Peyton Rush
10/26/21
Chapter 5 US VA Hnrs Cornell Notes
Ch 5.1
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Treaty of Paris: the allyship between the Native Americans and the French including
transactions (trade and soldiers in arms) - ended in 1763
- The “Middle Ground” was the western frontier that had yet to be explored by the colonists
- Other settlers (French, Spanish, British) had interacted with the natives and occupied
some of the lands in the Middle Ground
- Neolin: a spiritual leader who preached a doctrine of shunning European culture and
expelling Europeans from native lands
- The alliance of multiple native American tribed under the preachings of Neolin is
known as Pontiac’s rebellion
- Paxton Boys: a group of Scot-Irish settlers who settled in Pennsylvania and enacted an
attack against a settlement of the Susquehannock tribe
- The Paxton Boys were essentially a mob
The Race Wars
- French did not side with the tribes
- Ended in 1766
- Hard time lasting on the frontier, multiple risks
- Proclamation of 1763 - forbid white settlement west of the proclamation line
- The debt during this time increased taxes and revenues, mostly fell on the lower class;
raised prices of imports like sugar and tobacco
Confronting National Debt
- Victory began complications with the British
- Natives sided with the French – TRADING
- War lasted 7 years, ended in 1763 due to the treaty
- British territory extended from Canada to Florida during this time
- Currency Act (1764) - prohibited colonies from printing additional paper money, required
them to pay British merchants in gold and silver coins
- Sugar Act (1764) lowered British responsibility for molasses
Mini review:
What was the Treaty of Paris and what did it entail?
Where was the “Middle Ground”? Who was settled there?
What was Pontiac’s rebellion and who led it?
Who were the Paxton boys?
What were the Race Wars? When did they end?
How long did the war last?
Ch 5.2
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Prime Minister - Grenville
- Passed the sugar act, introduced stamp act
Nov. 1: colonists contributed 69000 per year, 17% of actual costs to support the red coats in
the colonies
Quartering Act 1765: Prime Minister, Lord Rockingham, called for parliament to repeal the
Stamp Act
- Direct taxes imposed on colonists resulted in the colonists revolting
Taxation without representation
Mini Review:
Who was the prime minister?
What was the quartering act?
What was the main issue the colonists had with the taxation on imports?
Ch 5.3
Townshed Acts
- Restrained the New York assembly, forced them to agree to paying for British soldiers’
supplies
- Placed unjust expenses and taxes on common goods (paint, lead, tea, glass)
- Resulted in higher taxes and increased British enforcement in the colonies
- Were later dropped except for the taxes on tea
- The Townshend Acts were placed to silence the rebels, however they did the opposite.
The acts instead angered the rebels and colonists, furthering protests, boycott
movements, and increasing the oppsition against the British and need for
independence
- King George fires Lord Rockingham and replaces him with William Pitt
- Most likely to assure power without officers rebelling against him or encouraging
rebellion
- Revenue Act: attempted to isolate the colonial legislatures by drawing away royal officials
- Installed searched for warrants on smuggling as a way to enforce trade laws
- Samual Adams: wrota a letter encouraging colonies to fight for their rights and rebel
against the unjust placement of these taxes by boycotting
- This letter was the “Massachussetts Circular”
- Smuggling was the colonists main tactic to boycotting British imports/exports
- John Hannock: one of the most notable men who became extremely rich from
smuggling
- Boston Massacre: “the shot heard around the world”
- Protesters were confronted by British soldiers, and after a stray gunshot was heard,
resulted in the deaths of five innocent men
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Paul Revere: silversmith, one of the main organizers of the Sons of Liberty, was a leader of
the group of men who reported on the movements of British soldiers using a lamp code
Mini Review:
What were the Townshed Acts and what did they do?
What was the Revenue Act?
Who awas Samuel Adams?
What was the Boston Massacre? What is its nickname?
Who was Paul Revere?
Ch 5.4
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The British became concerned with the revolts and boycotts in Boston, feeling the need to
apprehend those they believed were committing treason
Boston Committee of Correspondence: a small informal group of self-installed government
by the colonists, created to battle the fears of the British army and how the British would
retaliate
Tea Act 1733: British tea companies were able to export tea to the colonies without having
to pay exportation taxes
- Put a stop to smuggling within the colonies
- Sam Adams attempted to stop these ships from unloading the tea into Boston
markets
- The Sons of Liberty installed themselves where the ships and cargo were located and
under disguise, would dump the tea into the harbor
Coercive Acts
- Aimed to close Boston harbor entirely until the expenses of tea were paid back to the
East India Tea Company
The First Continental Congress
- Made up of representatives from each colony (except Georgia)
- Established to discuss the steps taken to resolve the conflict with the British
Parliament
Militias: makeshift armies; groups of unprofessionally trained soldiers who fight in times on
need (are generally citizens or subjects of a state/settlement)
King George II - was the sovereign in Britain at the time, often referred to as “His Royal
Highness”, “His Majesty”, and other exaggerated royal titals
Mini Review:
What was the Boston Committee of Correspondence?
What was the Tea Act and how did the colonists react to it?
What colonies were in the First Continental Congress?
What are Militias?