CELL STRUCTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE CELL Jefferyl Kae S. Pandac, RMT The Cell “Structural units of all living things.” 💡 The term cell was coined by Robert Hooke from the long rows of monk rooms at the monastery. Cell Theory â– A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms. â– The activity of the organism depends on the collective activities of its cells. â– According to the principle of complementarity, the activities of cells are dictated by their structure, which determines function. â– Continuity of life has a cellular basis. Carbon Chemical Composition of Cells Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Basic Features of Cells â– Plasma membrane â– Semi-fluid substance (cytosol) â– Chromosomes (carry genes) â– Ribosomes (synthesize proteins) Cell Types Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cell Prokaryotes: Bacteria and Archaea Eukaryotes: Protists, fungi, plants, animals Prokaryotic Cell â– No nucleus â– Genetic material is in an unbound region called nucleoid â– No membrane-bound organelles â– Cytoplasm is bound by the plasma membrane Eukaryotic Cell  True cell  Genetic material is bound by a membranous nuclear envelope  Membrane-bound organelles  Cytoplasm in the region between the plasma membrane and the nucleus 💡 Eukaryotic cells have internal membranes that compartmentalize their functions. Please watch the supplementary video provided.
