Environmental Impact Statement
Appendix E Noise Assessment
Yamba Sewerage Augmentation
NOISE ASSESSMENT
„
Final
„
July 2005
Sinclair Knight Merz
ABN 37 001 024 095
100 Christie Street
PO Box 164
St Leonards NSW
Australia 1590
Tel: +61 2 9928 2100
Fax: +61 2 9928 2500
Web: www.skmconsulting.com
COPYRIGHT: The concepts and information contained in this document are the property of Sinclair
Knight Merz Pty Ltd. Use or copying of this document in whole or in part without the written
permission of Sinclair Knight Merz constitutes an infringement of copyright.
Noise Assessment
Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Noise Assessment
1
1.1
1.2
1
1
Introduction
Existing Background
Noise Objectives
5
2.1
2.2
5
6
Construction Noise
Operational Noise
Noise Impact Assessment
9
3.1
9
Construction Phase Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Operational Noise Impacts
13
4.1
4.2
13
14
Noise Prediction Methodology
Predicted Noise Levels
Conclusions and Mitigation Measures
Appendix A Daily Noise Profiles
17
19
PAGE i
Noise Assessment
1.
Noise Assessment
1.1
Introduction
Yamba is located on the coast on the southern side of the Clarence River estuary, approximately 15km
east of Maclean. The existing Yamba Sewerage Scheme comprises a conventional gravity collection
system and sewage treatment plant (STP) which has a design capacity of 7,400 equivalent persons
(EP). The treatment process is based on the IDEA process for biological treatment of the wastewater,
followed by ultra-violet disinfection. The treated wastewater from the STP is reclaimed and in part
(15%) reused for irrigation on the adjacent golf course, with the remainder released to adjacent
wetlands. The current growth in Yamba will increase the permanent load on the scheme in excess of
the existing capacity.
Some upgrading works are required to cater for future growth. Clarence Valley Council is also
proposing to alter the existing discharge arrangements by maximising the reuse of recycled water and
providing a new discharge pipeline to release surplus treated wastewater. The future growth area of
West Yamba will also require construction of a wastewater collection and transport system. The
construction and operation of the STP augmentation and associated works have been assessed for
potential noise impacts at the nearest residences.
1.2
Existing Background
Ambient noise levels were recorded by installing an environmental noise logger at the nearest
residential dwelling adjacent to the existing STP site. The location of the noise logger is shown on
Figure 1-1. The environmental noise monitoring was conducted between Thursday 24 June and Friday
2 July 2004. Observations during the site visit indicated that the main noise sources contributing to the
noise environment at these locations were birds, leaves rustling, traffic and ocean waves. The noise
levels recorded at these locations are considered representative of the nearest residential receivers to
the site.
The noise monitor used was an ARL type 215 noise logger, set to A-Weighted, fast response and
programmed to continuously monitor the noise environment in consecutive 15 minute periods. The
calibration of the noise logger was checked before and after the monitoring period and the drift was
less than ± 0.5 dB(A). The noise monitoring recorded a variety of statistical indices of which the most
relevant are the LA10, LA90 and LAeq exceedance levels. The LA10 and LA90 noise levels are levels
exceeded for 10 % and 90 % of the monitoring time respectively. The LA90 level is commonly referred
to as the background noise level. The LAeq level is the Equivalent Continuous sound level and has the
same energy over the monitoring period as the actual noise environment.
PAGE 1
Noise Assessment
„
Figure 1-1 Location of Noise Logger
PAGE 2
Yamba
Bowling
Club
Yamba
Public School
Yamba
Oval
Location of
Noise Logger
Golf Course
Legend
25
30
35
40
North
Source: GeoLINK
Aerial Photography provided by Clarence Valley Council (2004)
Source:
Yamba
STP
0
200m
Figure 1-1 LOCATION OF NOISE LOGGER
Noise Assessment
Daily profiles of the noise monitoring results obtained at the monitoring location are shown in
Appendix A. The weather conditions throughout the monitoring period have been factored into the
assessment, with adverse conditions such as high wind or rain being excluded from the analysis.
The results of ambient noise measurement and analysis are summarised in the form of the Rating
Background Level (RBL) in Table 1-1, as well as LAeq for the assessment periods.
