11
Philippine Politics and
Governance
Second Quarter
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
i
COPYRIGHT PAGE
Learning Activity Sheet
Philippine Politics and Governance
Grade 11
Copyright @ 2020
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Regional Office No. 02 (Cagayan Valley) Regional
Government Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City, 3500
“No copy of this materials shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines.
However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created
shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.”
This material has been developed for the implementation of the K to 12 Curriculum
through the Curriculum and Learning Management Division (CLMD). It can be
reproduced for educational purposes and the source must be acknowledged. Derivatives
of the work including creating an edited version, an enhancement of supplementary work
are permitted provided all original works are acknowledged and the copyright is
attributed. No work may be derived from the material for commercial purposes and profit.
Consultants:
Regional Director
Assistant Regional Director
Schools Division Superintendent
Assist. Schools Division Supt.
Chief Educ. Supervisor, CLMD
Chief Education Supervisor, CID
ESTELA L. CARIŇO, EdD, CESO IV
RHODA T. RAZON, EdD, CESO V
MADELYN L. MACALLING, PhD, CESO VI
EDNA P. ABUAN, PhD
DANTE J. MARCEL, PhD, CESO VI
OCTAVIO V. CABASAG, PhD
RODRIGO V. PASCUA, EdD
Development Team
Writers : Nor Mar L. Cabaddu, Olga, D. Preza, Francisco A. Recobo Jr., Arvee M.
Butac, Maria Jamilla A. Pua, Jasmin I. Lappay
Content Editors : Richard C. Esguerra, Merlyn Manango, Novalyn Cuaresma, Rubylin M.
Orina, Ferdinand D. Masiddo, Jasmin I. Lappay, Editha F. Muñoz
Language Editor : Andrea Ramos, Myline J. Respicio, Roberto Español, Ferdinand D. Masiddo
Layout Artist : Jovencio C. Carig Jr.
Focal Persons : Emilia A. Estudillo, EdD, EPS AP, SDO Isabela
Ma. Cristina Acosta, EPS LRMDS, SDO Isabela
Miraflor D. Mariano, Regional EPS Araling Panlipunan
Rizalino G. Caronan, Regional EPS LRMS
Printed by DepEd Regional Office No. 02
Regional Center, Carig Sur, Tuguegarao City
ii
Table of Contents
Learning Competency
Page
Analyze the roles and responsibilities of the Philippine Judiciary
1
Explain the roles and functions of Local Government Unit
13
Analyze the nature of elections and political parties in the Philippines
23
Explain the concept, role, and contributions of civil society, societies
and social movements to Philippine democracy
38
Explain the importance of active citizenship
52
Explain issues and programs related to political engagement and youth
Empowerment
60
iii
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND
GOVERNANCE
Name: ____________________________
Grade Level: __________
Section: ___________________________
Date: ________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE JUDICIARY
BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR LEARNERS
According to American Jurist Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. “the life of the law
has not been logic: it has been experience”. The felt necessities of time, the
prevalent moral and political theories, and intuitions of public policy even the
prejudices which judges share with their fellowmen, have had good deal more to do
than the syllogism in determining the rules by which men should be governed.
This of-quoted statement not only tells us that judges determine the rules to
be applied in resolving legal disputes (cases): it also states that judges are
influenced by the sentiments of the times, prevailing public policy, and even their
own biases. But these truths do not pertain only to judges who are but part of the
judicial department of the government called the judiciary. They also apply to justices
of the appellate courts, who are at the apex of that institution.
So why is there a need for the judiciary, reputed to be the weakest branch of the
government? Although a country maybe governed by laws, its citizens often find
themselves at odds with each other, or even with their own government. Such conflict is
brought by divergent and often clashing interests. These conflicting interests require
resolution; this is provided ideally by a neutral arbiter-the judge or the panel of justices. If
a case is brought before them, then these magistrates are bound to determine the rights
and responsibilities of the parties to the case. In a word, they render justice.
Under Article VIII, Sec.1, the judicial power is vested in “one Supreme Court
and in such lower courts as may be established by law.” This judicial power is
exercised through the judiciary’s primary role of adjudication, which includes the
“duty of the courts of justice to settle actual controversies involving rights which are
legally demandable and enforceable, and to determine whether or not there has
been a grave abuse of discretion amounting to lack or excess of jurisdiction on the
part of any branch or instrumentality of the government.”
The judiciary is the system of courts that interprets, defends and applies the
law in the name of the state. The judiciary can also be thought of as the mechanism
for the resolution of disputes. In many jurisdictions the judicial branch has the power
to change laws through the process of judicial review.
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times
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The Philippine Judiciary is a hierarchical organization consisting of four levels,
with the Supreme Court at the top tier exercising administrative supervision over all
courts and court personnel and wielding jurisdiction to “review, revise, reverse,
modify, or affirm on appeal or certiorari, as the law or the Rules of Court may
provide, final judgments or orders of lower courts” cases specified in Article VIII,
section 5(2) of the 1987 Constitution. Within each level, the courts are coordinate
and equal and do not enjoy review jurisdiction over each other’s decisions,
resolutions, writs, and processes. The third level courts are collegiate courts, working
in divisions of at least three Justices; the second and first level courts are singlejudge courts and are the trial courts and finders of fact at the first instanc
The Supreme Court
At the top tier of the judicial hierarchy is the Supreme Court. It is presided over by
a Chief Justice and is composed of 14 other Justices. The Court may adjudicate En
Banc or in divisions of three, five or seven Justices each. Currently, the Supreme Court
is organized into the En Banc and three divisions of five (5) Justices each.
Under the Constitution, it has supervision over the courts, judges, and court
personnel. Its members sit until retirement at age 70 or unless sooner removed by
reason of ill health, death or conviction after impeachment.
Decisions of the Court, whether sitting en banc or in division, are imbued with
authoritativeness and, unless reconsidered by the Court, are considered part of the
law of the land.
The Supreme Court has both original and appellate jurisdiction. It exercises
original jurisdiction (cases are directly filed with it in the first instance without first
passing through any of the lower courts) over cases affecting ambassadors, other
public ministers and consuls, and over petitions for certiorari, prohibition, mandamus,
quo warranto, and habeas corpus. (Art. VIII, §5(1)). It also has original jurisdiction
over writs of amparo, habeas data and the environmental writ of kalikasan. It
exercises appellate jurisdiction to review, revise, reverse, modify, or affirm final
judgments, and orders of the lower courts in:
(a) All cases in which the constitutionality or validity of any treaty, international or
executive agreement, law, presidential decree, proclamation, order, instruction,
ordinance, or regulation is in question.
(b) All cases involving the legality of any tax, impost, assessment, or toll, or any
penalty imposed in relation thereto.
(c)
All cases in which the jurisdiction of any lower court is in issue.
(d)
All criminal cases in which the penalty imposed is reclusion perpetua or higher.
(e) All cases in which only an error or question of law is involved. (Art. VIII, §5(1),
(2))
The Supreme Court has the power to promulgate rules concerning the protection and
enforcement of constitutional rights, pleading, practice, and procedure in all courts
(Constitution 1987, Art. VIII, Sec. 5[5]). These rules shall provide a simplified and
inexpensive procedure for the speedy disposition of cases, be uniform for all courts of
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the same grade, and shall not diminish, increase or modify substantive rights (Art.
VIII, Sec. 5[5]).
The Supreme Court, sitting En Banc, has administrative supervision over all
courts and the personnel thereof (Constitution 1987, Art. VIII, Sec. 6). Justices of the
third level courts and judges of the second and first level courts are appointed by the
President of the Philippines from a shortlist provided by the Judicial and Bar Council.
The Supreme Court can however assign temporarily judges of lower courts to other
stations as public interest may request. Such temporary assignment shall not exceed
six months without the consent of the judge concerned (Constitution 1987, Art. VIII,
Sec. 5[3]). The Supreme Court has supervision over the Judicial and Bar Council,
which has the principal function of recommending appointees to the judiciary. (Art.
VIII, Sec. 8[5]).The Supreme Court appoints all officials and employees of the
Judiciary in accordance with the Civil Service Law (Art. VIII, Sec. 5[6]). The Supreme
Court can also order a change of venue or place of trial to avoid a miscarriage of
justice (Constitution 1987, Art. VIII, Sec. 5[4]).
The Supreme Court En Banc has the power to discipline judges of all the lower
courts or order their dismissal by a vote of a majority of the members who actually took
part in the deliberation on the issue in the case and voted thereon (Constitution 1987,
Art. VIII, Sec. 11). The Supreme Court has supervision over the mandatory organization
of all lawyers, the Integrated Bar of the Philippines. (Art. VIII, Sec. 5[5]). It also has the
sole power to admit qualified candidates to the practice of law and has the power to
promulgate the rules necessary for that purpose (Art. VIII, Sec. 5[5]).
The Judiciary shall enjoy fiscal autonomy. Appropriations for the Judiciary may
not be reduced by the legislature below the amount appropriated for the previous year
and, after approval, shall be automatically and regularly released (Art. VIII, Sec. 3).
The Supreme Court is given the authority to promulgate rules concerning legal
assistance to the underprivileged (Art. VIII, Sec. 5[5]). This would be consistent with
the guarantee under Article III, section 11 that “(f)ree access to the courts and quasijudicial bodies and adequate legal assistance shall not be denied to any person by
reason of poverty.”
It also has the authority to disapprove the rules of procedures of quasi-judicial
bodies; existing rules of procedure shall remain effective however unless
disapproved by the Supreme Court (Art. VIII, Sec. 5[5]); Antonio v. Commission on
Elections; 373 Phil. 680 [1999]).
The Supreme Court, sitting En Banc, is the sole judge of all contests, relation
to the election, returns, and qualifications of the President or Vice-President and may
promulgate its rules for the purpose (Art. VII, Sec. 4). Faced with an appropriate
case, the Court En Banc sits as a Presidential Electoral Tribunal (PET).
The Senate and the House of Representatives shall each have an Electoral
Tribunal which shall be the sole judge of all contests relating to the elections, returns,
and qualifications of their respective Members. Each Electoral Tribunal shall be
composed of nine Members, three of whom shall be Justices of the Supreme Court to be
designated by the Chief Justice, and the remaining six shall be Members of the Senate
or the House of Representatives, as the case may be, who shall be chosen on the basis
of proportional representation from the political parties and the parties or
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organizations registered under the party-list system represented therein. The senior
Justice in the Electoral Tribunal shall be its Chair (Art. VI, Sec. 17).
