4.1 Global Interactions take place for the first time. This is made possible by voyages of exploration and transformed trade and religion and impacted economic, cultural, social and demographics throughout the world I. Existing regional trade routes incorporated global circulation of goods. A. Give one example of a period three state that was negatively impacted by global political shift as a result of intensification of trade. a. B. Give one example of a new power controlling and trading in a traditional trade network. a. II. European technological developments in cartography and navigation built upon Roman, Greek, Islamic and Asian knowledge A. European knowledge included new tools and techs. What is one new European technology that enabled them to have global trade? a. - Understanding what Atlantic Ocean wind and current pattern made trans-Atlantic trade possible? o Monsoon winds! III. New voyages of exploration occurred by Europeans A. Identify Portuguese voyages of exploration by Da Gama and Dias. - What was the ultimate goal of the Portuguese? o - What continent were they the first to explore? o - How did they change Indian Ocean trade? o - What did their empire look like by 1650? o B. Spanish sponsored voyages first crossed the Atlantic and Pacific - Who was the first to cross the Atlantic? o - What was the goal of the explorer who first crossed the Atlantic? o - Who was the first to cross the Pacific? o - How did these voyages increase European interests in travel and trade? o C. Other Europeans looked for another route to Asia - What English explorer attempted to find the NW Passage o - Give two examples of states that sent settlers to North America. Include where they settled. DO NOT USE A SPANISH EXAMPLE!!! o IV. Goods circulate globally for the first time. This is facilitated by the creating of joint stock companies backed by powerful states and the global circulation of Spanish silver from the Americas to purchase Asian luxury goods and trade those goods in the Atlantic. Regional trade still continues in Afro-Eurasia but is dominated by Europeans A. Give an example of two European states that primarily profited of buying goods or producing goods in one Asian market and selling them for profit in another Asian market. a. B. What Spanish coin became a globally accepted currency? a. peso de ocho C. What is mercantilism? a. -How was mercantilism beneficial to powerful European States? a. - Give an example of two mercantilist states and the colonies it was practiced on. a. - Give two examples of powerful government backed joint stock companies. Include the empires they were part of. a. Dole Fruit Thingie b. BEIC british east India or whatever D. Give a European, African, and American luxury good that was traded. a. b. c. - give an example of free laborers coming to work in the Americas from Europe a. - give an example of coerced laborers forced to come and work in the mericas a. - give an example of a cultural transfer between either Europe or Africa to the Americas a. V. The new connections between the Eastern and Western Hemispheres causes the Columbian Exchange A. European diseases destroy Amerindian society. Besides people, what else spread diseases to the Americas? a. rats b. B. Give an example of an American food that became a staple crop in: - Europe a. - Asia a. - Africa a. -What is a cash crop? a. crop grown on plantations by slaves for the most money - What is an example of a cash crop? Explain where it was grown, who grew it, who profited off of it and how it was grown a. Tobacco- Grown on plantations in America by slave owners. C. Give an example of an African and American food item that came to the Americas a. - Give an example of a European domesticated animal that will come to the Americas a. D. What is the global demographic impact of the crops exchanged in the Columbian Exchange a. E. Give two was that European colonization of the Americas changed environment VI. The spread of religions as a result of the Columbian Exchange will lead to both new syncretic religions and conflict. Give an example of a new syncretic religion and explain its creation. - Give an example of religious conflict VII As merchants and governments become wealthy off of global trade they will support the arts, expand literacy and increase scientific funding. How was Isaac Newton a beneficiary of government backing? a. - What were Newton’s biggest discoveries? o 4.2 Global production of goods continue to be centered on agriculture, but changes in who works, where the works is being done, and impacts gender and social relations and environments. A. The Little Ice Age occurs. How does this change environments? a. II. Globally, peasant agriculture continues to intensify and increase. Plantations increased causing new forms of labor to be created A. Give one area where peasant agriculture increased B. Slavery in Africa continues-including the East African Indian Ocean slave trade. - How were slaves primarily used within African societies? - Where were East African slaves primarily exported too? Is this a change or a continuity? C. The growth of plantation economies led to increased demand for slaves. This causes the start of the trans-Atlantic slave trade. - What was the major cash crop grown in Brazil and the Caribbean? o sugar - What was the major cash crop grown in the Southern British 13 Colonies? o D. Colonial Economies relied on a variety of labor systems. Explain the following -Chattel slavery a. - Indentured servants a. - How the Spanish used the Mita to mine silver (continuity!) a. III. Social and political elites change globally. Racial, social and gender hierarchies change A. Conquest lead to new elites. Identify a new group of elites in -Latin America - China B. Monarchs become more powerful at the expense of the nobility. -Explain what an absolute monarchy is. Identify to examples. a. C. Explain how gender roles change in Africa as a result of the trans-Atlantic slave trade a. 4.3 Empires expand globally I. Rulers use a variety of ways to legitimize their rule A. Rulers continue to use religion, art and monumental architecture to legitimize rule. - What is Divine Right a. - Give two examples of monumental architecture built by an empire a. B. States create ethnic and racial hierarchies - Explain what a Creole, Mulatto and Mestizo are and where the fit into Spanish social hierarchies in the Americas a. C. Empires use new systems to recruit soldiers and bureaucrats. - explain the devshirme system a. II. Imperial expansion relies on gunpowder cannons and armed trade to establish large empires in both hemispheres. A. What is a trade post empire? a. -what are three examples of a trade post empire. a. -why couldn’t Europeans force their way into India the way they could in other parts of Asia and Africa? a. B. List four land based empires. a. -Identify key traits of each one and identify them on a map a. C. List five maritime empires. a. - Why are they all European? a. - Identify them on a map III. States compete over trade routes
