‫ٱﻟر ِﺣ ِﯾم‬
‫ٱﻟر ۡﺣ َﻣ ٰـ ِن ﱠ‬
‫ِﺑ ۡﺳ ِم ٱ�ِ ﱠ‬
Madd Chapter
Questions P.27/28 Booklet 2
1. Compare the following Mudood with regards to their definition, obligation
and duration:
(a)
Definition
Obligation
Duration
Madd Al-Badal
Madd Ash-Shabeeh Bil Badal
It is a subordinate madd due It is a subordinate madd due to
to hamzah.
hamzah.
It is where the madd letter is
preceded by a hamzah in the
same word, and there is no
hamzah or sukoon after the
madd letter.
It is where the madd letter is
preceded by a hamzah in the
same word, and there is no
hamzah or sukoon after the
madd letter.
The original word contained
two hamzahs, the first one
with a haraqah and the
second one with a sukoon.
The second Hamzah was
exchanged for a letter of Madd
corresponding to the haraqah
of the first Hamza.
The letter of Madd was not
originally a Hamzah. The final
presentation is the same as
Madd Badal, hence the name.
e.g.
e.g.
‫ ءءدم‬ ‫ءادم‬
‫ ءءﻣﺎن‬ ‫ءﯾﻣﺎن‬
‫ ءءﺗوا‬ ‫أوﺗوا‬
‫ﻟﯾﺋوس‬
‫اﻟظﻣﺋﺎن‬
‫وﺑﺎءوا‬
Jaaiz
2 counts
Jaaiz
2 counts
1
(b)
Definition
Madd Al-Muttasil
Madd Al-Munfasil
It is a subordinate madd due to It is a subordinate madd due
hamzah.
to hamzah.
It is where the Madd letter is
followed by a hamzah in one
word. The hamzah can be
found in the middle or at the end
of the word.
e.g.
ۡ‫َﺟﺎ ٓ َء ۡﺗ ُﮩم‬
‫ﺷﺎ ٓ ُء‬
َ َ‫ﯾ‬
It is where the Madd letter is
followed by a hamzah in two
separate words. The madd
letter is the last letter in the
first word, and the hamzah is
the first letter in the second
word.
e.g.
‫ﺑِ َﻣﺎ ٓ َءاﺗ َ ٰﯩ ُﮭ ُم‬
There are two types of Madd
Munfasil:
Haqeeqi
and
Hukmi.
The Haqeeqi is where the
Madd letter is written and
pronounced. e.g ۡ‫َﻣﺎ ٓ أَﻧﺗ ُم‬
The Huqmi is where the
Madd is pronounced but not
written.
e.g.
‫ﯾَ ٰـٓﺄَﯾﱡ َﮩﺎ‬
‫َھ ٰـٓؤ َُﻻ ِٓء‬
ۡ‫َھ ٰـٓﺄَﻧﺗ ُم‬
Obligation
Duration
Waajib
Jaaiz
4 or 5 counts in Waqf and Wasl 4 or 5 counts
When the hamzah is at the end
of the word and we are stopping
on that word, the options are: 4
or 5 counts (Waajib) or 6 (Jaaiz)
2
(c)
Definition
Madd As-Silah Al-Kubra
It is a subordinate madd due to
Ha
Al-Kinayah
appearing
between two mutaharek letters,
where the second one is a
hamzah.
Madd As-Silah As-Sughraa
It is a Tabee’ee madd due to
Ha Al-Kinayah appearing
between two
mutaharek
letters, where the second one
is not a hamzah.
It only occurs in Wasl. The
haraqah of Ha Al-Kinayah is
connected to either a Madd ‫و‬
madd ‫ي‬.
It only occurs in Wasl. The
haraqah of Ha Al-Kinayah is
connected to either a
Madd ‫ و‬madd ‫ي‬.
e.g.
e.g.
‫َوﺑَ ۡﯾﻧَﮫُ ۥۤ أ َ َﻣ ۢ َدا‬
‫ﯾَﻘُو ُل ﻟَﮫُ ۥ ﻛُن‬
Obligation
Duration
Jaaiz as in Madd Munfasil
Wajib
4 or 5 counts in Wasl as in 2 counts
Madd Munfasil
(d)
Definition
Madd Al-Laazim Al-Kalimi
Madd Al-Laazim Al-Harfi
It is a subordinate madd due to It is a subordinate madd due
sukoon.
to sukoon.
It is where the madd letter or It is where the madd letter or
leen letter is followed by an leen letter is followed by an
original sukoon in one word.
original sukoon in eight
letters (‫ )ع س ن ق ص ل ك م‬that
start some of the surahs.
If the letter of madd/leen is
followed by an original sukoon
which is merged into the letter
following it in the same word, it
is called Muthaqqal.
If the letter of madd/leen is
followed by an original
sukoon which is merged into
the letter following, it is called
Muthaqqal.
e.g.
e.g.
َ ّ‫ﺿﺎ ٓ ِﻟ‬
‫َو َﻻ ٱﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﯾن‬
‫( ا ٓﻟ ٓم‬the ‫)ل‬
If the letter of madd/leen is If the letter of madd/leen is
followed by an original sukoon followed by an original
which is not merged into the sukoon which is not merged
3
letter following it in the same into the letter following, it is
word, it is called Mukhaffaf.
called Mukhaffaf.
e.g.
e.g.
‫َءا ۡٓﻟـ�ـ َٰن‬
‫ن َوٱ ۡﻟﻘَﻠَ ِم‬
ۚٓ
Obligation
Duration
Laazim
6 counts in Wasl and Waqf
Laazim
6 counts in Wasl and Waqf
(e)
Definition
Madd Al-‘Aared Lesukoon
Madd Al-Leen
It is a subordinate madd due to It is a subordinate madd due
sukoon.
to sukoon.
It is where the madd letter is It is where the leen letter is
followed by a presented followed by a presented
sukoon in one word.
sukoon in one word.
Obligation
Duration
This occurs when stopping at
the end of a word, where the
last letter has a haraqah and
and the letter before it is a
madd letter. The last letter
takes a presented sukoon for
stopping.
This occurs when stopping at
the end of a word, where the
last letter has a haraqah and
and the letter before it is a
leen letter. The last letter
takes a presented sukoon for
stopping.
e.g.
e.g.
