World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Questions
(1) Truth or Fraud: Put  for true statements and  for false statements.
1. British soldiers landed at Possession Point during the First Anglo-Chinese War.
(
)
2. Under the Treaty of Nanjing, Hong Kong Island was ceded to Britain.
(
)
3. Britain had ruled Hong Kong for one hundred years.
(
)
4. Robinson was the first governor of Hong Kong.
(
)
5. According to the Convention of Beijing, the whole Kowloon Peninsula was ceded
to Britain.
(
)
6. Under the Convention Respecting an Extension of Hong Kong Territory, the ‘New
Territories’ were ceded to Britain in 1898.
(
)
7. The Hong Kong government was formed according to the rules set by the Letters
Patent and the Royal Instructions.
(
)
8. The governor of Hong Kong was appointed by the King (or Queen) of England.
(
)
9. The Legislative Council and the Executive Council were set up to help the
governor make policies and laws.
(
)
10. The Sanitary Board was set up to deal with district affairs of Hong Kong Island
and Kowloon.
(
)
11. The Heung Yee Kuk was responsible for the local affairs of the urban areas. (
)
12. In the mid-19th century, the social status of the Chinese people in Hong Kong was
very low.
(
)
13. Ng Choy was the first Chinese unofficial member of the Executive Council.(
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)
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
14. In the early 20th century, most of the Chinese were still discriminated against.
(
)
15. Hong Kong’s population decreased rapidly after the outbreak of the Taiping
Rebellion in China.
(
)
16. Public hospitals were built in Hong Kong from 1848 onwards.
(
)
17. Piracy was serious when the British took over Hong Kong.
(
)
18. From the 1840s to the 1890s, a curfew was imposed in Hong Kong, prohibiting all
people from going out at night.
(
)
19. The early Chinese policemen were called ‘Luk Yee’.
(
)
20. The early policemen in Hong Kong were mainly Chinese and British.
(
)
21. During the early days of British rule, all government schools were set up by the
government.
(
)
22. Most young people in Hong Kong could receive education in the early 20th
century.
(
)
23. In 1878, Governor Hennessy ordered that Chinese should be taught in all
government schools.
(
)
24. The University of Hong Kong, the first university in Hong Kong, was founded in
the late 19th century.
(
)
25. Entrepot trade was an important economic activity of Hong Kong in the second
half of the 19th century.
(
)
26. In the 19th century, opium from India was shipped to China via Hong Kong.
(
)
27. The early business centre in Hong Kong was on the southern part of Hong Kong
Island.
(
)
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
28. Before the mid-19th century, there was only one shipping company from Britain
that provided services to Hong Kong.
(
)
29. The Standard Chartered Bank was already in Hong Kong in the early years of
British rule.
(
)
30. The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation was set up in 1865.
(
)
31. Ferries and the Peak Tram had come into service in Hong Kong by the late 19th
century.
(
)
32. The first reclamation in Hong Kong was carried out in Wan Chai.
(
)
33. Jardine, Matheson & Company set up its office in Hong Kong in the mid-19th
century.
(
)
34. All declared monuments in Hong Kong were Western buildings.
(
)
35. People were not allowed to use the buildings that are declared monuments. (
)
36. The Flagstaff House becomes the Legislative Council Building today.
(
)
37. All streets in Hong Kong were named after historical events or figures.
(
)
38. Nathan Road was named after a governor of Hong Kong.
(
)
39. Religious organisations contributed much to the social welfare development of
Hong Kong in the early days of British rule.
(
)
40. The Tung Wah Group of Hospitals refers to the Tung Wah Hospital, the Tung Wah
Eastern Hospital and the Kwong Wah Hospital.
(
)
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
(2) Matching: Match the following columns together.
‧
1. The Treaty of Nanjing
The Convention of Beijing
‧
The Convention Respecting ‧
an Extension of Hong Kong
Territory
The Letters Patent and the
‧
‧
Hong Kong Island was ceded to
‧
Britain.
The Hong Kong government was
‧
formed based on these documents.
The southern part of Kowloon
Peninsula was ceded to Britain.
‧
Royal Instructions
2. Pottinger
Queen Victoria
Chow Shouson
Hennessy
Ng Choy
The ‘New Territories’ were leased
to Britain for 99 years.
‧
‧
‧
‧
‧
3. Executive Council
Legislative Council
Sanitary Board
Heung Yee Kuk
Po Leung Kuk
‧
‧
‧
‧
‧
‧
He ordered that English should be taught in
‧
‧
all government schools.
She was the Crown of England.
He was the first Chinese unofficial member
‧
of the Legislative Council.
He was the first Chinese unofficial member
‧
of the Executive Council.
He was the first governor of Hong Kong.
‧
It advised the government on affairs related
‧
to the New Territories.
It gave shelter to the abused women and
‧
‧
children.
It kept the urban areas in Hong Kong clean.
It made laws as well as examined and
‧
adopted taxes.
It advised the governor on making policies
and carrying out laws.
4. Government Central School ‧
Central School for Girls
Court of Final Appeal
Old Supreme Court
‧
‧
‧
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‧
It is the former French Mission
‧
Building.
It was converted to the Museum of
‧
Tea Ware in 1984.
It was the first government school for
‧
girls.
It is the Legislative Council Building
4
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
‧
Flagstaff House
‧
today.
It is now known as the Queen’s
College.
‧
‧ The population of Hong
mainland of China to Hong Kong
during the Taiping Rebellion.
Hong Kong was short of land.
‧
Plague was frequent in early Hong ‧
Kong increased rapidly.
‧ The Sanitary Board was set up.
‧ A street nearby was named
Kong.
British troops landed at Possession ‧
Possession Street.
‧ Reclamation projects were
5. Many Chinese fled from the
Point and occupied Hong Kong
Island in 1841.
British traders needed capital for
carried out.
‧
‧ Many British banks were set up
trade and business.
6. Possession Point
Boundary Street
in Hong Kong.
‧
‧
‧
It was built after the completion of
‧
reclamation in Central.
It was the first place where the British
Chater Road
‧
‧
soldiers landed in 1841.
It stretched from Wan Chai to Sai Wan.
Queen’s Road
‧
‧
It marked the boundary that separated
‧
Kowloon Peninsula into the southern and
northern parts.
It was built after the completion of
Kennedy Town
‧
reclamation in the Western District.
7. 1842
1860
1872
‧
‧
‧
‧
‧
‧
The Convention of Beijing was signed.
The Tung Wah Hospital was set up.
The ‘New Territories’ were leased to Britain.
1898
1997
‧
‧
‧
‧
China took back sovereignty over Hong Kong.
Hong Kong Island was ceded to Britain.
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
(3) Time Sense: Arrange the following in chronological order.
1.
(a) Signing of the Treaty of Nanjing; (b) Signing of the Convention Respecting
an Extension of Hong Kong Territory; (c) Signing of the Convention of Beijing
________________________________________________________________
2.
(a) Cession of Kowloon Peninsula; (b) Cession of Hong Kong Island; (c) Lease
of the New Territories
_________________________________________________________________
3.
(a) Outbreak of the Second Anglo-Chinese War; (b) Outbreak of the First
Anglo-Chinese War; (c) Britain’s occupation of Hong Kong Island
_________________________________________________________________
4.
(a) Setting up of the Sanitary Board; (b) Setting up of the Heung Yee Kuk; (c)
Setting up of the Executive Council
_________________________________________________________________
5.
(a) Chow Shouson became an Executive Councillor; (b) The curfew was lifted;
(c) Ng Choy became a Legislative Councillor
_________________________________________________________________
6.
(a) Outbreak of a plague in Hong Kong; (b) Establishment of the Sanitary Board;
(c) Establishment of the Regional Council
_________________________________________________________________
7.
(a) The first public hospital was built; (b) A police force was formed; (c) The
curfew was lifted
_________________________________________________________________
8.
(a) Establishment of the Board of Education; (b) Beginning of English learning
in Hong Kong; (c) Setting up of the Government Central School
_________________________________________________________________
9.
(a) Beginning of public education in Hong Kong; (b) Founding of the University
of Hong Kong; (c) Setting up of the Central School for Girls
_________________________________________________________________
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
10. (a) The Suez Canal was opened to navigation; (b) Hong Kong was declared a
free port; (c) The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation was set up
_________________________________________________________________
11. (a) The Peak Tram was constructed; (b) The Star Ferry came into service; (c) Bus
services began in Hong Kong
_________________________________________________________________
12. (a) The Kai Tak Airport was opened; (b) The KCR began its service from Tsim
Sha Tsui and Lo Wu; (c) Trams came into service
_________________________________________________________________
13. (a)Reclamation in Central; (b) Reclamation in the Western District; (c)
Reclamation in Sheung Wan
_________________________________________________________________
14. (a) Governor Hennessy; (b) Governor Pottinger; (c) Governor Nathan
_________________________________________________________________
15. (a) The Legislative Council began to have non-government officials; (b) The
Executive Council began to have non-government officials; (c) The Executive
Council was set up
_________________________________________________________________
16. (a) A police force was formed; (b) The British soldiers landed at Possession Point;
(c) The Convention of Beijing was signed
_________________________________________________________________
17. (a) Hong Kong was declared a free port; (b) The New Territories were leased to
Britain; (c) The Treaty of Nanjing was signed
_________________________________________________________________
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
(4) Multiple Choice: Choose the correct answers and put them in the boxes below.
1.
Under which of the following treaties did Hong Kong come under British rule?
(1) The Treaty of Nanjing
(2) The Boxer Protocol
(3) The Convention of Beijing
(4) The Convention Respecting an Extension of Hong Kong Territory
A. (1), (2), (4)
B. (1), (3), (4)
C. (2), (3), (4)
D. (1), (2), (3), (4)
□
2.
The British troops first landed at ____________ in 1841.
A.
C.
3.
5.
B.
D.
Wan Chai
Sheung Wan
□
Which two of the following were the boundaries between China and Hong Kong
under British rule in the 19th century?
(1) Lo Wu
(2) Shenzhen River
(3) Boundary Street
(4) Lok Ma Chau [落馬洲]
A.
C.
4.
Causeway Bay
Central
(1), (3)
(2), (3)
B.
D.
(1), (4)
(2), (4)
Who was the first governor of Hong Kong?
A. Pottinger
B. Robinson
C. Hennessy
D. Nathan
□
□
Which of the following statements about Hong Kong coming under British rule
was incorrect?
A. Hong Kong Island was ceded to Britain under the Treaty of Nanjing.
B.
The whole Kowloon Peninsula was ceded to Britain under the Convention
of Beijing.
C. 235 islands were leased to Britain as part of the ‘New Territories’.
D. The ‘New Territories’ were leased to Britain for 99 years.
□
6.
Who was/were the head of British administration in Hong Kong?
A. The Crown of England
B. The governor
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
C.
D.
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Members of the Legislative Council
Members of the Executive Council
□
7.
Which of the following was not established for helping the government take care
of district affairs?
A. The Sanitary Board
B. The Heung Yee Kuk
C. The Urban Council
D. The Legislative Council
□
8.
Which of the following descriptions about the Executive Council was incorrect?
A. It had no non-government officials when it was first set up in 1843.
B. It advised the governor on making policies.
C.
D.
9.
It was responsible for the administration of Hong Kong.
It had three government officials in 1843.
□
Which of the following descriptions about the Legislative Council was incorrect?
A. It had no non-government officials when it was first set up in 1843.
B. It was responsible for taking care of district affairs.
C. Its decisions had to be approved by the governor.
D. It had three government officials in 1843.
□
10. Which of the following descriptions about the Sanitary Board was incorrect?
A.