Table 1-1 Summary of Unattended Monitoring
Day
Date
RBL
LA90 10th
Evening
LAeq
dB(A)
Percentile
RBL
LA90 10th
Night
LAeq
dB(A)
Percentile
RBL
LA90 10th
LAeq
dB(A)
Percentile
Thursday 24 June 2004
38.8
53.3
40.5
45.7
46.5
51.3
Friday 25 June 2004
38.0
48.9
38.0
42.6
34.5
41.7
Saturday 26 June 2004
37.0
47.3
40.3
44.1
44.3
47.5
Sunday 27 June 2004
42.3
50.2
49.8
53.2
47.5
50.3
Monday 28 June 2004
36.8
55.6
40.5
46.1
38.5
46.7
Tuesday 29 June 2004
36.0
48.3
45.0
50.7
46.5
50.6
Wednesday 30 June 2004
37.5
49.7
36.0
41.2
35.0
44.6
Thursday 1 July 2004
35.5
52.8
44.5
49.0
46.5
50.2
Friday 2 July 2004
35.9
57.0
(Median)
37.0
50.2
40.5
45.9
45.4
48.8
PAGE 3
Noise Assessment
2.
Noise Objectives
The proposed Yamba Sewerage Augmentation may have noise impacts during either or both of the
construction or operational phases. In order to assess the level of potential impact, noise objectives for
the project are first determined and then the predicted noise levels are compared against the relevant
noise goals.
The Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) is responsible for regulating noise in NSW
and provides guidelines for the assessment of construction noise in its publication, Environmental
Noise Control Manual (ENCM) (NSW EPA, 1994). Operational noise is best assessed in accordance
with the NSW Industrial Noise Policy (INP) (NSW EPA, 2000).
2.1
Construction Noise
The construction of the various aspects of the sewerage augmentation would involve works at more
than one location. The components of the augmentation and therefore the general locations of work
activities are:
„
Modification and construction of the upgraded STP;
„
Laying of new pipe work for recycled water reticulation from the STP to the reuse areas;
„
Laying of new pipe work for wastewater reticulation from the new residential areas to the STP;
and
„
Laying of pipe work for the ebb-tide or deep sea release.
The ENCM in Chapter 171 details noise objectives for construction site noise. These objectives state
that where there is the likelihood of annoyance due to noise from construction sites the following
restrictions should be applied:
„
Construction period of 4 weeks and under - The LA10 level measured over a period of not less than
15 minutes when the construction site is in operation must not exceed the background level by
more than 20 dB(A).
„
Construction period greater than 4 weeks and not exceeding 26 weeks - The LA10 level measured
over a period of not less than 15 minutes when the construction site is in operation must not
exceed the background level by more than 10 dB(A).
„
Construction period greater than 26 weeks - The DEC does not provide noise control guidelines
for construction periods greater than 26 weeks duration. However, it is generally accepted that
provided LA10 noise levels from the construction area do not exceed a level of 5 dB(A) above
background, then adverse impacts are not likely to be experienced at the nearest sensitive receptor
locations.
The following restrictions are also placed on the times of construction activities:
„
Monday to Friday - 7am to 6pm;
PAGE 5
Noise Assessment
„
Saturday - 7am to 1pm if inaudible on residential premises, otherwise 8 am to 1 pm;
„
Sunday and Public Holidays - no work unless approval is obtained prior to works being
undertaken.
Approval for any out of hours work should be obtained from the Director of Environment and
Planning, Clarence Valley Council.
It is anticipated that the majority of Yamba STP upgrading works would be completed over a 15-20
week period. The appropriate LA10 noise level objective for construction works, when measured in the
vicinity of the nearest noise sensitive dwellings to the site, is therefore background + 10 dB(A) for the
duration of the construction period.
The daytime Rating Background Level (RBL) in the area surrounding the Yamba STP is
approximately 37 dB(A). Therefore, the construction noise levels during activities such as excavation
should not exceed 47 dB(A) at the nearest sensitive receptor.
2.2
Operational Noise
In January 2000, the Department of Conservation (DEC) released the NSW Industrial Noise Policy.
This document provides the framework and process for deriving project specific noise limits for
assessments and (separately) limits for consents and licences that will enable the authority to regulate
premises that are scheduled under the Protection of the Environment and Operations Act, 1997.
