Steps to Planning Your Volcano Model
Knowing about Types of Volcanoes
Read the following:
Volcanoes are openings, or vents. Material erupts, or bursts, out of the volcano onto the Earth's surface. That material
can be molten rock called lava, or steam or small rocks called tephra. There are three types of volcanoes.
Cinder cone volcanoes erupt a powerful blast of molten rocks, ash, and gas into the air. The rocks cool quickly and build
up, creating a cone. Thousands of cinder cone volcanoes exist in western North America and elsewhere.
Composite volcanoes are usually tall with steep even sides. Layers of lava, volcanic ash and other material build up the
sides. Some of the most famous mountains in the world are composite volcanoes including Mount Fuji in Japan and
Mount St. Helens in Washington.
Shield volcanoes are created almost entirely from flowing lava. It pours out of vents in all directions and builds up widely
over great distances. The Hawaiian Islands are made of a chain of shield volcanoes.
Elements of a volcano
List Elements of a volcano
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Building A Model of a Volcano
The Volcano Model must have a cross section/cutaway which shows the main parts of the Volcano.
Draw the following image in your book and colour to understand the interior of a volcano. This is an example
of the common parts of a volcano, no two volcanoes are ever the same as each one is shaped by the local
geology.
Steps for Model Build
1. Draw a plan of a Volcano with a cross section as above
2. Collect elements to make model, you will need:
Glue
Scissors
Tape
Paper
Shredded paper
Circle with circumference C in black,
Cardboard
diameter D in cyan, radius R in red, and
Base of polystyrene
center or origin O in magenta.
Paint
Set of Labels
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Cut out a circle of radius 13-14 cm. Total diameter 26-28 cm across.
Cut a radius to the centre.
Fold into a cone shape.
Use tape to secure shape.
Fold to make flat surface and interior wall.
Cut, shape and trim cone for top
Trim cone base to fit flat on base
Tape cone to base
Cut base and cutaway section.
Papier Mache
Add details vents, lava flows, solidified lava, magma chamber, ash layers
Paint with correct colours
Labels
Submit model work with worksheet.
Volcano is part A of project weighted 10 marks
Part B will be short test on volcanoes and notes taken during lessons.
Rubric for Volcano Model
Criteria
Mark
Student
Research
Developing
1-2
Volcano type is
not identified
Drawings
are
acceptable
Skilled
3-4
Volcano type is
clearly
identified
Drawings
are
acceptable
Volcano has a
good shape
Volcano
Construction
Volcano has a
acceptable
shape
Volcano Finish
Volcano has an
interior.
Volcano has an
interior
with
clear parts
Volcano
Paintwork
Volcano
painted
surfaces
has
Volcano
has
painted
surfaces
with
correct colours
for parts
Volcano Labels
Volcano has a
few labels
Volcano has a
labels and all
are correct
Excellent
5
Volcano type is
identified
Drawings
are
clear
and
precise
Volcano has a
well
defined
and
correct
shape
Volcano has an
interior
with
well
defined
and
precise
parts
Volcano
has
painted
surfaces
with
correct colours
for prts and is
well executed.
Volcano has all
labels, all are
correct and well
attached.
Total
25 Marks