B.
C.
D.
It was formed by the leaders of the New Territories.
It was set up to keep the urban areas in Hong Kong clean.
It was renamed the Urban Council in 1935.
It had been set up by the end of the 19th century.
□
11. Which of the following statements could reflect the low social status of the
Chinese people in Hong Kong in the early 20th century?
(1) All important positions in the government were held by foreigners.
(2) All the government officials in the Executive and Legislative Councils were
foreigners.
(3) Chinese people were not allowed to live in the Peak.
(4) Chinese people could only become the Legislative Councillors.
A. (1), (2), (3)
B. (1), (2), (4)
C. (1), (3), (4)
D. (2), (3), (4)
□
12. Why were a few Chinese allowed to take part in politics in the late 19th century?
(1) People demanded democracy.
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
(2) Some Chinese people were well educated.
(3)
(4)
A.
C.
The government wanted to gain support of the Chinese people.
Some Chinese merchants became very rich.
(1), (2), (3)
B. (1), (2), (4)
(1), (3), (4)
D. (2), (3), (4)
□
13. __________ was the first Chinese unofficial member of the Legislative Council,
while __________ was the first Chinese unofficial member of the Executive
Council.
(1) Robert Hotung
(2) Ng Choy
(3)
(4)
A.
C.
Chow Shouson
Lo Man Kam
(1), (4)
(1), (3)
B.
D.
(2), (3)
(3), (4)
□
14. In the mid-19th century, the policemen in Hong Kong mainly consisted of:
(1) British
(2) Indians
(3) Chinese
(4) Portuguese
A.
C.
(1), (2)
(1), (2), (3)
B.
D.
(1), (3)
(2), (3), (4)
□
15. Which of the following governors ordered that English should be taught in all
government schools?
A. Governor Pottinger
B. Governor Lugard
C. Governor Hennessy
D. Governor Clementi
□
16. Which of the following educational policies were carried out in Hong Kong from
1842 to the early 20th century?
(1) Setting up of government schools
(2) Implementation of free education
(3) Implementation of English learning
(4) Founding of the first university
A. (1), (2), (3)
B. (1), (2), (4)
C. (1), (3), (4)
D. (2), (3), (4)
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□
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
17. Which of the following statements about the economic development of Hong
Kong up to the early 20th century was incorrect?
A. Hong Kong had become an important entrepot in Asia by the late 19th
century.
B. Opium from India was imported into China via Hong Kong.
C. Chinese tea and silk were mainly exported to Southeast Asia via Hong
Kong.
D. Local industries in Hong Kong were small in scale.
□
18. The earliest industries in Hong Kong were associated with ____________.
A. shipping
B. farming
C. tourism
D. information technology
□
19. In the mid-19th century, the most common means of transport in Hong Kong
were _________ and __________.
(1) sedan chairs
(2) trams
(3) rickshaws
(4) trains
A. (1), (2)
B.
C. (2), (4)
D.
(1), (3)
(3), (4)
□
20. The first reclamation in Hong Kong was carried out in ____________.
A. Causeway Bay
B. Wan Chai
C. Central
D. Sheung Wan
□
21. Reclamations have started in Hong Kong since the ____________.
A. 1840s
B. 1850s
C. 1860s
D. 1870s
□
22. Which of the following was not a reason for Hong Kong to develop into an
entrepot?
A. Developments of the shipping and banking industries promoted the growth
of entrepot trade.
B. The free port policy of Hong Kong led to the growth in entrepot trade.
C. Victoria Harbour is a good natural harbour.
D. Hong Kong had been an important commercial city of China for hundreds
of years.
□
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
23. Which of the following is not a declared monument in Hong Kong?
A. Old Wan Chai Post Office
B. The University of Hong Kong
C. Former Kowloon-Canton Railway Terminus Clock Tower
D. The Government House
□
24. Which of the following streets/roads was not named after a governor of Hong
Kong?
A. Pottinger Street
B. Hennessy Road
C. Po Shan Road
D. Nathan Road
□
25. Which organisation was set up in the second half of the 19th century to give
shelter to abused women and children in Hong Kong?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Kwong Wah Hospital
Po Leung Kuk
Tung Wah Hospital
Caritas Community Centre
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□
12
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
(5) Fill in the Blanks: Fill in the following blanks with the correct answers.
1.
After the outbreak of the First World War, British soldiers came ashore and
occupied _____________. In 1842, China was defeated and was forced to sign
the _____________ with Britain. From then on, Hong Kong came under British
rule.
2.
Hong Kong came under British rule in three stages: (1) The Treaty of Nanjing
was signed in 1842, and _____________ was ceded to Britain. (2) Under the
_____________, the southern part of _____________ and Stonecutters Island
were also ceded to Britain. (3) In 1898, the Convention Respecting an Extension
of Hong Kong territory was signed, under which the _____________ were leased
to Britain for 99 years.
3.
The colonial government of Hong Kong was formed according to the rules set by
the _____________ and the _____________. The head of the British
administration in Hong Kong was the _____________, who was appointed by
the _____________.
4.
The _____________ Council was set up to advise the _____________ on policy
making, while the _____________ Council was responsible for making laws. In
1843, both of the two councils had only three _____________ officials.
5.
The _____________ was set up in 1883 to keep the urban areas in Hong Kong
clean. It was reorganised and renamed the _____________ in 1935. The
_____________ was set up by the leaders of the New Territories to advise the
governor on affairs related to the New Territories.
6.
In the 1880s, the government began to allow a few Chinese to take part in
politics. In 1880, _____________ was appointed as the first Chinese unofficial
Legislative Councillor. In 1926, _____________ became the first Chinese
unofficial member of the Executive Council.
7.
In the mid-19th century, the hygienic conditions in Hong Kong were very poor
and epidemics were common. Although the government had built
_____________ from 1848 onwards and established the _____________ in 1883,
the situation did not improve much.
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
8.
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
The government introduced a series of measures to solve the social problems in
Hong Kong. For example, a _____________ was imposed on Chinese people,
who were not allowed to go out after 9 p.m. Besides, a _____________ was
formed in 1843 to combat crime.
9.
In the mid-19th century, the policemen in Hong Kong were either
_____________ or _____________. The Chinese called them ‘_____________’
because they wore green uniforms.
10. In the early days of British rule, most schools in Hong Kong were run by
_____________. In 1860, the government set up the _____________ in order to
further develop education.
11. The number of government schools increased in the 1860s. For example, the
_____________ was set up in 1862. Moreover, the _____________, which was
the first government school for girls, was set up in 1890.
12. In 1878, Governor _____________ ordered that English should be taught in all
government schools.
13. Soon after Hong Kong came under British rule, _____________ trade developed.
Tea, silk and porcelain from China were shipped to _____________ through
Hong Kong. At the same time, _____________ from India was shipped to China
via Hong Kong.
14. Hong Kong was declared a _____________ during the British occupation in
1841. Ships could sail into and out of Hong Kong freely. There was no tax on
_____________. This led to the growth of entrepot trade.
15. In 1865, the _____________ was set up. It had a huge amount of capital and
soon became the largest bank in Hong Kong.
16. From the 1850s onwards, the government carried out many _____________
projects to increase flat land for urban development. The most extensive one was
carried out in _____________ from 1890-1904.
17. By the 1890s, Hong Kong had become an important _____________ in Asia. It
handled about 40% of China’s foreign trade.
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
18. Apart from reading books, we can study the history of Hong Kong through
streets and historical _____________, some of which have become
_____________ and are well preserved.
19. In the second half of the 19th century, some Chinese merchants set up the
_____________ and the _____________ to help the Chinese people. The former
provided the poor Chinese with _____________ and burial services, while the
latter aimed at protecting _____________ and children.
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
(6) Sorting: Distinguish the odd item from each question and write it on the line
provided.
1.
Hong Kong Island; Kowloon; New Territories
_________________________________________________________________
2.
Treaty of Nanjing; Convention of Beijing; Convention Respecting an Extension
of Hong Kong Territory
_________________________________________________________________
3.
Treaty of Nanjing; Letters Patent; Royal Instructions
_________________________________________________________________
4.
Treaty of Nanjing; Treaty of Tianjin; Convention of Beijing
_________________________________________________________________
5.
Sanitary Board; Legislative Council; Heung Yee Kuk
_________________________________________________________________
6.
Executive Council; Legislative Council; Sanitary Board
_________________________________________________________________
7.
Ying Wa College; St. Paul’s College; Government Central School
_________________________________________________________________
8.
The University of Hong Kong; Former French Mission Building; Central Police
Station
_________________________________________________________________
9.
Mass Transit Railway (MTR); Star Ferry; Peak Tram
_________________________________________________________________
10. Western District; Central; Eastern District
_________________________________________________________________
11. Possession Street; Des Voeux Road; Hennessy Road
_________________________________________________________________
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
12. Tung Wah Group of Hospitals; Po Leung Kuk; Salesians of Don Bosco [慈幼會]
_________________________________________________________________
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
(7) Vocabulary: Define the following historical terms with simple words.
1.
Treaty of Nanjing
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2.
Convention of Beijing
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3.
Convention Respecting an Extension of Hong Kong Territory
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
4.
Letters Patent and Royal Instructions
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
5.
Governor of Hong Kong
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
6.
Executive Council
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
7.
Legislative Council
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
8.
Government officials
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
9.
Non-government officials
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
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18
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
10. Sanitary Board
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
11. Heung Yee Kuk
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
12. Curfew
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
13. University of Hong Kong
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
14. Entrepot
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
15. Declared monuments
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
16. Boundary
Street
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
17. Tung Wah Group of Hospitals
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
18. Po Leung Kuk
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
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19
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
(8) Short Questions: Give short answers to the following questions.
1.
Why did Hong Kong come under British rule?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2.
Which two advisory bodies were set up in the second half of the 19th century?
What were the responsibilities of them?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3.
Identify the social status of the Chinese people in Hong Kong in the early days of
British rule.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
4.
Why did the Hong Kong government allow a few Chinese (elites) to take part in
politics in the 1880s?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
5.
What measures did the Hong Kong government introduce to solve the hygiene
problems in the 19th century?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
6.
What were the social problems in Hong Kong during the early days of British
rule?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
7.
How did the opening of the Suez Canal help strengthen the position of Hong
Kong as an entrepot?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
8.
Describe the development of the local industries in Hong Kong during the early
days of British rule.
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
20
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
9.
Why did the Hong Kong government carry out many reclamation projects from
the 1850s onwards?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
10. What geographical advantages did Hong Kong have in order to develop into an
entrepot?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
11. Give two examples of declared monuments that are related to the British
administration.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
12. How did the Tung Wah Group of Hospitals help the Chinese people in the 19th
century?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
13. What was the aim of the setting up the Po Leung Kuk?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
21
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
(9) Long Questions: Give detailed answers to the following questions.
1.
Describe the three stages in which Hong Kong came under British rule.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2.
Identify the power of the governor under the early political structure of Hong
Kong.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
3.
‘The social status of the Chinese in Hong Kong began to rise in the late 19th
century.’ Give two examples to support this point of view.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
4.
How did the government solve the social problems in Hong Kong during the
early days of British rule?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
5.
Briefly describe the changes in the educational development of Hong Kong from
the mid-19th century to the early 20th century.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
6.
Describe the development of entrepot trade in Hong Kong in the second half of
the 19th century.
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
22
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
7.
How did the entrepot trade promote the economic development of Hong Kong?
Explain your answer.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
8.
Identify the reclamation projects carried out in Hong Kong up to the early 20th
century.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
9.