ۡ ‫ُﻣ‬
َ ‫ﺻﺑِ ِﺣ‬
‫ﯾن‬
‫ت‬
ِ ‫ٱ ۡﻟﺑَ ۡﯾ‬
Jaaiz
2, 4 or 6 counts (4 preferred)
Jaaiz
2, 4 or 6 counts (4 preferred)
4
2. Define the following Mudood and give an example of each:
(a)
Madd
Madd Al-Farq
Definition
Example
It is where a questioning hamzah e.g.
enters into a hamzatul wasl in
nouns.
ۡ
This occurs in 3 words in 6
places in the quran: ‫� ُ َءا ۡٓﻟـ�ـ َٰن‬
‫َء ٓ ﱠ‬
َ ‫َءآﻟذﱠ‬
‫ڪ َر ۡﯾ ِن‬
‫َءآﻟـ�ـ َٰن‬
‫َء ٓ ﱠ‬
ُ�
َ ‫َءآﻟذﱠ‬
‫ڪ َر ۡﯾ ِن‬
The hamzatul wasl is exchanged
for a madd letter. This results in
Madd Laazim, due to the
presence of an original sukoon
following the madd letter.
The reason why it is called Madd
Al-Farq, is to differentiate
between a question and a
statement.
The ruling is Laazim and the
duration is 6 counts.
(b)
Madd At-Tamkeen
The three words can either be
read with madd of 6 counts
(preferred), or with Tas-heel,
which is to pronounce the
hamzatul
wasl
somewhere
between a hamzah and an alif
with no madd.
It is a Tabee’ee madd, where
e.g.
there is the meeting of a ‫و‬
maddiyah with a ‫ و‬containing a
‫َاو ۥ َد‬
ُ ‫د‬
haraqah, or a ‫ ي‬maddiyah with
ُ‫َوﯾُ ِﻣﯾت‬
a ‫ ي‬containing a haraqah.
‫ﯾُ ۡﺣ ِﻰۦ‬
ْ‫ڪﺎﻧُوا‬
َ ‫َءا َﻣﻧُواْ َو‬
The ruling is Waajib and the
duration is 2 counts.
5
(c)
Madd Al-Ewadh
It is a Tabee’ee madd, where
the tanween fat-ha is
exchanged for an alif when
stopping at that word.
The alif can be present or
absent in writing, but must be
pronounced when stopping.
e.g.
‫ ِﻣ َﮭ ٰـ ۬ ًدا‬ ‫ِﻣ َﮭـٰدا‬
 ‫َﻣﺎ ٓءا‬
‫َﻣﺎ ٓ ۬ ًء‬
۬‫ وﻟَﯾﻛُوﻧًﺎ‬ ‫وﻟَﯾﻛُوﻧﺎ‬
َ َ
َ َ
The ruling is Waajib and the
duration is 2 counts.
3. How do we read the seven Alifs in Wasl and Waqf?
The seven Alifs are:
‫أَﻧَ ۟ﺎ‬
‫ﻟﱠ ٰـ ِﻛﻧﱠ ۟ﺎ‬
‫ٱﻟ ﱡظﻧُوﻧَ ۟ﺎ‬
َ۟ ‫ﺳ‬
‫وﻻ‬
ُ ‫ﻟر‬
‫ٱ ﱠ‬
۟ َ ِ‫ﺳﺑ‬
‫ﯾﻼ‬
‫ٱﻟ ﱠ‬
ْ‫ﺳ َﻼ‬
ِ ‫ﺳﻠَ ٰـ‬
َ
‫ﯾر ۟ا‬
َ ‫ﻗَ َو ِار‬
The alif at the end of each word is pronounced only when stopping at that word (in
waqf), and cancelled when continuing (in wasl). It is madd tabee’ee when stopping.
The ruling is Waajib and the duration is 2 counts.
ْ َ ‫ﺳﻠَ ٰـ ِﺳ‬
‫ﻼ‬
َ : There are two allowed ways to pronounce the last alif in this word: either to
cancel the alif completely both in wasl and waqf (preferred) or to pronounce it only
when stopping, and cancel when continuing (i.e follow the seven alif rule)
‫ﯾر ۟ا‬
َ ‫ﻗَ َو ِار‬: There are two of those words in Surah Al-Insaan. The ‫ﯾر ۟ا‬
َ ‫ ﻗَ َو ِار‬that appears
first is the one which follows the seven alif rule (end of verse 15), and the alif is
therefore pronounced only in waqf, and cancelled in wasl. The alif in the second
‫ﯾر ۟ا‬
َ ‫ ﻗَ َو ِار‬is cancelled both in wasl and waqf.
4. What evidence is there concerning the obligation of applying Madd?
Quran
Sunnah
Reciters of Quran
ً‫ان ﺗ َ ۡرﺗِﯾﻼ‬
َ ‫)ﺳورة اﻟﻣزﻣل( َو َر ِﺗ ّ ِل ٱ ۡﻟﻘُ ۡر َء‬
“And recite the Quran in a slow style”
The hadith of Musa Ibn Yazid Al Kindi who said: Ibn Masud
was listening to the recitation of a man who recited: ُ‫ﺻ َد َﻗ ٰـت‬
‫ِإﻧﱠ َﻣﺎ ٱﻟ ﱠ‬
ۡ
ۡ
‫ﯾن‬
ِ ‫ ِﻟﻠﻔُﻘَ َرآ ِء َوٱﻟ َﻣ َﺳ ٰـ ِﻛ‬with no madd. Ibn Masud said “the prophet did
not teach me like this”. The man said: “How was his reading,
oh Abdur Rahman?”. Ibn Masud said “He read it as: ‫إِﻧﱠ َﻣﺎ‬
‫ﯾن‬
‫ ”ٱﻟ ﱠ‬with madd.
ِ ‫ﺻ َدﻗَ ٰـتُ ِﻟ ۡﻠﻔُﻘَ َرآ ِء َوٱ ۡﻟ َﻣ َﺳ ٰـ ِﻛ‬
The strongest evidence is that madd reached us through
reciters of the Quran, in authentic chains going back to the
Prophet (pbuh).
6
5. What are the letters that can be found at the beginning of some Surahs and
what is their duration?