The Court of Appeals
At the third tier of the hierarchy are three collegiate courts, one of which is the
Court of Appeals (CA). The CA is the primary appellate court of the Philippines,
exercising its powers, functions and duties through 23 divisions of three members
each. It sits in three stations--the City of Manila, Cebu and Cagayan de Oro. The
CA’s 18th, 19th, and 20th Divisions comprise the CA Visayas Station and are located
in Cebu City, while its 21st, 22nd, and 23rd Divisions comprise the CA Mindanao
Station and are based in Cagayan de Oro City. The first 17 Stations are located in
the City of Manila.
The CA is assigned to review cases elevated to it from the Regional Trial
Courts (RTCs) as well as quasi-judicial agencies such as the Civil Service
Commission, Securities and Exchange Commission, National Labor Relations
Commission, and the Land Registration Authority. The CA also reviews cases where
the sentence is reclusion perpetua or life imprisonment, as well as decisions of the
Office of the Ombudsman in administrative disciplinary cases. The CA is a collegial
court and sits en banc only to exercise administrative, ceremonial or other nonadjudicatory functions. Being an appellate court, it resolves cases based on the
record of the proceedings from the trial court; in certain cases, however, the CA also
conducts hearings and receives evidence such as, for instance, in applications for
the writ of Amparo or Habeas Data, whether in the exercise of original jurisdiction or
on remand from the Supreme Court.
The CA also has the original and exclusive jurisdiction to issue freeze orders
over any monetary instrument or property under the Anti-Money Laundering Act of
2001 or RA 9160. It is also the court with original and exclusive jurisdiction to allow
surveillance and monitoring of communications under the Human Security Act of
2007 or RA 9372.
Also at the third tier are two special courts, the Sandiganbayan and the Court
of Tax Appeals, which, like the CA are collegial courts. But unlike the CA, both have
very specific jurisdictions.
The Court of Tax Appeals
The Court of Tax Appeals is a special collegiate court composed of a
Presiding Justice and eight Associate Justices; it may sit en banc or in three
divisions of three Justices each. RA 9282, which took effect on March 30, 2004, has
elevated the status of the CTA to that of the Court of Appeals.
The CTA has exclusive jurisdiction to review on appeal decisions in cases
involving disputed assessments, refunds of internal revenue taxes, fees, or other
charges, penalties in relation thereto, or other matters arising under the National
Internal Revenue Code. It also exercises original jurisdiction over all criminal
offenses arising from violations of the Tax or Tariff Codes and other laws
administered by the Bureau of Internal Revenue or the Bureau of Customs.
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The Sandiganbayan
The Sandiganbayan is an anti-graft court that has jurisdiction to try public
officers with a salary grade of 27 and above (including any co-accused who are
private persons) charged with criminal cases involving violation of the country’s laws
on graft and corruption, particularly RA 3019, as amended, otherwise known as the
Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act, and corresponding civil cases for recovery of
civil liability arising from the offense. Likewise, the Sandiganbayan is vested with
appellate jurisdiction over final judgments, resolutions or orders of the RTC whether
in the exercise of their original or appellate jurisdiction over crimes and civil cases
falling within the original exclusive jurisdiction of the Sandiganbayan but which were
committed by public officers below Salary Grade 27.
Private individuals can be tried in cases before the Sandiganbayan if they are
alleged to be in conspiracy with the public officer. The decisions of the
Sandiganbayan are directly appealable to the Supreme Court.
Prior to April 16, 2015, the Sandiganbayan was composed of a Presiding
Justice and 14 Associate Justices who sit in five divisions of three Justices each. On
April 16, 2015, Republic Act No. 10660, “An Act Strengthening the Functional and
Structural Organization of the Sandiganbayan,” expanding the Sandiganbayan and
enabling it to speed up disposition of high-profile cases was passed by Congress
and signed into law by the President.
Under RA 10660, the appointment of six additional justices comprising two
additional divisions are provided. With the operation of RA 10660, there are now 21
Sandiganbayan justices sitting in seven divisions of three members each (Section 1
of RA 10660).
The Trial Courts of the First and Second Level
In the first tier are the Courts of the First Level consisting of the Metropolitan
Trial Courts (MeTCs), which are established in Metropolitan Manila; the Municipal
Trial Courts in Cities (MTCCs), in every city which does not form part of Metropolitan
Manila; the Municipal Trial Courts (MTCs), established in each of the other cities or
municipalities; and Municipal Circuit Trial Courts (MTCCs), created in each circuit
comprising such cities and/or municipalities as grouped by law.
At the same level are the Shari’a Circuit Courts (SCC). Shari’a Courts have
been established in Islamic regions and provinces to interpret and apply the Code of
Muslim Personal Laws (under Presidential Decree No. 1083). Their decisions are
appealable to the Shari’a Appellate Court which, however, has yet to be organized.
The second tier consists of the Regional Trial Courts (RTCs) established in
each of the thirteen (13) regions in the Philippines. Each RTC may be composed of a
single sala or of several branches. RTCs have both original and appellate
jurisdiction. In exercising the former jurisdiction, RTCs act as trial courts receiving
evidence in the first instance from the parties to a case falling within its jurisdiction; in
exercising the latter jurisdiction, the RTCs act as a court of appeal over the decisions
of the Courts of the First Level.
Also on the same level are the Shari’a District Courts (SDC), whose decisions
are appealable to the still-to-be organized Shari’a Appellate Court. Pending such
organization, SDC Decisions are reviewed by the Supreme Court through the special
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civil action of certiorari under Rule 65 if the issue is one of jurisdiction or through a
petition for review on certiorari by way of appeal under Rule 45 of the Rules of Court.
LEARNING COMPETENCY
Analyze the roles and responsibilities of the Philippine Judiciary (Quarter 1,
Week 11)
Learning Activity 1. LET’S WEIGH IN!
Direction. Analyze carefully the picture and answer the questions opposite it.
(5 points each)
1. What do you see in the picture and
what does it symbolize?
____________________________
2. What does the picture means?
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________
Learning Activity 2. GETTING TO KNOW EACH OTHER!
Directions. The Philippine Judiciary comprised of the different courts. Understanding
fully the descriptions given in each item, match it from the given categories inside the
box.
a. Supreme Court
g. Shari’a Circuit Courts
b. Sandiganbayan
h. Municipal Trial Courts
c. Court of Appeals
i. Metropolitan Trial Courts
d. Court of Tax Appeals
j. Municipal Circuit Trial Courts
e. Regional Trial Courts
k. Metropolitan Trial Courts in Cities
f. Shari’a District Courts
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___1. The highest court which exercise administrative supervision over all courts
and the personnel of the judiciary.
___2. The second highest judicial court which reviews the decisions and orders of
the Regional Trial Courts nationwide
___3. The court that covers only one municipality which hear and decide cases
involving violations of municipal ordinances; offenses punishable with imprisonment
not exceeding six years, including violations of the Bouncing Checks Law; Cadastral
and land registration assigned by the Supreme Court
___4. The court which hear and decide cases involving violations of municipal
ordinances; offenses punishable with imprisonment not exceeding six years,
including violations of the Bouncing Checks Law; Cadastral and land registration
assigned by the Supreme Court that covers two or more municipalities.
___5. It has the power to promulgate rules concerning the protection and enforcement of
constitutional rights, pleading, practice and procedure in all courts, the admission to the
practice of law, the integrated bar, and legal assistance to the underprivileged and
review rules of procedure of special courts and quasi-judicial bodies.
___6. Courts in cities outside Metro Manila Area which hear and decide cases
involving violations of city ordinances; offenses punishable with imprisonment not
exceeding six years, including violations of the Bouncing Checks Law; Cadastral and
land registration assigned by the Supreme Court
___7. These are municipal trial courts in the towns and cities in the Metro Manila
Area which hear and decide cases involving violations of city/municipal ordinances;
offenses punishable with imprisonment not exceeding six years, including violations
of the Bouncing Checks Law; Cadastral and land registration assigned by the
Supreme Court.
___8. Equivalent to Municipal Trial Court which were established in certain specified
provinces in Mindanao where the Code of the Muslim Personal Laws of the
Philippines is being enforced.
___9. It tries and decides criminal and civil cases against government officials and
employees accused of graft and corruption and similar other cases.
___10. Equivalent to Regional Trial Court in rank which were established in certain
specified provinces in Mindanao where the Code of the Muslim Personal Laws of the
Philippines is being enforced.
___11. It has jurisdiction over matters involving criminal violation and collection
revenues under the National Internal Revenue Code and Tariff and Custos Code.
___12. It exercises exclusive original jurisdiction in all criminal cases not within the
jurisdiction of any court or tribunal or body except those now falling under the
exclusive and concurrent jurisdiction of the Sandiganbayan.
Learning Activity 3. FILL ME UP WITH YOUR LOVE!
Direction. Based from the descriptions given in Activity #2, rearrange the different
categories of courts to form the hierarchical structure of the Judiciary.
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Court of Appeals
Regional Trial Court
MUNICIPAL T/C
MCTC
Shari’a Circuit Court
Sandiganbayan
METROPOLITAN T/C
Court of Tax Appeals
MTCC
Shari’a District Court
Supreme Court
Aside from the different courts, there are also administrative agencies that are
empowered to decide legal disputes by the laws creating them. They are thus called
quasi-judicial bodies, and what they conduct is called qausi-judicial proceedings.
Basically, quasi-judicial proceedings involve (a) taking and evaluating evidence (b)
determining facts based upon the evidence presented and (c) rendering an order or
decision supported by the facts proved.
Learning Activity 4 LETS GET LOUD!
Direction. Inside the box, make a caricature depicting the judiciary as a dispenser of
justice and vanguard of individual rights.
(A caricature is a picture, description, or imitation of a person in which certain striking
characteristics are exaggerated in order to create a comic or grotesque effect.)
