2.4 TECHNOLOGY
SYSTEMS
•
What is a System?
•
A system is a group of parts that
work together to achieve a goal.
These parts are:
Inputs
Processes
Outputs
Feedback
Subsystems: Smaller systems that are
present within larger systems.
1. Open-Loop
Systems
Input
Process Output
When a system has no way to control its
product, the system is called as open
loop system.
WHAT IS AN INPUT?
 An Input includes anything that is put into the
system, and comes from the system’s
resources.
 It is the resources, ideas and activities that
determines what needs to be completed.
 1st step in both systems
 Other words that mean input are:
1. Data
2. Information
3. Plan
WHAT IS A PROCESS?
A Process includes all the activities that
need to take place for the system to give
the expected result.
2nd step in both systems
This is where you do the work
WHAT IS AN OUTPUT?
➢ An Output is what the system produces.
This is the 3rd step in both systems
The Output is your Finished Product,
should be very close to your input!!
2. Closed Loop
Systems
Input
Process
Output
Feedback Loop
Compare &
Feedback
Adjust
To Menu
Compare & Adjust
Both compare and Adjust are on the
Closed Loop System ONLY!!
Compare: This step is where you look at
the Input and the Output. You want
them to be very similar.
Adjust: This is where you will change
things that are not similar in the Input
and the Output. You do not always need
to Adjust.
To Menu
WHAT IS FEEDBACK?
Feedback is information about output
that is sent back to the system.
Feedback can come from:
From customers
From people who use it.
Feedback
is
used
to
make
improvements in systems or can be used
to create new systems.
● INPUT: ● You run the mile every afternoon
● You record time with stopwatch
● OUTPUT: ● Stopwatch times each mile
● PROBLEM: Your times do not improve
FEEDBACK
● INPUT: You run a mile on track
Coach measures time of your run
Coach gives you FEEDBACK (tips)
● OUTPUT: Your mile time improves
Examples of open-loop systems:
 Examples:- Washing Machine, Toaster,
Electric Fan
Examples of close-loop systems:
Examples:- Refrigerator, Iron
Controlling systems
Manual control: device that
needs a human operator.
Automatic control: device that
can be programmed and then
operates without human
involvement.
What is life cycle??
Life cycle analysis: way of
knowing the environmental effects
of a product through its entire life.
Example: effect of air pollution,
water pollution