PROGRESS CHECK
1. The two areas of statistics are Descriptive and Inferential. Descriptive is the branch of
statistics devoted to the collection, organization, summarization and presentation of
data. Inferential, on the other hand, is the branch of statistics concerned with
generalizing from samples to populations, to make an interference about population
based on information obtained from a sample of the population. The main goal of
descriptive statistics is to describe while inferential statistics are used to examine the
relationships between variables within a sample and then make generalizations.
2. There are handful uses of statistics but let’s just cite a few of them that can be seen in
our daily lives. Weather forecast, Emergency preparedness, predicting disease, sports,
education, and research.
3. A population consists of all subjects (human or otherwise) that are being studied
while sample is a group of subjects selected from a population. The size of the sample
is always less than the total size of the population.
4. D In the year 2020, the population of Filipinos will be 110 million.
I Nine out of ten on-the-job fatalities are men.
D Expenditures for the cable industry were $5.66 billion in 1996.
D Drinking decaffeinated coffee can raise cholesterol levels by 7%.
I Allergy therapy makes bees go away.
5. O Rankings of tennis players
R Weights of air conditioners
I Temperatures inside 10 refrigerators
R Salaries of the top five CEOs in the United States
O Ratings of eight local plays (poor, fair, good, excellent)
6. 2 Number of bicycles sold in 1 year by a large sporting goods store
1 Colors of baseball caps in a store
2 Times it takes to cut a lawn
2 Capacity in cubic feet of six truck beds
1 Classification of children in a day care center (infant, toddler, preschool)
7. D Number of doughnuts sold each day by Doughnut Heaven
C Water temperatures of six swimming pools in Pittsburgh on a given day
C Weights of cats in a pet shelter
D Lifetime (in hours) of 12 flashlight batteries
D Number of cheeseburgers sold each day by a hamburger stand on a college
campus
8. The four basic methods of sampling are: Random Sampling, Systematic Sampling,
Stratified Sampling, and Cluster Sampling. An example of a simple random
sample would be the names of 25 athletes being chosen out of a hat from a delegation
of 250 athletes. Example of systematic sampling, assume that in a population of
10,000 people, a statistician selects every 100th person for sampling. Example of
Stratified Sampling, geographical regions can be stratified into similar regions by
means of some known variables such as habitat type, elevation or soil type. Example
of cluster sampling, consider a scenario where an organization is looking to survey the
performance of smartphones across Germany. They can divide the entire country’s
population into cities (clusters) and select further towns with the highest population
and also filter those using mobile devices.
9. I think the most suitable way to find a convincing conclusion would be to use
observational studies since the results needed are based on observations. Also, the
variables can’t be manipulated by the researcher.