Example:
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REFLECTION
•
I learned that ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
•
I enjoyed most on _______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
•
I want to learn more _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
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RUBRIC FOR SCORING
Rubric in Grading the Caricature
REFERENCES:
BOOK:
Ramos R. E., 2016. Philippine Politics and Governance, Vibal Publishing, Inc.
pp108-119
WEBSITES:
Slideshare.net/kaorumatsaburabuttercup/judicial-branch-of-the-philippines
Chanrobles.com/article8.htm
https://cacj-ajp.org/web/philippines/the-judicial-branch
https://www.google.com/search?q=what+is+a+caricature&oq=wha+is+a+caricature&
aqs=chrome.1.69i57j0i13i457j0i13l6.11333j1j4&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://www.google.com/search?q=rubrics+for+essay&sxsrf=ALeKk02rlOTUIM6FhQ
_CinmFD36j6ko_Q:1590408034882&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=PePzooRvqI_joM%253A
%252CFacNfOZ1HuzhQM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_kRz9vXOoFWiG7BTM3mqXwhn-KbcBg&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiC3t3PNote: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times
10
87pAhWCHXAKHc7EAuAQ_h0wAXoECA0QBA&biw=1366&bih=635#imgrc=IPZQ0
CGCqUr57M
https://www.slideshare.net/melaikhalye/editorial-cartoonrubric
https://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/432185.Oliver_Wendell_Holmes_Jr_
Answer Key
Activity 1 answers vary
Activity 2
1. a
2. c
3. h
4. j
5. a
6. k
7. i
8. g
9. b
10. f
11. d
12. e
Activity 3
Supreme Court
Court of Appeals
Sandiganbayan
Regional Trial Court
MUNICIPAL T/C
MCTC
METROPOLITAN T/C
Court of Tax Appeals
Shari’a District Court
MTCC
Shari’a Circuit Court
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Activity 4 – Answers may vary
Prepared by:
NOR MAR LUBO CABADDU
Writer
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PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND
GOVERNANCE
Name: ____________________________
Grade Level: __________
Section: ___________________________
Date: ________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
ROLES AND FUNCTIONS OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNIT
BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR LEARNERS
The existence of local government has always been defended on the basis
that is a crucial aspect of the process of the democratization and intensification of
mass participation in the decision-making process. No political system is considered
complete and democratic if it does not have a system of local government.
Local government is a part of the whole government of a nation or state which
is administered by authorities subordinate to the state authority, but elected
independently of control by the state authority by qualified persons resident, or
having property in certain localities, which localities have formed by communities
having common interests and common history.
Local government provides public amenities and services which are
necessary for the convenience, healthful living and welfare of the individual and the
community. Breaking down of municipal services means the entire dislocation of
social and economic life of the community.
Local government is responsible for:
•
•
The function of and delivery of a complete range of services and
infrastructure required by their individual communities
Parks and gardens, roads, streets, bridges, libraries and swimming
pool maintenance.
Local government units include provinces, cities, municipalities, barangays,
and other political subdivisions created by law. Each unit is created based on
income, population, and land area, and may be abolished base on the same criteria.
Hierarchical relations put the province over the municipalities and component cities
within the provincial boundaries. At the base of this hierarchy are the barangays.
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Elected local government officials have three-year terms. Local officials are
entitled to three consecutive terms.
•
•
•
Each local government unit has a set of executive and legislative officials
At the provincial level: Governor, Vice-Governor and the members of
the Sangguniang Panlalawigan
At the municipal/ city level: Mayor, Vice-Mayor and members of the
Council (the Sangguniang Bayan and Sangguniang Panlungsod)
The provincial governor is the chief executive of the provincial government.
He shall exercise general supervision and control over all programs, projects,
services and activities of the provincial government. The presiding officer of the
Sangguniang Panlalawigan and sign all warrants drawn on the provincial treasury for
all expenditures appropriated for the operation of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan.
Depending on the type of government structure, the key leader that oversees
all department within the local government is the mayor, administrator or similar
community leader. The right- hand individual to the administrator is the municipal
clerk. The Vice-Mayor is the presiding officer of the Sangguniang Bayan, while the
Sangguniang Bayan is the legislative body of the municipal body. Punong barangay
is the chief executive of the barangay government.
The levels of the Local Government in the Philippines are:
1. Provinces – intermediate unit is providing supervision to the municipalities and
component cities and under it and performing services for the national
government.
2. Cities and Municipalities – basic units of the local government delivering
services for the people who live together in a community.
3. Barangays – sub-municipal unit, which provides for face-to-face interaction
among the people.
LEARNING COMPETENCY
Explain the roles and functions of Local Government Unit (LGU) (Quarter 2,
Week 12).
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LEARNING ACTIVITY 1. FIT ME IN
The following are Local Officials. Identify the appropriate level of Local
Government Unit where they belong. Write your answers on the space
provided.
1. Governor
2. Municipal Mayor
3. City Mayor
4. Vice Governor
5. Barangay Captain
6. Sanguniang Bayan
7. Board Members
8. City Councillors
9. Barangay Kagawad
10. Vice Mayor
_________________
_________________
_________________
_________________
_________________
_________________
_________________
_________________
_________________
_________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY 2. Beyond the Wall
Interview a local government official in your place. Inquire about his/her
functions, programs and projects that he/she is currently conducting, and
his/her future agenda/projects for his/her area of jurisdiction (i.e.,
barangay, city, and town.) Make a narrative report about your interview.
Note: Observe proper health protocols: Wear face mask, face shield and
observe social distancing in the conduct of the interview.
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15
LEARNING ACTIVITY 3. Photo Essay
Write a short essay identifying the possible action of the local
government unit depicted on the photo below.
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LEARNING ACTIVITY 4. Biographical Sketch
Write a brief description of your Punong barangay that made him a
notable Barangay leader in your community.
MY PUNONG BARANGAY
Attached
Picture of
your Punong
Barangay
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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RUBRIC FOR SCORING
Activity 2
20
15
10
5
INTRODUCTION Well-developed
introduction
engages the
reader and
creates
CONCLUSION
interest.
Contains
detailed
background
information.
Topic clearly
states a
significant and
compelling
position.
Conclusion
effectively
wraps up and
goes beyond
Introduction
creates
interest. Topic
clearly states
the position.
Conclusion
effectively
summarizes
topics
Introduction
adequately
explains the
background,
but may lack
detail. Topic
states the
position.
Conclusion is
recognizable
and ties up
almost all loose
ends.
Background
details are
random
collection of
information,
unclear or not
related to the
topic. Topic is
vague or
unclear.
Conclusion
does not
summarize
main points.
MAIN POINTS
Three or more
main points are
related to the
topic, but one
may lack
details. The
narrative shows
events from the
author’s point
of view using
some details.
Three or more
main points are
present. The
narrative shows
the events, but
may lack
details.
Less than three
main points,
and/or poor
development of
ideas. The
narrative is
undeveloped,
and tells rather
than shows, the
story.
Logical
progression of
ideas.
Transitions are
Organization is
clear,
No discernable
organizations.
Well-developed
main points
directly related
to the topic.
Supporting
examples are
concrete and
detailed. The
narrative is
developed with
a consistent
and effective
point-of-view,
showing the
story in detail.
ORGANIZATION Logical
progression of
ideas with a
clear structure
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times
18
that enhances
the topic.
Transitions are
mature and
graceful.
present equally
throughout.
transitions are
present.
Transitions are
not present.
Activity 3
Criteria
Objectives
Knowledge
Interpretation
Awesome
20
A Good Effort
15
Makes a
complete and
detailed
description of
the subject
matter and/or
elements seen
in the
photograph.
Provides a
complete
summary of
the situation
and time
period shown,
and the
people and
objects that
appear
Forms a
reasonable
hypothesis
about what is
viewed in the
photograph
and is able to
support this
with some
evidence from
the
photograph
Makes a
detailed
description of
most of the
subject matter
and/or
elements seen
in the
photograph.
Provides a
somewhat
complete
summary of the
situation and
time period
shown, and the
people and
objects that
appear
Forms a
somewhat
reasonable
hypothesis
about what is
viewed in the
photograph
and is able to
support this
with some
evidence from
the photograph
A Work in
Progress
10
Makes a
Detailed
description of
some of the
subject matter
and/or elements
seen in the
photograph
Beginning
5
Descriptions
are not
detailed or
complete
Provides some
summary about
the situation and
time period
shown, and the
people and
objects that
appear.
Summary is
not detailed
or complete.
Relates how the
photograph
makes him/her
feel personally
Finds it
difficult to
interpret the
meaning of
the
photograph.
4
1
Activity 4
10
INTRODUCTION
Well-developed
introduction
7
Introduction
creates
Introduction
adequately
Background
details are
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times
19
engages the
reader and
creates
interest.
Contains
detailed
background
information.
Topic clearly
states a
significant and
compelling
position.
Conclusion
effectively
wraps up and
goes beyond
interest. Topic
clearly states
the position.
Conclusion
effectively
summarizes
topics
explains the
background,
but may lack
detail. Topic
states the
position.
Conclusion is
recognizable
and ties up
almost all loose
ends.
random
collection of
information,
unclear or not
related to the
topic. Topic is
vague or
unclear.
Conclusion
does not
summarize
main points.
Well-developed
main points
directly related
to the topic.
Supporting
examples are
concrete and
detailed. The
narrative is
developed with
a consistent
and effective
point-of-view,
showing the
story in detail.
Three or more
main points are
related to the
topic, but one
may lack
details. The
narrative shows
events from the
author’s point
of view using
some details.
Three or more
main points are
present. The
narrative shows
the events, but
may lack
details.
Less than three
main points,
and/or poor
development of
ideas. The
narrative is
undeveloped,
and tells rather
than shows, the
story.
ORGANIZATION Logical
progression of
ideas with a
clear structure
that enhances
the topic.
Transitions are
mature and
graceful.
Logical
progression of
ideas.
Transitions are
present equally
throughout.
Organization is
clear,
transitions are
present.
No discernable
organizations.
Transitions are
not present.