The INP is designed to determine an acceptable level of impact expected at a community level, based
on reactions to social surveys. Where the criteria are met, no adverse noise impacts would be
reasonably expected at the closest receivers. The INP requires that the noise from a development
under assessment comply with the lower of the amenity or intrusive noise criteria. The intrusive
criterion is determined by the difference between the industrial noise under assessment being no more
than 5 dB(A) above the Rating Background Level (RBL). The RBL is evaluated in the absence of any
industrial noise including the development in question. This is usually assessed prior to the
commencement of operations.
The amenity criterion is based on the zoning, the land use of the receiver location and the extent of the
existing industrial noise in the area. Where there is an existing influence of industrial noise the INP
implements modifying factors to the criteria to account for cumulative noise impacts. The project
specific noise goals are then set based on the more stringent of the amenity or intrusive criteria.
To categorise the range in the background noise levels that prevail from day to day, one week of
ambient noise monitoring must be undertaken. The DEC divides one 24 hour period into the
following three assessment periods:
„
Day – 7am to 6pm;
„
Evening – 6pm to 10pm; and
„
Night – 10pm to 7am.
PAGE 6
Noise Assessment
Intrusive Noise Criteria
A noise source is considered to be non-intrusive if the LAeq, 15 minute level does not exceed the RBL by
more than 5 dB(A) for each of the day, evening and night-time periods, and does not contain tonal,
impulsive, or other modifying factors as detailed in Chapter 4 of the INP. The intrusive noise criterion
is based on the site specific monitoring and is presented in Table 2-1. The monitoring data
determined the day evening and night time background levels to be 37, 40 and 45 dB(A) respectively.
While these background levels are representative of the noise environment in the area, they show an
abnormal trend in the noise profile. Normally evening and night time periods show deceasing noise
levels compared to the daytime. The data monitored here shows no particular daily trends however,
the data was checked and time stamps verified as being correct. It was noted that no mechanical
equipment was operational in the vicinity of the noise logger during the assessment period. A possible
explanation for the abnormal trend could be nocturnal insect and frog activity in the area near the
noise logger but this cannot be confirmed. Other influences such as ocean noise tend to be relatively
constant throughout the day and would not increase the noise levels at night unless affected by
temperature inversions.While the monitored levels have been adopted for this project, it is
recommended that further noise monitoring be conducted during detailed design, should the project be
approved.
Amenity Noise Criteria
The amenity criteria apply to the LAeq Level determined for the period of assessment of day, evening
or night. The definition of the noise amenity classification for the residential area surrounding the
STP is "suburban" based on the description of this type of location as detailed in the DEC’s INP.
Based on a site inspection and a detailed noise survey, the noise environment around the STP is
controlled by influences other than industrial sources. The modifying factors for the amenity criteria
are only applied when existing industrial noise sources are present. The amenity noise criterion is
therefore based on the acceptable levels for a suburban residential receiver and is presented in Table
2-1. The DEC’s INP recommends that for a residence located in a suburban area, an acceptable
amenity criteria would be 55, 50 and 40 dB(A) LAeq for day, evening and night respectively.
Table 2-1 Summary of Project Noise Criteria
Day
Evening
Night-time
Project Specific RBL levels
37 dB (A)
40 dB (A)
45 dB (A)
Intrusiveness Criteria
42 dB(A)
45 dB(A)
50 dB(A)
55 dB(A)
50 dB(A)
45 dB(A)
0 dB(A)
0 dB(A)
0 dB(A)
42 dB(A)
45 dB(A)
50 dB(A)
Determination of Intrusiveness
Criteria
Determination of Amenity Criteria
Acceptable Amenity Criteria
Adjustment to Amenity Criteria
Project Criteria
PAGE 7
Noise Assessment
The DEC’s Intrusiveness Criteria for daytime is the lower of the criteria determined for this project. It
should be noted that the Amenity Criteria are primarily designed to control long term noise through
stringent planning goals, while the Intrusiveness Criteria are more appropriate for assessing the
annoyance resulting from operations of the STP. On the basis that the facility is operational 24 hours
a day and in accordance with the above table, the limiting criteria for noise would be an LAeq, 15min of
42 dB(A) for day time operations. This value would apply during the day or night as it is assumed that
operational noise levels would be constant and the criteria would apply at the boundary of any
residential dwelling affected by noise from the STP.
