PETIT MANOIR DE LA SCIENCE
Kimberly Anne C. Madero
Emmelynne Angela Raviz
Marie Crist Conmigo
Marc Ellis Valencia
Angelo Sumulat
Rich Danzell Espinosa
Glenmark Aes Mera
Kathlene R. Macuha
David Micah T. Francisco
Johnrey S. Nagera
Angellie Almacin
PROPONENTS
MRS. GRETA BRITOS
GEN CHEM TEACHER
Region V-Bicol
Schools Division of Camarines Norte
MABINI COLLEGES, INC.
February 2019
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I.
RATIONALE
Science is the intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the
structure and behaviour of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment. It
is a structured and systematic body of knowledge wherein we explore, hypothesize, analyse, and
study the nature and manners of an object and the natural universe that is established around
measurement, experiment, observation and formulation of laws. As Thompson (2005), have said
in his book, “Science as a Lifestyle”, the role of a scientist is to not just simply seek for answers
but it is also important that you make the answers you have collected useful, relevant and worth
the effort. Generally, one can say that Science is a never-ending pursuit for knowledge that is
aimed for the betterment of the lives of people.
Being an all-encompassing learning area, Science has a lot of branches, the four main
branches being the Physical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Social Sciences and Mathematics and
logic: each branch is categorized in different type of subjects that covers different areas of studies
such as Chemistry, Physics, Electrology and Ecology that are included in this study.
Chemistry is the study of matter, its properties, how and why substances combine or
separate to form other substances, and how substances interact with energy. Many people think of
chemists as being white-coated scientists mixing strange liquids in a laboratory, but the truth is we
are all chemists. Understanding basic chemistry concepts is important for almost every profession
and Chemistry is part of everything in our lives.
On the other hand, Biology is the science of life. Its name is derived from the Greek words
"bios" (life) and "logos" (study). Biologists study the structure, function, growth, origin, evolution
and distribution of living organisms and ecology, is one of the categories that lies within this
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branch of Science. Ecology, also called bioecology, bionomics, or environmental biology, study
of the relationships between organisms and their environment. Some of the most pressing
problems
in
human
affairs—expanding
populations,
food
scarcities, environmental
pollution including global warming, extinctions of plant and animal species, and all the attendant
sociological and political problems—are to a great degree ecological.
Another branch of Science is Physics. It is the study of matter and energy and the
interactions between them. Physicists study such subjects as gravity, light, and time. Albert
Einstein, for example, the famous physicist who developed the Theory of Relativity, is a major
contributor in the field of Physics.
Various Science concepts are often taught to students in an early stage and these concepts
are often recalled and revisited as the students go to higher grade levels because of the spiral
holistic approach of the modern education system. Although these concepts are imparted to the
students multiple times, a certain depth in the understanding of the students remains lacking
because of the shortage of hands-on activities that will let the students understand these concepts
not only in theory but also its uses and real-lie applications.
With these in mind, the proponents have thought of the PETIT MANOIR DE LA SCIENCE,
a French phrase that is a loosely-translated from the phrase “The Little Mansion of Science”, a
device that aims to be a learning and teaching aid to both students and teachers in the learning area
of Science. The device is an educational diorama that is composed of a mansion that is dedicated
to Chemistry, a farm that presents Ecology, a phone charger which shows the concept of free
energy, and a swing carousel which showcases the different concepts of Physics.
The purpose of this device is to benefit young elementary pupils who are still taking baby steps in
their introduction to the numerous concepts of Science. Aside from this, this device is also inclined
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to give the junior and senior high school students a chance to visualize and gain a qualitative
change in their knowledge and understanding of the concepts they have learned only from their
textbook and be able to comprehend the relevance and uses of these concepts. College students
taking up engineering may also find this device helpful by going back to the basics and
understanding the underlying principles within to ensure the safety of not only swing carousels
and houses but any structure and thus avoid accidents.
The proponents have created this device with commonly-found materials so that
reproduction of the device will be easy and possible. Future improvements may also be
implemented to the device by adding in a third floor and making use of sturdier materials in order
to improve the stability of the house. The swing carousel may also be resized in order to be
proportionate with the house as well as the furniture and appliances inside the house. A dynamo,
wirings and a switch may also be implemented in the swing carousel so that there will be two
options in operating the ride; either manual or automatic.
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MATERIALS AND METHODS
This section will discuss the materials used and the procedures implemented by the
proponents in the construction of the device.
II.
MATERIALS
The following materials were used by the proponents in the building of the base,
construction of the little house, the farm, the pendulum, and the phone charger:
¼ marine plywood
Manila Paper
Glue
Illustration board
Chip Board
Dynamo
Paint
Wires
Used Cartons
LED lights
light strips
switches
Popsicle sticks
barbecue sticks
wood glue
strings
Masking tape
fake grass
colored sand
used cloth
Cotton
sewing kit
cutter
scissors
Empty alcohol bottle
1”x1”x8” wood
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III.
