Threats to Elizabeth at home and abroad
Who were the main threats?
Threat One:
Threat Three:
Threat Two:
Threat Four:
Revolt of the Northern Earls, 1569
Why did it happen?
What happened?
Significance of the Revolt?
The Ridolfi, Throckmorton and Babington plots
Plot
What happened?
What was the significance?
Which do you think was the biggest threat to Elizabeth? Why?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Mary Queen of Scots
Why was Mary, Queen of Scots executed?
What was the significance of Mary, Queen of Scots’ execution?
Spain and the impact of Francis Drake
Who was Francis Drake?
What did he do?
Why did Elizabeth want to do this?
How did it impact Anglo-Spanish relations?
Why was he significant?
England VS Spain in the Netherlands
5 Increased tensions with Spain
4
3
2
1
Peace 1567
1587
A) 1567 Spanish ships were sailing to the Netherlands with troops to stamp out Protestantism. Elizabeth’s
Privy Councillors put pressure on her to help Dutch Protestant rebels. She wanted to avoid anything that could
lead to war with Spain.
B) Instead in 1567 Elizabeth indirectly helped Dutch Protestants resist the Spanish by allowing Spanish ships
and colonies to come under attack from English privateers, pursuing friendly relations with France and
encouraging others to fight the Spanish in the Netherlands.
C) In 1570 Elizabeth offered the promise of a marriage alliance with the heir to the French throne, Duke of
Alencon. She hoped to alarm Phillip enough to give the Dutch their independence back. She encouraged the
Duke to fight the Spanish in the Netherlands.
D) 1576 the Spanish government in the Netherlands was all but bankrupt, the cost of war was too great.
Spain’s forces in the Netherlands finally mutinied after months without pay, rampaging through Dutch towns
and violently robbing Antwerp in November. This was known as the Spanish Fury.
E) 1576 the Pacification of Ghent said all Spanish troops were to be expelled from the Netherlands, the
restoration of self-rule by the Dutch and an end to religious persecution. Elizabeth sent a loan of £100,000 to
the Dutch rebels and agreed to send out an armed force to the Netherlands to help ensure the Pacification of
the Ghent was carried out.
F) 1577 Phillip’s brother, Don Juan, arrived in the Netherlands and agreed to the Pacification of Ghent.
G) 1577 6 months later, Phillip sent a new army to attack the Dutch. This ruined Elizabeth’s hopes of a
Protestant Netherlands. She encouraged volunteers (not her official army) to fight the Spanish in her name.
H) 1579 The Duke of Parma was now in control of the Spanish forces and fought against the troops that
France had sent in.
I) 1581 Duke of Alencon came to England, Elizabeth agreed to give him £70,000 for support in the
Netherlands.
J) 1584 Duke of Alencon dies and William of Orange (leader of Dutch Protestant rebels was assassinated)
K) 1584 The French signed the Treaty of Joinville with Phillip to secure his help against French Protestants.
This meant France and Spain were now allied against Protestantism.
L) 1585 Dutch Protestants come to England to offer Elizabeth the sovereignty of the Netherlands, she refused.
She did sign the Treaty of Nonsuch which put Spain and England at war: Elizabeth had agreed to intervene
directly in the Netherlands on the side of the rebels. England financed an army of 7,400 troops.
M) 1586 Robert Dudley was entrusted to lead Elizabeth’s army, instead he accepted the title of the Governor
General of the Netherlands, Elizabeth was furious as it implied she was deposing Philip as the King of the
Netherlands. He led the Dutch Protestants on to lose battles with the Spanish.
N) 1587 Elizabeth ordered Drake to attack Spain’s navy. He sailed into Cadiz, Spain’s most important harbour
and destroyed 30 ships and their provisions – this was known as singeing of the King of Spain’s beard.
O) 1587 Phillip launched the Spanish Armada to invade England, depose Elizabeth and impose a new, Catholic
government in England.
P) 1588 The Armada failed due to England sending in fire ships and their clever tactics.
Anglo-Spanish relations
How could Elizabeth be to blame for the worsening of relations?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
How could Elizabeth be not to blame for the worsening of relations?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Which was the greatest threat to Elizabeth?
Threat
Rating out of 10
(10=severe)
Revolt of the
Northern Earls
Throckmorton
Ridolfi
Babington
Mary, Queen of
Scots
Spain
Netherlands
Why?