Sampling Techniques
Population is the entirety of the group including all the members that forms a set of data.
Sample contains a few members of the population. They were taken to represent the characteristics or
traits of the whole population.
I.
Probability Sampling
- Every member of the population has the chance of being selected. It involves principle or
randomized or chance.
Basic Types of Probability Sampling
1. Simple Random Sampling
- Random distribution
- Also known as the “fishbowl method”
- Applicable to small population
- No patterns involve
- Process of picking the participants is unbiased
2. Systematic Sampling
is a type of probability sampling method in which sample members from a larger population
are selected according to a random starting point but with a fixed, periodic interval.
- Example: picking students with ID numbers that starts with “3”
- Many patterns involve
3. Stratified Random Sampling
- Dividing the population into groups or “strata”
- There can be equal representation and proportional representation
- Grouping with common characteristics
- the strata are formed based on members' shared attributes or characteristics such as income
or educational attainment.
4. Cluster Sampling
- Also divides the population into groups, but only focuses on getting respondents in one of the
groups
- Preferably used in a larger population
II.
Non-probability Sampling
- Not every member of the population has the equal chance of being selected. It can rely on
the subjective judgement of the researcher.
- The researcher has more control
Basic Types of Non-probability Sampling
1. Convenience Sampling
- Selecting a sample based on the availability of the member and/or proximity of the researcher
- Also known as accidental, opportunity, or grab sampling
- Usually used when the researcher has limited time or resources
2. Purposive Sampling
- Samples are chosen based on the goals of the study. They may be chosen based on their
knowledge of the study being conducted or if they satisfy the traits or conditions set by the
researcher.
3. Quota Sampling
- Proportion of the groups in the population were considered in the number and selection of
the respondents.
- Much like the stratified sampling, but the researcher has control to whom to pick among the
groups
4. Snowball Sampling
- Participants in the study were tasked to recruit other member for the study