CONCLUSION
MAIN POINTS
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times
20
REFLECTION
•
I learned that ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
•
I enjoyed most on _______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
•
I want to learn more _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
REFERENCES
BOOK
Philippine Politics And Governance by: R.A. Pawilen , Reidan M. Pawilen Rex
BookStore ,pp: 68 – 72
WEBSITE
https://www.google.com/search?q=nangangalakal+ng+basura&tbm=isch&ved=2ahU
KEwj9opyxtc7pAhULBJQKHc4rCz0Q2cCegQIABAA&oq=NANGANGALAKA&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgBMgIIADICCAAyBAg
AEBgyBggAEAoQGDIECAAQGDoCCCk6BAgAEENQhaoDWJv4A2CqjwRoCHAAe
ACAAaMCiAGTHpIBBjAuMTMuOJgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1nsAEE&sclient
=img&ei=vGnLXv3UGIuI0ATO16zoAw&bih=657&biw=1366#imgrc=KjCsqB6MWkbD
UM
en.m.wikipedia.org.
www.slideshare.net>jobitonio>rol...
ANSWER KEY
Activity 1:
1. Province
2. Municipality
3. City
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21
4. Province
5. Barangay
6. Municipality
7. Province
8. City
9. Barangay
10. Municipality
Activity 2: Answer may vary
Activity 3: Answer may vary
Activity 4: Answer may vary
Prepared by:
OLGA DAGGAO – PREZA
Teacher Writer
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times
22
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND
GOVERNANCE
Name: ____________________________
Grade Level: __________
Section: ___________________________
Date: ________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
SUFFRAGE, ELECTION, AND POLITICAL PARTIES
BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR LEARNERS
All political parties, organizations, and all people should abide by the
constitution and laws without any exemption. They must all act in accordance with
the constitution and laws. I see as that as defining feature of modern political system
development.
Suffrage may be exercised by all citizens of the Philippines not otherwise
disqualified by law, who are at least eighteen years of age, and who shall have
resided in the Philippines for at least one year and in the place wherein they purpose
to vote for at least six months immediately preceding the election.
Suffrage is the right and obligation of qualified Filipino citizen to vote in the
national and local elections and in the decision of public question submitted to them.
Suffrage is merely a privilege to be given to the citizen by the law making
power subject to constitutional limitations. As a right confined by the constitution,
suffrage is classified as a political right, such as election, enabling every citizen to
participate in the process of government to assure that it derive its power from the
consent of the governed.
What are the Scopes of Suffrage?
1. Election. It is the means by which the people choose their officials for
definite and fixed periods and to whom they entrust, for the time being as their
representatives, the exercise of powers of government.
2. Initiative. The power of the people to propose amendments to the
Constitution or to propose and enact legislation.
3. Referendum. Is the power of the electorate to approve or reject legislation
through an election called for the purpose.
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23
4. Plebiscite. It is the name given to a popular vote of the people expressing
their view within their choice for or against a proposed law submitted to them.
5. Recall. It is method by which a public officer may be removed from office
during his tenure or before the expiration of his term by a vote of the people after
registration of a petition signed by a required percentage of the qualified voter.
What are the Qualifications of Voters?
He must be:
1. A citizen (male or female) of the Philippines;
2. Not otherwise disqualified by law;
3. At least eighteen (18) years of age; and
4. Have resided in the Philippines for at least one (1) year and in the place
wherein he proposes to vote for at least six (6) months preceding the election.
Who are disqualified to Vote?
As to who are disqualified to vote, the law enumerate them as follows:
1. Any person who has been sentenced by final judgment to suffer
imprisonment for not less than one (1) year, such disability not having been removed
by plenary pardon or granted amnesty. But such person shall automatically reacquire
the right to vote upon the expiration of five (5) years after service of sentence;
2. Any person who has been adjudged by final judgment by competent court
of tribunal of having committed any crime involving disloyalty to the duly constituted
government such as rebellion, sedition or any crime against national security, unless
restored to his full civil and political rights in accordance with law. Such person shall
likewise automatically regain his right to vote upon expiration of five (5) years after
service of sentence; and
3. Insane or incompetent persons as declared by competent authority. This
person is not qualified to vote even if they have the necessary qualifications.
Section 2. The Congress shall provide a system for securing the secrecy and
sanctity of the ballot as system for absentee voting by qualified Filipinos abroad.
The Congress shall also design a procedure for the disabled and the
illiterates to vote without the assistance of other persons. Until then, they shall
be allowed to vote under existing laws and such rules as the Commission on
Elections (COMELEC) may promulgate to protect the secrecy of the ballot.
The Congress is directed by the constitution to provide a system for securing
the secrecy and sanctity of the ballot.
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24
The sanctity of the electoral process requires secrecy of the vote. Congress
will have to enact a law prescribing procedures that will enable the disabled and the
illiterates to secretly cast their ballots without requiring the assistance of the other
persons, to prevent them from being manipulated by unscrupulous politicians.
Section 2 extends the right of suffrage even to Filipinos abroad provided they
possess all the qualifications mentioned therein and none of the disqualification
provided by law.
Party system referred to as the interactions of parties with each other (Roskin
et. al., 2012). The party is not equated to parties because a party system is seen as
macro perspective whereas parties are micro perspective just focusing on the
particular party. It could be said that the life of political party system depends upon
the kind of party system it has. It describes a relatively sound system of political party
and voter alignments, electoral rules, and political priorities that dominate a
Democratic political syatem’s electoral process for some delimited period.
Classification of Party System
1. The two-party system. This is the system wherein the major political parties
alternates with each other in exercise of political power.
2. The multi-party system. More than two political parties fight an election, and
no single party gets the majority control of power.
Parties may become identified as either “leftist”, “rightist”, or “center” parties
depending upon the tendency of the political views.
1. Leftist party – is the reform-minded party which seeks to change the
existing conditions of the country.
2. Rightist party – is a conservative group which aims to maintain the status
quo in the country.
3. Center party – adopted policies which are a mixture of both left and right
tendencies.
3. The one-party system. Only one political party holds power either because
it towers above the others or because it suppresses all other groups.
Note: The only choices left to voters are
1. to decide whether or not to vote
2. to vote “yes” or “no” for the designated candidate
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times
25
Functions of Party System
1. Organize the competition
2. Unify the electorate
3. Inspire and inform voters
4. Translate preferences into policy
5. Provide loyal opposition
6. Organize government
7. Help govern
8. Act as watchdogs
9. Nominate candidates
10. Ensure candidate quality
Political Party
➢
➢
➢
➢
➢
An organization that seeks political power by electing people to office so
that its positions and philosophy become public policy.
A political organization that aims to attain and maintain political power
within government, usually by participating in electoral campaign.
It is an organization the mobilize voters on behalf of a joint set of interests,
concerns, and goals.
It is any aggrupation of persons who come together on how well the best
interest of the people might be served.
It is any group providing label upon which candidates run for public
offices.
Heywood (2002) in Aceron (2002), for his part, provides the following list of
functions that political parties must perform:
1. Representation – the capacity to respond and to articulate the views of
both members and voters.
2. Elite Formation and Recruitment – the ability to mold the politicsl elite to
tasked to govern the body politic.
3. Goal Formation – the development of programs of government with a view
of attracting popular support.
4. Interest Articulation and Aggregation – the task of combining and
harmonizing different demands and expressing them into coherent policy formulation.
5. Socialization and Mobilization – the formation of a national agenda and
the creation of public discourse to raise political awareness and built the necessary
values and attitudes that would constitute a larger political culture.
Electoral System in the Philippines
Elections in the Philippines are of several types. The president, vice-president,
and the senators are elected for a six-year term, while the members of the House of
Representatives, governors, vice-governors, members of the Sangguniang
Panlalawigan (provincial board members), mayors, vice-mayors, members of the
Sangguniang Panlungsod/members of the Sangguniang Bayan (city/municipal
councilors), barangay officials, and the members of the Sangguniang Kabataan are
elected to serve for a three-year term.
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times
26
Congress has two chambers. The House of Representatives has 304 seats as
of 2019, of which 80% are contested in single seat electoral districts and 20% are
allotted to party-lists according to a modified Hare quota with remainders disregarded
and a three-seat cap. These party list seats are only accessible to marginalized and
under-represented groups and parties, local parties, and sectoral wings of major
parties that represent the marginalized. The Constitution of the Philippines allows the
House of Representatives to have more than 250 members by statute without a need
for a constitutional amendment. The Senate has 24 members who are elected on a
nationwide at-large basis; they do not represent any geographical district. Half of the
Senate is renewed every three years.
The Philippines has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no
one party normally has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with
each other to form a coalition government. The Commission on Elections
(COMELEC) is responsible for running the elections.
Under the Constitution, elections for the members of Congress and local
positions (except barangay officials) occur every second Monday of every third year
after May 1992, and presidential and vice presidential elections occur every second
Monday of May every sixth year after May 1992. All elected officials, except those at the
barangay level, start (and end) their terms of office on 30 June of the election year.
This lesson focuses on suffrage and political parties as political practices in
State. Political parties and elections play a vital role in poltical analysis in developed
and developing countries in analyzing democratization and democratic political
regimes.
Explore and engage yourself on the different activities prepared from this
learning activity sheet.
LEARNING COMPETENCY
Analyze the nature of elections and political parties in the Philippines (Quarter
2, Week 13).
LEARNING ACTIVITY 1–I WRITE IT!
Political Campaign Slogan
Think of political slogan. Make it creative and humorous. It should not
be more than 10 words.
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27
LEARNING ACTIVITY 2 - I THINK OF IT!
Essay
Answer the following question with brevity and clarity.
1. Everyone should have the right to vote. Agree or Disagree. Explain.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
2. How do campaigns and elections enable choice and opportunities
for participation?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY 3–I DRAW OR CUT IT!
Political Comic Strip
Draw a political comic strip or cut out pictures illustrating
political activities during election campaign.
Comic strip is a sequence of drawings in boxes that tell an amusing
story, typically printed in a newspaper or comic book.
How to create a comic strip?
1. Step 1: Write your ideas for your comic. A comic strip is no different
from writing a short story.
2. Step 2: Draw the three-frames.
3. Step 3: Use basic shapes to draw.
4. Step 4: Add in the speech and lettering.
5. Step 5: Add detail to your cartoon.
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28
6. Step 6: Go over your comic in pen.
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times
29
LEARNING ACTIVITY 4 - I COMPOSE IT!
Political Campaign Jingle
Compose a political jingle. The song should not be exceeding three
(3)minutes. It should be an original composition. Submit the
composition online or via messenger.
