EXAMINATION SYLLABUS
STATE EXAM OF INTERNAL DISEASES
VITH COURSE, FACULTY OF MEDICINE
Cardiology and Rheumatology
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Acute circulatory failure. Cardiogenic shock.
Heart failure – etiology, classification, clinical presentation.
Heart failure - diagnostic tools, differential diagnosis, management.
Arterial hypertension – diagnosis, differential diagnosis.
Management of arterial hypertension. Antihypertensive drug therapy.
Supraventricular tachyarrhythmias.
Ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
Conduction disorders.
Sudden cardiac death – main rules of management of ventricular fibrillation,
electromechanical dissociation, asystole.
10. Aortic dissection – classification, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management.
11. Ischemic heart disease – etiology, pathogenesis, classification. Stable angina pectoris.
12. Acute coronary syndrome without ST-elevation.
13. Acute coronary syndrome with ST-elevation.
14. Aortic valve diseases (acquired).
15. Mitral valve diseases (acquired).
16. Congenital heart diseases – ASD, VSD, tetralogy of Fallot.
17. Infective endocarditis.
18. Cardiomyopathies.
19. Pericarditis. Myocarditis.
20. Connective tissue diseases.
21. Rheumatoid arthritis.
22. Ankylosing spondylitis.
23. Reactive arthritis.
24. Fibrinolytic, anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs.
25. Antiarrhythmic drugs, cardiac glycosides.
26. Dyslipidaemias. Management of dyslipidaemias.
27. Treatment with glucocorticosteroids and immunosuppressants.
Lung diseases and Allergology
1. Pulmonary embolism
2. Lung Cancer
3. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
4. Bronchial asthma
5. Community acquired pneumonia
6. Nosocomial pneumonia
7. Respiratory failure
8. Sarcoidosis
9. Lung Abscess
10. Bronchiectasis. Cystic Fibrosis
11. Pulmonary Hypertension
12. Pleural effusions
13. Pulmonary hemorrhage
14. Diseases of the Mediastinum. Mediastinal Syndrome
15. Lung tuberculosis – epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical forms
16. Lung tuberculosis –treatment
17. Interstitial lung diseases. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
18. Sleep related breathing disorders. Obstructive sleep apnea
19. Antibiotics and antibacterial therapy of pulmonary infections
20. Bronchodilators in the treatment of obstructive lung diseases
21. Corticosteroids in the treatment of obstructive lung diseases
Gastroenterology and Hepatology
1. Achalasia. Differential diagnosis of dysphagia
2. Gastroesophageal reflux disease. Barrett’s esophagus
3. Esophageal carcinoma
4. Chronic gastritis. Treatment with proton pump inhibitors
5. Helicobacter pylori infection
6. Peptic ulcer disease
7. Gastric cancer
8. Diagnostic algorithm in chronic diarrhea
9. Syndrome of malabsorption. Gluten enteropathy
10. Inflammatory bowel diseases – ulcerative colitis
11. Inflammatory bowel diseases – Crohn disease
12. Colorectal carcinoma. Precancerous lesions. Prevention and early diagnosis
13. Acute bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal tract – diagnostic and treatment algorithm
14. Management of the patients with elevated liver enzymes
15. Chronic hepatitis B
16. Chronic hepatitis C
17. Autoimmune hepatitis. Primary biliary cirrhosis. Primary sclerosing cholangitis
18. Wilson’s diseases. Hereditary hemochromatosis
19. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
20. Alcohol related liver disease
21. Liver cirrhosis – etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and diagnosis
22. Complications of liver cirrhosis – diagnosis and treatment
23. Diagnostic algorithm in ascites
24. Hepatocellular carcinoma. Cholangiocarcinoma
25. Pancreatitis – acute and chronic
26. Pancreatic carcinoma
27. Gallstone disease. Cholecystitis. Cholangitis
28. Jaundice – differential diagnosis. Cholestasis
Endocrinology and metabolic diseases
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Diabetes mellitus – etiology, pathogenesis, classification
Diabetes mellitus – clinical manifestations of type 1 and type 2 diabetes
Chronic complications of diabetes mellitus
Treatment of type 1 diabetes
Treatment of type 2 diabetes
Diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetic comas – pathogenesis, diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
Treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis
7. Hypoglycemia
8. Diabetes insipidus
9. Tumors of pituitary gland – acromegaly, prolactinoma
10. Hypopituitarism
11. Thyrotoxicosis – classification, etiology, pathogenesis
12. Thyrotoxicosis – clinical manifestation, diagnosis, treatment
13. Thyroiditis
14. Hypothyroidism
15. Hypoparathyroidism
16. Hyperparathyroidism
17. Hypercorticism – Cushing syndrome, Conn’s disease, adrenogenital syndrome
18. Hypocorticism
19. Pheochromocytoma
20. Osteoporosis – etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment
21. Metabolic syndrome
Hematology
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Iron-deficient anemia
Vitamin B12 and folic-deficient anemia
Inherited hemolytic anemia
Acquired hemolytic anemia
Bone-marrow aplasia
Myelodysplastic syndromes
7. Acute leukemia
8. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
9. Myeloproliferative disorders: polycythemia vera; essential thrombocythemia; primary
myelofibrosis
10. Hodgkin disease
11. Aggressive non Hodgkin lymphoma
12. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
13. Myeloma
14. Disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome
15. Hemophilia
16. Thrombocytopenia
17. Modern chemotherapy
Nephrology and toxicology
1. Functional investigations of the urinary system
2. Hematuria. Proteinuria
3. Nephritis and nephrotic syndrome
4. Acute and rapid progressive glomerulonephritis
5. Chronic glomerulonephritis. Vasculitis
6. Chronic glomerulonephritis. General concepts of therapy
7. Secondary nephropathies: amyloidosis and lupus nephropathy
8. Secondary nephropathies: gout, myeloma and diabetic nephropathy
9. Interstitial nephritis. Endemic nephropathy
10. Renal tuberculosis. Contrast-induced nephropathy
11. Renal polycystic disease. Tumors of the kidneys
12. Pyelonephritis. Urinary tract infections
13. Renal stone disease
14. Water-electrolyte balance. Acid-base homeostasis
15. Renal vascular disorders
16. Acute kidney injury
17. Chronic kidney disease
18. Renal replacement therapy
19. Acute intoxication with alcohols: ethanol; methanol; ethylene glycol
20. Poisoning with opiates, sedatives, antidepressants, sleeping pills
21. Acute poisoning in the clinical practice – pesticides, mushrooms and carbon oxide
intoxications
22. General principles for treatment of intoxications
Approved for the academic 2019-2020 year
Head of First Department of Internal Diseases: Assoc. Prof Dr A.Angelov
Head of Second Department of Internal Diseases: Assoc. Prof Dr I.Ivanova
Head of Department of Propaedeutics of Internal Diseases: Assoc. Prof Dr E.Dimitrova