Chapt 1: Intro / Online Activity /Powerpoint
Organelles and their function
Ribosomes – site of protein synthesis
Mitochondria- site of reactions that release energy from food substances
Golgi apparatus- modifies and packages proteins for transport and secretion
Lysosomes- contain enzymes necessary for digesting substances that enter the cell
Peroxisomes- contain enzymes that catalyze metabolic reactions that release hydrogen peroxide
^ Cytoplasm contains organelles, each having a
function learn to identify them.
specific
Membrane components with their function
What are the steps for negative feedback control?
Phosphate head- (hydrophilic outside)
Fatty acid tails- (hydrophobic inside)
Membrane Proteins- (receptors, transporters)
Cholesterol- (maintains rigidity)
Glycoproteins- ( Cell Identification)
^ the plasma membranes is composed of
phospholipid bilayer with proteins and cholesterol
embedded in the bilayer.
Label the parts of the mitochondrion
Inner membrane- holds the proteins involved in the
electron transport chain.
Cristae- folds that the inner membrane is located
help increase surface area of membrane
Outer membrane- Covers the surface of the
mitochondrion.
Anatomical Terminology
Superior – Toward the head (ex. Eyes is superior to your nose)
Inferior – Away from the head (ex. Mouth is inferior to your nose)
Anterior – Front of the body ( ex. Face forward )
Posterior – Back of the body ( ex. Face backwards etc, your butt)
Medial – toward the midline of the body ( ex. Big toe is closer to the midline of the body )
Lateral – Away from the midline of the body ( ex. Pinky toe is farther to the midline of the body)
Proximal – Toward the trunk of the body ( Elbow is closer to the torso than the hand is )
Distal – ( Away from the trunk of the body ( ex. Hand is further away from the torso than the elbow is)
Planes of the Body
Coronal Plane (Frontal Plane) - A vertical plane running from side to side; divides the body or any of its parts into
anterior and posterior portions.
Sagittal Plane (Lateral Plane) - A vertical plane running from front to back; divides the body or any of its parts into right
and left sides.
Axial Plane (Transverse Plane) - A horizontal plane; divides the body or any of its parts into upper and lower parts.
Median plane - Sagittal plane through the midline of the body; divides the body or any of its parts into right and left
halves.
,
Pelvic cavity: enclosed by pelvic bones, and contains end of large
intestine, urinary bladder, internal reproductive organs
Abdominopelvic cavity contains 2 portions:
Abdominal cavity: extends from diaphragm to top of pelvis, and contains stomach, liver, spleen, kidneys small
intestine, most of large intestine
Pelvic cavity: enclosed by pelvic bones, and contains end of large intestine, urinary bladder, internal reproductive
organs
Visceral layer: inner layer, which covers an organ
Parietal layer: outer layer, which lines wall of cavity
Label the organelles in the composite cell
Rough endoplasmic reticulum – produce
proteins
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum – lipid (fat)
manufacture and metabolism and steroid
production hormone production. It also has
a detoxification function.
Secretory vesicle - a vesicle that mediates
the vesicular transport of cargo - e.g.
hormones or neurotransmitters - from an
organelle to specific sites at the cell
membrane, where it docks and fuses to
release its content. ( layman’s term tells
them where to go and how to move and
where to put it )
Levels of organization from least complex to most complex
Define homeostasis – In order for an organism
to survive the organism needs to maintain a
stable internal environment.
Specialized structures found in the
cytoplasm of the cell are called
organelles
Label the parts of the Nucleus
Nuclear envelope – This bilayer membrane is made of
lipids, and encases the genetic material in eukaryotic cells.
...
Nucleolus- 1) Produces ribosomal subunits
2) sends out information that helps build proteins
Chromatin – Combination of DNA and proteins that make
up the contents of the nucleus of a cell: only found in cells
Nuclear Pores- The pores regulate the passage of
macromolecules like proteins and RNA, but permit free
passage of water, ions, ATP and other small molecules.
Nucleus- found in the center of the cell and it directs all cell
actives, including produce
Anatomy: The study of the structure/morphology of the human body and its parts; derived from Greek for “a cutting
up”
Powerpoint Notes
Physiology: The study of the functions of the human body and its parts; derived from Greek for “relationship to nature”
*All materials, living or non-living, are composed of chemicals, which consist of atoms.
Chpt 2. Celll/ Powerpoint/ Online Activity