There are 14 letters that appear at the start of some of the surahs and are grouped
together in:
‫ﺻﺢ طرﯾﻘك ﻣﻊ اﻟﺳﻧﮫ‬
Letter
‫اﻟف‬
Name of Madd
No madd
Madd Tabee’ee harfi
‫حيطهر‬
‫ع‬
Madd Laazim harfi
‫سنقصلكم‬
Madd Laazim harfi
Duration
No madd
2 counts in wasl
and waqf
6 counts in wasl
and waqf
(preferred)
Or 4 counts in
wasl and waqf
6 counts in wasl
and waqf
Ruling
No Madd
Waajib
Laazim
Laazim
6. Identify the Mudood in the underlined words in the following verses. Give the
name of the Madd, its ruling and its duration in Wasl and Waqf:
(a)
َ ‫َوٱﻟﱠذ‬
‫ﺳ َن ٱﻟﱠذِى‬
ِ ‫ﺻ ٰـ ِﻠ َﺣ ٰـ‬
‫ِﯾن َءا َﻣﻧُواْ َوﻋ َِﻣﻠُواْ ٱﻟ ﱠ‬
َ ‫ﺳ ِﯾّـ�ﺎﺗِ ِﮭمۡ َوﻟَﻧَ ۡﺟ ِزﯾَﻧﱠ ُﮭمۡ أ َ ۡﺣ‬
َ ۡ‫ت ﻟَﻧُ َﻛ ِﻔّ َر ﱠن ﻋ َۡﻧ ُﮭم‬
َ ُ‫ﻛَﺎﻧُواْ ﯾَ ۡﻌ َﻣﻠ‬
(‫( )اﻟﻌﻧﻛﺑوت‬۷) ‫ون‬
EXAMPLE
ْ‫َءا َﻣﻧُواْ َوﻋ َِﻣﻠُوا‬
ْ‫َءا َﻣﻧُواْ َوﻋ َِﻣﻠُوا‬
‫ت‬
ِ ‫ﺻ ٰـ ِﻠ َﺣ ٰـ‬
‫َوﻋ َِﻣﻠُواْ ٱﻟ ﱠ‬
ۡ‫ﺳ ِﯾّـ�ﺎ ِﺗ ِﮭم‬
َ
ْ‫ٱﻟﱠ ِذى ﻛَﺎﻧُوا‬
‫ﯾَ ۡﻌ َﻣﻠُو َن‬
Name of Madd, ruling
and duration in WASL
(continuation)
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Tamkeen
2 counts
Waajib
Madd is cancelled due
to the meeting of two
saakin letters
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
7
Name of Madd, ruling
and duration in
WAQF (stopping)
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd ‘Aared Lesukoon
Mutlaq
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4
preferred)
Jaaiz
(b)
َ ‫ﺳ ُن إِ ﱠﻻ ٱﻟﱠذ‬
‫ِﯾن َظﻠَ ُﻣواْ ِﻣ ۡﻧ ُﮭمۡ ۖ َوﻗُوﻟُ ٓواْ َءا َﻣﻧﱠﺎ‬
ِ ‫َو َﻻ ﺗ ُ َﺟ ٰـ ِدﻟُ ٓواْ أ َ ۡھ َل ۡٱﻟ‬
َ ‫ﻰ أ َ ۡﺣ‬
ِ ‫ڪﺗ َ ٰـ‬
َ ‫ب إِ ﱠﻻ ﺑِﭑﻟﱠﺗِﻰ ِھ‬
َ ‫ٲﺣ ۬ ٌد َوﻧَ ۡﺣنُ ﻟَﮫُ ۥ ُﻣ ۡﺳ ِﻠ ُﻣ‬
ُ ‫ِى أ ُ ِﻧز َل إِﻟَ ۡﯾﻧَﺎ َوأ ُ ِﻧز َل إِﻟَ ۡﯾ‬
(٤٦) ‫ون‬
ِ ‫ڪمۡ َوإِﻟَ ٰـ ُﮭﻧَﺎ َوإِﻟَ ٰـ ُﮭﻛُمۡ َو‬
ٓ ‫ﺑِﭑﻟﱠذ‬
(‫)اﻟﻌﻧﻛﺑوت‬
EXAMPLE
‫ﺗ ُ َﺟ ٰـ ِدﻟُ ٓواْ أ َ ۡھ َل‬
‫ﺗ ُ َﺟ ٰـ ِدﻟُ ٓواْ أ َ ۡھ َل‬
ْ‫َوﻗُوﻟُ ٓوا‬
‫َوﻗُوﻟُ ٓواْ َءا َﻣﻧﱠﺎ‬
‫ِى‬
ٓ ‫َءا َﻣﻧﱠﺎ ِﺑﭑﻟﱠذ‬
‫ِى‬
ٓ ‫َءا َﻣﻧﱠﺎ ﺑِﭑﻟﱠذ‬
‫ِﺑﭑﻟﱠ ِذ ٓى أ ُ ِﻧز َل‬
َ ‫ﻟَﮫُ ۥ ُﻣ ۡﺳ ِﻠ ُﻣ‬
‫ون‬
Name of Madd, ruling
and duration in WASL
(continuation)
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Munfasil Haqeeqi
4 or 5 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Munfasil Haqeeqi
4 or 5 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Munfasil Haqeeqi
4 or 5 counts
Jaaiz
Madd As-Silah Sughraa
2 counts
Waajib
8
Name of Madd, ruling
and duration in
WAQF (stopping)
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
No madd occurs
Stop at a ‫ ه‬saakinah
(c)
َ َ ‫َو َﻛذَا ِﻟكَ أ‬
َ ُ‫ٰب ﯾُ ۡؤ ِﻣﻧ‬
َ ‫ٰب ﻓَﭑﻟﱠذ‬
‫ون ﺑِ ِﮫ ۦ َو ِﻣ ۡن َھ ٰـٓؤ َُﻻ ِٓء َﻣن‬
ۚ َ ‫ڪﺗَـ‬
ِ ‫ِﯾن َءاﺗ َ ۡﯾﻧَ ٰـ ُﮭ ُم ۡٱﻟ‬
ِ ‫ﻧز ۡﻟﻧَﺎ ٓ إِﻟَ ۡﯾكَ ۡٱﻟ‬
َ ‫ڪﺗَـ‬
َ ‫ﯾُ ۡؤ ِﻣنُ ﺑِ ِﮫۦۚ َو َﻣﺎ ﯾَ ۡﺟ َﺣ ُد ﺑِـ�ﺎﯾَ ٰـﺗِﻧَﺎ ٓ إِ ﱠﻻ ۡٱﻟ‬
َ ‫ڪ ٰـ ِﻔ ُر‬
(‫( )اﻟﻌﻧﻛﺑوت‬٤۷) ‫ون‬
EXAMPLE
َ‫ِإﻟَ ۡﯾك‬
‫َءاﺗ َ ۡﯾﻧَ ٰـ ُﮭ ُم‬
‫َءاﺗ َ ۡﯾﻧَ ٰـ ُﮭ ُم‬
‫ﯾُ ۡؤ ِﻣﻧُو َن‬
‫َھ ٰـٓؤ َُﻻ ِٓء‬
‫َھ ٰـٓ ُؤ َ ٓﻻ ِء‬
ٓ ‫ﺑِـ�ﺎﯾَ ٰـﺗِﻧَﺎ‬
ٓ ‫ِﺑـ�ﺎﯾَ ٰـﺗِﻧَﺎ‬
‫ِﺑـ�ﺎﯾَ ٰـﺗِﻧَﺎ ٓ ِإ ﱠﻻ‬
Name of Madd, ruling
and duration in WASL
(continuation)
No madd
Only the time to
pronounce a Leen ‫ي‬
taking into account the
time for rekhawah
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Munfasil Hukmi
4 or 5 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Muttasil
4 or 5 counts