Title of the Song: _____________________________
Composition:________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY 5 - I CAN DO IT! (ASSESSMENT)
IDENTIFY ME!
Read the statement carefully. Identify the term that is described. Write
your answer on your answer sheet.
________________1. It is referred to as the interactions of parties with each
other.
________________2. Means by which people choose their officials
________________3. A method by which an elective local official may be
removed from office during his term.
________________4. It is the right and obligation to vote of qualified citizens
in the election of public officers.
________________5. It is any group providing label upon which candidates run
for public offices.
________________6. The capacity to respond and to articulate the views of
both members and voters.
________________7. Those declared as insane or incompetent person.
________________8. Is the vote of the people expressing their choice for or
against a proposed law submitted to them.
________________9. Only one political party holds power either because it
towers above the others or because it suppresses all other groups.
________________10. Is a conservative group which aims to maintain the
status quo in the country.
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times
30
RUBRIC FOR SCORING
Activity 1
Criteria for judging/scoring:
Creativity
20 %
Neatness
15 %
Relevance to the theme
35 %
Originality
15 %
Uniqueness
15 %
Total
100%
Activity 2
Excellent
Very Good
Average
5
4
3
Needs
Improvement
2
This paper is
clear and
focused. It holds
the reader's
attention.
Relevant details
and quotes enrich
the central theme.
This paper is
mostly focused,
and has some
good details and
quotes.
The writer is
beginning to define
the topic, even
though
development is still
basic or general.
Topic is not welldefined and/or
there are too many
topics.
The organization
enhances and
showcases the
central idea or
theme. The order,
Organization
structure of
information is
compelling and
moves the reader
through the text.
Paper (and
paragraphs) are
mostly
organized, in
order, and
makes sense to
the reader.
The organizational
structure is strong
enough to move
the reader through
the text without too
much confusion.
Sentences within
paragraphs make
sense, but the
order of
paragraphs does
not.
Ideas
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31
Sentence
Fluency
The writing has
an easy flow,
rhythm, and
cadence.
Sentences are
well built, with
strong and varied
structure that
invites expressive
oral reading.
The writing
mostly flows, and
usually invites
oral reading.
Activity 3
Rubric for Scoring in Comic Strip:
4
Creativity
Theme
Characters
and Dialogue
Landscape
and Props
The text hums
along with a
steady beat, but
tends to be more
businesslike than
musical, more
mechanical than
fluid.
3
2
The text seems
choppy and is not
easy to read orally.
1
The pictures and
captions reflect
an exceptional
degree of student
creativity. There
is great attention
to detail.
All but 1 of the
pictures and
captions reflect
an exceptional
degree of student
creativity.
All but 2 of the
pictures and
captions reflect
an exceptional
degree of
student
creativity.
More than 2 of
the pictures and
captions reflect
little degree of
student creativity
All 6 panels relate
to the theme.
Only 5 panels
relate to the
theme.
Only 4 panels
relate to the
theme.
Less than 4
panels relate to
the theme.
The main
characters are
clearly identified,
and their actions
and dialogue are
well-matched to
each other.
The main
characters are
clearly identified,
and their actions
and dialogue
match most of the
time.
The main
characters are
identified but not
well developed
and their actions
and dialogue are
too general.
It is hard to tell
who the main
characters are.
Landscape and
props are directly
related to the
theme or purpose
of the comic and
enhance
understanding of
the scene.
Landscape and
props are directly
related to the
theme or purpose
of the comic.
Landscape and
props are
generally related
to the theme or
purpose of the
comic.
Landscape and
props seem
randomly chosen
or distract the
reader.
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times
32
Rubric for Scoring in Cutout Pictures:
4
3
2
1
Variety of
Pictures
Excellent variety
of pictures used
Good variety of
pictures used to
Adequate variety
of pictures used
Limited variety of
pictures used to
- used to
develop main
ideas
to develop the
main idea
develop the main
idea
to develop the
main idea
develop the main
idea
Ideas
Many original
Several original
Some original
Few original
- originality
ideas in material
and display are
evident and
stimulate a great
deal of interest
ideas in material
and display are
evident and
stimulate a great
deal of interest
ideas in material
and display are
evident and
stimulate a great
deal of interest
ideas in material
and display are
evident and
stimulate a great
deal of interest
Relevance of
Material
Material selected
is all relevant and
Material selected
is mostly relevant
Material selected
is relevant and
Little material
selected is
- connected to
main idea
clearly connected
to the main idea
and connected to
the main idea
somewhat
connected to the
main idea
relevant and
rarely connected
to the main idea
Visual Impact
Overall visual
Overall visual
Overall visual
Overall visual
- effectiveness
of overall
presentation
impact is limited
impact is
somewhat
effective
impact is
effective
impact is very
effective
- interest
Activity 4
COMPOSITION
70%
(Originality, clarity of message, language and phrasing)
RELEVANCE TO THE THEME
30%
100%
TOTAL
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33
REFLECTION
•
I learned that ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
•
I enjoyed most on _______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
•
I want to learn more _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
REFERENCES:
BOOK:
Tabajen, Rhene C., and Pulma, Erlinda B., Philippine Politics and Governance, JFS
Publishing Services, Unit 9005 Central Park Condominium 2, 168 D. Jorge
Street, Pasay City, Philippines: 2016
Rivas, Dionisio C., and Nael, Michael M. Politics, Governance and the Philippine
Constitution. Rex Book Store, 856 Nicanor Reyes, Sr. St. 1977 C. M. Recto
Avenue, Manila, Philippines. 2010
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times
34
WEBSITES:
Mendoza, C. Suffrage and
Election.https://www.slideshare.net/crtnymendoza/suffrage-and-election.
Published on February 25, 2016
Mantiza, M. B. Suffrage of the Electoral
System.https://www.slideshare.net/BESPF1/suffrage-19962433. Published on
April 25, 20213
Marty the Wizard. How to Write a Comic Strip in 6
Steps.https://www.imagineforest.com/blog/how-to-create-a-comic-strip/. April 29,
2018
Vector Illustration .Boy Compose song. Stock clip art gg101870695GoGraph.https://www.google.com/search?q=cartoon+image+of+composing+a+song
&rlz=1C1CHBD_enPH778PH778&sxsrf=ALeKk01rMzpKGWEV01e7oPGL4UtkMRfBA:1590814776885&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj6
s7ft5trpAhUlzYsBHYYjCwAQ_AUoAXoECAwQAw&biw=1366&bih=608#imgrc=u1BT
FljXx9d2RM
Elections in the
Philippines.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elections_in_the_Philippines. November
22, 2020
ANSWER KEY:
Activity 1 – Answer may vary
Activity 2 – Answer may vary
Activity 3 – Answer may vary
Activity 4 – Answer may vary
Activity 5
1.Party System
2.Election
3.Recall
4.Suffrage
5.Political Party
6. Representation
7. Persons disqualified to vote
8. Plebiscite
9. One-party System
10. Rightist Party
Prepared by:
FRANCISCO A. RECOBO, JR.
Writer
Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times
35
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND
GOVERNANCE
Name: ____________________________
Grade Level: __________
Section: ___________________________
Date: ________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
CIVIL SOCIETY AND SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR LEARNERS
The Unite Nations (UN) define “Civil Society” as the “third sector” of society,
along with government and business. It also includes relevant organizations like nongovernment organizations. These civil society organizations are viewed by the state as
partners in improving the standard living of citizens with their own set of goals and
ideals. Also, the World Health Organization (WHO) claims that civil society is seen as
social sphere separated from both the state and the market. WHO further reports that
the increasingly accepted understanding of the term civil society organizations (CSOs) is
that of non-state, not-for-profit but voluntary organizations formed by people.
The basis for civil society in the Philippines comes from the Filipino concepts
of pakikipagkapwa (holistic interaction with others) and kapwa (shared inner self).
Voluntary assistance or charity connotes for Filipinos an equal status between the
provider of assistance and the recipient, which is embodied in the terms damayan
(assistance of peers in periods of crisis) and pagtutulungan (mutual self-help). The
Western notion of kawanggawa (charity) may have been introduced to the
Philippines by Catholic missionaries.
The 1987 Constitution of the Philippines, forged and shaped in the aftermath
of the 1986 People Power Revolution, clearly recognizes participation and
empowerment, including the important role of CSOs. This may be seen in several
provisions of the Constitution, most prominently in the following:
Article II, Section 23: “The State shall encourage non-governmental,
community-based, or sector organizations that promote the welfare of the nation.”
Article XIII, Section 15: “The State shall respect the role of independent
people’s organizations to enable the people to pursue and protect, within the
democratic framework, their legitimate and collective interests and aspirations
through peaceful and lawful means.
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Article XIII, Section 16: “The right of the people and their organizations to
effective and reasonable participation at all levels of social, political and economic
decision-making shall not be abridged. The State shall, by law, facilitate the
establishment of adequate consultation mechanisms.”
According to Tocqueville, civil society plays a role as a key player in the
decentralization of governance and democratic governance. This activity not only to
society but the country also is based on the institutions of democracy and the process
on the country. Civil society is seen as supporting structure in terms of democratizing the
country. According to Robert Putnam, that the role of civil society is closely related to
social capital, that is through norms and networks to enhance the quality of life, which
both can build trust and reciprocity in achieving goals with actions collective.
Furthermore, according to Cox, the civil society is seen as an arena to fight for
and construct an alternative mode of democracy, in accordance with the needs of
particular social classes in exclusion. The relationship between civil society and
democracy the more complex when civil society functioning as a giver of influence on
institutions and governance at the country level, where decentralized power,
resources, and local authorities or institutions non-state deliberated to dominate
politics. Civil society does have a role in making a change in the country, especially
in a democracy.
The movement was undertaken by the civil society generally to establish a
democracy by way of making the transition to democracy, the consolidation of
democracy. This looks at the characteristics of civil society can contribute to the
political situation in a country, for example, monitor the Government, negotiate in
shaping the new Constitution and so on. Democracy gives its own strengths to the
development of civil society in a country, and provide the consequences, i.e., an
arena of power, inequality, camps, conflict, and cooperation among competing
identities and interests.
Civil society can maintain or establish a democracy in a country that is based on its
function, namely:
1. Democracy will run well if there are groups of people who control the
Government, civil society always monitor how public officials in power, using its
strength in making policy, demanding the freedom of access to information laws or
regulations such as the eradication of corruption.
