
Describe the anatomy of the muscles of the pelvic wall and floor
Pelvic walls
- Antero-inferior
 Pubic bone and pubic symphysis
- Posterior
 Ligaments
o Anterior sacro-iliac
o Sacrospinous
o Sacrotuberous
 Piriformis
- Lateral
 Obturator foramen and membrane
 Obturator internus
o Medial surface : obturator fascia- tendinous arch
Pelvic floor
- Pelvic diaphragm
 Levator ani
o Pubococcygeus
o Iliococcygeus
o Puborectalis
 Coccygeus
- Separates pelvic cavity from perineum
- Levator ani
 Attached to thickening of obturator fascia
o Tendinous arch
- Pelvic diaphragm
 Anterior gap
o Urogenital hiatus
 Urethra
 Vagina (female)

Describe the anatomy of the peritoneal reflections
-
Abdominal parietal peritoneum continues into pelvis
Does not reach the pelvic
Reflects onto pelvic viscera
Fossae
 Supravesical fossa
 Recto-uterine pouch (of douglas)
 Vesicouterine pouch
 Rectovesical pouch
 Pararectal fossa

Describe the anatomy of the perineum, including its boundaries, spaces and contents
-
Diamond – shaped space inferior to pelvic floor
Divided into:
 Urogenital triangle
o Anterior
o Male and female
 Anal triangle
o Posterior
o Anal canal and anus
 Imaginary line between ischial tuberosities
Boundaries
 Perimeter
o Pelvic outlet
 Lateral aspects
o Lower parts of obturator internus and fascia
 Roof
o Inferior surface of pelvic diaphragm
 Floor
o Skin of perineum
-

Describe the anatomy of each of the structures found in the urogenital triangle of
males & females
Urogenital triangle
• Anterior
• Male & female external genitalia

-
Describe the anatomy of the structures in the anal triangle
Anal triangle
 Posterior
 Anal canal and anus