Numerals of the Boards
<1
Rule of 1/3s for Carcinoid syndrome:
½ metastasize
1/3 present with 2nd malignancy
1/3 are multiple
1
MHC 1 1-letter for HLA’s
HLA-A
HLA-B
HLA-C
1 long chain
1 short chain
Alpha error (Type I) → false Positive error → The P in Positive has one (I) vertical line, so
corresponds to type I ○ Goes in false positive box in 2X2 table
Ber1Ber1 Vitamin B1 deficiency
2
Rule of 2’s (meckel diverticulum):
2 times as likely in males
2 feet from illeosecal junction
2 inches in width
2% of population
may contain 2 types of epithelia (gastric/pancreatic0
commonly presents in first 2 years of life
MHC 2:
2-letter for HLA’s
HLA-DP
HLA-DQ
HLA-DR
2 equal-length chains
2 alpha, 2 beta
2, 3 SLE
(ferrous, Fe2+; “just the 2 of us”)
HER2 “tras2zumab”
Beta error (Type II) → false Negative error → The N in negative has two (II) vertical lines, so
corresponds to type II ○ Goes in false negative box in 2X2 table
antacid
3
Wipple triad (as seen in insulinoma):
Low blood glucose,
symptoms of hypoglycemia (lethargy, syncope, diplopia)
Resolution of sx after normalizing of glucose levels
Type III
3 things stuck together antigen-antibody-complement
C3, 4, 5 keeps the diaphragm alive
An-3-mycin (antimycin) A: Complex 3 inhibitor
RCC = 3 letters = chromosome 3.
4
bi-4-cations:
Common Carotid - C4
Trachea - T4
Abdominal aorta - L4
IL-4 Ain’t too proud 2 BEG 4 help
Th2 (T-helper)
Promotes B-cell growth
IgE
IgG
Complex IV inhibitors: “the –ides” (4-letters) cyanide, carbon monoxide, azide
There are 4 walls in a Rheum
5
5, 4, 3
5’-deiodinase converts T4 to T3
B5 “pento”thenic acid
6
7
8
Rule of 8
MHC II x CD4 = 8
MHC I x CD8 = 8
Cleanup on aisle 8
IL-8 recruits neutrophils clear infection
Don’t B l8, doc Addison, or else you’ll send MY patient to the GRAVE
HLA-B8
Addison disease
MYasthenia gravis
GRAVEs disease
I 8 2 much glutin as DQ
HLA-DQ8
HLA-DQ2
celiac disease
9
10
Rule of 10’s (Pheochromocytoma):
10% malignant
10% b/l
10% extra-adrenal (bladder wall, organ of Zuckerandl)
10% calcify
10% kids
CN 10 at T 10 (passes through diaphragm)
IL10 and TGF-B both at-10-uate the immune response
11
12
T 1-2 (T12) it’s red, white and blue
Aorta, thoracic duct, azygos vein
60-40-20 rule (% of total body weight [avg. 70 kg])
60% total body water (TBW)
40% ICF
20% ECF
Eukaryotes --> Even --> 40S + 60S = 80S (all differ by 20)
PrOkaryotes --> Odd --> 30S + 50S = 70S (smaller numbers because are smaller, always smaller
by 10, all differ by 20)
RNA polymerase I (rRNA), II (mRNA), and III (tRNA) → Numbered as their products are used
in protein synthesis