2. Civil society can expose events that exist within the Government, lobbying to
reform the existing policy. Democracies make their role more effectively.
3. Civil society may encourage the life of Westernization in everyday life, such as
tolerance, moderation, compromise, and respect for differences of opinion. Without
such attitudes, then democracy will not run stable.
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4. Civil society can promote democratic political participation with the fight for their rights
as citizens, aspires at the voice, solving together and argue about public issues.
5. Civil society can provide the education of democracy, with the cultivation of the
values, concepts, along with training that relates to democracy.
6. Civil society acts as an arena to express, lobbying, which can then be
strengthened democracy because of the formation of new interests and form
solidarity so that democracy can be stable.
7. Civil society can provide information and monitor the elections as well as the
resolution of a conflict. Some of these functions can make democracies can be
effective and legitimate, because of the positive relationship between civil society
and democracy.
Social Movements can be thought of as organized yet informal social entities
that are engaged in an extra-institutional conflict that is oriented towards a goal which
can be concrete and narrow policy or aimed at cultural change (EBSCO Research
Starters, 2009). Furthermore, Social movements are broad alliances of people who are
connected through their shared interest in social change. Social movements can
advocate for a particular social change, but they can also organize to oppose a social
change that is being advocated by another entity. These movements do not have to be
formally organized to be considered social movements. Different alliances can work
separately for common causes and still be considered a social movement.
Tilly (1978) outline a four-stage process of social movement. In the
preliminary stage, people become aware of an issue, and leaders emerge. This is
followed by the coalescence stage when people join together and organize in order
to publicize the issue and raise awareness. In the institutionalization stage, the
movement no longer requires grassroots volunteerism: it is an established
organization, typically with a paid staff. When people fall away and adopt a new
movement, the movement successfully brings about the change it sought, or when
people no longer take the issue seriously, the movement falls into the decline stage.
Social movements are purposeful, organized groups, either with the goal of
pushing toward change, giving political voice to those without it, or gathering for
some other common purpose. Social movements intersect with environmental
changes, technological innovations, and other external factors to create social
change. There are a myriad of catalysts that create social movements, and the
reasons that people join are as varied as the participants themselves. Sociologists
look at both the macro-and micro analytical reasons that social movements occur,
take root, and ultimately succeed or fail.
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Role of Civil Society towards Philippine Democracy
Civil society in the Philippines cannot put his position on democratization,
though the movement is more courageous. However, the fragmented civil society
because of the differences of different interests. Civil society formed by two streams
democracy, namely the power elite and the political power, has more free space. The
fundamental strength of democracy of civil society in the Philippines discovered by
basic Alliance of workers and peasants.
The community banded together to build their strength. Civil society in the
Philippines can make a transformation of democracy from formal democracy into
substantive democracy, in order to increase transparency in Government. In fact, the
activities of civil society in the Philippines are infected by the pervasive patron-client
system, which they are ostensibly dedicated to subverting.
Even when a new institutional process that would benefit NGOs (such as the
party-list elections) “appears on the horizon, it is distorted by a Congress dominated by
traditional politicians. Democratization, still incomplete, is no such process. Issues
addressed by civil society in the Philippines island reform. There are so many forms of
civil society in the Philippines, i.e. free independent media; community-based social
activism; politically sensitized parts of Catholic Church; alternative politics to Marcos
Party; armed underground. For example, Bagong Alyansang Makabayan (Bayan) was
created in 1985 by more than 1,000 mass organizations. It fights for national and social
liberation against imperialism, feudalism, and bureaucrat capitalism.
Bayan fights for the nationalistic and democratic needs of the people through
legal and militant forms of struggle, and, though it does not participate in the armed
struggle. National Secretariat of Social Action-Justice and Peace (NASSA), was
created by the Catholic Bishops’ Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) in 1966. It
focuses on poverty alleviation, democratic governance, ecology and integrity of
creation, peace, and development.
LEARNING COMPETENCY
Explain the concept, role, and contributions of civil society, societies and
social movements to Philippine democracy (Quarter 2, Week 14).
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LEARNING ACTIVITY 1 “Pic Ko, Comment Mo”
Based from the picture given, identify if it is a part of civil society or social
movements. After which, give your comment.
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY 2 “What’s in the hashtag game”
Using the following hashtags, describe how civil society organizations and
social movements contribute to Philippine society and in particular to
keeping alive the democracy. Write your answer on the space provided.
Example:
#OrganisasyonParaSaKalikasan
-Ang pamahalaan ng bansa sa pamamagitan Saligatang Batas ng 1987 ay
naglalayong mapreserba at mapaunlad ang paggamit at pagkansumo ng mga likas
na yaman na kung saan ay matatamasa rin ito ng mga susunod na henerasyon..
Ang mga organisasyong naglalayong maisakatuparan ang mithiing ito ng batas, ay
may mahalagang gampanin sa ika-uunlad ng bansa. Sa pamamagitan ng mga
organisasyong para sa kalikasan, makakamtan ang pagunlad sa trabaho dahil sa
turismo, sapat na produksiyon para sa pagkain at iba pa.
#OrganisasyonParaSaTunayNaPagbabago
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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#OrganisasyongParaSaMahihirap
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
#OrganisasyongTutulongSaEdukasyonNgKabataangPilipino
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY 3 “Buhay NGO Game”
Identify one Non-Government Organization (NGO) in your municipality
or barangay. Enumerate its programs/projects and its benefits to the
community. Cite particular hardships/challenges it encountered and how
they were able to overcome it.
Example:
Name of the Non-government
organization(NGO)
Green Thumbs Organization
(Programs/Projects Implemented)
-Kwentong Edukalidad sa panahon ng
pandemya
-Mass tree planting revolution
-GreenThumbsConcertForaCAuse
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Effects of the
Programs/Projects Implemented
-Deserving students with poor economic
condition were given free tablets and cash
prizes to cope with the online class amidst the
pandemic
-Free face shields and face masks were
provided for all the frontliners in the municipality
-Establishment of organic farming in an adopted
barangay for better agriculture
Challenges encountered in
-Available funds
implementing their program/project -Human Resources
-Active responses and involvement of the youth
leaders and members.
Way/s on addressing the challenges -Effective Communication with stakeholders and
local officials
encountered in implementing their
program/project.
-More youth-centered programs and projects
-Spirit of collaboration and unity
-Affiliations with other organizations with similar
goals
Name of the Non-government
organization(NGO)
(Programs/Projects Implemented)
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Effects of the Programs/Projects
Implemented
Challenges encountered in
implementing their
program/project
Way/s on addressing the
challenges encountered in
implementing their
program/project.
LEARNING ACTIVITY 4 “My CSO Dream”
If you were given a chance to start a civil society organization or social
movement in your own municipality or barangay what would it be? What
programs/projects would you implement? How will it be able to help your
municipality or barangay? Use the template below for your answer.
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Example:
Name of the Civil Society
Organization or Social Movement
The Intellectual Society Organization
Programs/Projects of the
Civil Society Organization
-Researches that may be used by local
government officials in establishing policies and
projects.
Or Social Movement
-Investigatory research projects that will the
local government I promoting local products and
the creation of tools that are relevant in times of
calamities such as survival bags and localized
flood detectors.
-Free tutorial service for out-of-school youths
Name of the Civil Society
Organization
Or Social Movement
Program/Projects of the Civil
Society Organization
Or Social Movement
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Significance of the Civil Society
Organization
or Social Movement to the
community
RUBRIC FOR SCORING
Excellent
5
This paper is
clear and
focused. It holds
the reader's
Ideas
attention.
Relevant details
and quotes enrich
the central theme.
The organization
enhances and
showcases the
central idea or
theme. The order,
Organization
structure of
information is
compelling and
moves the reader
through the text.
The writing has
an easy flow,
Sentence
rhythm, and
Fluency
cadence.
Sentences are
well built, with
Very Good
4
This paper is
mostly focused,
and has some
good details and
quotes.
Average
3
Needs
Improvement
2
The writer is
Topic is not wellbeginning to define defined and/or
the topic, even
there are too many
though
topics.
development is still
basic or general.
Paper (and
paragraphs) are
mostly
organized, in
order, and
makes sense to
the reader.
The organizational
structure is strong
enough to move
the reader through
the text without too
much confusion.
Sentences within
paragraphs make
sense, but the
order of
paragraphs does
not.
The writing
mostly flows, and
usually invites
oral reading.
The text hums
along with a
steady beat, but
tends to be more
businesslike than
musical, more
The text seems
choppy and is not
easy to read orally.
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strong and varied
structure that
invites expressive
oral reading.
mechanical than
fluid.
REFLECTION
•
I learned that ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
•
I enjoyed most on _______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
•
I want to learn more _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
REFERENCES:
BOOKS
Tilly, Charles. 1978. From Mobilization to Revolution. New York: McgrawHill College.
Tabajen, R. and Pulma, E. (2016). Philippine Politics and Governance. Civil
Society and Social Movement. Chapter 11.
WEBSITES
Asian Development Bank-Civil Soceity Briefs. (2011). Retrieved from
https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/30174/csb-phi.pdf.
Lumen
Learning – Introduction to Sociology. (2010). Retrieved from
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/sociology/chapter/social-movements/
Philippine Agriculture and Resources Researches Foundation, Inc. (2018). Retrieved
fromfindglocal.com/PH/Los-Ba%C3%B1os/262953280706643/PhilippineAgriculture-and-Resources-Research-Foundation%2C-Inc.---PARRFI
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Putri, Alya .(2018). A Relationship Between Civil Society and Democracy. Retrieved
from
https://medium.com/@alyadjunas19/a-relationship-between-civil-society-anddemocracy-the-case-of-philippines-and-indonesia-bef28d606939
Shaw, Kendra. (2020). What is the Role of Civil Society? Retrieved from
https://www.missionbox.com/article/418/social-change-whats-the-role-of-civilsociety
ANSWER KEY:
All activities – Answer may vary
Prepared by:
ARVEE M. BUTAC
Teacher/Writer
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48
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND
GOVERNANCE
Name: ____________________________
Grade Level: __________
Section: ___________________________
Date: ________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
CITIZENSHIP
BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR LEARNERS
Citizenship is a term denoting membership of a citizen in a political society
which membership implies, equally, a duty of allegiance or loyalty on the part of the
members and duty of protection on the part of the state.
