1. Name the following compounds as acids and circle which are weak acids:
a) HNO
3
b) H
2
SO
4
c) HF d) H
2
CO
3
e) HC
2
H
3
O
2
f) H
3
PO
4
2. Write the formulas for the following bases:
a) calcium hydroxide b) aluminum hydroxide c) ammonium hydroxide d) lithium hydroxide
3. Complete the following table:
Definition
Acids Bases
Electrolyte in aqueous solution? pH
Taste
Litmus turns
Which reacts with metals to form H
2 gas?
Conjugate acid-base pairs
4. Identify the acid, the base, the conjugate acid and the conjugate base in the reaction:
NH
3
(g) + HOH (l)
⇄
NH
4
+
(aq) + OH
-
(aq)
5. Identify the acid, the base, the conjugate acid and the conjugate base in the reaction:
HCO
3
-
(aq) + HOH (l)
⇄
CO
3
2-
(aq) + H
3
O
+
(aq)
6. An acid will form the conjugate ______and a base will form the conjugate _______.
Neutralization and Titration.
7. Classify the following acids as monoprotic, diprotic or triprotic:
a) H
2
SO
4 b) H
3
PO
4 c) HCl d) HC
2
H
3
O
2
or CH
3
COOH (same thing)
8. What is the concentration of an unknown NaOH solution if took an average of 15.4mL of 0.100N
HCl solution to neutralize 10.0mL of the NaOH solution?
9. From the given data, what is the molarity and the normality of the HF solution if the KOH solution was 0.50M?
Acid,
HF
Initial Volume, mL 5.5
Base,
KOH
14.9
Final Volume, mL 25.9 24.4 pH = - log[H
3
O + ] To find pH if given [H
3
O + ], enter the [H
3
O + ], press Log & then the /+ button
To find [H
3
O + ] if given pH, enter negative pH, then 2 nd function Log
10.A solution has a [H
3
O
+
] of 1 X 10
-7
. M, what is its pH?____Is this an acid, base or is it neutral?
TURN THE PAPER OVER

11. What is the pH of a solution if the [H
+
] = 7.2 X 10
-9
M?_____ Is this an acid or base?
12. If the hydronium ion concentration is 2.5 X 10
-4
, what is the pH?______ Is this an acid or base?
13. If the pH of a solution is 0.8, what is its hydronium ion concentration?___________
14 If the hydrogen ion concentration is 10
-8
, what is the pH? _________ Is this an acid or base?
15. What is the pH of a 1.0 M HCl solution?______ Would this turn litmus paper red or blue?
16. What is the pH of a solution with a [H
3
O
+
] of 1 X 10
-9 M? ________ it’d taste sour or bitter?
17. What is the pH of a solution if the [OH
-
] = 2 X 10
-5
M? (Hint: first find [H
3
O
+
] ) __________
Kw = [H
3
O + ][OH ] = 1.0 X 10 -14 and pH + POH = 14
18. If the [H
+
] of a solution is 2.5 X 10
-4
M, what is the concentration of the hydroxide ion?_____
Is this solution an acid or a base?
19. If the [OH
-
] of a solution is 1 X 10
-6
M, what is the concentration of the hydronium ion?_________
Is this solution an acid or a base?
20. The pH of orange juice is 5, what is the pOH?_____
21. The pH of grapefruit juice is 4, what is the pOH? ____
22. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution if its [OH
-
] is 2.5 X 10
-10
M?______
Strengths of acids and bases is determined by degree of ionization and measured by K a or K b
23. Identify the strongest acid and the weakest acid among the following:
a) H
3
PO
4
with a K a of 7.5 X10 -3 b) acetic acid with a K a
of 1.8 X10 -5 c) HF with a K a of 6.8 X10 -4
24. Write the expression for the acid dissociation constant of the strong acid, hydrofluoric acid, HF
Hint: First write the balanced chemical equation for the dissociation of HF in water.
25. A 0.10M solution of formic acid, HCOOH, has an equilibrium [H
+
] = 4.2 X 10
-3
M
What is the K a
of formic acid? The equilibrium is shown below:
HCOOH (aq)
⇄
H
+
(aq) + HCOO
-
(aq)
26. The Ka of benzoic acid, C
6
H
5
COOH is 6.3 X10
-5
for
C
6
H
5
COOH (aq) + H
2
O(l)
⇄
H
+
(aq) + C
6
H
5
COO
-
(aq)
What is the equilibrium [H
+
] in a 0.20M solution of benzoic acid?
27. A 0.10M solution of nitrous acid, HNO
2
, has an equilibrium hydrogen ion concentration
of 6.7 X10
-3
M. what is the K a
of nitrous acid?