CHAPTER 7
THE VOCATION OF PRIESTHOOD
THEO 500 – CHRISTIAN VOCATION & FULFILLMENT
PROF. ANTONIO C. CAYETANO. MARE, J.D.
Faculty, Theology/Philosophy Division
Arts and Sciences Department
San Pedro College, Davao City
THE SEVEN SACRAMENTS
SACRAMENT
OF
INITIATION
SACRAMENT
OF
HEALING
BAPTISM, CONFIRMATION &
EUCHARIST
PENANCE/RECONCILIATION &
ANOINTING OF THE SICK
1. establish our relationship
with the Father, Son, and
Holy Spirit
1. continue Jesus’ ongoing
ministry of healing and
salvation
2. call all of us to holiness
2. offer God’s forgiveness and
a way to experience and
celebrate ongoing spiritual
growth and conversion.
3. consecrate us to be part of
the Church’s mission to
evangelize the whole world.
SACRAMENT
OF SERVICE &
COMMUNION
HOLY ORDERS AND MATRIMONY
1. foster the good of others
2. focus on the salvation of
others
3. enhance personal salvation
through serving others
– Catechism of the Catholic Church, 1533 –
2
JESUS CHRIST
THE MODEL OF SERVICE AND COMMUNION
01
Translates love into
an active service
without condition
02
Interacts with people
with love, mercy and
compassion without
discrimination
03
Shows us how to be a
servant-leader at the
service of the people
and of the Kingdom
of God
04
Teaches us how to
live authentically
without minding what
society would think of
Him
THE COMMON PRIESTHOOD IN RELATION TO THE MINISTERIAL PRIESTHOOD
COMMON PRIESTHOOD
• All of the baptized are a part of
the common priesthood of
believers,
and
they
give
themselves to God and others in
love
in
their
particular
circumstances.
• The common priesthood of the
baptized is to be lived out in
their life of prayer and worship.
MINISTERIAL PRIESTHOOD
• The
ministerial
priesthood
consists of priests and bishops in
ordained ministry who use their
gifts and talents to respond to
God’s call to serve him and his
People.
• These
men
receive
Sacrament of Holy Orders.
the
• The word order in Roman antiquity designated an established civil
body, especially a governing body…Ordinatio means incorporation
into an ordo (1537, CCC).
• Ordination (Lat.: ordinatio) is an integration into the three degrees of
Holy Orders and a religious and liturgical act which was a
consecration, a blessing or a sacrament (1538, CCC).
• Today the word "ordination" is reserved for the sacramental act which
integrates a man into the order of bishops, presbyters, or deacons,
and goes beyond a simple election, designation, delegation, or
institution by the community (1538, CCC).
WHAT IS AN ORDER
&
ORDINATION?
• Ordination confers a gift of the Holy Spirit that permits the exercise of
a "sacred power" (sacra potestas) which can come only from Christ
himself through his Church (1538, CCC).
• Ordination (also called Consecration from Lat.: consecration) is a
setting apart and an investiture by Christ himself for his Church (1538,
CCC).
• The laying on of hands by the bishop, with the consecratory prayer,
constitutes the visible sign of this ordination (1538, CCC).
• HOLY ORDERS is the sacrament through which the
mission entrusted by Christ to his Apostles continues to
be exercised in the Church until the end of time. Thus
it is the sacrament of apostolic ministry (1536, CCC).
WHAT IS
HOLY ORDERS?
APOSTOLIC SUCCESSION
01
• The line of bishops stretching back to the
apostles.
• All over the world, all Catholic bishops are part
of a lineage that goes back to the time of the
apostles.
02
• To make sure that the apostles’ teachings would be
passed down after the deaths of the apostles, Paul
told Timothy:
“[W]hat you have heard from me before many
witnesses entrust to faithful men who will be able to
teach others also” (2 Tim. 2:2).
• In this passage he refers to the first three generations
of apostolic succession—his own generation,
Timothy’s generation, and the generation Timothy
will teach.
THREE DEGREES IN THE SACRAMENT OF HOLY ORDERS
PONTIFF &
PASTOR
THE ORDER OF BISHOP
• The episcopacy, the Order of
Bishop, is the highest degree
of Holy Orders.
• The bishops are in a direct,
unbroken line from
the
Apostles who received their
mission from Jesus, as well as
the power to act in his
person.
SERVANT
CO-WORKER
OF THE BISHOP
THE ORDER OF PRESBYTER
• Priests form around their bishop
a presbyterium – “an intimate
sacramental brotherhood” –
that helps them serve and
govern the local Church, or
diocese.
• Each priest receives from the
bishop the charge of a parish
community or is appointed to a
special ministry to serve God’s
people.
THE ORDER OF THE DIACONATE
• The word deacon means
“servant.”
• Deacons participate in Jesus’ work
and grace by modeling their
ministry after Christ.