PAGE 8
Noise Assessment
3.
Noise Impact Assessment
The following assessment for the proposed upgrade of Yamba STP considers both construction and
operational noise impacts.
3.1
Construction Phase Impacts and Mitigation Measures
Construction equipment used for the augmentation would vary, depending on the stage and location of
the works. The noise impacts from trenching works for the ebb-tide release would potentially affect
residences in River Street and Harbour Street Due to the relatively minor scale of the construction
works associated with the installation of new recycled water and waste water pipelines and the
irrigation infrastructure, the noise impacts associated with these components of the project are
expected to be relatively minor. These works would be carried out during the daytime only and would
be for a short duration and would therefore have a background plus 20dB(A), LA10 noise criterion. A
background noise assessment in the vicinity of the residences in River and Harbour Streets has not
been undertaken.
Where surface works are in close proximity to residences and commercial property, impacts are likely
to exceed the DEC’s noise criteria for short periods. It should be noted however, that while surface
works are in one location for a given period, noisy equipment would not be operational for the entire
time. Additional respite periods are recommended to reduce potential impacts at nearby noise
sensitive receivers during construction as well as a high degree of consultation to inform the local
community of planned activities.
Construction activities for the potential ebb tide release point are expected to take place on the break
wall and would be several hundred metres away from the nearest residences. This work would be
limited to daytime construction hours only and is not predicted to have a significant noise impact
during this time.
The nature of the STP based works would include use of an excavator and/or a bobcat to prepare
foundations and prepare the site for building works. The assessment of construction phase noise
impacts is based on a selection of typical items of equipment used for these activities operating
simultaneously. Sound Power Levels for typical activities associated with the construction works have
been sourced from AS2436-1981 (Guide to Noise Control on Construction, Demolition and
Maintenance Sites) and our own in house database, and used to calculate indicative construction noise
levels at the nearest sensitive receiver locations. The LA10 Sound Power Levels assumed for the
construction equipment are:
„
Excavator
110 dB(A)
„
10t Truck
105 dB(A)
„
Concrete Truck
112 dB(A)
„
Bobcat
107 dB(A)
PAGE 9
Noise Assessment
Noise attenuation calculations, based on the CONCAWE algorithms, were used to calculate LA10
construction noise levels at the nearest identified noise sensitive receiver location adjacent to the site
during the earthworks phase and during the erection of plant facilities. These noise levels are shown
in Table 3-1. However, it should be noted that the sound pressure level at the receiver location will
vary depending on the location of the works within the site, the type of equipment that is operational
and the meteorological conditions.
„
1
Table 3-1 Calculated Construction Noise Levels
Location Sensitive
Receiver
Approx. Distance
From Construction
Works (m)
Nearest Residence
250
Predicted LA10 Noise Level (dB(A))
Earthworks
1
Buildings and Plant
Facilities2
47-50
49-52
2
Sources include: Excavator, 10t delivery truck Sources include: Bobcat & Concrete Truck and Concrete Pump
The calculations presented in Table 3-1 also take into account:
„
dispersion (distance) attenuation at the rate of 6/dB per doubling of distance;
„
air absorption 20°C; and
„
attenuation over the ground.
The predicted highest LA10 noise levels at the nearest residences is approximately 50 dB(A) during the
earth moving phase and 52 dB(A) during the building phase when concrete pours occur. Therefore,
the construction noise objectives outlined in Section 2.1 for activities less than 26 weeks in duration
may be exceeded by up to 5 dB(A) during times of heavy equipment use.
The construction noise calculations were based on a worst-case scenario that assumed that all items of
equipment would operate simultaneously at full capacity. Such a situation is considered conservative.
On this basis the construction works are not expected to result in any significant acoustical impacts at
nearby residential receivers, although works would, at times, be clearly audible.
Based on the results presented above, it is important to ensure that the Contractor responsible for
construction identifies and implements all possible methods to ensure that adverse noise impacts are
minimised. The Contractor should consider the following principles/guidelines:
„
Source control is the most effective method of controlling construction noise. Source controls,
which limit noise, are the easiest to oversee on a construction project. Mitigation at the source
reduces the problem everywhere not just at a single receiver location. The most obvious method
for sound control of heavy equipment would be the use of modern machines having higher
performance engine insulation and mufflers.