Waajib
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Munfasil Haqeeqi
4 or 5 counts
Jaaiz
9
Name of Madd, ruling
and duration in
WAQF (stopping)
Madd Leen ‘Aared
Lesukoon
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4
preferred)
Jaaiz
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd ‘Aared Lesukoon
Mutlaq
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4
preferred)
Jaaiz
Madd Munfasil Hukmi
4 or 5 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Muttasil ‘Aared
Lesukoon
4 or 5 counts (Waajib)
or 6 counts (Jaaiz)
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
(d)
ٌ ِ‫ِﯾر ﱡﻣﺑ‬
‫ﯾن‬
َ ‫َوﻗَﺎﻟُواْ ﻟَ ۡو َﻻٓ أ ُ ِﻧز َل‬
ِ ‫ﻋﻠَ ۡﯾ ِﮫ َءاﯾَـ ٰ۬تٌ ِ ّﻣن ﱠر ِﺑّ ِﮫ ۦ ﻗُ ۡل إِﻧﱠ َﻣﺎ ۡٱﻷَﯾَـٰتُ ِﻋﻧ َد ﱠ‬
ٌ ۬ ‫ٱ� َوإِﻧﱠ َﻣﺎ ٓ أَﻧَ ۟ﺎ ﻧَذ‬
(‫( )اﻟﻌﻧﻛﺑوت‬٥۰)
EXAMPLE
‫ﻋﻠَ ۡﯾ ِﮫ‬
َ
ٌ‫َءاﯾَـ ٰ۬ت‬
‫َءاﯾَ ٰـ ۬تٌ ِ ّﻣن‬
‫ﱠر ِﺑّ ِﮫ ۦ ﻗُ ۡل‬
ُ‫ۡٱﻷ َﯾَـٰت‬
‫ٱ ۡﻷَﯾَ ٰـتُ ِﻋﻧ َد‬
‫أَﻧَ ۟ﺎ‬
‫ﱡﻣ ِﺑﯾ ٌن‬
Name of Madd, ruling
and duration in WASL
(continuation)
No madd
Only the time to
pronounce a Leen ‫ي‬
taking into account the
time for rekhawah
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd As-Silah Sughraa
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
One of the seven alifs
No madd occurs in wasl
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
10
Name of Madd, ruling
and duration in
WAQF (stopping)
Madd Leen ‘Aared
Lesukoon
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4
preferred)
Jaaiz
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd ‘Aared Lesukoon
Mutlaq
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4
preferred)
Jaaiz
No madd occurs
Stop at a ‫ ه‬saakinah
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd ‘Aared Lesukoon
Mutlaq
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4
preferred)
Jaaiz
One of the seven Alifs
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd ‘Aared Lesukoon
Mutlaq
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4
preferred)
Jaaiz
(e)
َ ‫ﺳ ٓوأ َ ٰ ٓى أَن‬
َ ‫ﻋ ٰـ ِﻘﺑَﺔَ ٱﻟﱠذ‬
َ ‫ﺛ ُ ﱠم ﻛ‬
‫ٱ� َوﻛَﺎﻧُواْ ﺑِ َﮩﺎ ﯾَ ۡﺳﺗ َ ۡﮭ ِز ُءو َن‬
َ ‫َﺎن‬
ِ‫ت ﱠ‬
ِ ‫ڪذﱠﺑُواْ ﺑِـ�ﺎﯾَ ٰـ‬
‫ﺳ ٰـٓـ�واْ ٱﻟ ﱡ‬
َ َ ‫ِﯾن أ‬
(‫( )اﻟروم‬۱۰)
EXAMPLE
‫ﺳ ٓوأ َ ٰ ٓى‬
َ َ‫أ‬
‫ﺳ ٰـٓـ�واْ ٱﻟ ﱡ‬
‫ﺳ ٓوأ َ ٰ ٓى‬
‫ﺳ ٰـٓـ�واْ ٱﻟ ﱡ‬
َ َ‫أ‬
‫ﺳ ٓوأ َ ٰ ٓى‬
‫ﺳ ٰـٓـ�واْ ٱﻟ ﱡ‬
َ َ‫أ‬
‫ﺳ ٓوأ َ ٰ ٓى أَن‬
‫ٱﻟ ﱡ‬
ْ‫ٱ� َوﻛَﺎﻧُوا‬
ِ‫ﱠ‬
َ ‫ﯾَ ۡﺳﺗ َ ۡﮭ ِز ُء‬
‫ون‬
Name of Madd, ruling
and duration in WASL
(continuation)
Madd Muttasil
4 or 5 counts
Waajib
Madd is cancelled due
to the meeting of two
saakin letters
Madd Muttasil
4 or 5 counts
Waajib
Madd Munfasil Haqeeqi
4 or 5 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
(f)
Name of Madd, ruling
and duration in
WAQF (stopping)
Madd Muttasil
4 or 5 counts
Waajib
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Muttasil
4 or 5 counts
Waajib
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd ‘Aared Lesukoon
Mutlaq
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4
preferred)
Jaaiz
Madd Badal ‘Aared
Lesukoon
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4
preferred)
Jaaiz
(‫( )اﻟرﺣﻣن‬۱۳) ‫ﺎن‬
ِ َ‫ى َء َاﻻ ِٓء َر ِﺑّ ُﻛ َﻣﺎ ﺗ ُ َﻛ ِذّﺑ‬
ّ ِ َ ‫ﻓَﺑِﺄ‬
EXAMPLE
‫َءا َﻻ ِٓء‬
‫َء َاﻻ ِٓء‬
Name of Madd, ruling