• They are ordained to assist the
bishop in his works of service.
The clergy are the deacons, priests and bishops in the ordained ministry.
COLLEGE OF BISHOPS
•
Under Canon Law, a ”college” is a
collection (Latin collegium) of persons
united together for a common object so
as to form one body.
•
The College of Bishops is the community
of bishops.
BISHOP OF ROME
HEAD OF THE COLLEGE OF BISHOPS
VICAR OF CHRIST
THE ROLE OF THE
POPE
UNIVERSAL PASTOR OF THE CHURCH ON EARTH
THE ROMAN PONTIFF
The “bridge maker” who acts as a bridge between God and the Church as the
Body of Christ
A steward is a servant who
cares for someone else’s
property or household.
CELEBRATE DIVINE WORSHIP
ESP. EUCHARIST
TEACH THE FAITH
OVERSEE PASTORAL MINISTRY
[SCHOOLS, PARISHES, OTHER
PASTORAL MINISTRIES)
GUIDE THE LOCAL CHURCH
AS PASTOR & STEWARD
WORK WITH THE PRESBYTERIUM,
RELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES & THE LAITY
The bishop is God’s steward because he is responsible for God’s people. He must live in accordance with God’s
word and the teachings of the Church, preach with sound doctrine and argue effectively with anyone who refutes
God’s word.
ROOTED FIRMLY IN JESUS CHRIST
Fullest expression in preaching
of Gospel and administration of
Sacraments
THROUGH HOLY ORDERS, PRIESTS
•
is configured to Christ
•
stands in place of Christ as
head of the Body, the Church
People are able to encounter
God in a real way
ADMINISTRATION OF SACRAMENTS
•
•
•
LIFE OF OBEDIENCE
•
MAIN ROLE
•
Initiation: Baptism & Eucharist
Healing: Reconciliation & Anointing
Matrimony
To make Christ present to all
people at all times
VARIED PASTORAL ROLES / ASSIGNMENTS
•
•
•
Teach in schools seminary
Work in diocesan offices, etc.
Most assigned to minister in a parish
He ministers wherever he is sent
off by the Bishop or Superior
THE DAILY LIFE OF A PRIEST
LIFE OF PRAYER
SACRAMENTAL MINISTRY
Pray the Divine Office,
Meditation, Lectio Divina
Administration of the
Sacraments
EUCHARISTIC COMMUNION
PASTORAL MINISTRY
Celebration of the Holy
Eucharist
Pastoral Counseling, Pastoral
Leadership in Pastoral Programs
MARIAN DEVOTION
STEWARD
Pray the Holy Rosary
Take care with due
diligence the finances and
properties of the Church
THE DIFFERENCE OF A DIOCESAN PRIESTS AND A RELIGIOUS ORDER PRIESTS
•
Diocesan priests are not members
of the religious orders.
•
Their ordination is conferred by the
bishop.
•
They promise to be obedient to the
bishop and to remain celibate, but
do not take the vow of poverty.
•
They do not wear a religious habit,
but wear a black suit or cassock
with a Roman collar to identify
them as priests.
DIOCESAN PRIESTS
RELIGIOUS PRIESTS
•
Celibacy is the formal and solemn oath to never enter
the married state.
Celibate diocesan priests willingly relinquish their right to
marry in order to devote themselves completely and
totally to God and his Church.
A religious order priests belong a
religious community and profess vows
of poverty, chastity and obedience.
•
They often wears a distinctive habit.
•
Their ordination may be conferred by
the local bishop, or the abbot
(superior) of their order.
VOW OF CHASTITY
•
CELIBACY
•
•
VOW OF POVERTY
•
The vow by which a person freely
gives up the right to marriage and
the duty of abstaining from all
indulgence of sexual pleasure.
The vow by which religious priests promise to live a simple life
and commit to share their resources and their time and talents
within their communities and with those in need.
VOW OF OBEDIENCE
•
The vow by which religious priests are called to listen to and
obey God’s will through the wisdom of their bishop or superior.
2 TYPES OF DEACONS RECOGNIZE BY THE CATHOLIC CHURCH
PERMANENT DEACONS: They are men ordained to an office in
the Catholic Church who normally have no intention or desire
of becoming priests.
He can be single or married. If the latter, he must be married
before being ordained a deacon.
If his wife dies before him, he may be ordained a priest if the
bishop permits and approves.
Permanent deacons, especially those who are married, have
secular jobs to support their families and also help the local
pastor by visiting the sick, teaching the faith, counseling
couples and individuals, working on parish committees and
councils, and giving advice to the pastor.
TRANSITIONAL DEACONS. They are seminarians or students in the
last phase of training for the Catholic priesthood.
After being a deacon for a year, they’re ordained a priest by
the bishop.