METHODOLOGY
A. Making the Base of the Device
1. Before making the base of the device, prepare the materials that will be used like
plywood paint, used cartons or cardboards, paint, glue and other tools.
2. Start by cutting down the plywood into a rectangular shape based on your preferred
measurements of the device.
3. Using a pencil, divide the plywood into 4 sections where different parts will be placed.
4. Paint the plywood brown and a mix of green and yellow to create a realistic effect of the
base.
B. Designing the Biology Farm
1. Prepare the tools and materials needed in constructing this part of the device like the
popsicle sticks, miniature plastic grasses, paint, cardboard, small stones and print the
needed pictures and figures for this part.
2. Construct a fence around the farm using the popsicle sticks and paint it white. Attach it
then on every side of the farm.
3. Create a small pond using the blue paint and put the small stones around the pond.
4. Adhere the miniature plastic grasses around the farm. Make sure to create enough spaces
for the printed figures that will be put inside the farm.
5. Glue the printed figures on a piece of cardboard, cut out the pictures for the different
concepts that will be shown in the farm.
6. Attach the pictures for every concept that they belong (Respiration Cycle, Water Cycle
and Food Chain). Place it with enough emphasis to avoid confusion with the concepts
included in the farm.
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C. Constructing the Swing Carousel
1. Prepare the rubber bands, strings, tape, sticks and cartons or cardboards to be used in
making this part.
2. Sketch a circle that fits the designated section assigned for the carousel.
3. Create two wheels from the cardboard one bigger than the other and attached rubber
bands that will work as gears that can be manually controlled of the spinning of the
carousel.
4. Place the wheels at the center of the circle. Make sure that the sticks fit the holes of the
circle and check the durability of the wheels before attaching it to the center of the circle.
5. Secure the longer stick at the middle of the center and the shorter at the side for the
controller.
6. After placing the wheels and sticks, cut out a circle and a strip that will be attached into
the circle from the carton or cardboard with the same size of the circle. This will serve as
the base of the carousel and will cover up the wheels attached at the center.
7. Create holes at the center and side of the base of the carousel for the sticks and attach
the base to the sketched circle that was drawn on the base of the device.
8. Create the roof of the carousel using cardboards or cartons.
9. Make miniature swings using cardboards or cartons and strings and attach it to the roof
of the carousel.
10. Connect the roof of the carousel to the stick that is at the center.
11. Put LED strips around the carousel. 12. Secure the handle that serves as the manual
controller and decorate the other parts of the carousel
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D. House of Chemistry
1. Prepare all the materials needed in making this part of the device.
2. Make the structure of the house using cardboards and attached it to each other.
Separately make the second floor and the first floor of the house.
3. Paint the house with white color for the first coating.
4. Print or Draw the different posters and different figures connected to chemistry that will
be put inside the house.
5. Placed the different figures/posters around the house. Put different things connected to
chemistry
6. Paint and decorate the house.
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IV.
FUNCTIONALITY
This section of the paper will present the steps of using the device, enumerate the various
science concepts included and then explain why how these concepts affected the construction and
functionality of the device. The device will discuss the following concepts: Concept of the Center
of Mass, Centripetal and Centrifugal Force, Angular momentum, Wheel and axle, pulley,
Newton’s Three Laws of Motion, pendulum, The first law of thermodynamics – the Law of
Conservation of Energy, common elements and their information, organic compounds, water
cycle, animal and plant respiration, food chain and free-energy
Swing Carousel
Operating the swing carousel is really simple, just rotate the handle at the located at the
base of the carousel so that the top of the carousel will rotate. In the creation of the device, the
Concept of the Center of Mass was taken into consideration so that the swing carousel will be
stable and stand straight without leaning on any side. Note, that the Center of Mass is the point in
an object where its mass is proportional in all directions. The concept of simple devices was also
used in order to create the swing carousel because it has made use of the concepts of wheel and
axle and the pulley. The two gears underneath the swing carousel are both examples of a wheel
and axle, since a wheel and axle is a simple lifting machine consisting of a rope which unwinds
from a wheel on to a cylindrical drum or shaft joined to the wheel to provide mechanical advantage.
In the same sense, it is also a pulley since a pulley is really a wheel and axle with a rope or chain
attached which is why whenever you rotate the handle, the pillar made of barbecue sticks at the
center also rotates.
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While one is rotating the swing carousel, it can be observed that the swings attached to the
ceiling of the top of it elevates outwards in an angle but falls straight when the swing carousel is
at rest. That actually is the presentation of the Centripetal and Centrifugal Force. Centripetal and
Centrifugal are both forces that can be seen acting on an object that travels a circular and a curved
path. Centripetal force is the real force that acts upon an object pulling it towards the center of
rotation. And in the case of the swing carousel, the centripetal force is the strings connected to the
swings preventing them from flying away from the center. On the other hand, Centrifugal force,
as described by the American Heritage Dictionary, is “the apparent force, equal and opposite to
the centripetal force, drawing a rotating body away from the center of rotation, caused by the
inertia of the body,” One of the points that differentiates Centripetal and Centrifugal forces with
each other is that the perspective in which one can see these two forces in action. One can see the
Centripetal Force when one is observing from the outside while the Centrifugal Force is
experienced or felt by the passengers as if they are being pushed outwards in the swing carousel.
