FOOD FOR LIFE TODAY Closing remarks on yesterday’s class Food changes throughout life Diet alterations to meet certain health considerations As we progress through life, our nutritional needs change and so do our eating habits As we are surrounded by family and friends of all ages, it helps to be aware of nutritional needs EATING CHANGES THROUGHOUT LIFE CHILDREN Providing children with an adequate diet allows them to grow and thrive Don’t restrict fats, ensure they are coming from foods like milk, nuts, and avocados. Serve small and nutritious snacks each day Smaller stomach results in small appetite, but increased frequency of meals Be a good roll model Period of rapid growth and development Increased independence results in more eating outside of family influences TEENS Requires calories More likely to have money and buy food for themselves Don’t skip breakfast Stick to water to stay hydrated 6-8 glasses of water a day Use food labels to make sure you’re getting vitamins that are commonly undereaten Iron (red meats, some cereals), vitamin D (fish oil, red meat, eggs), calcium (milk, cheese, green leafy vegetables) Follow Canada’s food guide. Ensure that you are meeting physical activity guidelines as muscle degeneration usually starts around age 30 Ensure that you eat foods that are correlated with decreased occurrence of chronic disease (we will get to this in a bit) ADULTHOOD PREGNANT WOMEN Need to make good food decisions for the health of both mother and child Continue to follow guidelines of Canada’s food guide Towards the end of pregnancy, women will require more calories per day Healthy eating during pregnancy will improve child's health Extra 2-3 servings of food groups per day Should avoid foods that could be contaminated with bacteria Raw fish (oysters), undercooked meat, deli meats, runny eggs, Healthy eating in late adulthood is important to decrease the risk of chronic health problems LATE ADULTHOOD More likely to occur later in life Decreased mobility can lead to difficulty cooking, or even eating food Eat softer foods – bread, yogurt, canned fish, well cooked vegetables Calcium important to maintain strong bones Budget is a factor CHRONIC CONDITIONS AND NUTRITION https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=da8iw9hvQX4 OBESITY Major problem in developed countries Not only a health problem, its effects are felt on a social and economic level 2008 data shows that obesity cost Americans $147 billion in medical expenses, and cost the United States $3.38 billion in lost productivity https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lM_ZpNNGke w OBESITY Occurs due to lack of physical activity, and the consumption of foods high in fat and sugar High portion size is also correlated to obesity Research has show it can be prevented by participating in regular physical activity (40-60 min per day), and diets that are high in fibre. Disease linked to the hormone insulin, which regulates glucose(sugar) levels in the blood. Can lead to serious complications such as blindness, kidney failure, amputation, infections, coronary heart disease, and stroke. 150 million cases worldwide, but that number is expected to double by 2025 DIABETES It is also affecting people at younger ages DIABETES Two types: Type 1: insulin dependant, the body simply can’t create insulin Type 2: the body’s failure to respond to insulin in the normal way leads to the overproduction of insulin, which may result in a partial failure of the insulin producing cells Risk is most dramatic when obesity is already prevalent Highest increase in diabetes rate is being seen n societies experiencing major changes in diet, reductions in physical activity, and where there are many overweight or obese individuals Prevention? Voluntary weight loss in obese individuals Engaging in regular physical activity Eating at least 20g of dietary fibre (whole grain cereals, fruit, vegetables) per day CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES Group of diseases that include: coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, and cardiac arrhythmias Estimated to kill 15.3 million people per year 1/3 of deaths from all causes Strong correlation with lifestyle choices Poor diet, insufficient physical activity, smoking Risk factors: CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES high fat diets, trans fats, cholesterol (specifically LDL, high sodium diets. Prevention: Fish has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease Eat lots of fruit and vegetables Exercise CANCER Caused by a variety of identified and unidentified factors. The most important proven cause of cancer is tobacco smoking.s Other important factors include diet, alcohol consumption, and physical activity Dietary factors are estimated to cause 30% of cancers in industrialized countries But the research has proven few definite relationships between cancer and diet Disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, leading to increased risk of fracture. OSTEOPOROSIS Especially concerning in older adults Calcium and vitamin D deficiencies are the main cause of osteoporosis in older adults Can be prevented by a combination of physical activity, healthy body weight, adequate intake of fruits and vegetables, and maintaining a healthy body weight IN CLOSING Lifestyle and diet decisions have a profound effect on your health. Following a healthy diet and living an active lifestyle can help you enjoy a longer healthier life.