and duration in WASL
(continuation)
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Muttasil
4 or 5 counts
Waajib
11
Name of Madd, ruling
and duration in
WAQF (stopping)
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Muttasil ‘Aared
Lesukoon
4 or 5 counts (Waajib)
or 6 counts (Jaaiz)
(g)
َ ِ‫ُﻣﺗ ﱠ ِﻛـٴ‬
ۚ ٍ ۬ ‫ﻋﻠَ ٰﻰ ﻓُ ُر ۭ ِش ﺑَ َطﺎ ٓ �ﯩﻧُ َﮩﺎ ِﻣ ۡن إِ ۡﺳﺗ َ ۡﺑ َر‬
َ ‫ﯾن‬
(٥٤) ‫َان‬
ٍ ۬ ‫ق َو َﺟﻧَﻰ ۡٱﻟ َﺟﻧﱠﺗ َ ۡﯾ ِن د‬
(‫( )اﻟرﺣﻣن‬٦٤) ‫ﺎن‬
ِ َ ‫ُﻣ ۡد َھﺎ ٓ ﱠﻣﺗ‬
EXAMPLE
‫ُﻣﺗ ﱠ ِﻛـٴِﯾ َن‬
‫ﺑَ َطﺎ ٓ �ﯩﻧ ُ َﮩﺎ‬
‫ﺑَ َطﺎ ٓ �ﯩﻧ ُ َﮩﺎ ِﻣ ۡن‬
‫َو َﺟﻧَﻰ ٱ ۡﻟ َﺟﻧﱠﺗ َ ۡﯾ ِن‬
‫َدا ۬ ٍن‬
‫ﺎن‬
ِ َ ‫ُﻣ ۡد َھﺎ ٓ ﱠﻣﺗ‬
‫ُﻣ ۡد َھﺎ ٓ ﱠﻣﺗ َﺎ ِن‬
Name of Madd, ruling
and duration in WASL
(continuation)
Madd Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
Madd Muttasil
4 or 5 counts
Waajib
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd is cancelled due
to the meeting of two
saakin letters
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Laazim Kalimi
Muthaqqal
6 counts
Laazim
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
12
Name of Madd, ruling
and duration in
WAQF (stopping)
Madd Badal ‘Aared
Lesukoon
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4
preferred)
Jaaiz
Madd Muttasil
4 or 5 counts
Waajib
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd Tabee’ee
2 counts
Waajib
Madd ‘Aared Lesukoon
Mutlaq
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4
preferred)
Jaaiz
Madd Laazim Kalimi
Muthaqqal
6 counts
Laazim
Madd ‘Aared Lesukoon
Mutlaq
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4
preferred)
Jaaiz
7. Put a tick against the following statements if correct, and a cross if incorrect:
(a) Al-Madd At-Tabee’ee is
INCORRECT
always
fixed (present)
in
wasl
and waqf
Al-Madd At-Tabee’ee can be present in wasl and waqf, or in wasl only, or in waqf
only.
(b) Al-Madd Al-Far’ee is there due to a reason.
CORRECT
(c) Al-Madd Al-Jaaiz Al-Munfasil is only there in the state of Wasl. In Waqf, there
is no reason for it. CORRECT
(d) When Al-Madd Al-Jaaiz Al-Munfasil is found between two words and it is not
allowed to stop on the first word. INCORRECT
Al-Madd Al-Jaaiz Al-Munfasil is found between two words. In the case of the
Haqeeqi type, where the madd letter is written between two separate words, it is
allowed to stop on the first word. In the case of the Hukmi type, the madd letter is
not written and the two words appear as one word. In this case, it is not allowed to
stop at the first word.
8. Justify the following:
(a) Another name for Al-Madd Al-Aslee is Al-Madd At-Tabee’ee.
It is called Madd At-Tabee’ee (natural madd) because a person with natural
measure will not increase or decrease its duration or time. It is the origin of all
types of madd.
(b) Madd As-Silah Al-Kubra is a type of Al-Madd Al-Jaaiz Al-Munfasil.
It is a type of Madd Jaaiz Munfasil because Ha-Kinayah is between two
mutaharek letters, where the second is a hamzah. The haraqah of Ha Kinayah
connects to either a ‫ و‬or ‫ ي‬maddiyah. Hence, it results in a madd letter being
followed by a hamzah in two different words, which is also what happens in
Madd Al-munfasil. The duration is 4 or 5 counts in wasl only, and the ruling is
Jaaiz.
