Christian Carl B. de Dios
Motivational
factors/ Focus
of the Theory
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Structures
& Concepts
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Therapy
Used
Concept of
Humanity
Sigmund Freud
(Psychoanalytic Theory)
Alfred Adler
(Individual Psychology)
Carl Jung
(Analytical Psychology)
Melanie Klein
(Object Relations Theory)
Sex and Aggression
Social Influences and by their
striving for superiority or success
through inferiority
Repressed experiences and certain
emotionally toned experiences
inherited from our ancestors
Human contact and relatedness
The unconscious is the center of
our mental life which represses
high levels of anxiety created from
our early childhood experiences
that affects our words, feelings and
actions.
It argues that human behavior is
the result of the interactions among
three component parts of the mind:
the id, ego, and superego.
Places great importance on how
unconscious conflicts among the
parts of the mind shape behavior
and personality.
Focus on sexuality as the main
driver of human personality
development.
The ego initiates various defense
mechanisms to protect itself from
anxiety.
First 4 or 5 years of life or the
infantile stage are the most crucial
for personality formation amongst
the 3 major stages of
Development.
Oedipus Complex is in Phallic
Stage or Phase.
Free Association, Dream Analysis,
Freudian Slips
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Comparative Matrix
Determinism
Pessimism
Causality
Unconscious
Biological Influences
Both on Uniqueness and
Similarities
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People begin life with both an
innate striving force and
physical deficiencies, which will
combine to produce the feeling
of inferiority.
People set a goal of
overcoming their inferiority.
Social Interest is the sole
criterion by which human
actions should be judged.
Three major problems in life:
neighborly love, sexual love
and occupation
All behaviors are consistent
with the person’s final goal and
is shaped by people’s
subjective perception of a
situation.
Protective devices called
safeguarding techniques are
patterns of behavior to protect
people’s exaggerated sense of
self-esteem against public
disgrace.
Birth Order, Early Recollections,
Dreams
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Free Choice
Optimism
Teleology
Moderate Unconscious
Influences
Social Factors
Uniqueness
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A theory of mind that
emphasizes the importance of
wholeness for each individual.
Emphasizes the significance
of the present, including the
role that cultural shifts and
archetypes (or underlying,
universal symbols) play in
individual psychology.
Rests in the assumption that
occult phenomena can and do
influence the lives of
everyone.
The unconscious is the most
important aspect of each
individual's psyche, and that
making as much of the
unconscious known as
possible can help with healing
and the attainment of
wholeness. E.g. Dreams
The most important portion of
the unconscious springs is the
collective unconscious or the
distant past of human
existence.
Word Association Test, Dream Analysis,
Active Imagination, Transformation
(Psychotherapy)
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Partly Conscious
Partly Unconscious
Both Causality & Teleology
Biological
Similarities
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Emphasizes interpersonal
relations, primarily in the family
and especially between mother
and child.
Important part of any relationship
is the internal psychic
representations of early
significant objects such as the
mother’s breast and the father’s
penis.
During the first 4 or 6 months is
the most crucial time for
personality development.
The child’s relation to the breast
is fundamental and serves as a
prototype for later relations to
whole objects such as mother
and father.
Infant experiences the "death
instinct" as a fear of death or
annihilation.
Children adopt several psychic
defense mechanisms to protect
their ego against the anxiety
aroused by their own destructive
fantasies.
Oedipus Complex is on Genital
Stage or Phase.
Play Therapy (Psychotherapy)
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Determinism
Can be Optimistic &
Pessimistic
Causality
Unconscious Determinants
Social Factors
Similarities