„
Path Controls are the second line of attack in controlling noise. Barriers can provide a substantial
reduction in the annoyance due to construction noise impacts. The use of barriers should be
PAGE 10
Noise Assessment
examined against other possible measures to prove that they are cost effective. Path control
measures include:
–
Moving equipment farther away from the receiver;
–
Enclosing especially noisy activities or stationary equipment;
–
Erecting noise barriers or curtains; and
–
Using landscaping as a shield and dissipater.
PAGE 11
Noise Assessment
4.
Operational Noise Impacts
The proposed Yamba STP upgrade would include noise generated by the following equipment.
„
IDEA Tanks;
„
Various Pumps on site; and
„
Mobile Centrifuge.
The items having the greatest potential for adverse noise impacts at nearby residential receivers
include those items which operate 24 hours per day.
There will also be some noise associated with the operation of new pumping stations however these
stations would normally include submersible type pumps which are inaudible when operational.
Therefore detailed noise modelling has only been undertaken for the works associated with the STP
upgrade.
4.1
Noise Prediction Methodology
In order to assist in the qualification of potential noise impacts from the operation of the upgraded
Yamba STP, an acoustic model was established using the Environmental Noise Model (ENM). The
model considers the topography of the ground terrain surrounding the site, the location of the new
blower building and main pumps and the nearest identified residential receivers. Details on the
proposed blower building dimensions were sourced from the Draft Concept Design Report (Sinclair
Knight Merz, April 2001).
In attributing sound power levels to the IDEA Tanks, mobile centrifuge units and pumps, information
was sourced from potential suppliers of the equipment. The octave band sound pressure levels (SPL)
were used to determine sound power levels for the units. The sound power levels listed in Table 4-1
incorporate the supplier’s standard acoustic enclosures.
„
1
Table 4-1 Source Sound Power Levels (SWL) dB(L)
Source
No. of
duty
units
SWL
dB(A)
63
125
250
500
1k
2k
4k
8k
Existing IDEA Tank
4
85
81
88
84
79
80
79
72
69
New IDEA Tank
4
85
81
88
84
79
80
79
72
69
Mobile Centrifuge
1
90
84
82
85
83
88
87
82
75
Sewage Pumps
2
75
65
66
68
68
71
68
64
58
Information based on kW rating
Predictions made on the data result in the determination of the LAeq index and assume that the plant
items are fully operational and under typical load conditions during operations. The prediction
methodology considers night-time operations, as these are likely to have the greatest potential for
PAGE 13
Noise Assessment
impact on adjacent residences, and does not consider contributions from intermittent daytime
operations such as dewatering feed pumps and sludge handling operations.
The INP requires an assessment of meteorological conditions to be undertaken where the effects of
adverse conditions such as persistent winds and temperature inversions are a feature of the area. An
assessment should include the effects of temperature inversions where these conditions occur for more
than 30% of the total night time during the winter months (June-August). An assessment should also
include the effects of wind where source to receiver winds speeds of less than 3m/s occur for more
than 30% of the time.
A detailed analysis of the meteorological conditions at the Yamba site has been undertaken for the air
quality assessment. This assessment indicates that during the winter months F stability class occurs
for approximately 15% of the time. Wind speeds less than 3m/s in the direction of the nearest receiver
from the site occur for less than 8% of the time during this period. This analysis indicates that no
further assessment of adverse meteorological conditions is necessary for the prediction of operational
noise from the site.
4.2
Predicted Noise Levels
The results of the acoustic modelling for operational noise levels from the proposed upgrades to the
Yamba STP are shown as noise contours in Figure 4-1.
The predicted noise level at the nearest residence, located approximately 250 m north-east of the
proposed new IDEA tank, was approximately 30 dB(A) with the mobile centrifuge operating. This
level is about 12 dB(A) below the DEC criterion level of 42 dB(A), as determined in Section 2.2.
Operation of the upgraded Yamba STP is therefore not expected to result in any significant change to
the noise environment at the residential dwellings adjacent to the site. Compliance with the DEC
criteria at the nearest residential dwellings to the site is likely to be achieved, even under adverse
meteorological conditions.
