Reading Guide for Sections 1.6-1.13 The following Chapter 1 Skills (Learning Objectives on Blackboard) are covered by this reading and the accompanying class discussion: 5-14 The following end-of-chapter questions are relevant to this reading and the accompanying class discussion: 39-41, 43-44, 49-53, 55-56, 58, 60-69 This chapter is primarily a review of general chemistry topics. We will not go over most of these review topics explicitly in class and I will assume that you recall them from general chemistry. We will revisit and explore various aspects of the review topics as necessary in future chapters. Class time will be used to reinforce and build on concepts in sections 1.6-1.9. These sections discuss orbitals (atomic, molecular, hybrid) and the nature of covalent bonding. A strong foundation in these topics will be important as we discuss both the structure and reactivity of organic molecules in the coming chapters. Section 1.8 is less relevant right now, although it will be important later on. A quick note about vocabulary: As you read through section 1.10, the term “steric number” may be unfamiliar. The steric number is equal to the number of electron domains. As you read about hydrogen bonds in section 1.12, recall that the hydrogen bond is just a very strong dipole-dipole interaction. Therefore hydrogen must be bonded to a very electronegative atom in order to participate in hydrogen bonding. Specifically, hydrogen must be bonded to oxygen, nitrogen or fluorine. In organic chemistry, oxygen and nitrogen will be most common (O-H, N-H). In addition to the readings from the textbook, there are several videos on the Khan Academy website that are relevant I have labeled four of these as highly recommended viewing ; I encourage everyone view these before coming to class. There are two other videos that are relevant to these sections; I encourage you to watch them if the corresponding readings feel unfamiliar or uncomfortable to you. Sp3 Hybridization (10:43) – pairs with section 1.9 Highly Recommended viewing This video describes the bonding in ethane while developing several key ideas about hybridization, bond length and bond rotation. Sp2 Hybridization (12:42) – pairs with section 1.9 Highly Recommended viewing This video describes the bonding in ethene while developing several key ideas about hybridization, bond length and bond rotation. Sp Hybridization (11:00) – pairs with section 1.9 Highly Recommended viewing This video describes the bonding in ethyne while developing several key ideas about hybridization, bond length and bond rotation. Organic Hybridization Practice (10:20) – pairs with section 1.9 & 1.10 Highly Recommended viewing This has several examples that bring together the concepts in the previous three videos. Dipole Moments (9:21) – pairs with sections 1.11 View for Review This video reviews bond dipoles and molecular dipoles. Intermolecular Forces (8:36) – pairs with section 1.12 View for Review This video reviews the IMFs that are most common in organic chemistry.
