Republic of the Philippines
Union College
Name: Maria Teresa J. Esteban
Topic: Determinants and Components of Personality
Components of Personality
Openness to experience- Inventive/Curious vs. Consistent/Cautious
Openness to experience refers to a person's accepted level of imagination and includes multiple
experiences like appreciating art, experiencing various emotions and taking up adventurous ideas.
Someone who is inventive and curious is likely to have a more active intellectual thought process and
multiple/different ways of dealing with a situation or problem.
Conscientiousness- Efficient/ Organized vs. Easy-going/ Careless
It represents a planned and organized approach rather than spontaneity and randomness. A 'structured'
person puts great value on order and control which reflects a way of approaching tasks. For example,
such a person plans a project to the last detail, in a precise manner. In certain extreme cases, it appears
somewhat obsessional or overly perfectionist. A 'low structured' person has a more relaxed and casual
approach to life. As long as jobs are completed, they do not worry about systems or schedules or
organization and can sometimes appear disorganized. They may miss important details or be late for
appointments. In a managerial sense, they prefer the over-view or strategic approach, rather than the
detail-oriented approach of a project.
extraversion- Outgoing/Energetic vs. Solitary/Reserved
Extraversion implies energy, positive emotions, forcefulness, friendliness, and chattiness. The extrovert
person is sociable, outgoing and attracted to others. However, extroverts can be impulsive and
sometimes take risks without weighing the odds. Contrarily, an introvert is less concerned with others
and is more inward-looking. Generally, they have a moderate outlook and a cautious approach to work
but lack excitement. Introverts do not want to be 'in charge' nor do they seek limelight. More often,
their attitude is one of a personal challenge (the inner game), rather than competition with others.
Agreeableness- Friendly/Compassionate vs. Cold/Unkind
The ability to show compassion and co-operation. It is a personality trait that can help you be an
amicable person in the workplace. Giving a cold shoulder to people you encounter on a regular basis
may not go down well and may hamper your work and progress in the long and short run
Neuroticism- Sensitive/Nervous vs. Secure/Confident
It refers to emotional stability, control over emotions and impulses, a tendency for anger, nervousness,
despair, or susceptibility. Those with self-confidence are relaxed, optimistic, enjoy responsibility and like
to be tested. Under pressure, they react calmly and in an organized way, and have faith in their coping
ability. At work, they can deal with unexpected events easily, and present their views confidently. Those
with low confidence or emotional instability, have difficulty coping with stress. While they can assume
responsibility, they may find it to be a strain. They also question their abilities and show pessimism. At
workplace, they like predictability and avoid complex, open-ended situations. It suggests that routine
jobs in large, supportive organizations are more likely to suit them.