PAGE 14
Noise Assessment
„
Figure 4-1 Noise Contours
PAGE 15
Source: CMA Topographic Map (2003) in GEOLINK (2003)
Yamba
Bowling
Club
Yamba
Public School
Yamba
Oval
Golf Course
Legend
25
30
35
40
Legend
25 dB (A)
30 dB (A)
35 dB (A)
40 dB (A)
North
Source: GeoLINK
Aerial Photography provided by Clarence Valley Council (2004)
Source:
Yamba
STP
0
200m
Figure 4-1 NOISE CONTOURS LAeq15 min
Noise Assessment
5.
Conclusions and Mitigation Measures
This noise investigation has assessed the potential noise impacts associated with the upgraded Yamba
STP. The impact assessment includes noise from the construction works and the operation of the
upgraded STP facility.
Noise calculations for the construction works at the site indicate that adverse impacts are likely to
result at nearby residential receivers during activities where heavy equipment use is necessary. Due to
the nature of the upgrade works however, the noise limits are not expected to exceed the objectives at
the nearest residential dwelling for the majority of the construction period.
The noise generated by the operation of the upgraded STP plant items is not likely to exceed the DEC
criteria at the nearest residential dwellings to the site.
Traffic travelling to and from the upgraded Yamba STP is not expected to have a significant impact on
the noise environment within the surrounding area, given the low number of excepted heavy vehicle
movements to and from the site, and the proximity of the majority of residents.
Based on the results of the noise impact assessment undertaken for the upgrade of Yamba STP noise
controls would be implemented to ensure that construction noise is acceptable to the nearest residential
receivers. In order to minimise any adverse noise impacts that may arise during the construction phase
of the project, the following mitigation measures would be implemented:
„
The Contractor responsible for construction would fit residential grade mufflers to all equipment
where possible;
„
Construction operations would only be carried out between the hours listed in Section 2.1; and
„
Construction staging should ensure that, where possible, all construction items are not operating
within close proximity to the south-eastern boundary of the site simultaneously.
PAGE 17
Noise Assessment
Appendix A Daily Noise Profiles
Profile of Noise Environment - Yamba STP
Thursday 24June 2004
Data Excluded from Analysis
L1
L10
L90
Leq
Measurable Rainfall
Ave Wind Speed (m/s)
Ave Air Temp (degC)
90
120
115
85
110
80
105
Measured Sound Pressure Level - dB(A)
75
100
95
70
90
65
85
60
80
75
55
70
50
65
45
60
55
40
50
35
45
30
40
35
25
30
20
20
15
10
10
5
5
0
0:00
0
2:00
4:00
6:00
8:00
10:00
12:00
14:00
16:00
18:00
20:00
22:00
Wind Speed (m/s)
25
15
0:00
Time of Day (End of 15 Minute Sampling Period)
Profile of Noise Environment - Yamba STP
Friday 25 June 2004
Data Excluded from Analysis
L1
L10
L90
Leq
Measurable Rainfall
Ave Wind Speed (m/s)
Ave Air Temp (degC)
90
120
115
85
110
80
105
Measured Sound Pressure Level - dB(A)
75
100
95
70
90
65
85
60
80
75
55
70
50
65
45
60
55
40
50
35
45
30
40
35
25
30
20
20
15
10
10
5
5
0
0:00
0
2:00
4:00
6:00
8:00
10:00
12:00
14:00
16:00
18:00
20:00
22:00
Wind Speed (m/s)
25
15
0:00
Time of Day (End of 15 Minute Sampling Period)
PAGE 19
Noise Assessment
Profile of Noise Environment - Yamba STP
