Ch 2 Measuments and Solving Problems
Sec 1
Fundamental unit
Standards of measurements
International System Unit
Unit of measurement
1. __________________________Defined by a physical standard of measurement
2. __________________________Objects of natural phenomena of constant value, easy to
preserve and reproduce, and practical in size
3. __________________________Physical quantity of a defined size
4. __________________________SI
A
cd
5. __________
6. __________
7. __________
8. __________
9. __________
10.__________
11.__________
k
kg
m
mol
s
Amount of substance
Electric current
Length
Luminous intensity
Mass
Temperature
Time
Conversion factor
Factor-label method
12. ______________ a problem-solving method based upon treating units in calculations as
algebraic factor; multiplied or divided (canceled)
13. ______________ a ratio between two different units that is equal to 1 and then be
multiplied by other factors without changing the equation
14. ______________ quantity sought = quantity given x conversion factors
Density
Derived unit
Litter
Volume
15. ______________ a unit that can be obtained from combinations of fundamental units
16.______________ the amount of space occupied by an object
17.______________ a volume equal to 1000 cm3
18.______________ a material’s mass divided by its volume, or its mass per unit volume
Sec 2
Degree Celsius
Heat or heat energy
Kelvin
Temperature
19. ______________ a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample of
matter
20. ______________ can be thought of as the sum total of the kinetic energies of the particles
in a sample of matter
21. ______________ a unit of temperature on the Celsius scale
22.______________ the unit of temperature on the Kelvin scale and is the fundamental SI unit
for temperature
Calorie
Heat capacity
Joule
Specific heat
23. ______________ the SI unit of heat energy and all forms of energy
24. ______________ the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water
through one Celsius degree, equivalent to 4.184 J
25.______________ the amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of a given
sample of matter by one Celsius degree
26.______________ the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of 1 g of a
substance by one Celsius degree
Sec 3
Accuracy
Percent error
Precision
Significant figures
27.______________ the closeness of a measurement to the true or accepted value of the
quantity measured
28.______________ the closeness of a set of measurements to each other, need to be the same
quantity, made in the same way
29.______________ Value accepted – Value experimental x 100%
Value accepted
30.______________ all digits known with certainty (measured) plus one final digit, which is
uncertain (estimated)
Addition or subtraction
Multiplication or division
Scientific notation
31. ______________ the arithmetic result should be rounded off so that the final digit is in he
same place as the leftmost uncertain digit
32.______________ the arithmetic product or quotient should be rounded off to the same
number of significant figures as in the measurement with the fewest significant figures
33.______________ numbers are written in the form M x 10n
Sec 4
Direct proportional
Inverse proportional
Variable
34.______________ a quantity that can change in value
35.______________ two variables that have constant ratio
36.______________ two variables that have a constant mathematical product
Key
1. Unit of measurement
2. Standards of measurement
3. Fundamental unit
4. International System Unit
5. mol
6. A
7. m
8. cd
9. kg
10. k
11. s
12. Factor-label method
13. Conversion factor
14. Conversion factor
15. Derived unit
16. Volume
17. Liter
18. Density
19. Temperature
20. Heat or heat energy
21. Degree Celsius
22. Kelvin
23. Joule
24. Calorie
25. Heat capacity
26. Specific heat
27. Accuracy
28. Precision
29. Percent error
30. Significant figures
31. Addition/subtraction
32. Multiplication/division
33. Scientific notation
34. Variable
35. Directly proportional
36. Inversely proportional