13
Identify the different types of Al-Madd At-Tabee’ee in the following verses from
Surah Al-Ahzaab:
(c)
َ ‫َو ِإ ۡذ أ َ َﺧ ۡذﻧَﺎ ِﻣ َن ٱﻟﻧﱠ ِﺑ ِﯾّـ‬
ۖ‫ﺳﻰ ۡٱﺑ ِن َﻣ ۡرﯾَ َم‬
َ ‫ﺳ ٰﻰ َو ِﻋﯾ‬
َ ‫وح َو ِإ ۡﺑ َرا ِھﯾ َم َو ُﻣو‬
ٍ ۬ ‫ۧن ِﻣﯾ ۬ﺛ َ ٰـﻘَ ُﮭمۡ َو ِﻣﻧكَ َو ِﻣن ﻧﱡ‬
َ ‫َوأ َ َﺧ ۡذﻧَﺎ ِﻣ ۡﻧ ُﮭم ِ ّﻣﯾﺛ َ ٰـﻘًﺎ‬
(۷) ‫ﻏ ِﻠﯾ ًظﺎ‬
EXAMPLE
Type of Madd Tabee’ee
‫أ َ َﺧ ۡذﻧَﺎ ِﻣ َن‬
‫ٱﻟﻧﱠ ِﺑ ِﯾّ ۧـ َن‬
ۡ‫ِﻣﯾﺛ َ ٰـﻘَ ُﮭم‬
ۡ‫ِﻣﯾﺛ َ ٰـﻘَ ُﮭم‬
◌ٍ ‫ح‬
ٍ ‫ﻧﱡو‬
‫َو ِإ ۡﺑ َرا ِھﯾ َم‬
‫َو ِإ ۡﺑ َرا ِھﯾ َم‬
‫ﺳ ٰﻰ‬
َ ‫َو ُﻣو‬
‫ﺳ ٰﻰ‬
َ ‫َو ُﻣو‬
‫ﺳﻰ ٱ ۡﺑ ِن‬
َ ‫َو ِﻋﯾ‬
‫ﺳﻰ ٱ ۡﺑ ِن‬
َ ‫َو ِﻋﯾ‬
ۡ
‫َوأ َ َﺧ ۡذﻧَﺎ ِﻣﻧ ُﮭم‬
‫ِ ّﻣﯾﺛ َ ٰـﻘًﺎ‬
‫ِ ّﻣﯾﺛ َ ٰـﻘًﺎ‬
‫ِ ّﻣﯾﺛ َ ٰـﻘًﺎ‬
َ
‫ﻏ ِﻠﯾ ًظﺎ‬
َ
‫ﻏ ِﻠﯾ ًظﺎ‬
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl only
(Madd Tamkeen)
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl only
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl only
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Waqf only
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Waqf only
(Madd Ewadh)
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Waqf only
(Madd Ewadh)
14
(d)
َ ‫ٱ� ﻛ‬
َ ‫ِب ۡٱﻟ ُﻣﻧَ ٰـ ِﻔ ِﻘ‬
َ ِ‫ﺻ ٰـ ِدﻗ‬
‫َﺎن‬
َ ‫وب‬
َ ‫ﯾن إِن‬
‫ٱ�ُ ٱﻟ ﱠ‬
َ ُ ‫ﺷﺎ ٓ َء أ َ ۡو ﯾَﺗ‬
َ ّ‫ﯾن ﺑِ ِﺻ ۡدﻗِ ِﮭمۡ َوﯾُﻌَذ‬
‫ى ﱠ‬
َ ‫ﻋﻠَ ۡﯾ ِﮭمۡ ۚ إِ ﱠن ﱠ‬
َ ‫ِﻟّﯾَ ۡﺟ ِز‬
َ
(۲٤) ‫ورا ﱠر ِﺣﯾ ۬ ًﻣﺎ‬
ً ۬ ُ ‫ﻏﻔ‬
EXAMPLE
ُ�‫ى ٱ ﱠ‬
َ ‫ِﻟّﯾَ ۡﺟ ِز‬
�‫ٱ‬
ُ‫ﱠ‬
َ ِ‫ﺻ ٰـ ِدﻗ‬
‫ﯾن‬
‫ٱﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺻ ٰـ ِدﻗِﯾ َن‬
‫ٱﻟ ﱠ‬
َ ‫ٱ ۡﻟ ُﻣﻧَ ٰـ ِﻔ ِﻘ‬
‫ﯾن‬
‫ٱ ۡﻟ ُﻣﻧَ ٰـ ِﻔ ِﻘﯾ َن‬
‫ب‬
َ ‫ﯾَﺗ ُو‬
‫َﻛﺎ َن‬
۬‫ﻏﻔُو ًرا‬
َ
َ
‫ورا‬
ً ۬ ُ ‫ﻏﻔ‬
‫ﱠر ِﺣﯾ ۬ ًﻣﺎ‬
‫ﱠر ِﺣﯾ ۬ ًﻣﺎ‬
(e)
Type of Madd Tabee’ee
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Waqf only
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl only
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl only
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl only
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl only
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl only
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Waqf only
(Madd Ewadh)
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Waqf only
(Madd Ewadh)
ۡ
َ ‫ﯾَ ٰـٓﺄَﯾﱡ َﮩﺎ ٱﻟﱠذ‬
(٤۱) ‫ﯾرا‬
ً ۬ ِ‫ٱ� ذ ِۡﻛ ۬ ًرا َﻛﺛ‬
َ ‫ِﯾن َءا َﻣﻧُواْ ٱذ ُﻛ ُرواْ ﱠ‬
EXAMPLE
َ ‫ﯾَ ٰـٓﺄَﯾﱡ َﮩﺎ ٱﻟﱠذ‬
‫ِﯾن‬
‫ﯾَ ٰـٓﺄَﯾﱡ َﮩﺎ ٱﻟﱠ ِذﯾ َن‬
ۡ
�
َ ‫َءا َﻣﻧُواْ ٱذ ُﻛ ُرواْ ٱ ﱠ‬
ۡ
�
َ ‫َءا َﻣﻧُواْ ٱذ ُﻛ ُرواْ ٱ ﱠ‬
ۡ
�‫ٱ‬
َ ‫َءا َﻣﻧُواْ ٱذ ُﻛ ُرواْ ﱠ‬
‫ذ ِۡﻛ ۬ ًرا‬
‫َﻛﺛِﯾ ۬ ًرا‬
‫ﯾرا‬
ً ۬ ِ‫َﻛﺛ‬
Type of Madd Tabee’ee
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Waqf only
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl only
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Waqf only
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Waqf only
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl only
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Waqf only
