BASIC WELDING SYMBOLS
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WHAT IS WELDING?
A metal-joining process that uses the heat generated by a combination of oxygen
and a fuel gas to melt two similar metals together and are integrally joined
when cooled.
WHAT IS A WELDING SYMBOL?
• Graphical symbols for welding to convey the complete welding information from
the designer to the welder in terms of drawings.
• It denotes a symbol made up of several elements to convey the welding instruction
WELD SYMBOLS: It is an ideograph ,used to indicate the type of weld required
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EIGHT ELEMENTS OF WELDING SYMBOLS
REFERENCE LINE
ARROW
BASIC WELD SYMBOLS
DIMENSIONS AND OTHER DATA
SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS
COUNTER AND FINISH SYMBOLS
TAIL SPECIFICATIONS
PROCESS OR OTHER REFERENCE
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Reference line
Basics of the welding symbol
Other elements are oriented with respect to this line
Arrow
Arrow side
Other side-opposite side
Basic weld symbol
Indicates the type of welding to be performed
Placed on center of the reference line, either below or above or on both
sides.
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Supplementary Symbols:
Placed at the end of the reference line at the base of the arrow
Conveys additional information relative to the extent of welding, where
the welding is to be performed.
Dimensions:
Length-Right
Size-Left
Spacing of the weld or weld symbols
If length is followed by Dash and another number –indicates center to center
spacing of intermittent welds.
The number of spot or projection weld is enclosed in parentheses.
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Counter and finish symbols:
The counter symbol is placed above or below the weld symbol
Finish symbol always appears above or below the counter symbol
Finish Symbols:
C-Chipping
G-Grinding
H-Hammering
M-Machining
G-Grinding
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Tail Specification:
 It will appear on the end of the reference line opposite to the arrow end.
 It is used to locate specification, process of other reference
If no tail-When no spec.
Specification and process:
 Placed in the tail of the welding symbol
 If the spec is given in notes, or indicated elsewhere on the drawing,
it should not be used.
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REFERENCE LINE AND ARROW
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BASIC WELD SYMBOLS
SQUARE WELD
FILLET WELD
BEVEL
V-GROOVE
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Continued….
FLARE BEVEL
FLARE-V
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DIMENSIONS AND OTHER DATA
FILLET SIZE
FILLET LENGTH
IF THE FILLET LENGTH IS FOLLOWED BY A DASH
AND A NUMBER ,i.e. CENTER-TO-CENTER
DISTANCE OF INTERMITTENT WELDS.
GROOVE ANGLE
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SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS
WELD ALL AROUND
FIELD WELD
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COUNTER AND FINISH SYMBOLS
FLUSH
CONVEX
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CONCAVE
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TAIL SPECIFICATIONS
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PROCESS OR OTHER REFERENCE
EBW STANDS FOR - ELECTRONIC BEAM WELDING
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FILLET WELD
ARROW SIDE
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BOTH SIDES SAME FILLET SIZE
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BOTH SIDES WITH DIFF.FIILET SIZES
FIILET SIZE WITH LENGTH-INTERMITTENT WELD
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FILLET WELD ALL AROUND
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