Citizen is a person having the title of citizenship. He is a member of a
democratic community who enjoys full civil and political rights and is accorded
protection inside and outside the territory of the State.
From the point of view of International law, Citizenship do not exactly mean
the same as Nationality. Nationality can only be applied to the country where an
individual has been born. Citizenship is a legal status which means that an individual
has been registered with the government of any given country. Nationality is got
through inheritance from parents. Citizenship is granted when an individual is
accepted into that country's political framework through legal means. No one is able
to change their nationality but one can have different citizenship.
THE 1987 CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES ARTICLE
IV- CITIZENSHIP
Section 1. The following are citizens of the Philippines:
[1] Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the adoption of this
Constitution;
[2] Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the Philippines;
[3] Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who elect
Philippine citizenship upon reaching the age of majority; and
[4] Those who are naturalized in accordance with law.
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DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF A FILIPINO CITIZEN
The prime duty of the government is for its citizens to serve and protect in turn it
shall be the obligations of the entire citizen to do their duties and responsibilities as
Filipino citizens of the country as listed below:
1.Defend our country from enemies and invaders.
2.Pay his/her taxes willingly and promptly.
3.Be loyal to our country.
4.Take care and conserve our natural resources.
5.Help our country for growth and development.
6.Keep our surroundings clean.
7.Study well and become a productive individual.
8.Obey the laws and maintain peace and order in the community.
9.Preserve the Filipino culture and identity.
10.Participate actively n various government programs.
11.Vote wisely and chose candidates who can serve the people and our country.
12.Respect the rights of others
Active Citizenship is used to describe citizens that engage in a broad range
of activities that promote and sustain democracy. Active citizenship usually refers to
participation that requires respect for others and that does not contravene human
rights and democracy. This additional element is used to highlight that participation
per se can lead to or be a part of nondemocratic activities that can create harm to
certain social groups. These actions include civil society activities such as protesting
and collecting petitions, and Community activities such as volunteering, and
conventional political engagement such as voting or campaigning for elections.
Examples of active citizens
Voting for elections
Learn the law of your community
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Be a volunteer in one of the
Organizations in the Philippines
Participate in the Barangay clean-up drive
LEARNING COMPETENCY
Explain the importance of Active citizenship (Quarter 1, Week 15).
LEARNING ACTIVITY 1 – ANALOGY ORGANIZER
Based on your understanding on the difference between nationality and
citizenship, complete the data needed in the Analogy Organizer
Diagram. Write your answer in each of the boxes.
NATIONALITY
CITIZENSHIP
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51
LEARNING ACTIVITY 2 – BECOMING A FILIPINO CITIZEN!
Answer the following questions based on your understanding.
1. How does someone become a citizen of the Philippines?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2. What are the roles and rights of a citizen?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY 3 – I VOLUNTEER!
Re
Using the pictures below, answer the question based on your
understanding.
1. What do you think are the benefits of volunteering in community
activities? Would you like to serve as volunteer to a certain community
program/project/activity why or why not?
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52
LEARNING ACTIVITY 4 –WALL OF CHANGE!
Make a collage about the things you would like to change in the
Philippines.
RUBRIC FOR SCORING
Criteria
Variety of
pictures
used to
develop main
idea
2
3
4
5
limited
variety of
pictures used
adequate
variety of
pictures used
good variety
of pictures
used to
excellent
variety of
pictures used
to develop the
to develop the
develop the
to develop the
main idea
main idea
main idea
main idea
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Ideas
originality
interest
Relevance of
material
connected to
main idea
Visual Impact
effectiveness
of overall
presentation
few original
ideas in
material or
display are
evident to
stimulate
interest
some original
ideas in
material or
display are
evident to
stimulated
some interest
several
original ideas
in material or
display are
evident to
stimulate
much interest
many original
ideas in
material and
display are
evident and
stimulate a
great deal of
interest
little material
selected is
relevant and
some material
selected is
relevant and
material
selected is
mostly
material
selected is all
relevant and
rarely
connected to
the main idea
somewhat
connected to
the main idea
relevant and
connected to
the main idea
clearly
connected to
the main idea
overall visual
impact is
overall visual
impact is
overall visual
impact is
overall visual
impact is very
limited
somewhat
effective
effective
effective
REFLECTION
•
I learned that ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
•
I enjoyed most on _______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
•
I want to learn more _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
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54
REFERENCES:
BOOK:
Tabajen, R. & Pulma, E. (2016). Philippine Politics and Governance, 121-126
WEBSITES:
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/constitutions/the-1987-constitution-of-the-republic-ofthe-philippines/the-1987-constitution-of-the-republic-of-the-philippines-article-iv/
Nosko, A. & Szeger, K. (2013),
https://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/voices/active-citizenship-can-change-yourcountry-better
ANSWER KEY:
Activity 1:
1. Nationality can only be applied to the country where an individual has been
born. Citizenship is a legal status which means that an individual has been
registered with the government of any given country. Nationality is got through
inheritance from parents.
2. Citizenship is granted when an individual is accepted into that country's
political framework through legal means.
Activity 2: Becoming a Fiipino Citizen1. The following are citizens of the Philippines
• Those who are citizens of the Philippines at the time of the adoption of
this Constitution;
• Those whose fathers or mothers are citizens of the Philippines;
• Those born before January 17, 1973, of Filipino mothers, who elect
Philippine citizenship upon reaching the age of majority; and
• Those who are naturalized in accordance with law.
2. Answers may vary
Activity 3: I VOLUNTEER- Answers may vary
Activity 4: WALL OF CHANGE- Answers may vary
Prepared by:
MARIA JAMILLA R. PUA
Writer
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55
PHILIPPINE POLITICS AND
GOVERNANCE
Name: ____________________________
Grade Level: __________
Section: ___________________________
Date: ________________
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET
INTEGRATION AND YOUTH EMPOWERMENT
BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR LEARNERS
“The youth is the hope of our Fatherland”. It is one of the most famous line
uttered by Dr. Jose P. Rizal, our National Hero pertaining to his belief about the
youth and its importance to the country.
Section 13, Article II of the 1987 Constitution provides the constitutional basis
for youth empowerment. This provision acknowledges the crucial part of the youth in
nation building.
As the Philippine government upholds its constitutional mandate, several laws
and programs are implemented to ensure youth empowerment. These includes but
not limited to (1) the establishment of the National Youth Commission (NYC), and (2)
the implementation of Sangguniang Kabataan (SK).
NATIONAL YOUTH COMMISSION
The National Youth Commission (NYC) was established by virtue of Republic Act
No. 8044, otherwise known as the “Youth in Nation Building Act of 1995”. Section 6 of
the Act provides that the NYC shall be the policy-making coordinating body of all youthrelated institutions, programs, projects and activities of the government.
Its objective includes to provide the leadership in the formulation of policies
and in the setting of priorities and direction of all youth promotion and development
programs and activities; to encourage wide and active participation of the youth in all
governmental and non-governmental programs, projects and activities affecting
them; to harness and develop the full potential of the youth as partners in nationbuilding; and to supplement government appropriations for youth promotion and
development with funds from other sources as stipulated in Section 8.
In 2017 as part of its mandate, the NYC formulated the Philippine Youth
Development Plan for 2017 – 2022. The PYDP 2017-2022 seeks to enable, ensure
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56
and promote the youth’s active, meaningful, and holistic participation in society in the
nine centers which have emerged from national and regional consultations: Health,
Social inclusion & equity, Active citizenship, Education, Peace-building & security,
Environment, Economic empowerment, Governance, Global mobility. It expounds on
these nine centers using the 8Cs of participation: categories, centers, clusters,
conditions, consequences, considerations, contexts, and cues.
By the end of 2022, it envisions Filipino youth are healthy, educated, patriotic,
globally mobile, and active in government and civil society. They live in a peaceful,
secure, and socially-inclusive society where there is respect for and equality across
genders, faiths, and cultures. They engage in gainful economic activity across
various locales and sectors and they have access, use, and transform technology,
information, and services for the betterment of the society.
Youth Development Program under the National Youth Commission
1. National Youth Parliament (NYP)
Under Section 13 of Republic Act No. 8044, convening of youth
parliament should be made upon the call of the NYC thus the conduct of the
National Youth Parliament. The NYP is a 3-day convention of youth leaders
every two years wherein policy recommendations are formulated to address
youth issues. These recommendations may also serve as the government’s
guide in policy formulation and program development.
2. The Ship for Southeast Asian and Japanese Youth Program (SSEAYP)
It is a program based on the respective joint statements issued in
January 1974 between the ASEAN Member countries (Republic of Indonesia,
Malaysia. Republic of the Philippines, Republic of Singapore, and Kingdom of
Thailand) and Japan. It aims to promote friendship and mutual understanding
among the youth of Japan and the ten Southeast Asian countries. It also
seeks to broaden the perspective on the world and to strengthen their spirit of
international cooperation and practical skills for international collaboration.
3. Youth Organizations’ Registration Program (YORP)
The NYC as part of its mandate shall register, help and facilitate the
establishment of Youth Organizations and Youth Serving Organizations in order
to foster cooperation among organizations in order to establish up relationship
with the youth and facilitate a more active participation in its programs.
4. Ten Accomplished Youth Organizations (TAYO)
The Ten Accomplished Youth Organizations (TAYO) is an annual search
conducted to identify and recognize outstanding organizations and its exemplary
programs for the contributions made for the progress of our society.
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57
5. Local Youth Development Program
Local Youth Development Program is responsible for the formulation of
policies and implementation of youth development programs at the
city/municipal level in coordination with various government and nongovernmental organizations.
6. Mindanao 2020
"Mindanao 2020" is the new banner Peace and Development Advocacy
Program of the National Youth Commission. It is a comprehensive advocacytraining program on the culture of peace, human rights and the indigenous
peoples. It aims to advance the promotion of peace, racial and cultural
tolerance, respect for the environment, rights of children, youth, women and
the indigenous peoples.
7. Abot-Alam National Program for Out-of-School Youth
Abot-Alam is a program which seeks to help community-based youth
particularly out-of-school youth (OSY) through opportunities for education,
possible career and employment.