Angular momentum relates to how much an object is rotating and it depends on the distribution of
mass of an object. It can be found by integrating over the mass of all parts of the object and their
distances to the center of rotation, but it is also possible to look up the moments of inertia for
common shapes.
The Three Laws of Motion of Isaac Newton can also be witnessed in the swing carousel.
The first law of motion, the Law of Inertia states that an object in motion and an object at rest stays
at rest unless exerted upon by an external force. The swing carousel will not move, unless the
handle is rotated and the rotation of the swing carousel stops because of its inertia, the tendency
of an object to retain its state of motion. Meanwhile, the second law of motion or the Law of
Acceleration states that force is directly proportional to its acceleration and inversely proportional
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to its mass because the greater the mass of an object, the greater its inertia, the greater the force
required in order to move it. The third law of motion, the Law of Interaction states that for every
action, there is a reaction, equal in force and opposite in direction. Turning the swing carousel may
feel a bit of resistance and this is all because of air resistance. As the sides of the swing carousel
push the air while you rotate it, the air around it applies equal force but opposite in direction.
The Law of Conservation of Energy is also present in the swing carousel. The Law of
Conservation of energy states that energy is neither created nor destroyed, it can only be
transformed in one form to another. In the case of the swing carousel, energy is first applied to the
device by rotating the handle which became kinetic energy as the swing carousel rotates and
became heat that was released to the surroundings.
Lastly, this physics-stuffed carousel utilizes the concept of pendulum. The swings act like
a pendulum, an object with a mass, called a bob that dangles from the end of a rod or string, and
swings freely.
Mansion
The mansion have made use of the concepts of organic compounds and included some
common elements and their information. Organic compounds are chemical compounds in which
one or more atoms of carbon are covalently linked to atoms of other elements, most
commonly hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen. The mansion is composed of two floors; each floor is
filled with different information about chemistry. The windows, for example has the atomic
number and atomic mass of a certain element.
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Biology Farm
The biology farm aims to depict or present the different roles in an ecosystem and their
different relationships to each other and to their environment. The farm shows the water cycle,
also called hydrologic cycle, cycle that involves the continuous circulation of water in the Earthatmosphere system. Of the many processes involved in the water cycle, the most important are
evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, and runoff. Although the total amount of
water within the cycle remains essentially constant, its distribution among the various processes is
continually changing. Evaporation, one of the major processes in the cycle, is the transfer of water
from the surface of the Earth to the atmosphere. By evaporation, water in the liquid state is
transferred to the gaseous, or vapour, state This transfer occurs when some molecules in a water
mass have attained sufficient kinetic energy to eject themselves from the water surface.
Transpiration is the evaporation of water through minute pores, or stomata, in the leaves of plants.
For practical purposes, transpiration and the evaporation from all water, soils, snow, ice,
vegetation, and other surfaces are lumped together and called evapotranspiration, or total
evaporation.
The transition process from the vapour state to the liquid state is called condensation.
Condensation may take place as soon as the air contains more water vapour than it can receive
from a free water surface through evaporation at the prevailing temperature. This condition occurs
as the consequence of either cooling or the mixing of air masses of different temperatures. By
condensation, water vapour in the atmosphere is released to form precipitation.
Precipitation that falls to the Earth is distributed in four main ways: some is returned to the
atmosphere by evaporation, some may be intercepted by vegetation and then evaporated from the
surface of leaves, some percolates into the soil by infiltration, and the remainder flows directly as
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surface runoff into the sea. measurement of runoff is made by stream gauges and plotted against
time on hydrographs.
The farm also included a simple example of a food chain. Food chain, in ecology, the
sequence of transfers of matter and energy in the form of food from organism to organism. Food
chains intertwine locally into a food web because most organisms consume more than one type of
animal or plant. Plants, which convert solar energy to food by photosynthesis, are the primary food
source. In a predator chain, a plant-eating animal is eaten by a flesh-eating animal. In a parasite
chain, a smaller organism consumes part of a larger host and may itself be parasitized by even
smaller organisms. In a saprophytic chain, microorganisms live on dead organic matter.
Free-energy Mobile Phone Charger
The free-energy mobile phone charger is located inside the mansion. It is composed of two
dynamos connected with an elastic band which were then soldered to a mobile phone connector.
By free-energy, many may understand it as a means of extracting energy from some sort of
perpetual mobile or something that violates the first law of thermodynamics, the law of
conservation of energy, which is impossible. Objectively speaking, it is not really free energy since
you apply the energy first hand by spinning the elastic band.
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V.
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DOCUMENTATION