The Cardiovascular System
Lesson 8 Answer Key
1) (1 pt) What do all arteries have in common, What do all veins have in common?
all arteries take blood away from the heart, all veins bring blood back to the heart
2) (1 pt) Most arteries carry oxygenated blood, which arteries carry deoxygenated blood?
Which veins carry oxygenated blood?
pulmonary artery which brings blood to the lungs
pulmonary vein
3) (1 pt) All of the blood enters your heart through two major veins. What are they called?
Superior vena cava & inferior vena cava
4) (2.5 pts) When oxygenated blood leaves your heart to go to tissues, it will first pass through your
_aortic__ arch. After that it could travel towards four different places. The _brachiocephalic_ artery
takes blood to the upper right side of your body. The _subclavian_ artery takes blood to the upper left
side of your body. The _carotid_ artery takes blood to your head. Finally, the _descending__ aorta takes
blood down to your abdomen and legs.
5) (1.5 pts) Your heart has two sets of two valves. What are the names of these two sets? Which set is
between your atria and ventricles? How can the name help you remember?
Atrioventricular- between your atria and ventricles; its location is in the name
Semilunar- shaped like half-moons
6) (1 pt) Your heart is designed so that it can beat on its own without the brain telling it to. What part of
your heart is responsible for “keeping the beat”?
pacemaker
7) (1 pt) The phase which is relaxed filling is called _diastole_. The phase which is contracted, “squeezing
out” is called _systole_. What do we call the two numbers of a blood pressure reading?
Diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure
8) (1 pt) What are the three signs of a heart attack?
chest discomfort, upper body discomfort, difficulty taking a breath
9) (1 pt) Name the four chambers of your heart. You’ll need to know them in order for the test!
Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium left ventricle
10) (1 pt) When people are sedentary or eat the wrong foods, what can build up in their heart, and what
can this cause?
fatty material called plaque; vessels can get clogged leading to a heart attack
11) (3 pts) Color the picture of the heart provided, and label all the following structures:
Draw arrows indicating which direction the blood flows through the different structures and valves.
E
G
H
F D K
J C J
B
KA
I
A
right ventricle
B
right atrium
C
left ventricle
D
left atrium
E
superior vena cava
F
inferior vena cava
G
aorta
H
pulmonary artery
I
pulmonary vein
J
semilunar valves
K
atrioventricular valves