AREAS OF SERVICE OF A DEACON
01
SACRAMENTS / SACRAMENTAL: baptize,
witness marriages, perform funeral & burial
services outside Mass
02
AT THE SERVICE OF THE BISHOPS/PRIESTS:
assist in the Celebration of the Eucharist,
the distribution of Holy Communion and the
giving of Homily
03
LIFE OF PRAYER: Obligated to pray the
Divine Office (Breviary) each day
04
PASTORAL MINISTRIES: engage in various
pastoral ministries of the Church like charity
and justice
CHAPTER 8
THE VOCATION OF CONSECRATED RELIGIOUS LIFE
THEO 500 – CHRISTIAN VOCATION & FULFILLMENT
PROF. ANTONIO C. CAYETANO. MARE, J.D.
Faculty, Theology/Philosophy Division
Arts and Sciences Department
San Pedro College, Davao City
CHARACTERISTICS OF CONSECRATED RELIGIOUS
LIFE
The consecrated religious life is characterized
by the evangelical counsels of:
1. Poverty
2. chastity, and
3. obedience.
THE VOW OF OBEDIENCE
• The evangelical counsel of obedience
comes from the Latin word for “listen
attentively.”
• Living this vow does not mean blind
obedience. Asking questions is a part of
active listening.
• We listen attentively to be able to make
conscious choices to follow God’s will and
keep God’s law.
THE VOW OF POVERTY
• The evangelical counsel of poverty requires
us to be poor in spirit.
• People who live this vow are freed from
financial need and the distractions of and
possible preoccupation with owning
possessions and wanting more.
THE VOW OF CHASTITY
• The vow of chastity is always practiced in a
life of celibacy for the sake of the Gospel, in
order to more freely participate in the
Church’s mission to bring Christ to the
whole world.
THE HISTORY OF RELIGIOUS LIFE
THE HISTORY OF RELIGIOUS LIFE
CHARISMS
• Charisms are spiritual gifts, and different
founders of religious communities were
graced with different charisms.
• Religious orders today live out their charisms
in a variety of ways, adding to the diversity
and richness of how the Church reaches out
to others with the Good News.
THE CHURCH’S MISSIONARY MANDATE
• The missionary mandate is to go and make
disciples of all nations, baptizing, and
teaching.
• All Catholics are called to carry out the
Church’s missionary mandate.
THE ROLE OF THE HOLY SPIRIT IN THE CHURCH
• The Holy Spirit has built up the Church from
her beginning.
• The Holy Spirit brings the Church to life and
makes her holy.
3 THINGS THE RELIGIOUS ORDERS IN THE MIDDLE
AGES AFFECTED HISTORY
Three things religious orders in the Middle Ages
did that affected history: They assisted in the
reform of the:
1. Church
2. Education,
3. Encouraged people to return to simple
living.
CONTEMPLATIVE LIFE
1. The contemplative life is a life focused on
prayer, Christian perfection and union with
Christ.
2. People called to this life are those who
want to make prayer their life’s work.
LITURGY OF THE HOURS
• The Liturgy of the Hours or the Divine Office is
the official prayer of the Church.
• It is divided into sections that are to be
prayed to mark the passing hours of day
and night.
• It is called liturgy because it is the part of the
public prayer of the Church.
TYPE OF FORMATION DOES A PERSON SEEKING TO BE A
CONSECRATED RELIGIOUS UNDERTAKE
A person in formation to become a consecrated religious
goes through a period of:
1. Initial inquiry where he or she is a postulant who
observes and learns about the community.
2. The next step is the novitiate, where the novice begins
to participate more fully in the community.
3. Then the person takes Temporary or First vows.
4. Final or Permanent vows, whereby the person
becomes a full member of the religious order.
ACTIVE RELIGIOUS COMMUNITIES
• These communities developed in order to
meet the needs of the poor and suffering:
1. To care for, to feed, to clothe, to shelter
those in need
2. To reach out to those with no access to
education.
SEMI-CLOISTERED CONSECRATED RELIGIOUS LIFE
• “Semi-cloistered” is a way of living whereby
the consecrated religious women live:
1. a cloistered life
2. yet at the same time minister to those in
need by bringing them in close proximity
to the cloister or convent.
SOME CONTRIBUTIONS RELIGIOUS WOMEN IN ACTIVE
COMMUNITIES HAVE MADE IN THE CHURCH
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
To care for the sick
To feed the hungry
To clothe those without adequate clothing,
To shelter the poor
To teach.
THE PARTICIPATION OF CONSECRATED RELIGIOUS LIFE IN THE
MISSIONARY WORK OF THE WHOLE CHURCH
• The entire Church is a missionary Church.
• Consecrated religious men and women
participate in that missionary work regardless
of where they live.
• They teach and spread the Gospel, fulfilling
the missionary mandate and living as
disciples of Jesus.