SATELLITE
COMMUNICATION
Presented by- Swati chougule (17171007)
Ankita mane (17171023)
Manthan patil (17171032)
Rajesh gawade (17171039)
Guided by – prof. Reju R
Content
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What is satellite?
About Satellite Communication
Classification of Satellite Communication
Capture Audience Attention
What is satellite?
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In astronomical terms, a satellite is a celestial body that
orbits around a planet.
Example: The moon is a satellite of Earth.
In Aerospace terms, a satellite is a space vehicle launched by
humans and orbits around Earth or another celestial body.
Communications Satellite: It is a microwave repeater in the
sky that consists of a diverse combination of one or more
components including transmitter, receiver, amplifier,
regenerator, filter onboard computer, multiplexer,
demultiplexer, antenna, waveguide etc.
A satellite radio repeater is also called transponder. This is
usually a combination of transmitter and receiver
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• Satellite communication began in October 1957 with the
launch by Russia of a small satellite called Sputnik I.
• It’s a first artificial earth satellite and it sparked the
space race between United States and Russia.
• The first satellite successfully launched by USA was
Explorer I on January 1958.
• The world's first commercial communications satellite
was Early Bird (INTELSAT I).
• • Launched on April 6, 1965
HOW SATELLITE WORKS ?
• Two Stations on Earth want to communicate through
radio broadcast but are too far away to use
conventional means.
• The two stations can use a satellite as a relay station
for their communication.
• One Earth station transmits the signals to the satellite
at Up link frequency.
• Up link frequency is the frequency at which Earth
station is communicating with a satellite.
• The satellite transponder process the signal and sends
it to the second Earth station at another frequency
called downlink frequency.
Satellite Communication
SATCOM
Transmission System can be placed under three broad categories:
1. Radio System
2. Co-axial cable system
3. Optical fibre system
Satellite Communication
SATCOM
Kinds of Communication Satellites
 depends on type of orbit and frequency band used.
 Communication Satellite can be classified by the orbit used and also by frequency
band used.
 natural laws that control the movement of satellites.
 These are based on Kepler's laws
Frequency for space communication depends on :
1. Band width required
2. 2. Noise consideration
3. 3. Propagation factor
4. 4. Technology
Classifications
SATELLITE
ACTIVE SATELLITES
PASSIVE SATELLITES
NATURAL
ARTIFICIAL
 Satellite communication systems are classified
1.Communication system Multiplexed telephone channels with one
(i) carrier frequency system, and
(ii) Single channel per carrier system.
2.Modulation system Analog modulation (Frequency Modulation system), and Digital
modulation system
3.System configuration Pre–assignment system Demand assignment system
SATELLITE ORBITS:
• LOW EARTH ORBIT (LEO):
- Altitude -> 600 – 1000km.
- Revolution time: 3hours.
• MEDIUM EARTH ORBIT:
- Altitude -> 8000-20000 km.
- Revolution time- approx. 6hrs
• GEOSTATIONARY EARTH ORBIT(GEO): •
- Altitude-> 35786 km above earth surface.
- Revolution period- Same as period of earth.
APPLICATIONS:
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Radio broadcast & TV broadcast
Online education through Internet
Weather forecasting
Military satellites
Navigation satellites
Global mobile communications
FUTURE OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATION:
• Satellite technology has developed from experimental
(Sputnik-1957) to sophisticated and powerful.
• More onboard processing capabilities, more power and larger
aperture antennas will lead to handle more bandwidth
• Increase in service life(20-30 years)
• Low cost reusable launch vehicles technology under
development
• Development of satellite technology will ensure long term
viability of commercial satellite industry well in 21st century.
ADVANTAGES OF SATELLITE
COMMUNICATION
• Global Availability- Communications satellites
cover large geographical area. Customers in
rural and remote regions around the world
who cannot obtain high speed Internet access
from a terrestrial provider are increasingly
relying on satellite communications.
• Cost Effectiveness- Cost of satellite capacity
does not increase with the number of
users/receive sites, or with the distance
between communication points.
• Superior Reliability- Satellite communications
can operate independently from terrestrial
infrastructure. When terrestrial outages occur
from man-made and natural events, satellite
connections remain operational.
• Immediacy and Scalability- Additional receive
sites, or nodes on a network, can readily be
added, sometimes within hours. All it takes is
ground- based equipment.
• Superior Performance- Satellite is unmatched
for broadcast applications like television.
DISADVANTAGES OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATION• Huge initial cost Satellites are large and expensive, thus there is a large capital cost in
building and launching a satellite.
• Propagation delay
• Impossibility to repair and maintain
• Noise and interference
THANK YOU…!!