(Madd Ewadh)
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Waqf only
(Madd Ewadh)
15
(f)
۟ َ ِ‫ﺳﺑ‬
َ َ ‫ﺳﺎ َدﺗَﻧَﺎ َو ُﻛﺑَ َرآ َءﻧَﺎ ﻓَﺄ‬
(٦۷) ‫ﯾﻼ‬
‫ﺿﻠﱡوﻧَﺎ ٱﻟ ﱠ‬
َ ‫َوﻗَﺎﻟُواْ َرﺑﱠﻧَﺎ ٓ إِﻧﱠﺎ ٓ أ َ َط ۡﻌﻧَﺎ‬
EXAMPLE
Type of Madd Tabee’ee
ٓ ‫َوﻗَﺎﻟُواْ َرﺑﱠﻧَﺎ‬
ٓ ‫َوﻗَﺎﻟُواْ َرﺑﱠﻧَﺎ‬
‫َرﺑﱠﻧَﺎ ٓ ِإﻧﱠﺎ ٓ أ َ َط ۡﻌﻧَﺎ‬
‫َرﺑﱠﻧَﺎ ٓ ِإﻧﱠﺎ ٓ أ َ َط ۡﻌﻧَﺎ‬
‫ﺳﺎ َدﺗَﻧَﺎ َو ُﻛﺑَ َرآ َءﻧَﺎ‬
َ ‫أ َ َط ۡﻌﻧَﺎ‬
‫ﺳﺎ َدﺗَﻧَﺎ َو ُﻛﺑَ َرآ َءﻧَﺎ‬
َ ‫أ َ َط ۡﻌﻧَﺎ‬
‫ﺳﺎ َدﺗَﻧَﺎ َو ُﻛﺑَ َرآ َءﻧَﺎ‬
َ ‫أ َ َط ۡﻌﻧَﺎ‬
َ َ ‫َو ُﻛﺑَ َرآ َءﻧَﺎ ﻓَﺄ‬
‫ﺿﻠﱡوﻧَﺎ‬
۟ َ ِ‫ﺳﺑ‬
َ َ ‫ﻓَﺄ‬
‫ﯾﻼ‬
‫ﺿﻠﱡوﻧَﺎ ٱﻟ ﱠ‬
۟ َ ‫ﺳ ِﺑ‬
َ َ ‫ﻓَﺄ‬
‫ﯾﻼ‬
‫ﺿﻠﱡوﻧَﺎ ٱﻟ ﱠ‬
َ َ ‫ﻓَﺄ‬
‫ﺳ ِﺑﯾ َ ۟ﻼ‬
‫ﺿﻠﱡوﻧَﺎ ٱﻟ ﱠ‬
۟ َ ِ‫ﺳﺑ‬
َ َ ‫ﻓَﺄ‬
‫ﯾﻼ‬
‫ﺿﻠﱡوﻧَﺎ ٱﻟ ﱠ‬
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Waqf only
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Waqf only
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Waqf only
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Wasl and Waqf
Madd Tabee’ee is present in Waqf only
(one of the seven alifs)
9. Identify the types of Al-Madd Al-Far’ee in the following verses from Surah
Saba’:
(a)
َ ‫ﺳﻌَ ۡو ﻓِ ٓﻰ َءاﯾَ ٰـﺗِﻧَﺎ ُﻣﻌَـ ِٰﺟ ِز‬
َ ‫َوٱﻟﱠذ‬
(٥) ‫اب ِ ّﻣن ِ ّر ۡﺟ ٍز أ َ ِﻟﯾ ۬ ٌم‬
َ ۡ‫ﯾن أ ُ ْوﻟَ ٰـٓ �ﯩكَ ﻟَ ُﮭم‬
َ ‫ِﯾن‬
ٌ ۬ َ‫ﻋذ‬
EXAMPLE
Type of Madd Far’ee
‫َوٱﻟﱠ ِذﯾ َن‬
‫ِﻓ ٓﻰ َءاﯾَ ٰـ ِﺗﻧَﺎ‬
‫ِﻓ ٓﻰ َءاﯾَ ٰـ ِﺗﻧَﺎ‬
‫ُﻣﻌَـ ِٰﺟ ِزﯾ َن‬
َ‫أ ُ ْوﻟَ ٰـٓ �ﯩك‬
In Waqf only: Madd ‘Aared Lesukoon Mutlaq,
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4 counts preferred), Jaaiz
In Wasl only: Madd Munfasil Haqeeqi, 4 or 5
counts, Jaaiz
In Wasl and Waqf: Madd Badal, 2 counts,
Jaaiz
In Waqf only: Madd ‘Aared Lesukoon Mutlaq,
2 or 4 or 6 counts, Jaaiz
In Wasl and Waqf: Madd Muttasil, 4 or 5
counts, Waajib
16
‫ب‬
َ
ٌ ۬ ‫ﻋذَا‬
‫أ َ ِﻟﯾ ۬ ٌم‬
In Waqf only: Madd ‘Aared Lesukoon Mutlaq,
2 or 4 or 6 counts, Jaaiz
In Waqf only: Madd ‘Aared Lesukoon Mutlaq,
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4 counts preferred), Jaaiz
(b)
ۡ ‫ﺳ ۖﻰ َو ِإ ِن‬
َ ‫ﻗُ ۡل ِإن‬
‫ﺳ ِﻣﯾ ۬ ٌﻊ‬
َ ‫ﺿﻠَ ۡﻠتُ ﻓَ ِﺈﻧﱠ َﻣﺎ ٓ أ َ ِﺿ ﱡل‬
ِ ُ‫ٱھﺗَد َۡﯾتُ ﻓَ ِﺑ َﻣﺎ ﯾ‬
ِ ‫ﻋﻠَ ٰﻰ ﻧَ ۡﻔ‬
َ ‫ﻰ َر ِﺑّ ۚ ٓﻰ ِإﻧﱠﮫُ ۥ‬
‫وﺣ ٓﻰ ِإﻟَ ﱠ‬
(٥۰) ‫ﯾب‬
ٌ ۬ ‫ﻗَ ِر‬
EXAMPLE
Type of Madd Far’ee
‫ﻓَ ِﺈﻧﱠ َﻣﺎ ٓ أ َ ِﺿ ﱡل‬
ُ‫ٱ ۡھﺗ َ َد ۡﯾت‬
‫وﺣ ٓﻰ ِإﻟَ ﱠﻰ‬
ِ ُ‫ﯾ‬
ُ‫َر ِﺑّ ۚ ٓﻰ ِإﻧﱠﮫ‬
‫ﺳ ِﻣﯾ ۬ ٌﻊ‬
َ
‫ب‬
ٌ ۬ ‫ﻗَ ِرﯾ‬
In Wasl only: Madd Munfasil Haqeeqi, 4 or 5
counts, Jaaiz
In Waqf only: Madd Leen ‘Aared Lesukoon, 2
or 4 or 6 counts (4 counts preferred), Jaaiz
In Wasl only: Madd Munfasil Haqeeqi, 4 or 5
counts, Jaaiz
In Wasl only: Madd Munfasil Haqeeqi, 4 or 5
counts, Jaaiz
In Waqf only: Madd ‘Aared Lesukoon Mutlaq,
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4 counts preferred), Jaaiz
In Waqf only: Madd ‘Aared Lesukoon Mutlaq,
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4 counts preferred), Jaaiz
(c)
