1. What does CHD stand for?
Coronary Heart Disease
2. What is coronary heart disease (use these slides, don’t google the answer!)?
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is when the arteries that supply the heart muscle cells become
blocked so the blood flow to the heart muscle cells is reduced.
3. Give three risk factors (things about your lifestyle) that will increase your chance of getting
CHD?
Smoking, High fatty or high salt diet, high alcohol, obese
4. Who is more likely to suffer with CHD: a man or a woman?
Men
5. Is CHD only caused by lifestyle choices?
No there is a genetic factor and the risk increases as you get older.
S3a.2 continued.
Today we are going to focus on looking at the advantages and disadvantages to different
treatments of cardiovascular disease (cardio means heart and vascular means blood
transport system so veins and arteries). We will then look at exam technique in answering
these questions.
Copy out this table of advantages and disadvantages of treating coronary heart disease.
I have added in an extension one at the end for the very keen among you – you would
need to google artificial blood advantages and disadvantages to fill it in!
Treatment
Advantage
Disadvantage
Drugs – statins
Stents
Heart transplant
Replacement
valves
Artificial blood
Carried on next page
Evaluate questions and answers. Remember, in science, when you evaluate
something you compare the advantages and disadvantages AND give a final
conclusion about which is better using a reason from you answer.
Have a go at this question. Read the exam technique advice underneath
first.
1. People can be treated for cardiovascular diseases with statins or aspirin.
Information about these two drugs is given in the table.
STATINS
Statins are only available on prescription
from doctors.
ASPIRIN
Aspirin can be bought over the counter.
The cost of treating patients with statins
can vary between £150 and £500 per
year, depending on the type of
cardiovascular disease being treated.
Treatment with aspirin costs up to £15
per year.
In studies, 30 000 patients were
monitored over several years. Statins
were found to reduce the rate of nonfatal heart attacks by about 30%.
In a study of 1000 patients aspirin was
found to reduce the risk of non-fatal
heart attacks by 31%.
Approximately 0.1% of the patients
suffered serious muscle damage and
0.01% suffered kidney failure.
Aspirin was found to cause bleeding of
the stomach in around 0.5% of patients
and there was a slightly increased risk of
poor blood clotting at cuts
Evaluate the use of statins or aspirin for the treatment of cardiovascular
diseases.
In your answer you should:
•
give your recommendation
•
use information from the table to support your recommendation by
making comparisons of the two drugs.
Exam technique:
For each row of the table, highlight which drug is the better option.
Use this in your answer.
Remember to use connecting words such as ;whereas’, ‘however’, ‘on the
other hand’ and to give your conclusion at the end. A good way to finish
your answer with your conclusion is to write ‘overall, I think … are best at
treating cardiovascular diseases because…’
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