Analyse the reasons for Hong Kong to develop into an important entrepot in the
late 19th century.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
10. Explain the reasons for the establishment of the Po Leung Kuk.
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
23
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
(10) Data-Based Questions: Study the sources provided and answer the following
questions.
1.
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
The passage below is adapted from Convention A that was signed in 1898:
Whereas it has for many years past been recognised that an extension of Hong
Kong territory is necessary for the proper defence and protection of the
colony. It has now been agreed between the Governments of Great Britain and
China that the limits of British territory shall be enlarged under lease to the
extent indicated generally on the annexed map. The exact boundaries shall be
hereafter fixed when proper surveys have been made by officials appointed by
the two Governments. The term of this lease shall be ninety-nine years...
Source B
A cartoon about the situation of China in 1898
(1)
What is the name of Convention A? Cite two clues from source A to
support your answer.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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24
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
(2)
What message did the cartoon of source B convey? Explain your answer.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Infer the relationship between sources A and B.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
25
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
2.
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
Source B
Source C
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
26
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
(1)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Which historical event of Hong Kong was the street in source A related
to?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(2)
Identify the similarities and differences between the streets in sources B
and C using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Which of the streets above still keeps its function nowadays?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
27
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
3.
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Study the source below and answer the following questions.
Source A
British
Monarch
Letters Patent and
Royal Instructions
Governor
Legislative
Council
American Constitution
Judiciary
Congress President Supreme
Court
The U.S. federal government
Executive
Council
The Hong Kong government
(1)
Put a ‘’ in the correct boxes.
Which of the following government structures is based on the idea of
separation of powers?
 The Hong Kong government
 The U.S. federal government
Which Enlightenment thinker suggested the idea of separation of
powers?
 John Locke
 Montesquieu
 Voltaire
(2)
From what do the two governments above derive their supreme power?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
List two kinds of powers enjoyed by the Hong Kong governor but not
the U.S. President. (Hint: Pay attention to the relationship between the
governor/president and the executive, legislative and judicial branches.)
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
28
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
4.
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
The passage below is adapted from a history book:
In principle, the governor only carries out the policies made by the Colonial
Office, ... he must report to it and ask for its instructions, but in some
occasions, the governor would pay lip service to the Colonial Office if he
thinks that its instructions may affect his rule. Besides, the governor,
according to practical needs, would also take measures before informing
London or even without informing London. In fact, the Colonial Office only
understands the situation of Hong Kong when the Governor reports to it.
Source B
The passage below is adapted from a history book:
The Chinese accounted for the majority of Hong Kong’s population, but the
political influence of the Chinese was much lower than that of the British.
However, since there were a large number of Chinese people, the signed
petition of the Chinese leaders put pressure on the government. For example,
Governor MacDonnell (1866-1872 in office) introduced the system of
licensed gambling, but the system was then cancelled because of the
opposition of the Chinese. Regarding the abolition of ‘meizai’ (maidservants),
the government suspended the implementation of the policy due to the
opposition of some Chinese merchants.
Source C
The power of the governor
is second only to God’s in
this British colony.
Governor Grantham (1947-1957 in office)
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29
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
(1)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Was the governor under the tight control of the Colonial Office, as
reflected in source A?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(2)
What constraints was the governor subjected to, as reflected in source B?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Discuss whether the view of Governor Grantham (source C) was
justified with reference to sources A and B.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
30
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
5.
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
The passage below is adapted from a history book:
Organisation A was presided by a government official, and the Principal Civil
Medical Officer [醫務衛生總監] became its vice-president in order to provide
professional guidance. Other government officials included: the Director of
Public Works [ 工 務 司 ], the Registrar-General [ 華 民 政 務 司 ] and the
Superintendent of Police [警察總監]. Among the eight non-government
officials, three of them had to be Chinese.
Source B
The officers of Organisation A carried out the campaign of cleaning floors [洗太
平地] during the plague period.
(1)
Identify the name and the year of establishment of Organisation A.
__________________________________________________________
(2)
What was the major work of Organisation A? Explain your answer with
reference to source B.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
What were the differences between the composition of Organisation A
and that of other government departments in the late 19th century? Why?
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
31
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
32
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
6.
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
The passage below is adapted from a history book:
In 1898, British troops stationed in the New Territories, but encountered
resistance from many of the rural inhabitants. For example, the villagers of
Kat Hing Wai, Kam Tin, defended themselves against the British troops. There
ensued bitter fighting with heavy Chinese casualties. After the British troops
put down the resistance of the inhabitants in the New Territories, Governor
Blake promised them, ‘Your commercial and land rights would be protected,
and the government would not inference with your customs and traditions.’
Source B
The passage below shows the conflicts between the Hong Kong government
and the inhabitants of the New Territories in the early 20th century:
In August 1923, the rural gentry in the New Territories sent a petition to the
Land Officer on the issue of land tax. They pointed out that in the past, the
New Territories villagers did not have to pay any tax when building houses on
private farmland. However, the government intended to implement a new
policy that villagers had to pay land tax when they built houses on the private
farmland. In November, the rural gentry in the New Territories sent a petition
to the governor again, asking him to withdraw the land tax policy.
(1)
Infer the reason why Governor Blake made the promise as shown in
source A.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(2)
Did the Hong Kong government carry out the promise of Governor
Blake? Explain your answer with reference to source B.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Which advisory body was formed as a result of the situation you have
mentioned in Q2? Explain your answer.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
33
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
7.
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
The passage below is adapted from a history book:
In 1904, trams came into service on Hong Kong Island. The tramcars were all
single-deck, and they were divided into two classes. The first-class tramcars,
seating 32 passengers, were designed mainly for Western passengers and the
second-class tramcars, seating 48 passengers, were mainly for Chinese
passengers.
Source B
By the early 20th century, only foreigners were allowed to live in the Peak. This
picture shows the European-style buildings of the foreigners in the mid-levels
and the buildings of the Chinese at the foot of the hill.
(1)
Identify the social phenomenon in early 20th-century Hong Kong, as
reflected in sources A and B.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(2)
Explain the emergence of the social phenomenon mentioned above using
your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
34
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Give an example that reflected the social phenomenon mentioned above
in the political aspect.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
35
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
8.
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
The Happy Valley Racecourse in the early 1860s
Source B
Clubs, such as the Hong Kong Club and the Hong Kong Jockey Club, were
entirely a Western world that excluded the Chinese.
Source C
In the early days under British rule, the Chinese prisoners received different
treatments from foreign prisoners. The prison cells for Chinese prisoners were
much smaller than those for foreign prisoners. About five or six Chinese
prisoners were kept in a cell, while three foreign prisoners shared a cell.
Source D
The passage below is about Governor Hennessy (1877-1882 in office):
Governor Hennessy was so disliked by the European community that when he
left Hong Kong in early 1882, no members of the British business community
went to the pier for the traditional farewell ceremony. Leading members of the
Chinese community, however, came to bid the governor farewell, presenting
him with gifts and embroidered silk banners.
(1)
Are sources A and B consistent with each other? Explain your answer.
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
36
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(2)
Which social phenomenon in Hong Kong in the second half of the 19th
century did sources A-C show?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
What attitude do you think Governor Hennessy would hold towards the
social phenomenon mentioned above? Infer with reference to source D.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
37
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
9.
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
Wong Shing [ 黃 勝 ] studied at the Morrison
Memorial School in Macau when he was young. He
then studied in the U.S. and returned to Hong Kong
a year later. In 1870, he took part in the
establishment of the Tung Wah Hospital. He also
helped the Qing government lead a group of students
to study in the U.S. Between 1884 and 1890, he was
appointed as the unofficial member of the
Legislative Council, and became the second Chinese
Legislative Councillor. Besides, he was among the
first group of Chinese who were appointed as the
unofficial members of the Sanitary Board (later
known as the Urban Council).
Source B
Ho Kai graduated from the Government Central
School (present Queen’s College) and studied in
Britain in 1871. He received the MBCM degree
(Bachelor of Medicine, Master of Surgery) at the
Aberdeen University. He then studied law at
Lincoln’s Inn and was called to the bar. He married
Alice Walkden in London. In 1882, Ho Kai returned
to Hong Kong and practiced law. In 1887, he
co-founded the Alice Memorial Hospital with the
London Missionary Society and Dr. Patrick Manson,
the founder of the tropical medicine field. With the
opening of the hospital, the Hong Kong College of
Medicine was also founded, which later became the
University of Hong Kong. Ho Kai was appointed as
the unofficial member of the Sanitary Board and the
Legislative Council in 1888 and 1890 respectively.
He was awarded a knighthood in 1910.
(1)
Identify the similarities and differences between Wong Shing and Ho Kai
with reference to the sources above.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
38
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
(2)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Infer the political status of the Chinese elite in Hong Kong in the early
20th century using the examples of Wong Shing and Ho Kai
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
39
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
10. Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
The living conditions of the Chinese people in Hong Kong in the second half of
the 19th century
Source B
A plaque hanging in the Kwong Fook I-tsz [廣福義祠], Sheung Wan, from the
1899 onwards. The words read : ‘The prestige vanquished the plague’.
Source C
The passage below is adapted from a history book:
The government carried out a series of measures after the outbreak of the
plague, such as house-to-house visitation and compulsory removal of the
sick. ...Governor Blake (1898-1903 in office) ordered a massive rat hunt. To
encourage citizens to kill rats, rewards were offered at two cents a rat.
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
40
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Source D
The Bacteriological Institute [香港細菌學院] that was established in 1906
(Present Hong Kong Museum of Medical Sciences [香港醫學博物館])
(1)
Infer the cause of the plague of 1894 with reference to source A.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(2)
Compare the attitudes of the government and the Chinese towards the
plague with reference to sources B and C.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Explain the relationship between the building in source D and the plague
of 1894.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
41
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
11. Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
A situation prevailing in Hong Kong during the 1840s
Source B
The passage below is adapted from a report of a British in Hong Kong in the
1850s:
We often encountered serious problems of public security. ...In this week, I
read the following crime news from a newspaper: A plot of a Chinese to
poison 25 men in the Royal Artillery Camp, a fight between a Chinese junk
and a boat of the British battleship, arson at the Central Market, assassination
of the governor, protection fee requests, violent robberies and burglaries.
Source C
The passage below is adapted from a history book:
In spite of the growing calls on banning opium-smoking in the international
community, the Hong Kong government refused to ban opium-smoking
because of the huge revenue from opium. In 1890, the license fee of opium
trade obtained by the government accounted for nearly one-fourth of the total
revenue. In 1918, the tax related to opium accounted for 46% of the total
revenue.
(1)
What was the Chinese in source A doing?
__________________________________________________________
(2)
Describe the general mood of the society in Hong Kong during the
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
42
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
second half of the 19th century with reference to sources A and B.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Did the Hong Kong government adopt any measure to deal with the
situation shown in sources A and B? Explain your answer with reference
to source C, and using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
43
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
12. Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
The numbers of government rural Chinese schools and their students in Hong
Kong (1847-1865)
Year
Number of schools
Number of students (registered)
1847
3
Unknown
1848
3
95
1852
5
134
1855
10
400
1859
19
937
1862
16
453
1863
11
355
1865
11
322
Source B
The passage below is adapted from a history book:
The Government Central School was established in 1862 at Gough Street,
Central...It was a British-style school for the Chinese children and emphasised
both Chinese and English learning. ... English lessons were taught in the
afternoon that emphasised reading, phonetics, grammar and sentence writing,
etc. Textbooks were bought from Britain. ... Apart from the Government
Central School, the government set up several similar government schools
subsequently.