Saturday 26 June 2004
Data Excluded from Analysis
L1
L10
L90
Leq
Measurable Rainfall
Ave Wind Speed (m/s)
Ave Air Temp (degC)
90
120
115
85
110
80
105
Measured Sound Pressure Level - dB(A)
75
100
95
70
90
65
85
60
80
75
55
70
50
65
45
60
55
40
50
35
45
30
40
35
25
30
20
20
15
10
10
5
5
0
0:00
0
2:00
4:00
6:00
8:00
10:00
12:00
14:00
16:00
18:00
20:00
22:00
Wind Speed (m/s)
25
15
0:00
Time of Day (End of 15 Minute Sampling Period)
Profile of Noise Environment - Yamba STP
Sunday 27 June 2004
Data Excluded from Analysis
L1
L10
L90
Leq
Measurable Rainfall
Ave Wind Speed (m/s)
Ave Air Temp (degC)
90
120
115
85
110
80
105
Measured Sound Pressure Level - dB(A)
75
100
95
70
90
65
85
80
60
75
55
70
50
65
45
60
55
40
50
35
45
30
40
35
25
30
20
20
15
10
10
5
5
0
0:00
0
2:00
4:00
6:00
8:00
10:00
12:00
14:00
16:00
18:00
20:00
22:00
Wind Speed (m/s)
25
15
0:00
Time of Day (End of 15 Minute Sampling Period)
PAGE 20
Noise Assessment
Profile of Noise Environment - Yamba STP
Monday 28 June 2004
Data Excluded from Analysis
L1
L10
L90
Leq
Measurable Rainfall
Ave Wind Speed (m/s)
Ave Air Temp (degC)
90
120
115
85
110
80
105
Measured Sound Pressure Level - dB(A)
75
100
95
70
90
65
85
60
80
75
55
70
50
65
45
60
55
40
50
35
45
30
40
35
25
30
20
20
15
10
10
5
5
0
0:00
0
2:00
4:00
6:00
8:00
10:00
12:00
14:00
16:00
18:00
20:00
22:00
Wind Speed (m/s)
25
15
0:00
Time of Day (End of 15 Minute Sampling Period)
Profile of Noise Environment - Yamba STP
Tuesday 29 June 2004
Data Excluded from Analysis
L1
L10
L90
Leq
Measurable Rainfall
Ave Wind Speed (m/s)
Ave Air Temp (degC)
90
120
115
85
110
80
105
Measured Sound Pressure Level - dB(A)
75
100
95
70
90
65
85
80
60
75
55
70
50
65
45
60
55
40
50
35
45
30
40
35
25
30
20
20
15
10
10
5
5
0
0:00
0
2:00
4:00
6:00
8:00
10:00
12:00
14:00
16:00
18:00
20:00
22:00
Wind Speed (m/s)
25
15
0:00
Time of Day (End of 15 Minute Sampling Period)
PAGE 21
Noise Assessment
Profile of Noise Environment - Yamba STP
Wednesday 30 June 2004
Data Excluded from Analysis
L1
L10
L90
Leq
Measurable Rainfall
Ave Wind Speed (m/s)
Ave Air Temp (degC)
90
120
115
85
110
80
105
Measured Sound Pressure Level - dB(A)
75
100
95
70
90
65
85
60
80
75
55
70
50
65
45
60
55
40
50
35
45
30
40
35
25
30
20
20
15
10
10
5
5
0
0:00
0
2:00
4:00
6:00
8:00
10:00
12:00
14:00
16:00
18:00
20:00
22:00
Wind Speed (m/s)
25
15
0:00
Time of Day (End of 15 Minute Sampling Period)
Profile of Noise Environment - Yamba STP
Thursday 1 July 2004
Data Excluded from Analysis
L1
L10
L90
Leq
Measurable Rainfall
Ave Wind Speed (m/s)
Ave Air Temp (degC)
90
120
115
85
110
80
105
Measured Sound Pressure Level - dB(A)
75
100
95
70
90
65
85
80
60
75
55
70
50
65
45
60
55
40
50
35
45
30
40
35
25
30
20
20
15
10
10
5
5
0
0:00
0
2:00
4:00
6:00
8:00
10:00
12:00
14:00
16:00
18:00
20:00
22:00
Wind Speed (m/s)
25
15
0:00
Time of Day (End of 15 Minute Sampling Period)
PAGE 22
Noise Assessment
Profile of Noise Environment - Yamba STP
Friday 2 July 2004
Data Excluded from Analysis
L1
L10
L90
Leq
Measurable Rainfall
Ave Wind Speed (m/s)
Ave Air Temp (degC)
90
120
115
85
110
80
105
Measured Sound Pressure Level - dB(A)
75
100
95
70
90
65
85
60
80
75
55
70
50
65
45
60
55
40
50
35
45
30
40
35
25
30
20
20
15
10
10
5
5
0
0:00
0
2:00
4:00
6:00
8:00
10:00
12:00
14:00
16:00
18:00
20:00
22:00
Wind Speed (m/s)
25
15
0:00
Time of Day (End of 15 Minute Sampling Period)
PAGE 23