(٥۲) ‫َﺎن ﺑَ ِﻌﯾ ۬ ٍد‬
ُ َ‫َوﻗَﺎﻟُ ٓواْ َءا َﻣﻧﱠﺎ ﺑِ ِﮫۦ َوأَﻧﱠ ٰﻰ ﻟَ ُﮭ ُم ٱﻟﺗﱠﻧ‬
ُ ‫ﺎو‬
ِ ۭ ‫ش ِﻣن ﱠﻣﻛ‬
EXAMPLE
Type of Madd Far’ee
‫َوﻗَﺎﻟُ ٓواْ َءا َﻣﻧﱠﺎ‬
‫َوﻗَﺎﻟُ ٓواْ َءا َﻣﻧﱠﺎ‬
‫ﱠﻣ َﻛﺎ ۭ ِن‬
‫ﺑَ ِﻌﯾ ۬ ٍد‬
In Wasl only: Madd Munfasil Haqeeqi, 4 or 5
counts, Jaaiz
In Wasl and Waqf: Madd Badal, 2 counts,
Jaaiz
In Waqf only: Madd ‘Aared Lesukoon Mutlaq,
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4 counts preferred), Jaaiz
In Waqf only: Madd ‘Aared Lesukoon Mutlaq,
2 or 4 or 6 counts (4 counts preferred), Jaaiz
17
10. How many counts are the following Mudood held for?
(a)
Madd
Duration
Al-Madd Al-Waajib Al-Mutassil 4 or 5 counts in
waqf and wasl
Ruling
4 or 5 counts
Waajib
(b)
Al-Madd Al-Jaaiz Al-Munfasil
When the hamzah is
at the end, madd
can be prolonged to
6 counts when
stopping
4 or 5 counts
4 or 5 counts
(Waajib) or 6
counts (Jaaiz)
when stopping
on hamzah
Jaaiz
(c)
Madd Al-Badal
2 counts
Jaaiz
(d)
(e)
Al-Madd Al-‘Aared Lesukoon
Al-Madd Al-Laazim
2 or 4 or 6 counts
6 counts
Jaaiz
Laazim
11. Define Madd Al-Farq. What are the different ways it could be read? Give
examples.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Madd Al-Farq is where a questioning hamzah enters into a hamzatul wasl in
nouns.
َ ‫َءآﻟذﱠ‬
This occurs in 3 words in 6 places in the quran: ‫�ُ َءا ۡٓﻟـ�ـ َٰن‬
‫ڪ َر ۡﯾ ِن َء ٓ ﱠ‬
The hamzatul wasl is exchanged for a madd letter. This results in Madd Laazim,
due to the presence of an original sukoon following the madd letter.
The reason why it is called Madd Al-Farq, is to differentiate between a question
and a statement.
The ruling is Laazim and the duration is 6 counts.
The three words can either be read with madd of 6 counts (preferred), or with
Tas-heel, which is to pronounce the hamzatul wasl somewhere between a
hamzah and an alif with no madd.
18
12. When do we do Madd with Ha Al-Kinayah and when do we do Qasr with it?
Madd is performed with Ha Al-Kinayah if all of the following conditions are met:
•
•
•
The ha Al-kinayah carries either a thammah or a kasrah
It is between two mutaharek letters
In continuing the recitation
َ ‫ﯾَ ۡر‬, where conditions have been met, but no madd
Exception to this rule: ۗ ۡ‫ﺿﮫُ ﻟَﻛُم‬
occurs, due to the way the rewayah is read.
Madd of Ha Al-Kinayah is not done if:
•
•
•
•
•
The Ha Al-Kinayah is read with sukoon
The Ha Al-Kinayah is preceded and followed with saakin letters
The Ha Al-Kinayah is preceded with a saakin letter and followed by a
mutaharek letter
The Ha Al-Kinayah is preceded by a mutaharek letter and followed with
saakin letter
In Waqf
Exception to this rule: ‫ َوﯾَ ۡﺧﻠُ ۡد ِﻓﯾ ِﮫۦ ُﻣ َﮭﺎﻧًﺎ‬, where conditions have not been met,
however, madd still occurs, due to the way the rewayah is read.
13. What are the conditions of Madd As-Silah in the following? Give Examples.
Type
(a) Madd As-Silah
Al-Kubra
Condition
Example
It is a subordinate madd due to Ha ‫َوﺑَ ۡﯾﻧَﮫ ُ ۥۤ أ َ َﻣ ۢ َدا‬
Al-Kinayah appearing between two
mutaharek letters, where the
second one is a hamzah.
It only occurs in Wasl. The haraqah
of Ha Al-Kinayah is connected to
either a Madd ‫ و‬madd ‫ي‬.
The duration is 4 or 5 counts and
the ruling is Jaaiz as in Madd
Munfasil.
19
(b) Madd As-Silah
As-Sughraa
It is a Tabee’ee madd due to Ha AlKinayah appearing between two
mutaharek letters, where the
second one is not a hamzah.
‫ﯾَﻘُو ُل ﻟَﮫُ ۥ ﻛُن‬
It only occurs in Wasl. The haraqah
of Ha Al-Kinayah is connected to
either a Madd ‫ و‬madd ‫ي‬.
The duration is 2 counts and the
ruling is Waajib.
(c) Sukoon As-Silah The Ha Al-Kinayah appears
As-Sughraa
between two mutaharek letters,
where the second letter is not a
hamzah. The Ha Al-Kinayah carries
a sukoon on it. Madd Silah does not
occur.
(d) Sukoon As-Silah The Ha Al-Kinayah appears
Al-Kubra
between two mutaharek letters,
where the second letter is a
hamzah. The Ha Al-Kinayah carries
a sukoon on it. Madd Silah does not
occur.
(e) Qasr As-Silah As- The Ha Al-Kinayah carries a
Sughraa
haraqah and appears between two
mutaharek letters, where the
second letter is not a hamzah. All
conditions for Madd Silah are met,
however no madd occurs. This is
solely due to the way the rewayah
of Hafs and Asem is read.
20
ُ‫أ َ ۡر ِﺟ ۡﮫ َوأ َ َﺧﺎه‬
ۡ‫ﻓَﺄ َ ۡﻟ ِﻘ ۡﮫ إِﻟَ ۡﯾ ِﮩم‬
َ ‫ﯾَ ۡر‬
ۡ‫ﺿﮫُ ﻟَ ُﻛم‬