(1)
Identify the trend in the changing numbers of government rural Chinese
schools and their students during 1847-1865, as reflected in source A.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(2)
Explain the causes of the trend above with reference to source B, and
using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
44
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
13. Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
The passage below is adapted from a website:
In the early 20th century, Governor Lugard (1907-1912 in office) felt an
urgent need to establish a university in Asia to compete with the other great
powers opening universities in China. Besides, when the Chinese people
shared the British values, Britain could expand its influence in southern China
and consolidate its rule in Hong Kong. Therefore, University A was founded
in 1911.
Source B
The passage below is adapted from a history book:
In 1912, Governor Lugard said, ‘University A serves as a British university in
Hong Kong For China. The purpose of setting up the university is to provide a
British-style university education for Chinese students in order to assist in the
modernisation of China. Besides, since Lugard thought that English learning
was important to expand English influence in the Far East, English was used
as the major medium of instruction at University A.
Source C
The passage below is adapted from the website of University A:
Today, the university comprises 10 faculties: Faculty of Architecture, Faculty
of Arts, Faculty of Business and Economics, Faculty of Dentistry, Faculty of
Education, Faculty of Engineering, Faculty of Law, Li Ka Shing Faculty of
Medicine, Faculty of Science and Faculty of Social Science... the university
will endeavour: to advance constantly the bounds of scholarship, building
upon its proud traditions and strengths; to provide a comprehensive education,
developing fully the intellectual and personal strengths of its students while
developing and extending lifelong learning opportunities for the community;
to produce graduates of distinction committed to lifelong learning, integrity
and professionalism, capable of being responsive leaders and communicators
in their fields...
(1)
Identify the name of University A.
__________________________________________________________
(2)
‘The political role of University A was more significant than its
academic role.’ Do you agree with this point of view? Explain your
answer with reference to the situation of University A in its early days.
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
45
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Is the point of view mentioned in Q2 still justified today? Explain your
answer with reference to source C, and using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
46
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
14. Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
A study hall in early Hong Kong
Source B
A school in today’s Hong Kong
(1)
Complete the table below.
Places of Education
Source A
(Early Hong Kong)
________________
Source B
(Today’s Hong Kong)
________________
Students’ gender
________________
________________
Medium of Instruction
________________
________________
Establishment of
University
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 Yes
47
 No
 Yes
 No
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
(2)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
When did the development of education start in Hong Kong?
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Why was education developed at that time?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(4)
Was local education generally available in the early 20th century? Why?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
48
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
15. Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
Central waterfront in the late 19th century
Source B
Sai Wan Pier in the late 19th century
Source C
Number and tonnage of ships entering the Victoria Harbour (1844-1927)
(1)
Year
Number of ships
Tonnage of ships
1844
538
189,257
1861
1,286
652,187
1871
28,635
3,158,519
1881
27,051
4,475,820
1891
26,953
6,768,918
1913
21,867
22,939,134
1927
29,052
36,867,745
What kind of economic activity in Hong Kong in the late 19th century do
sources A and B show?
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
49
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(2)
Identify the trend in the development of the economic activity above
from the mid-19th century to the early 20th century, as reflected in
source C.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Infer impacts of the economic development mentioned above on the
industrial development of Hong Kong in the early 20th century with
reference to source C.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
50
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
16. Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
Victoria Harbour in 1905
Source B
Taikoo Sugar Refinery, Quarry Bay, in 1900
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
51
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Source C
The headquarters building of the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation,
Central, in 1902
(1)
Hong Kong was no longer a fishing village after it came under British
rule in the mid-19th century. How did its role change? Explain your
answer with reference to source A.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(2)
Sources B and C show other economic developments in Hong Kong in
the early 20th century. What were they?
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Using your own knowledge, explain how the change you have
mentioned in Q1 promoted the economic developments in sources B and
C.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
17. Study the source below and answer the following questions.
Source A
Queen’s Road in 1910
(1)
A very common means of transport in the early 20th century is shown in
the picture above. What is it?
__________________________________________________________
(2)
Compare the means of transport in Q1 with today’s cars. Name one
advantage and one disadvantage of that particular means of transport.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
By the early 20th century, trams and cross-harbour ferries had come into
service. What changes did their emergence bring to the development of
transportation in Hong Kong?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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53
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
18. Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
Source B
Source C
The means of transportation shown in source B connected Tsim Sha Tsui and
Lo Wu with a length of 36.4 km and five stations: Hung Hom, Yaumati,
Shatin, Tai Po Market and Fanling. People had to queue for a long time in
order to buy train tickets.
(1)
Identify the means of transportation shown in sources A and B, and the
year when they came into service.
__________________________________________________________
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
(2)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
What were the similarities and differences in the purpose of opening the
means of transportation above? Explain your answer using your own
knowledge.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Which means of transportation underwent a bigger change in those years?
Explain your answer with reference to the sources above, and using your
own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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55
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
19. Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
The passage below is about the bus services in Hong Kong:
To better manage the bus services in Hong Kong, the government
implemented the bus franchise system in the 1930s. Franchises were given to
two bus companies to operate bus services in specific areas, i.e. Hong Kong
Island, and Kowloon and the New Territories. Part of their profits had to be
given to the government.
Source B
Source C
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Source D
In March 1985, the Island Line was opened with service between Admiralty
Station and Chai Wan Station. In May 1986, the Island Line was extended to
Sheung Wan Station.
(1)
What were the advantages of the franchised bus services, as reflected in
source A?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(2)
Which bus companies are sources B and C related to? In which regions
did the two companies provide their services?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Which of the companies above no longer provides bus services
nowadays? Infer its relationship with source D.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
57
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
20. The map below shows Hong Kong today. Study it carefully and answer the
following questions.
Source A
Shenzhen Special
Economic Zone
New Territories
A
C
Lantau Island
B
Hong Kong Island
Lamma Island
(1)
What places are A to C?
A _______________
B _______________
C _______________
(2)
Find evidence from the map above to show that reclamation projects
have been carried out in these places.
__________________________________________________________
(3)
When and where was the first reclamation project carried out in Hong
Kong?
__________________________________________________________
(4)
Why was reclamation necessary in Hong Kong?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
58
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
21. The sources below show four declared monuments in Hong Kong. Study them
and answer the following questions.
Source A
Source B
Source C
Source D
(1)
Name the declared monuments above and their locations.
Source A __________________________, _______________
Source B __________________________, _______________
Source C __________________________, _______________
Source D __________________________, _______________
(2)
Distinguish the features of the buildings above.
Traditional Chinese architecture: source ________ and source ________
Western-style architecture: source ________ and source ________
(3)
When were buildings in Western style first constructed in Hong Kong?
Why?
__________________________________________________________
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
__________________________________________________________
(4)
Why are the buildings above declared monuments?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
22. The sources below are pictures of Hong Kong taken at different times. Study
them and answer the following questions.
Source A
Source B
(1)
When do you think the pictures of Hong Kong above were taken? Put a
‘’ in the correct boxes.
Source A:  Early 19th century
 Late 19th century
Source B:  Early 19th century
 Late 19th century
(2)
With reference to the sources above, what changes took place in Hong
Kong during the 19th century?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
There are lots of ships in the harbour of source B. Which British policy
contributed to this? What was the impact of this policy on Hong Kong?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
23. Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
A police station that was built in 1864
Source B
A prison that was named after the Queen of England was built in 1841.
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Source C
A court that was built in 1914
(1)
Name the buildings in the sources above.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(2)
Infer the reasons for the buildings in sources A-C to be built next to each
other.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
How did the buildings in sources A-C show the history of British rule in
Hong Kong? Explain your answer from the perspectives of their
functions, names and architectural style.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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63
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
24. Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
Source B
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64
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Source C
Source D
The passage below is adapted from a website of the Hong Kong government
about heritage conservation:
Development and conservation are not opposing forces. We will strike a
balance between sustainable development and heritage conservation. We will
implement a package of measures to enhance heritage conservation. ...
Through good adaptive re-use of our historic buildings, we aim to give these
buildings a new lease of life for the enjoyment of the public. Our objectives
are to preserve and put historic buildings into good and innovative use, and to
transform historic buildings into unique cultural landmarks.
(1)
Identify the functions of the buildings in sources A-C when they were
first built.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(2)
What attitude does the Hong Kong government hold towards the
conservation of historic buildings, as reflected in source D?
__________________________________________________________
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Using the buildings in sources A-C as examples, comment the
effectiveness of the Hong Kong government in conserving historic
buildings.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
66
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
25. The sources below are pictures of Hong Kong streets. Study them and answer the
following questions.
Source A
Source B
Pottinger Street
Boundary Street
Source C
Source D
Possession Street
Nathan Road
(1)
Divide the above sources into two groups and fill in the following
blanks.
The first group includes sources A and ____________. Both of them
were named after ________________________. The second group
includes sources ____________ and ____________. They got their
names from ________________________.
(2)
What is special about the names of these streets?
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Which road was first constructed in early Hong Kong to commemorate
Queen Victoria? Where was it located? Why was it there?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
68
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
26. The sources below show two organisations providing social services in Hong
Kong. Study them and answer the following questions.
Source A
Source B
(1)
Complete the table below.
Source A
Source B
Name of Organisation ____________________ ____________________
Year of Establishment ____________________ ____________________
Established by
 Chinese Community  Chinese Community
 British Community  British Community
People served
mainly ______________ mainly ______________
Services provided
mainly ______________ mainly ______________
____________________ ____________________
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
(2)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
From the services provided by the organisations above, what can you tell
about the government policy in social welfare at that time?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Were there any other organisations that provided social services for the
Chinese at that time?
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
70
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
27. Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
The passage below is adapted from a history book:
In 1869, a colonial official visited the Kwong Fook I-tsz [廣福義祠] in
Sheung Wan. He founded that the temple was small and overcrowded. The
ventilation was poor, and the dying patients were lying on the ground. There
was a complete lack of basic medical and health facilities. The official was
very surprised... The governor made some investigations and realised that...
although the government had set up hospitals, Chinese patients would rather
be sent to the temple, or even die on the street. They did not want to be sent to
the hospital. ... The governor had no choice but discussed with Chinese
leaders for the first time to find a solution.
Source B
Established in 1872, the Tung Wah Hospital provided free Chinese medical
services to the sick and the poor.
Source C
The passage below is about the Alice Memorial Hospital [雅麗氏醫院]:
Ho Kai established the Alice Memorial Hospital in 1887. Besides, he
co-founded the Hong Kong College of Medicine with the London Missionary
Society in the same year. On one hand, Chinese people were trained as
doctors. On the other hand, the advantages of Western medical treatment and
medicine were promoted among the Chinese. Ho Kai wanted to convince
Chinese people that Western medicine was acceptable.
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
(1)
Infer why the Chinese people in Hong Kong ‘did not want to be sent to
the hospital’ in the second half of the 19th century as mentioned in
source A.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(2)
What did the ‘solution’ in source A refer to? Explain your answer with
reference to source B.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Do you think the ‘solution’ mentioned above could effectively solve the
medical problems of Hong Kong in the long term? Explain your answer
with reference to the sources above.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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72
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
28. Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
The passage below is about the Tung Wah Hospital:
The Tung Wah Hospital was completed and opened in 1872. At the opening
ceremony, the most important ritual was the worship of Shennong [神農氏].
Since Hong Kong was a Chinese community, the worship of gods and spirits
was indispensable in people’s lives. However, the worship of gods in the Tung
Wah Hospital caused controversy. As the founding directors thought that the
Tung Wah Hospital was a charitable organisation that aimed at providing free
medical services and saving people from suffering, no gods or spirits should
be worshipped in the hospital in order not to spread the idea of superstition.
However, since Shennong was one of the ancient emperors and the father of
Chinese medicine, the worship of Shennong could fulfil the aims of the
hospital of providing free medical services and saving people from suffering.
