Republic of the Philippines Department of Education Region II – Cagayan Valley Schools Division of Cagayan 102926 BUYUN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STA. TERESITA DISTRICT IMPROVING THE READING COMPREHENSION SKILLS OF THE GRADE 2 LEARNERS OF BUYUN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL THROUGH E-BOOK LAWRENCE MENCHU C. AZCUETA Teacher 3 email add. lawrencemenchu.azcueta001@deped.gov.ph Cp no. 09268566607 ACTION RESEARCH PROPOSAL 2021 Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 1 I. Context and Rationale Reading is important in learning. Most of the pupils' understanding of the concept, knowledge and wisdom come after they have learned to read. The comprehension of phrases, short stories and constructing short sentences is dependent on the ability of the pupils to read. It is a vital and significant factor in learning since it is the foundation of the pupils as they go far in the learning process. Moreover, Afflerbach et. al (2020) said that effective or expert reading tasks . Strategic readers use a variety of strategies and skills as they construct meaning. A strategy is a plan selected deliberately by the reader to accomplish a particular goal or to complete a given task. The goal of all reading instruction is to help students become expert readers so that they can achieve independence and can use literacy for lifelong learning and enjoyment. Learning to use strategies effectively is essential to constructing meaning. Readers who are not strategic encounter difficulties in their reading. These early difficulties in reading may influence the way readers learn throughout the rest of their lives. Strategic readers use a variety of strategies to construct meaning, such as predicting and questioning strategies. Students can learn strategies in a variety of ways. Some strategy learning takes place through reading and writing experiences. Strategic readers have strategies for dealing with many different learning tasks. Therefore, learning to use strategic reading skills effectively is a crucial part of becoming a strategic reader. Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 2 Helping students learn to use these skills requires continuous reading practice to help students become independent in their learning. In the study conducted by Pamittan (2019) he emphasized that reading is the most important macro skill in a language subject that needs to be developed and enhanced at an early age because this skill will sum up how well a child performs academically in school. Reading lays the solid foundation of a child towards the acquisition of the other needed skills such as writing, listening, speaking and viewing. Reading is developing gradually from recognizing the letters of the alphabet up to sentence recognition then going to the highest level such as reading a story . Moreover DepEd Memorandum No. 173, s. 2019 learners should be equipped with reading skills to make them proficient and independent readers in their grade level, capacitate teachers to become effective reading teacher and nurture a culture of reading schools, communities and various level of governance in DepEd central office (CO), regional offices (RO) and schools division offices (SDOs). As stated DepEd Order No. 45 s. 2002, one of the main trust of the 2002 Basic Education Curriculum (BEC) is to ensure that every child is a successful reader, and all schools are enjoined to develop a School-Based Reading Program that includes the conduct of an inventory of the children’s reading ability, a diagnosis of those who need further reading instructions and appropriate measures to improve reading comprehension. Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 3 Furthermore, the Diagnostic Reading Assessment which is used as a classroom-based assessment tool aims to measure and describe the learner’s reading performance in both English and Filipino languages, in oral reading, silent reading and listening comprehension. These three types of assessment aim to determine the learner’s independent, instructional and frustration levels. The Diagnostic Reading Assessment data also serve as one of the bases in planning, designing/redesigning the reading instruction of the teachers and the school’s reading programs or activities to improve the overall school’s reading performance (DO 14, S. 2018). In the case of Buyun Elementary School, it has been observed that Grade 1 pupils recorded low performance in reading as based on the result of the Diagnostic Reading Assessment conducted for the last 3 years. Moreover, on the Reading Screening Test conducted last October, 2020 among Grade 1 pupils using the Early Grade Reading Assessment Toolkit (EGRA), it revealed that 71% of the Grade 1 pupils could hardly recognize words at their grade level. In addition, parents gave feedback that their children are hard up in answering their Self-Learning Modules because some of the Grade 2 pupils could not read and comprehend at their grade level. Given the above findings, this motivated the proponent to introduce Enhanced Reading Activities as an intervention in improving the comprehension skill of Grade 2 pupils of Buyun Elementary School for School Year 2021-2022. Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 4 II. Action Research Questions This study aims to improve the comprehension skills of Grade 2 pupils using E-Book Activities. Specifically, it answered the following questions: 1. What are the pretest and posttest scores of the grade 2 learners in improving the comprehension before and after the implementation of the Electronic book? 2. Is there a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the Grade 2 pupils after the implementation of Electronic Book? 3. What is the effect size in using Electronic Book in improving the reading comprehension skills of Grade 2 pupils at Buyun Elementary School for School Year 2021-2022? 4. What activity plan should be done to sustain/ improve the implementation of the intervention and its utilization? III. Innovation, Intervention, and Strategy E-Book or Electronic Operated Book is an audiovisual presentation crafted by the researcher and it will be used as a reading and comprehension tool for the grade 2 learners. Stories are downloaded from the LR DepEd Portal and digitized by the researcher into an eBook. Each activity had a time frame and assessment that serve as monitoring of pupils progress. Reading Comprehension through E-Book will be quality assured by the team and Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 5 validated in other schools of the same grade level. A parent’s orientation will also conducted by the proponent to explain how to facilitate the conduct of intervention from among the participants. As to implementation of the intervention, all materials which will be used in the conduct of Reading Comprehension through E-book will be distributed and retrieved to and from the parents of the participants during the distribution and retrieval of Self-learning Modules employing the health protocols set by IATF such as wearing of face mask observing social distancing. In the and face shield and first week, the teacher will introduce stories as the activity where the proponent presents 20 words printed on the Word Card suited on the level of Grade 2 pupils and distribute to parents of the participants at the same time when the Self-Learning Modules were distribute. In order to monitor the mastery of the words, the parent will take a video of the participant reading correctly all the words presented on the word card to be sent thru private message to the proponent as part of monitoring the conduct of the activity. In the second week, the activity for the learner will be Follow the Leader where the proponent will take a video on how to read the phrases correctly. Then the parent take a video of the participant on pronouncing the phrases correctly which was sent to the proponent thru private message. Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 6 In the third week, the activity will be Read proponent read , Repeat and Rhyme. The the sentences with Rhyming words through video presentation to be uploaded in the group chat of the grade 2 parents. Then the parent will take a video of the participant reading the sentences correctly to be sent to the proponent thru private message. In the fourth week, the book will be introduced by the proponent to the Grade 2 pupils. The proponent read the story through a video presentation which was uploaded in the group chat. Again, parents will take a video of the participant reading the story correctly to be sent to the proponent thru private message. And lastly on the fifth week, the activity will be Speak proponent retells the and Act. The story through video presentation to be sent to the proponent thru private message. Then the parent will take a video of the participants retelling the story to be sent to the proponent thru private message. After the Speak and Act activity, participants will answer the comprehension questions reflected on the activity sheets as based on the story read. Answered activity sheets were collected by the proponent at the same time during the retrieval of Self-Learning Modules (SLMs) to monitor the progress of the participant vis-à-vis comprehension skill . Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 7 The teacher-researcher will monitor the progress on the utilization of the intervention of e-book to grade 2 learners through phone calls, group chat, messenger, or any form of social media platforms. Home monitoring will also be done by the teacher-resarcher observing the health protocols set by IATF such as wearing of face mask and face shield and observing social distancing to ensure maximum participation of the participants thereby improving their reading comprehension skills. The intervention will be introduced to the Grade 2 pupils of Buyun Elementary School, Buyun Sta. Teresita, Cagayan in the 1st quarter of the school year 2021-2022. IV. Action Research Methods This research will use the Quasi – Experimented particularly one-group pretest and post test design to find out the effect of the e-book to the performance of the respondents. a. Participants and/or other Source of data and Information The respondent of the study will be 18 male and 11 female Grade 2 learners of Buyun Elementary School,Sta.Teresita District,Sta. Teresita Cagayan for the SY 2021-2022 using total enumeration. Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 8 b. Data Gathering Method The Pretest and Posttest will be used to gather the performance scores of the learner before and after the implementation of the intervention. Pretest will administered to the participants at their respective homes following the protocol and health standards set by IATF such as wearing of mask and face shield and observing social distancing prior the implementation of the intervention to look into the comprehension level of Grade 2 learners. After the implementation of the intervention, Posttest will administered to the participants in their respective homes again following the protocol and health standards set by IATF such as wearing of mask and face shield and observing social distancing to see if there is improvement on the reading comprehension skills of Grade 2 pupils of Buyun Elementary School. The result of the pretest and posttest will be recorded, analyzed, compared, and interpreted if there was a significant difference. Monitoring tools were utilized to track the progress of the participants vis-à-vis reading comprehension skills . c. Plan for Data Analysis The statistical tools to be used to analyze the data to be collected will be as follows; 1. Mean and Standard Deviation will be computed to analyze the scores of the learners in pretest and post test scores and it will answer question number 1. Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 9 2. Cohens will be used to test the significant difference between the pretest and post-test scores of the learners and will be tested for significance at 0.05 level of significance and will answer question no. 2. 3. Eta-squared will be used to test the effect size of the ebook in improving the reading comprehension skills of the Grade 2 learners and will answer question no. 3. 4. Thematic Analysis will be used to craft an activity in improving/sustaining the intervention through ebook. d. Ethical Issues The researcher issued and secured a letter of intent to conduct the study to proper authority. Parents and guardians were given a letter for their approval on the participation of their child to study observing the health protocols set by AITF. All the information obtained from the pupils and guardian was treated confidentially and for research purposes only. Name and personal information from the respondents remained confidential and followed the data act privacy law. Other ethical issues prescribed in research management Guidelines under DepEd Order No. 16, s. 2017 followed Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 10 V. Work Plan and Timeline Strategies Improving learners skills in reading comprehen sion through ebook Progra m Activities Researc h Develop ment on Improvi ng the Readin g Compr ehensi on Skills of Grade 2 Learne rs throug h Research Conceptua lization Task Physical a. Conceptualization B. Action research proposal writing c.Creation/preparat ion of the intervention d.Seek approval for the implementation of the action research Research Approval Research Implement ation Proponent A. B. Seek Approval from research DRTWG Proponent School screening committee School Head DRTWG SDS Proponent Participant s Administer ing pretest C. Research Finalizatio n Research Dissemina tion and Utilization Implement ation A. Administer post test B. Organize, analyze and interpret data C. Finalize research results Book binding of the research manuscrip A. Conduct and Disseminat ion of the research result B. Submit research result for publication Proponent Proponent Resources Material Ink Bond paper Folders Fastener Envelopes Flash drive Facemask Faceshield alcohol Ink Bond paper Folder Staple wire transporta tion Ink Bond paper Fastener Folders transporta tion Ink Bond paper Fastener Folders transporta tion Financi al Timeline (Date) August 1,2021 t0 August 16,2021 1,970 August 18, 2021 to Septembe r 30, 2021 2,530 1,100 1,300 Septembe r 13, 2021 to November 12, 2021 March 1, 2022 to March 30, 2022 6,900 Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 11 VI. Cost Estimates Activities to be undertaken Item Description Research Conceptualization Black Ink Cyan Ink Magenta Ink Yellow Ink Bond Paper Folder Fastener Face shield Face Mask Quantity Unit 1 1 1 1 1 12 1 12 2 box Pc Box Travelling Expenses Unit Cost Total Account Php 320 Php 320 Php 320 Php 220 Php 180 Php 15 Php 50 Php 15 Php 1000 Php Php Php Php Php Php Php Php Php 320 320 320 320 220 180 50 180 240 Php 1000 Php 1000 Research Approval Bond paper Face shield Face mask Travelling expenses Research Implementation E-lod Bond paper Folder Fastener Travelling expenses Research Finalization E-load Bond paper 5 12 2 Ream Pcs box Php 220 Php 15 Php 120 5 1 1 Ream Pc Pc Php Php Php Php 1 Ream TOTAL 220 10 3 500 Php 300 Php 220 Php Php Php Php 1,100 180 240 1000 Php Php Php Php Php 300 1,100 10 3 500 Php 300 Php 220 ₱8,103.00 Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 12 VI. ACTION PLAN FOR DISSEMINATION AND UTILIZATION Strategies Program Activities Task Resources Physical Improving Learners’ Comprehen sion Skills in Reading through EBOOK Resear ch develo pment On Improv ing learner sComp rehensi on skills throug h EBook Resear ch dissem ination and utilizat ion Conduct disseminati on of the research result through -e-flyers - FB post -vitual *PTA meeting *LGU Summit *etc Respond ents Parents School Head School Researc h Screenin g Committ ee Coteachers Timeline Materia Financi l al Ink Paper Folders Fasten ers tranpor tation ₱200 ₱850 ₱50 ₱1000 August 1-30, 2021 Submit research result for publication Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 13 VIII. REFERENCES . Afflerbach, P., et.al (2020). Reading comprehension strategy instruction. Handbook of Strategies and Strategic Processing, 98-118. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429423635-7 DepEd Memorandum No. 173, s. 2019 HAMON: BAWAT BATA BUMABASA (3Bs Initiative) DepEd Order No. 14, s. 2018 Policy guidelines on the administration of the revised Philippine informal reading inventory DepEd Order No. 45 s. 2002 “Reading Literacy Program in the Elementary Schools” Do 14, S. 2018 – Policy Guidelines On The Administration Of The Revised Philippine Informal Reading Inventory Do 18, S. 2017 – Guidelines On The Utilization Of The 2017 Every Child A Reader Program Funds For The Early Language, Literacy, And Numeracy Program: Professional Development Component Malipot, M. H. (2020, July 28). DepEd to focus on reading literacy of students. Manila Bulletin. https://mb.com.ph/2020/02/27/depedto-focus-on-reading-literacy-of-students/ Pamittan, F. A. (2019). The Impact of mother tongue on the performance of ESL students' in listening and speaking skills embracing mother tongue based-multilingual education (MTB-MLE) curriculum. International Journal of Education and Research : April - 2021. https://www.ijern.com/journal/2016/March-2016/12.pdf Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 14 Salaverria, L. B.,et.al(2020, February 18). Pupils’ problem is not literacy but reading comprehension – DepEd. INQUIRER.net. https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1230013/pupils-problem-not-literacybut-reading-comprehension-deped#ixzz6o2OgqLP5 Serrano, R.,et.al (2018). Learning vocabulary through assisted repeated reading: How much time should there be between repetitions of the same text? TESOL Quarterly, 52(4), 971-994. https://doi.org/10.1002/tesq.445 Vaughn, S.,et.al (2016). Effects from a randomized control trial comparing researcher and school-implemented treatments with fourth graders with significant reading difficulties. Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness, 9(sup1), 23-44. https://doi.org/10.1080/19345747.2015.112638 Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 15 Republic of the Philippines Department of Education Region II – Cagayan Valley Schools Division of Cagayan Date__________ PARENTAL CONSENT I hereby willingly and voluntarily give consent for the participation of my son/daughter_______________________________________ in the implementation of the action research entitled; “IMPROVING THE READING COMPREHENSION OF THE GRADE 2 LEARNERS OF BUYUN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL THROUGH EBOOK’ , at Buyun Elementary School, Sta Teresita District for School Year 20212022. I have considered the benefits that my son/daughter will derived from his/her participation in the activity provided that due care, protection and confidentiality of my son/daughter responses will be ensured. _______________________________________ Signature of Parent LAWRENCE MENCHU C. AZCUETA T-III/Proponent Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 16 Republic of the Philippines Department of Education Region II – Cagayan Valley Schools Division of Cagayan Appendix 1 MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENT: This agreement made and executed by and between: The ASSOCIATION SCHOOL, BARANGAY OFFICIALS, the PARENTS AND TEACHERS (PTA), DONORS, SPONSORS AND CIVIC SPIRITED PEOPLE represented by RAQUEL C. MARANTAN, PhD. Public Schools District Supervisor, Sta. Teresita, District, Sta. Teresita ,Cagayan - and – Lawrence Menchu C. Azcueta proponent of the action research proposal entitled: IMPROVING THE READING COMPREHENSION OF THE GRADE 2 LEARNERS OF BUYUN ELMENTARY SCHOOL THROUGH E-BOOK at Buyun Elementary School, Sta. Teresita District, Sta. Teresita, Cagayan. -WITHNESSETHWHEREAS, the school envisioned improving of reading comprehension of the grade 2 learners of Buyun Elementary School through E-BOOK in support to K-12 Basic Education Program; Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 17 WHEREAS, the Deped Vision and Mision mandates the holistic development of the learners and that the stake holders’ participation as partner and shared responsibility and accountability of the parents, learners and teachers be observed; NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the foregoing premises and of the mutual covenants and herein after set forth, the parties agreed that full support be accorded to the implementation of the action research which is geared towards the improvement of the reading comprehension of the learners which will likewise redound to pupils’ academic performance. This Memorandum of Agreement shall take effect immediately upon the approval of the action research of the proponent. LAWRENCE MENCHU C. AZCUETA Teacher-III/Proponent WITNESSESS: ELMOR SEJALBO JR. HON. NERIO S. BARANGAN PRINCES I. UNABIA General PTA President Punong Barangay Head Teacher I Address: Regional Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500 Telephone Nos.: PLDT (078) 377-1065; Globe Landline (078) 255-5317, (078) 255-5318 Email Address: sdo.cagayan@deped.gov.ph Website: deped-sdocagayan.com.ph Doc Code: FM-SGO-RES-003 Rev: 00 As of: 7-2-2018 Page: 18