8. Straw Desk (Students’ Rights and Welfare Desk)
The STRAW Desk program aims to aid in the policy formulation and
development of the Students’ Rights and Welfare, promote and advocate
STRAW among stakeholders, primarily the students, school administrators
and teachers, and relevant government agencies, and pilot a mechanism for
the processing of complaints pertaining to STRAW concerns and violations.
ISSUES AND CONCERNS
Issues and concerns which serve as the main bases for PYDP 2017-2022
was based on the National Youth Assessment Study (NYAS) 2015 which provides
the latest data on the youth’s conditions, perceptions, attitudes and behaviors. These
includes issues on Health, Social inclusion & equity, Active citizenship, Education,
Peace-building & security, Environment, Economic empowerment, Governance,
Global mobility. The NYAS2015 offered significant insights about the issues and
concern that Filipino youth encounters however, there remains significant limitations
on its coverage, particularly in terms of active citizenship, environment, global
mobility and security.
SANGGUNIANG KABATAAN (SK)
Through the Local Government Code of 1991 (Republic Act 7160), young
people are provided with the opportunity to directly participate in local governance
particularly barangay affairs with the creation of Sangguniang Kabataan(SK) and
Katipunan ng Kabataan (KK) in each barangay composed of all youth aged 15 to 21Note: Practice Personal Hygiene Protocols at all times
58
year-olds residing for not less than six months and is duly registered in the official list of
sangguniang kabataan. In 1995, with the passage of R.A. 8044, that created the
National Youth Commission, the secretariat functions of SK were transferred to the NYC
which in effect replaced Presidential Council for Youth Affairs (PCYA). In 2002, the age
bracket for KK membership was changed, through R.A. 9164, from 15 to 21 years old to
15 to 17 years old. Due to many challenges and call for abolition, SK Reform Act of 2015
(R.A. 10742) was passed into law. It aims to reinforce the role of youth participation in
nation-building making them into better citizens with internalized values of patriotism,
nationalism, and honor as a Filipino. The new law renews SK with various significant
reforms such as age scope expansion (must be 15 to 30 years old to become members
of Katipunan ng Kabataan and 18 – 24 years old to qualify for elective and appointed
positions), anti-political dynasty provision (If seeking appointed or elective positions,
candidates must not be related within the second civil degree of consanguinity or affinity
to any incumbent elected national official or to any incumbent elected regional,
provincial, city, municipal, or barangay official, in the locality where he or she seeks to be
elected), (3) financial independence (Ten percent (10%) of the general fund of the
barangay shall be set aside for the Sangguniang Kabataan.), provision for the
establishment of the Local Youth Development Council (LYDC) and the Local Youth
Development Office (LYDO), and (5) Mandatory and continuing training of SK officials
and mandatory celebration of Linggo ng Kabataan.
LEARNING COMPETENCY
Explain issues and programs related to political engagement and youth
empowerment (Quarter 2, Week 16)
LEARNING ACTIVITY 1 – POWER ME UP
Using the box below cite/give situations where you feel powerful and
powerless. On the left side, you will give a situation that has made you
feel powerful. On the right side, give a situation that has made you feel
powerless. After which give a brief explanation about why you feel
powerful and powerless in those situations.
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I felt powerful because
I felt powerless because
LEARNING ACTIVITY 2 – I WILL SURVIVE
Based on the poster below, how are you going to rank the
issues/concerns of youth in the Philippines according to its impact on
your life? Give a brief explanation on why you came up with the said
ranking. Use the table below for your answer
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Issues/ Concerns According to
Its Rank
Reasons
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
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LEARNING ACTIVITY 3 – MY VOICE MATTERS
Part of the reform implemented by R.A. 10742 (SK Reform Act of 2015)
is on anti-political dynasty as shown below. What is your stand in the
said reform? Are you in favor or not? Explain your stand in 10 – 15
sentences.
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LEARNING ACTIVITY 4 – IF I MAY
If you were given a chance to implement a program for the Katipunan
ng Kabataan to be sponsored by your Sangguniang Kabataan leaders,
what program would it be? How will the program able to help your
fellow youth? Use the template below for your answer. An example is
provided after the template.
Program/Project Title
__________________________________________________________
Description:
__________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Reason for Implementing the Program
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
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Example
Program/Project Title
PROJECT
P- agtatanim
I - sagawa
T – ulong sa
A – urora at
K – alikasan
Description:
PROJECT PITAK aims to plant 50 trees yearly in the river banks of
Magat River (under the municipality of Aurora, Isabela) as a manifestation
of its support and commitment in the clean and green program of the
Provincial Government of Isabela particularly Project RIPARIAN as well
as the Municipality of Aurora.
Reason for Implementing the Program
1. Aurora particularly barangays Villa Fugu and Panecien are situated
along one of the major river system in Isabela, the Magat River.
2. Planting of trees along the river banks of Magat would help in preventing
degradation of soil and siltation that causes the river to become shallow.
3. It would help prevent flashfloods and hazardous flooding in the
barangays situated along Magat River.
4. Planting of trees along the river banks of Magat would help improve
the air quality and reduce pollution.
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RUBRIC FOR SCORING
Activity 1
Category
Outstanding
(4)
Satisfactory
(3)
Needs
Improvement
(2)
Unsatisfactory (1)
Content
Content is
comprehensive
, accurate, and
persuasive.
- Content is
very clear.
Content is
accurate and
persuasive.
- Content is
clear.
Content is not
comprehensive
and.
Content is
incomplete and
are not clear
Category
Outstanding
(4)
Satisfactory
(3)
Needs
Improvement
(2)
Unsatisfactory (1)
Completion
Fully
Completed the
task.
Partially
completed the
task
Barely
completed the
task
Did not complete
the task
Content
Content is
comprehensive
, accurate, and
persuasive.
Reasons are
well explained,
timely and
address topic.
- Content is
very clear.
Content is
accurate and
persuasive.
- Responses
are adequate
and address
topic.
- Content is
clear.
Content is not
comprehensive.
Responses are
inadequate or
do not address
topic.
Content is
incomplete and
reasons are not
clear
Activity 2
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66
Activity 3
Category
Outstanding
(4)
Satisfactory
(3)
Needs
Improvement
(2)
Unsatisfactory (1)
Completion
Fully
Completed the
task.
Partially
completed the
task
Barely
completed the
task
Did not complete
the task
Content &
- Content is
Development complete,
accurate, and
persuasive.
- Major points
are stated
clearly and are
well supported.
- Responses
are excellent,
timely and
address topic.
- Content is
clear.
-Specific
examples are
used.
- Content is
accurate and
persuasive.
- Major points
are stated.
- Responses
are adequate
and address
topic.
- Content is
clear.
-Specific
examples are
used.
- Content is not
complete and
/or persuasive.
- Major points
are addressed,
but not well
supported.
- Responses are
inadequate or
do not address
topic.
-Specific
examples do not
support topic.
- Content is
incomplete.
- Major points are
not clear.
-Specific examples
are not used.
Organization
- Structure is
mostly clear
and easy to
follow.
- Transitions
are present.
- Structure is not
easy to follow.
- Transitions
need
improvement.
- Organization and
structure detract
from the message.
- Writing lacks
transition of
thoughts.
-Structure is
clear and easy
to follow.
- Transitions
are logical and
maintain the
flow of thought
throughout the
paper.
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67
Viability
100%
possibility of
the project to
be
implemented
85% possibility
of the project to
be
implemented
70% possibility
of the project to
be implemented
55% possibility of
the project to be
implemented
Category
Outstanding
(4)
Satisfactory
(3)
Needs
Improvement
(2)
Unsatisfactory (1)
Content &
Development
- Content is
complete,
accurate, and
persuasive.
- Major points
are stated
clearly and are
well supported.
- Responses
are excellent,
timely and
address topic.
- Content is
clear.
-Specific
examples are
used.
- Content is
accurate and
persuasive.
- Major points
are stated.
- Responses
are adequate
and address
topic.
- Content is
clear.
-Specific
examples are
used.
- Content is not
complete and
/or persuasive.
- Major points
are addressed,
but not well
supported.
- Responses are
inadequate or
do not address
topic.
-Specific
examples do not
support topic.
- Content is
incomplete.
- Major points are
not clear.
-Specific examples
are not used.
Organization
& Structure
-Structure of
the essay is
clear and easy
to follow.
- Transitions
are logical and
maintain the
flow of thought
throughout the
paper.
- Structure is
mostly clear
and easy to
follow.
- Transitions
are present.
- Structure of
the essay is not
easy to follow.
- Transitions
need
improvement.
- Organization and
structure detract
from the message.
- Writing lacks
transition of
thoughts.
Activity 4
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Grammar,
Punctuation
& Spelling
- Rules of
grammar,
usage, and
punctuation are
followed;
spelling is
correct.
- Rules of
grammar,
usage, and
punctuation are
followed with
minor errors.
Spelling is
correct.
- Paper contains
few
grammatical,
punctuation and
spelling errors.
- Paper contains
numerous
grammatical,
punctuation, and
spelling errors.
REFLECTION
•
I learned that ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
•
I enjoyed most on _______________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
•
I want to learn more _____________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
REFERENCES:
BOOK:
Melegrito, Ma. Lourdes F. and. Mendoza, Diana J. Politics Without Borders: Philippine
Politics and Governance, Phoenix Publishing House, Quezon City: 2016
Ramos, Renan E. Philippine Politics and Governance, Vibal Group, Inc., Quezon City:
2016
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69
WEBSITES:
Rayos,J. (2020, May 25). Alamin Ang Reporma Sa SK!.Balikas
Online.http://www.balikas.net/alamin-ang-reporma-sa-sk/
National Youth Commission. (2020, May 25).Philippine Youth Development Plan
(PYDP) 2017-2022. National Youth Commission. http://nyc.gov.ph/
National Youth Commission. (2020, May 25).Youth Development Programs. National
Youth Commission .http://nyc.xeozone.net/all-programs/
ANSWER KEY:
Activity 1:
Answers may vary
Activity 2
Answers may vary
Activity 3
Answers may vary
Activity 4
Answers may vary
Prepared by:
JASMIN I. LAPPAY
Teacher/Writer
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