Therefore, Shennong was worshipped in the Tung Wah Hospital.
Source B
A burial ground built for the destitute after the plague of 1894
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Source C
The passage below is extracted from the Rules of the Tung Wah Coffin
Home [《東華義莊規條》]:
When local citizens and overseas Chinese die, their coffins can be deposited in
the coffin home for three months in order to transport the dead bodies back to
their birthplaces for proper burial. If the depository expires after a period of
three months, a monthly fee of a half silver dollar is charged for each coffin. If
the depository expires after a period of a year, the coffin home will bury the
dead bodies in the burial ground and set up a monument.
Source D
The passage below is adapted from the website of the Tung Wah Group of
Hospitals:
The Diamond Hill Funeral Parlour [鑽石山殯儀館] of the Tung Wah Group
of Hospitals was completed and opened in 1977. When the Board of Directors
decided to close the Yau Ma Tei Funeral Parlour that was opened in 1971, all
the original equipment and staff were assigned to the Diamond Hill Funeral
Parlour. In 2009, the renovation of the Diamond Hill Funeral Parlour was
completed in order to upgrade the overall quality of service. The funeral
parlour now provides non-profit funeral services to the public and free funeral
services to poor families and the families with sudden economic difficulties.
(1)
List two features of the medical services provided by the Tung Wah
Hospital with reference to source A.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(2)
What other services did the Tung Wah Hospital provide in its early days,
as reflected in sources B and C?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
Does the Tung Wah Group of Hospitals still provide the services
mentioned above nowadays? Explain your answer with reference to
source D, and using your own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
(4)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Apart from the examples above, what other services does the Tung Wah
Group of Hospitals provide today? Give two examples.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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75
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
29. Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
The passage below is adapted from a history book:
In the late 19th century, abduction and trafficking of women and children were
serious in Hong Kong. They happened anytime and anywhere. Those abducted
women were forced into prostitution or sold overseas. Once they were
abducted, they could hardly escape. Only a few of them could escape by
themselves or be rescued by their families.
Source B
The passage below is adapted from the website of Organisation A:
Formally established as the Society for the Protection of Women and Children
in 1880, in our long history, we have prevented and resolved kidnappings,
protected destitute women and children, and assisted the Secretary for Chinese
Affairs (under British Rule) as a mediator in complex family and marriage
disputes.
Source C
The passage below is adapted from the website of Organisation A:
With our aims of caring, respecting, empowering, and providing quality
services, we deliver comprehensive range of social services to those in need,
including integrated family services, child care services, children and youth
services, rehabilitation services and elderly services. Our services are offered
to infants, teenagers from problem families, pre-school children, secondary
school students and teenagers, mentally and physically handicapped people,
unemployed people with economic difficulties and the elderly. Besides, we
provide non-profit educational services by setting up different types of
schools.
(1)
What social problems did Hong Kong face in the early days, as reflected
in source A?
__________________________________________________________
(2)
What is the name of Organisation A? Explain how the social problems
you have mentioned in Q1 led to the establishment of Organisation A
with reference to source B.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
(3)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
How do the functions of Organisation A change in Hong Kong nowadays?
Explain your answer with reference to source C.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
©LING KEE PUBLISHING CO., LTD.
77
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
30. Study the sources below and answer the following questions.
Source A
The passage below is about Ying Wa College:
Ying Wa College was founded in Malacca, Malaysia, in 1818 by Robert
Morrison of the London Missionary Society. The college was moved to Hong
Kong in 1843. ... Early mission of the school was ‘The reciprocal cultivation
of Chinese and European literature; and the diffusion of Christianity’. With
the mission to bridge Chinese and Western cultures and to preach the gospel,
Ying Wa College was also a place nurturing pastors and preachers.
Source B
The passage below is adapted from the website of St. Paul’s Hospital [聖保
祿醫院]:
St. Paul’s Hospital is run by the Sisters of St. Paul de Chartres Order. It started
its medical mission in 1898 by looking after the poor and the underprivileged
in Wan Chai and Happy Valley. ... St Paul’s Hospital exists to further the
kingdom of God on earth by continuing the healing mission of Jesus Christ....
We shall serve in the same spirit of dedication, do our utmost in relieving the
human suffering and upgrading the quality of life of the sick.
Source C
In 1848, the Sisters of St. Paul de Chartres Order established the ‘Asile de la
Sainte Enfance’ [聖童之家] in Wan Chai to look after abandoned babies
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Source D
The passage below is adapted from a history book:
In 1846, the population of Hong Kong was about 2 million, but more than a
hundred abandoned babies were found within a month of that year. In view of
this, the church set up orphanages for the abandoned babies, which were
mostly girls. However, this caused a lot of misunderstanding among the
Chinese, and some superstitious people even accused the sisters of killing the
babies. In fact, since the babies had already suffered from serious illness, they
died shortly after they entered the orphanages.
(1)
Identify the similarity between the founders of Ying Wa College, St.
Paul’s Hospital and the ‘Asile de la Sainte Enfance’ with reference to
sources A-C.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(2)
Why did the founders of the organisations above provide social services
such as educational, medical and charitable services for the people?
Explain your answer with reference to the sources above, and using your
own knowledge.
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
(3)
According to source D, what attitude did the Chinese people hold
towards the founders of the organisations above during the second half of
the 19th century?
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
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79
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Answers
(1) Truth or Fraud
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10. 
11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 
16. 
17. 
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
18. 
19. 
20. 
21. 
22. 
23. 
24. 
25. 
26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
31. 
32. 
33. 
34. 
35. 
36. 
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81
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
37. 
38. 
39. 
40. 
(2) Matching
1. The Treaty of Nanjing - Hong Kong Island was ceded to Britain.
The Convention of Beijing - The southern part of Kowloon Peninsula was ceded
to Britain.
The Convention Respecting an Extension of Hong Kong Territory - The ‘New
Territories’ were leased to Britain for 99 years.
The Letters Patent and the Royal Instructions - The Hong Kong government was
formed based on these documents.
2. Pottinger - He was the first governor of Hong Kong.
Queen Victoria - She was the Crown of England.
Chow Shouson - He was the first Chinese unofficial member of the Executive
Council.
Hennessy - He ordered that English should be taught in all government schools.
Ng Choy - He was the first Chinese unofficial member of the Legislative Council.
3. Executive Council - It advised the governor on making policies and carrying out
laws.
Legislative Council - It made laws as well as examined and adopted taxes.
Sanitary Board - It kept the urban areas in Hong Kong clean.
Heung Yee Kuk - It advised the government on affairs related to the New
Territories.
Po Leung Kuk - It gave shelter to the abused women and children.
4. Government Central School - It is now known as the Queen’s College.
Central School for Girls - It was the first government school for girls.
Court of Final Appeal - It is the former French Mission Building.
Old Supreme Court - It is the Legislative Council Building today.
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Flagstaff House - It was converted to the Museum of Tea Ware in 1984.
5. Many Chinese fled from the mainland of China to Hong Kong during the Taiping
Rebellion. - The population of Hong Kong increased rapidly.
Hong Kong was short of land. - Reclamation projects were carried out.
Plague was frequent in early Hong Kong. - The Sanitary Board was set up.
British troops landed at Possession Point and occupied Hong Kong Island in 1841.
- A street nearby was named Possession Street.
British traders needed capital for trade and business. - Many British banks were
set up in Hong Kong.
6. Possession Point - It was the first place where the British soldiers landed in 1841.
Boundary Street - It marked the boundary that separated Kowloon Peninsula into
the southern and northern parts.
Chater Road - It was built after the completion of reclamation in Central.
Queen’s Road - It stretched from Wan Chai to Sai Wan.
Kennedy Town - It was built after the completion of reclamation in the Western
District.
7. 1842 - Hong Kong Island was ceded to Britain.
1860 - The Convention of Beijing was signed.
1872 - The Tung Wah Hospital was set up.
1898 - The ‘New Territories’ were leased to Britain.
1997 - China took back sovereignty over Hong Kong.
(3) Time Sense
1. (a) Signing of the Treaty of Nanjing; (c) Signing of the Convention of Beijing; (b)
Signing of the Convention Respecting an Extension of Hong Kong Territory
2.
(b) Cession of Hong Kong Island; (a) Cession of Kowloon Peninsula; (c) Lease
of the New Territories
3.
(b) Outbreak of the First Anglo-Chinese War; (c) Britain’s occupation of Hong
Kong Island; (a) Outbreak of the Second Anglo-Chinese War
4.
(c) Setting up of the Executive Council; (a) Setting up of the Sanitary Board; (b)
Setting up of the Heung Yee Kuk
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
5.
(c) Ng Choy became a Legislative Councillor; (b) The curfew was lifted; (a)
Chow Shouson became an Executive Councillor
6.
(b) Establishment of the Sanitary Board; (a) Outbreak of a plague in Hong Kong;
(c) Establishment of the Regional Council
7.
(b) A police force was formed; (a) The first public hospital was built; (c) The
curfew was lifted
8.
(a) Establishment of the Board of Education; (c) Setting up of the Government
Central School; (b) Beginning of English learning in Hong Kong
9.
(a) Beginning of public education in Hong Kong; (c) Setting up of the Central
School for Girls; (b) Founding of the University of Hong Kong
10. (b) Hong Kong was declared a free port; (c) The Hong Kong and Shanghai
Banking Corporation was set up; (a) The Suez Canal was opened to navigation
11. (a) The Peak Tram was constructed; (b) The Star Ferry came into service; (c) Bus
services began in Hong Kong
12. (c) Trams came into service; (b) The KCR began its service from Tsim Sha Tsui
and Lo Wu; (a) The Kai Tak Airport was opened
13. (c) Reclamation in Sheung Wan; (b) Reclamation in the Western District; (a)
Reclamation in Central
14. (b) Governor Pottinger; (a) Governor Hennessy; (c) Governor Nathan
15. (c) The Executive Council was set up; (a) The Legislative Council began to have
non-government officials; (b) The Executive Council began to have
non-government officials
16. (b) The British soldiers landed at Possession Point; (a) A police force was formed;
(c) The Convention of Beijing was signed
17. (a) Hong Kong was declared a free port; (c) The Treaty of Nanjing was signed;
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Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
(b) The New Territories were leased to Britain
(4) Multiple Choice
1.
B
2.
D
3.
C
4.
A
5.
B
6.
B
7.
D
8.
C
9.
B
10. A
11. A
12. D
13. B
14. A
15. C
16. C
17. C
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Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
18. A
19. B
20. D
21. B
22. D
23. B
24. C
25. B
(5) Fill in the Blanks
1.
Hong Kong Island; Treaty of Nanjing
2.
Hong Kong Island; Convention of Beijing; Kowloon Peninsula; New Territories
3.
Letters Patent; Royal Instructions; governor; King (or Queen) of England
4.
Executive; governor; Legislative; government
5.
Sanitary Board; Urban Council; Heung Yee Kuk
6.
Ng Choy; Chow Shouson
7.
public hospitals; Sanitary Board
8.
curfew; police force
9.
British; Indians; Luk Yee
10. religious bodies; Board of Education
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Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
11. Government Central School; Central School for Girls
12. Hennessy
13. entrepot; Europe; opium
14. free port; imported goods
15. Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation
16. reclamation; Central
17. entrepot
18. buildings; declared monuments
19. Tung Wah Group of Hospitals; Po Leung Kuk; medical; women
(6) Sorting
1.
New Territories (They were not ceded to Britain.)
2.
Convention Respecting an Extension of Hong Kong Territory (It was not signed
after China’s defeat at war.)
3.
Treaty of Nanjing (The formation of the Hong Kong government was not based
on it.)
4.
Treaty of Tianjin (It was not related to the cession of Hong Kong.)
5.
Legislative Council (It was not set up to deal with district affairs.)
6.
Sanitary Board (It was not an advisory body of the government.)
7.
Government Central School (It was not run by a religious organisation.)
8.
The University of Hong Kong (It was not a declared monument.)
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9.
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Mass Transit Railway (MTR) (It was not a means of transportation in Hong
Kong in the early 20th century.)
10. Eastern District (Reclamation was not carried out there in the early days of
British rule.)
11. Possession Street (It was not named after a governor of Hong Kong.)
12. Salesians of Don Bosco (It was not founded by the Chinese people.)
(7) Vocabulary
1.
After being defeated in the First Anglo-Chinese War, China was forced to sign
the Treaty of Nanjing in 1842. Under this treaty, China ceded Hong Kong Island
to Britain. From then on, Hong Kong had come under British rule.
2.
After China was defeated in the Second Anglo-Chinese War in 1860, it signed
the Convention of Beijing. It ceded Stonecutters Island and the southern part of
Kowloon Peninsula (up to Boundary Street) to Britain.
3.
In 1898, Britain and China signed the Convention Respecting an Extension of
Hong Kong Territory in Beijing. The northern part of Kowloon Peninsula (up to
the Shenzhen River) and 235 islands, known as the ‘New Territories’, were
leased to Britain for 99 years until 30 June 1997.
4.
The colonial government of Hong Kong was formed according to the rules set
by the Letters Patent and the Royal Instructions.
5.
The governor was the head of the British administration in Hong Kong. He was
appointed by the King (or Queen) of England and held great power. He made
policies and passed laws.
6.
The Executive Council advised the governor on making policies and carrying
out laws.
7.
The Legislative Council was responsible for making laws as well as examining
and adopting taxes. However, its decisions had to be approved by the governor.
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8.
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Government officials refer to those people who worked in the government and
were appointed as members of the Executive Council or the Legislative Council.
9.
Non-government officials were people who did not work in the government, but
were appointed by the governor as members of the Executive Council or the
Legislative Council. They were usually representatives from the industrial and
commercial sectors or people from certain organisations.
10. The Sanitary Board was set up in 1883 to keep the urban areas in Hong Kong
clean. In 1935, it was reorganised and renamed the Urban Council. Its duties
extended to cover other local affairs.
11. The Heung Yee Kuk was an advisory body formed by the leaders of the New
Territories in 1926 and advised the government on affairs related to the New
Territories.
12. In 1843, the government imposed a curfew on all Chinese people, who were not
allowed to go out after 9 p.m. This curfew was lifted in 1897.
13. In 1912, the University of Hong Kong was opened. It was the first university in
Hong Kong.
14. An entrepot is a place to which goods are imported and from which they are
re-exported to other places.
15. Declared monuments refer to those historical monuments in Hong Kong that are
legally declared by the Antiquities Authority to be protected.
16. In 1860, the southern part of Kowloon Peninsula was ceded to Britain. Boundary
Street is so-called because it used to mark the boundary that separated Kowloon
Peninsula into the northern and southern parts.
17. In 1872, a group of wealthy Chinese merchants raised money to set up the Tung
Wah Hospital. Its mission was to take care of the poor Chinese. Later, the Tung
Wah Hospital joined the Tung Wah Eastern Hospital and the Kwong Wah
Hospital to form the Tung Wah Group of Hospitals.
18. In 1878, some Chinese merchants set up the Po Leung Kuk to give shelter to the
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Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
abused women and children. The Kuk also worked with the government to fight
against kidnapping. Today, the Po Leung Kuk remains one of the most important
charitable organisations in Hong Kong and continues to have a great influence
on the society.
(8) Short Questions
1.
Hong Kong came under British rule as a result of three unequal treaties that the
Qing government signed with Britain in the 19th century. Since China was
defeated at war, it was forced to cede or lease parts of its territories to Britain.
2.
The Executive Council and the Legislative Council. The Executive Council
advised the governor on making policies and carrying out laws, while the
Legislative Council was responsible for making laws as well as examining and
adopting taxes.
3.
The Chinese people in Hong Kong had low social status during the early years of
British rule. They were discriminated against and were not allowed to take part in
politics or government affairs. All important positions in the government were
held by foreigners.
4.
At that time, some Chinese merchants became very rich because of the growth in
trade. They were also well educated, and they wanted to take part in government
affairs. Finally, in the 1880s, the government began to allow a few Chinese to
take part in politics.
5.
The government had built public hospitals from 1848 onwards. It also
established the Sanitary Board in 1883 to keep the urban areas in Hong Kong
clean.
6.
The social problems of Hong Kong were serious at that time. Firstly, there were
frequent piracy and robberies. Besides, the government had difficulty in
maintaining law and order. In addition, kidnapping and smuggling were frequent.
Finally, there were widespread gambling and opium-smoking.
7.
With the opening of the Suez Canal, ships from Europe can reach India and
China by sailing through the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. Thus, the
journey from Europe to Asia was shortened. This helped increase the trade
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Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
between the East and West and strengthen the position of Hong Kong as an
entrepot.
8.
Early industries in Hong Kong were small in scale. Most of them were closely
related to the entrepot trade and shipping, which included shipbuilding and ship
repairing. At the beginning of the 20th century, other local industries, such as
those producing matches, sugar, cement and rattan goods, began to develop.
9.
The early business centre in Hong Kong was on the northern part of Hong Kong
Island. Since Hong Kong Island was hilly, there was not enough flat land for
further economic development. Thus, from the 1850s onwards, the government
had carried out many reclamation projects to increase flat land for urban
development.
10. Hong Kong is located on the trading route between China and the West. Its
Victoria Harbour is a good natural harbour, which is deep and calm enough for
large ships to anchor.
11. The Government House and the Exterior of the Old Supreme Court in Central.
(Suggested answer only)
12. It provided the poor Chinese with services, such as low-priced or free medical
treatment, free medicine and free burial sites.
13. The Po Leung Kuk was a Chinese organisation that aimed at protecting women
and children.
(9) Long Questions
1.
Firstly, the First Anglo-Chinese War broke out in 1840. In August 1842, China
was defeated and was forced to sign the Treaty of Nanjing. Under this treaty,
China ceded Hong Kong Island to Britain. Secondly, during 1856-1860, the
British and the French fought against China in the Second Anglo-Chinese War.
China was once again defeated. In October 1860, it signed the Convention of
Beijing. It ceded Stonecutters Island and the southern part of Kowloon Peninsula
(up to Boundary Street) to Britain. Finally, Britain and China signed the
Convention Respecting an Extension of Hong Kong Territory in Beijing in 1898.
The northern part of Kowloon Peninsula (up to the Shenzhen River) and 235
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Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
islands, known as the ‘New Territories’, were leased to Britain for ninety-nine
years until 30 June 1997.
2.
The governor was the head of the British administration in Hong Kong. He was
appointed by the King (or Queen) of England and held great power. He made
policies and passed laws. Members of the Executive Council and the Legislative
Council were all appointed by the governor. The decisions of the Legislative
Council had to be approved by the governor.
3.
In 1880, Ng Choy was appointed as the first Chinese unofficial Legislative
Councillor. In 1926, Chow Shouson became the first unofficial Chinese member
of the Executive Council. From then on, the status of the Chinese people in Hong
Kong continued to rise.
4.
Firstly, the government imposed a curfew on all Chinese people, who were not
allowed to go out after 9 p.m. Besides, Britain sent its navy to patrol along the
coastal areas of Hong Kong to fight piracy. In addition, a police force was
formed in 1843. At first, there were only about twenty policemen. They were
either Indians or British. Later, some Chinese joined the force, but the number
was small. It was not until the end of the 19th century that most of the policemen
in Hong Kong were Chinese.
5.
In 1848, the government gave grants to some private schools and changed them
into government schools. To further develop education, the government
established the Board of Education in 1860. In the 1860s, the number of
government schools increased. For example, the Government Central School was
set up in 1862. In 1878, Governor Hennessy ordered that English should be
taught in all government schools. After that, English learning became more and
more popular in Hong Kong. In 1890, the government started the first
government school for girls - the Central School for Girls. In 1912, the
University of Hong Kong was opened. It was the first university in Hong Kong.
6.
Shortly after Hong Kong came under British rule, entrepot trade developed. Silk,
porcelain, tea and other goods from China were shipped to Europe through Hong
Kong. At the same time, opium from India was shipped to China via Hong Kong.
7.
Firstly, the growth of entrepot trade led to the development of the shipping
industry in Hong Kong. Besides, local industries, such as those producing
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up to the 20th century
matches, sugar, cement and rattan goods, began to develop. Moreover, the
increase of trade led to a need for banks to handle foreign exchange. Many banks
were set up in Hong Kong. Furthermore, developments in transportation were
made to cope with Hong Kong’s economic growth. Ferries, trams, trains and
buses came into service subsequently. Finally, reclamation projects were carried
out to increase flat land from the 1850s onwards for further economic and urban
development.
8.
The first reclamation in Hong Kong was carried out in the 1850s in Sheung Wan.
The second reclamation was carried out in the Western District in the 1870s and
1880s. It provided about one hundred thousand square metres of land in
present-day Kennedy Town. The most extensive land reclamation project was
carried out in Central from 1890 to 1904. It provided the land along present-day
Chater Road, Connaught Road and Des Voeux Road.
9.
Firstly, Hong Kong was declared a free port during the British occupation in
1841. Ships could sail into and out of Hong Kong freely. There was no tax on
imported goods. This led to the growth in entrepot trade. Many foreign
companies, such as Jardine, Matheson & Company and Butterfield & Swire
Company, soon came and set up their offices in Hong Kong. Besides, Hong
Kong is located on the trading route between China and the West. Its Victoria
Harbour is a good natural harbour, which is deep and calm enough for large ships
to anchor. Furthermore, when the entrepot trade started to grow, developments
were made in the shipping industry, banking and transportation. Reclamation
projects were also carried out. All these, in turn, led to further development of
entrepot trade. Finally, the population of Hong Kong grew rapidly from 1842
onwards. At the beginning of the 20th century, there were already more than
three hundred thousand people living in Hong Kong. This growing population
provided a huge and cheap labour force for shipbuilding, ship repairing and other
economic developments.
10. In the early days, many young girls in Hong Kong were kidnapped and sold as
‘meizai’ (maidservants) or prostitutes. In 1878, some Chinese merchants set up
the Po Leung Kuk to give shelter to the abused women and children. The Kuk
also worked with the government to fight against kidnapping.
(10) Data-Based Questions
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1. (1)
(2)
(3)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
The Convention Respecting an Extension of Hong Kong Territory. The
convention was signed between Britain and China in 1898. Under the
convention, the New Territories were leased to Britain for 99 years.
In the cartoon, the great powers were represented by the bear, the tiger, the
frog, the eagle and the sun, etc. They occupied different parts of the
Chinese territory. This showed that since China failed to resist the foreign
expansion, the great powers began to set up their spheres of influence in
China. China was nearly partitioned.
The cartoon of source B shows that China was too weak to resist the
foreign expansion. It was nearly partitioned by the great powers in the late
19th century. Therefore, Britain took this opportunity to force China to
sign the Convention Respecting an Extension of Hong Kong Territory
(source A) and ‘lease’ the New Territories to Britain.
2. (1)
(2)
The street in source A was related to British occupation of Hong Kong
Island. Although the Treaty of Nanjing had not been signed yet, British
troops landed at Sheung Wan and occupied Hong Kong Island in 1841.
Therefore, the place where the British troops first set foot on was called
‘Possession Point’ and the street nearby ‘Possession Street’.
The streets in both sources B and C were used to mark the boundaries
between Chinese and British territories. Under the Convention of Beijing,
the southern part of Kowloon Peninsula was ceded to Britain. The
Boundary Street was used to mark the boundary that separated Kowloon
Peninsula into the northern and southern parts. In 1989, the Convention
Respecting an Extension of Hong Kong Territory was signed. The New
Territories were leased to Britain. The Chung Ying Street was then used to
mark the boundary between the Mainland of China and Hong Kong.
When the Boundary Street was first built, a fence was used to separate
Kowloon Peninsula into the southern and northern parts. However, the
Chung Ying Street was an open border. There was no fence on the border
(3)
between the Mainland of China and Hong Kong.
After the New Territories were leased to Britain in 1898, the Boundary
Street lost its function as a boundary between the Chinese and British
territories. However, the Chung Ying Street still functions as a boundary
nowadays. Although the sovereignty of Hong Kong was transferred to
China and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) was set
up in 1997, there is still a boundary between the Mainland of China and
HKSAR. The Chung Ying Street marked the boundary between HKSAR
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Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
and Shenzhen.
3. (1)
(2)
Which of the following government structures is based on the idea of
separation of powers?
 The Hong Kong government
 The U.S. federal government
Which Enlightenment thinker suggested the idea of separation of powers?
 John Locke
 Montesquieu
 Voltaire
The early Hong Kong government got supreme power from the British
(3)
monarch, the Letters Patent and the Royal Instructions. The U.S. federal
government got supreme power from the American Constitution.
The powers of making policies and passing laws. (Suggested answer only)
4. (1)
(2)
(3)
No. According to source A, when the governor thought that the Colonial
Office’s instructions might affect his rule, he might deceive the Colonial
Office. Moreover, the governor could take measure according to practical
needs before informing London.
As reflected in source B, the governor might face the opposition of the
Chinese leaders. At that time, the Chinese leaders advised the governor on
making policies, put pressure on the governor by asking the governor to
withdraw some policies that might harm the interests and rights of the
Chinese or that were against the Chinese traditions, such as the licensing
system of gambling and the abolition of ‘meizai’. It can be seen that the
governor would consider the opinion of the Chinese people, who
accounted for the majority of the population, in order to ensure social
stability.
In my opinion, the view of Governor Grantham was not justified.
Although source A mentions that the governor could ignore the Colonial
Office and carry out policies according to practical needs, source B shows
that the governor would consider the opinion of the Chinese when making
policies. He would even withdraw or revise his policies due to the
opposition of the Chinese. Therefore, the governor held great power, but
the view of Governor Grantham that ‘the power of the governor was
second only to God’s’ was exaggerated.
5. (1)
Organisation A referred to the Sanitary Board, which was set up in 1883.
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(2)
(3)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
The Sanitary Board was set up to keep the urban areas in Hong Kong clean.
According to source B, a campaign of cleaning floors was carried out
during the plague period. The officers of the Sanitary Board cleaned streets
and houses. They even demolished and burned the houses in the infected
areas in order to stop the spread of disease.
Firstly, the number of non-government officials in the Sanitary Board was
larger than that of government officials. Besides, three of the members of
the Sanitary Board had to be Chinese, while other government departments
did not have such a rule.
Since the Sanitary Board was set up to keep the urban areas in Hong Kong
clean, its major work was closely related to the daily lives of the citizens.
Therefore, a number of non-government officials were appointed to gather
public opinions. Besides, since Hong Kong was a Chinese society, Chinese
members in the Sanitary Board could help the communication between the
government and the Chinese people.
6. (1)
(2)
(3)
Governor Blake made the promise to protect the interests of the rural
inhabitants and not to interfere with their traditions and customs. This was
because he wanted to gain the support of the rural inhabitants in order that
they might not organise anti-colonial struggles.
The Hong Kong government failed to keep Governor Blake’s promise.
According to source B, the government implemented a new policy that
imposed a land tax on the rural inhabitants who built houses on farmland.
It was against Blake’s promise of protecting the ‘land rights’ of the rural
inhabitants.
The situation mentioned in Q2 led to the formation of the Heung Yee Kuk.
To protest against the new policy of land tax, a group of rural inhabitants
formed the Heung Yee Kuk in 1926 to negotiate with the government.
Since then, the Heung Yee Kuk had become an important advisory body
which advised the government on affairs related to the New Territories. It
functioned as a bridge between the rural inhabitants and the government.
7. (1)
(2)
Sources A and B show that Chinese people were discriminated in the
society. There was clear division between the Chinese and the foreigners in
both transport and housing. They were segregated from each other.
Although the Chinese made up the majority of the population of Hong
Kong, they did not enjoy many rights under British rule. After Hong Kong
came under British rule, the government adopted discriminatory measures
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Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
against the Chinese in order to consolidate its rule. Therefore, the
(3)
8. (1)
(2)
(3)
foreigners enjoyed a higher social status, and the society was
Western-oriented.
The Chinese were not allowed to take part in politics or government affairs.
The situation did not change until Ng Choy became the first Chinese
unofficial Legislative Councillor in 1880. Besides, all important positions
in the government were held by foreigners, while the Chinese could only
take up junior positions.
As reflected in source A, people who took part in horseracing were all
foreigners. There were no Chinese people in Happy Valley Racecourse.
This was consistent with the description of source B that the Jockey Club
was a place where Chinese were excluded.
Sources A-C show that the Chinese people were discriminated against at
that time. Their social status was much lower than that of the foreigners.
For example, sources A and B show the clubs that were set up exclusively
for the foreigners. Source C shows that Chinese prisoners received worse
treatments than the foreign prisoners.
Governor Hennessy opposed the discriminatory policies against the
Chinese. He thought that the foreigners and the Chinese should be treated
equally. According to source D, Governor Hennessy maintained a good
relationship with the Chinese. When he left Hong Kong, the Chinese bade
him farewell and sent him gifts. This was because he had carried out
policies that raise the social status of the Chinese people. On the contrary,
the foreigners were discontented with Governor Hennessy’s friendly
attitude towards the Chinese. Therefore, no members of the British
business community bade him farewell.
9. (1)
Similarities: Both of them had studied abroad. Wong Shing had studied in
the U.S., while Ho Kai had studied in Britain. Besides, both of them were
once the unofficial members of the Legislative Council and the Sanitary
Board. In addition, both of them worked hard to improve the medical
services in Hong Kong. For example, Wong Shing took part in the
establishment of the Tung Wah Hospital, while Ho Kai founded the Alice
Memorial Hospital.
Differences: As reflected in the photos, Wong Shing wore traditional
clothes, but Ho Kai wore Western clothes. This shows that Ho Kai was
more Westernised. Besides, the Tung Wah Hospital founded by Wong
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Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Shing provided Chinese medical services, but the Alice Memorial Hospital
(2)
10. (1)
founded by Ho Kai provided Western medical services.
The Chinese elite in Hong Kong was absorbed in the government and their
political status rose. Most Chinese elite, such as Wong Shing and Ho Kai,
returned to Hong Kong after studying abroad. They contributed much to
the society and enjoyed great fame and high social status. Since the
influence of the Chinese elite grew, the government allowed the Chinese
elite to take part in politics, such as appointing them as the unofficial
members of the Legislative Council and the Sanitary Board. Thus, the
social status of the Chinese elite rose.
According to source A, the plague broke out because of the poor hygiene
in the Chinese society. The picture shows that people and animals were
living together. The Chinese kept a pig in their house. They had little
(2)
awareness of hygiene. The ground was covered with water and fish bones,
and the rats ran around. Since the disease could spread easily, the outbreak
of plague was inevitable.
The government and the Chinese held totally different attitudes towards
the plague. At that time, the Chinese were superstitious and they believed
that the plague was caused by the ghosts. Thus, they hung the plaque that
read ‘the prestige vanquished the plague’ (source B) in the temple and
(3)
hoped that the god would suppress the plague with its prestige. On the
other hand, the government adopted scientific measures to stop the spread
of the plague. According to source C, the government carried out
house-to-house visitation and a massive rat hunt.
The government paid more attention to the problem of infectious diseases
in Hong Kong after the plague of 1894. Apart from improving the hygiene
conditions in Hong Kong, the government set up the Bacteriological
Institute in 1906 for the studies of the origins and spread of diseases in
order to prevent a large-scale outbreak of infectious diseases.
11. (1)
(2)
The Chinese in source A were smoking opium and they were holding
opium pipes in their hands.
The general mood of the society in Hong Kong was bad and the problem
of public security was serious. According to source A, the Chinese were
addicted to opium smoking. They did not work and led a decadent life.
Source B shows the poor public security in Hong Kong. There were
frequent conflicts between the Chinese and the foreigners. Besides, serious
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Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
crimes, such as arson, assassination and burglaries, happened from time to
(3)
12. (1)
time. The lives of both the Chinese and the foreigners were under threat.
According to source C, since the government obtained a huge amount of
revenue from opium, it refused to ban opium-smoking until the early 20th
century. Regarding the public security, the government adopted some
measures to maintain law and order. For example, a police force was
formed in 1843 and its scope extended constantly. Besides, a curfew was
imposed on the Chinese, who were not allowed to go out after 9 p.m.
According to source A, the number of government rural Chinese schools
kept increasing during 1847-1865. In 1847, there were only 3 government
rural Chinese schools, while there were 19 in 1859. However, the number
of government rural Chinese schools began to drop from 1862. In 1865,
there were only 11 government rural Chinese schools left.
(2)
The number of students in the government rural Chinese schools
underwent similar changes. During 1847-1859, the number of students
kept increasing. It rose from 95 in 1847 to 937 in 1859. However, it began
to drop from 1962. It dropped to 453 in 1862, and further dropped to 322
in 1865.
According to source B, the Government Central School was set up in 1862
to provide Western education that emphasised both Chinese and English
learning. At that time, the entrepot trade grew in Hong Kong. A certain
degree of English proficiency was required for better-paid jobs, such as
clerks and interpreters. Therefore, the Government Central School, which
emphasised English learning, became popular. Thus, students who
attended government rural Chinese schools reduced. Since government
schools that emphasised English learning were set up subsequently, the
number of both government rural Chinese schools and their students kept
decreasing.
13. (1)
(2)
The University of Hong Kong.
Yes. As reflected in source A, the setting up of the University of Hong
Kong had clear political aims. The British wanted to compete with other
great powers and consolidate its rule in Hong Kong. In source B, Governor
Lugard said that the setting up of the university could ‘assist in the
modernisation of China’. Besides, he hoped that the influence of English
could be expanded in the Far East through English learning in the
university.
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(3)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
No. Firstly, since Hong Kong is not under British rule now, the University
of Hong Kong no longer serves the political aims of Britain. Besides,
source C shows that the university provides comprehensive education
nowadays. It has different faculties and aims at producing graduates of
distinction. It can be seen that the major aim of the university is to promote
intellectual development.
14. (1)
Places of Education
Source A
(Early Hong Kong)
Study halls
Source B
(Today’s Hong Kong)
Schools
Male only
Both male and female
Chinese
Chinese and English
Students’ gender
Medium of Instruction
Establishment of
University
(2)
(3)
(4)
15. (1)
(2)
(3)
 Yes
 No
 Yes
 No
In the 1840s.
Hong Kong came under British rule at that time. To develop Hong Kong
and consolidate its rule, the British introduced Western education to Hong
Kong.
Local education was not yet generally available in the early 20th century.
There were not enough schools for the growing population.
Both the porters in source A and the pier in source B showed the rapid
growth of entrepot trade in Hong Kong in the late 19th century. Hong
Kong had become an important entrepot.
According to source C, the number of ships entering the Victoria Harbour
increased from 538 in 1844 to 29,052 in 1927. The tonnage of ships also
increased from 189,257 in 1844 to 36,867,745 in 1927. This shows that the
entrepot trade in Hong Kong kept increasing from the late 19th to the early
20th centuries.
The entrepot trade in Hong Kong had grown constantly from the mid-19th
century onwards. Other industries that were related to entrepot trade were
promoted. According to source C, as the number of ships entering Hong
Kong kept increasing, developments were made in shipbuilding and ship
repairing industries. Dockyards were built in Hong Kong. Besides, the
goods that were transported via Hong Kong increased greatly. Raw
materials were gathered in Hong Kong for distribution. As a result, light
industries, such as sugar, cement and rattan goods, began to develop.
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
16. (1)
(2)
(3)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Hong Kong became an entrepot. As reflected in source A, foreign firms
were located along the coastal areas of Central. There were also many
ships sailing into Victoria Harbour.
Source B shows the development of light industries, while source C shows
the development of banking industry.
Following the growth of entrepot trade, a lot of goods and raw materials
were transported into and out of Hong Kong. Thus, local industries, such
as those producing matches, sugar, cement and rattan goods, began to
develop. Besides, the increase of trade led to a need for banks to handle
foreign exchange. Banking became one of the leading industries in Hong
Kong.
17. (1)
(2)
Rickshaws.
Using rickshaws could help to preserve the environment because they did
(3)
not produce air pollution. However, they ran much more slowly than cars.
(Suggested answer only)
The emergence of trams and ferries meant that vehicles were now run by
electricity and oil instead of manpower. The efficiency of trams and ferries
was also much higher than that of rickshaws.
18. (1)
Source A shows the Peak Tram, which began to run in 1888. Source B
(2)
(3)
shows the Kowloon-Canton Railway (KCR), which began its service from
Tsim Sha Tsui to Lo Wu in 1910.
The opening of the Peak Tram made the journey to and from the Peak a
more comfortable one. The foreigners living in the Peak could travel to
Central more quickly. On the other hand, since the trade between Hong
Kong and Guangzhou grew constantly, the traffic between the two places
became more frequent. The KCR was built to meet the increasing demand
for the transportation of passengers and goods.
The trains underwent a bigger change than the Peak Tram. The Peak Tram
is now run by electricity instead of steam power. However, the tramcar is
still single-deck, and the route of the Peak Tram remains unchanged. On
the contrary, the trains underwent great changes throughout the years. The
trains are now driven by electricity instead of steam power. Besides, a
number of stations have been built, such as Tai Wai Station, Kowloon Tong
Station and Sheung Shui Station, etc. However, the Yaumati Station no
longer exists. The terminus has been moved from Tsim Sha Tsui to Hung
Hom. In addition, people do not have to queue for a long time to buy the
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
train tickets because they pay their fares by using the Octopus card.
(Suggested answer only)
19. (1)
(2)
(3)
The bus franchise system could help the government better manage the bus
services and increase the government’s revenue because the bus companies
had to give part of their profits to the government.
Source B: Kowloon Motor Bus Company (KMB); Source C: China Motor
Bus Company (CMB)
The Kowloon Motor Bus Company provided bus services in Kowloon and
the New Territories, while the China Motor Bus Company provided bus
services on Hong Kong Island.
The China Motor Bus Company (CMB) does not provide bus services
nowadays. The CMB once provided bus services on Hong Kong Island.
However, with the opening of the MTR, the number of CMB passengers
dropped greatly. Finally, the CMB gave up its franchise in 1998.
20. (1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
A:Kowloon City
B:Stonecutters Island
C:Chek Lap Kok
The straight coastlines of these places show that reclamation projects have
been carried out.
The first reclamation project was carried out in Sheung Wan in the 1850s.
Hong Kong was hilly. Besides, the growing population and the rapid
growth of industries also led to a shortage of flat land. To solve this
problem, the government carried out reclamation projects to produce more
land.
21. (1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
22. (1)
Source A: Old Tai Po Market Railway Station, Tai Po
Source B: Main Building of the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam
Road
Source C: Former Kowloon-Canton Railway Clock Tower, Tsim Sha Tsui
Source D: Sam Tung Uk, Tsuen Wan
A, D
B, C
Buildings in Western style were first constructed in the 1840s when Hong
Kong came under British rule and more and more British came to live in
Hong Kong.
They are living evidence of our past and part of our culture.
Source A:  Early 19th century
Source B:  Early 19th century
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 Late 19th century
 Late 19th century
World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
(2)
(3)
23. (1)
(2)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Hong Kong developed from a deserted island with a small population into
a very busy port. (Suggested answer only)
Hong Kong was declared a free port during British occupation. This was
conducive to the growth of foreign trade and helped turn Hong Kong into
an entrepot later.
Source A: Old Central Police Station; Source B: Victoria Prison; Source C:
Former Central Magistracy
If the police station, the magistracy and the prison were built adjacent to
one another, the government could save a lot of time and human resources
in law enforcement, trial, detention and punishment of prisoners, etc. In the
early years of Britain rule, the suspects were first sent to the Central Police
Station after they were arrested. Then, they were sent to the Central
Magistracy for trial. Convicted persons were then sent to the Victoria
(3)
Prison, while the innocent persons were released immediately. The
functions of the Central Police Station Compound collaborated with one
another.
Regarding the functions, the Hong Kong government formed a complete
system of law enforcement and judiciary through the Central Police
Station, the Central Magistracy and the Victoria Prison. This reflected the
British rule in Hong Kong. Regarding the names, the Victoria Prison was
named after Queen Victoria of Britain, showing Hong Kong was part of
British territory. Regarding the architectural style, the Old Central Police
Station and the former Central Magistracy are typical European
architecture with the use of columns and arches. It showed the introduction
of Western culture during the period of British rule.
24. (1)
(2)
Source A: Tai Po Market Railway Station; Source B: Supreme Court;
Source C: Western Market
According to source D, the government holds a supportive attitude towards
the conservation of historic buildings. To strike a balance between
economic development and heritage conservation, the government hopes
to revitalise [活化] the historic buildings, which can then be opened for
(3)
public use. It is also good for heritage conservation.
The buildings in sources A-C are successful examples of the government
in conserving historic buildings. The Old Tai Po Market Railway Station
now houses the Hong Kong Railway Museum. The Old Supreme Court in
source B has become the Legislative Council Building. The Western
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World History Express 2
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Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Market in source C has been converted into a shopping centre. All these
historic buildings are preserved and put into new use.
25. (1)
(2)
(3)
The first group includes sources A and
D . Both of them were named
after
the governors of Hong Kong . The second group includes
sources
B
and
C . They got their names from
historical
events .
The names of these streets are related to certain historical events in Hong
Kong.
Queen’s Road in Central. It was built there because Central was the first
district to be developed in early Hong Kong.
26. (1)
Source A
Source B
Name of Organisation
Tung Wah Hospital
Po Leung Kuk
Year of Establishment
1872
1878
Established by
 Chinese Community  Chinese Community
 British Community  British Community
People served
Services provided
(2)
(3)
27. (1)
(2)
mainly poor Chinese
mainly women and
children
mainly saving and giving
mainly medical, burial
shelter to abused women
and educational services
and children
The government at that time did not pay much attention to the issue of
social welfare.
Many religious organisations also provided social services for the Chinese
at that time.
Although Hong Kong was under British rule, the Chinese people in Hong
Kong had anti-foreign feelings. The Chinese were suspicious of Western
medical treatment and Western medicine and doubted whether they were
harmful. Therefore, they would prefer dying in the Kwong Fook I-tsz, and
refuse to be sent to the hospital.
The ‘solution’ referred to the establishment of the Tung Wah Hospital
(source B). As the Chinese refused to accept Western medicine, many
social and hygiene problems were caused. In order to solve the problems,
the government allowed the Chinese leaders to set up the Tung Wah
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World History Express 2
Question Bank (Revised Edition)
Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
Hospital. According to source B, the Tung Wah Hospital provided people
(3)
28. (1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
with Chinese medical services, which were generally accepted by the
Chinese.
No. It was because the establishment of the Tung Wah Hospital could not
meet the great demand of the Chinese people for medical services. Besides,
Chinese people still did not accept Western medical treatment and Western
medicine. Source C shows that Ho Kai founded the Alice Memorial
Hospital in order to train the Chinese as doctors and promote the
advantages of Western medicine. He hoped that Western medicine would
be accepted by the Chinese people. This was the long-term solution to the
medical problems in Hong Kong.
Firstly, as reflected in source A, the Tung Wah Hospital provided free
medical services to the poor. Secondly, it provided Chinese medical
services to the people. Therefore, Shennong, the father of Chinese
medicine, was worshipped in the hospital.
In its early days, the Tung Wah Hospital provided burial services to the
Chinese. According to source B, the Tung Wah Hospital gathered and
buried the deaths of the plague in a burial ground and set up a monument.
Source C shows that the Tung Wah Coffin Home was a temporary coffin
depository for Hong Kong people and overseas Chinese. It also took care
of those who died without the means of proper burial.
Yes. As reflected in source D, the Diamond Hill Funeral Parlour of the
Tung Wah Group of Hospitals provides funeral services for the Hong Kong
people. Besides, the hospitals under the Tung Wah Group of Hospitals,
such as the Tung Wah Hospital, the Kwong Wah Hospital and the Tung
Wah Eastern Hospital, continue to provide Chinese and Western medical
services.
Apart from the services mentioned above, the Tung Wah Group of
Hospitals provides educational services, such as the set up of secondary
schools, primary schools and kindergartens. Besides, the Tung Wah Group
of Hospitals provides other social services, such as family counselling
services and child care services.
29. (1)
(2)
As reflected in source A, the abduction and trafficking of women and
children were serious in Hong Kong at that time. ‘They happened anytime
and anywhere.’
Po Leung Kuk. Since many young girls were abducted and sold as ‘meizai’
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Topic Five
Growth and development of Hong Kong
up to the 20th century
or prostitutes at that time, some Chinese merchants set up the Po Leung
(3)
30. (1)
(2)
(3)
Kuk to give shelter to abused women and children. The Kuk also worked
with the government to fight against kidnapping.
According to source C, the functions of the Po Leung Kuk have changed a
lot. Since the problem of kidnapping young girls had been solved, the Po
Leung Kuk changed its function from protecting women and children to
providing social and educational services to the poor and weak. The Kuk
helps not only women, but also children, the elderly and people with
financial difficulties, etc. The Kuk also provides educational services by
setting up schools and kindergartens.
All of them were founded by the religious bodies. Ying Wa College was
set up by the London Missionary Society, while St. Paul’s Hospital and the
‘Asile de la Sainte Enfance’ were set up by the Sisters of St. Paul de
Chartres Order.
They provided social services to Hong Kong people in order to spread
Christianity. According to source A, the mission of Ying Wa College was
to preach the gospel and to nurture pastors and preachers. Source B shows
that apart from providing medical services, St. Paul’s Hospital tried to
upgrade the quality of life of the sick by spreading Christianity. Moreover,
the ‘Asile de la Sainte Enfance’ was set up to look after abandoned babies
and to spread Christianity.
According to source D, the Chinese in Hong Kong did not trust the
religious bodies. They thought that the church set up orphanages for
selling baby girls. This caused a lot of misunderstanding. Some people
even thought that the sisters had killed the babies. This shows that
although Hong Kong was under British rule, the Chinese held a suspicious
attitude towards foreigners and had a prejudice against Western ideas, such
as the Church.
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