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Institution
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Billboards-Advertisements
Along the streets it is possible to see billboards, most of them are for the promotion of
health and safety for example in Casper Park District, there is a billboard advising against
driving and texting, while in Industrial square, one billboard is encouraging people to be
vaccinated. Some are for marketing purposes, for example, next to Sentinel City District School,
a billboard can be seen promoting the use of e-cigarettes which do not produce smoke.
City and/or neighbourhood newspapers, community bulletin boards.
Nothing on city or neighbourhood newspapers were seen.
Is there evidence of predominant party affiliation?
The community seems to be neutral of party affiliations. Even during a demonstration
along the City Hall, the posters only addressed issues concerning the residents with no mention
of parties.
Forms of formal and/or informal communication.
Formal communications were predominant. There are several posters indicating the form
of activity in a given site or building. An example is The Inn Studio Condominium indicating the
building is a condominium; in industrial Heights, there’s a poster indicating ongoing
reconstruction project.
Displays or posters that tell about life in the community.
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From the posters along the streets, it is possible to conclude the life within the Sentinel
community. Most billboards address addiction, smoking and drink driving. We can conclude that
there is a problem of drug abuse in the community. Non-adherence to vaccination is a concern as
well. Several posters encourage residents to take the vaccine. In some communities, especially,
Caster Park District and Industrial Height district, there are poorly disposed garbage. Such an act
can be a reason for the Public Health Department in Nightingale Square having a billboard
encouraging recycling of wastes.
Pregnancy is a concern. Probably it has been stigmatized among young girls. In Industrial
Heights, opposite the cathedral, there is a poster that encourages those pregnant and afraid to
seek help from the church. Lastly, there is a probability of hard economic times. Outside the City
Hall are residents demonstrating about taxes that have been imposed on them. The mayor is right
outside the building, maybe wanting to address their issues.
TV/Radio Stations/or other sources of mass communication?
The main form of mass communication are the billboards, which are spread throughout
the community. However, there are also radio stations: KMHD Jazz Radio and Radio Buzz 96.5
Fm.
Community radio stations as a tool for educating the public about the causes, symptoms,
and prevention of E. coli in the city.
Radio has undoubtedly been an essential tool for information transmission. It is also
widely accepted that radio stations play a fundamental role in society in terms of the potential for
education, in particular, adult education. Although many tend to put radio stations under one
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umbrella, some communities benefit successfully from radio stations operating inside the
community and targeting this same community explicitly. These are known as community radio
stations. Sentinel City similarly has two radio stations.
The radio stations can invite health practitioners in their programs where they will
address the aspects of the infection like spread and prevention. At the same time, they can run
public health advertisements on the same topics as a broadcast of the information. Efforts can
also be extended to the public by running street interviews on the awareness of the public
concerning the disease. Through such activity, health practitioners will be informed on how and
where to target the residents depending on their education level concerning the disease.
Occupational groups: retail, industrial, farming, service, government, or tourism.
The city has a variety of retails facilities, ranging from groceries like Joe’s Grocery in
Nightingale Square, coffee beans store. There is a downtown store in nightingale square and
Donut Time, which has another branch in Casper park District. There are industries in Industrial
Heights District. Farming has not been observed, but retailing of farming products can be
observed; for example, there is a Vegetables and Fruit grocery stands next to the main bus station
in Nightingale Square.
Various services are offered. They include: education e.g. Sentinel City School, early
childhood education and baby care; health services e.g. Sentinel City Healthcare System, Smile
Dental clinic and Better Health clinic; Recreational services e.g. the Sentinel City Department of
Parks and Recreation; Religious services e.g. Interfaith Church of Sentinel City; Transport
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services e.g. Sentinel City Department of Transportation; Governmental services are offered at
the City Hall; No tourism services are available.
Signs of high or low unemployment
There are no signs of unemployment in the city.
Do people work in the community or travel to outside communities?
Residents of the city work within the city, some, however, go beyond the community to explore
outside opportunities.
Examine how economics can influence health. Provide examples.
The performance of healthcare depends heavily on the economy and on the system of
health. This connection between the two should not be underestimated. Investing in health is an
essential priority for most communities as well as a desirable priority (Andel et al., 2012).
Health performance is interlinked with economic performance. To begin with, it is
obvious that wealthier countries have healthier populations for a start. And it is a fundamental
fact that poverty mainly affects life expectancy through child malnutrition and mortality
(Feldstein, 2012). National income has an effect through insurance coverage and public
expenditure, for example, on the development of health systems.
The universal provision of insurance cover is an example of how institutional
arrangements can help to attain a larger fiscal basis and a small informal sector. Globalization in
general and trade liberalization in particular also impact health care through constrained
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pharmaceutical pricing and trading policy and on the need for increased cross-border health
surveillance and population surveillance (Feldstein, 2012).
Examines how a community health nurse would address or apply it to the primary,
secondary, and tertiary levels of prevention.
Preventative healthcare in the health care sector became an increasingly popular area.
This type of health care works to enhance the overall wellbeing of individuals through a number
of methods for educating populations and avoiding illness. Preventive health informs people,
promotes healthy lifestyles and early treatment of diseases (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2015). A
major role for nurses in the prevention of disease was achieved through emerging health care
reforms and an increasing number of persons suffering from chronic conditions.
Community health nurses are involved in preventive healthcare. However, in an effort to
advocate for preventive care, the greatest deterrence to this goal is the lack of finances to pay for
the health services. Most patients end up not complying to preventive healthcare due to lack of
money. But with insurance coverage, people are able to invest in their health.
Community nurse will, therefore, be involved in the primary prevention of the disease,
through taking measures that will provide patients with knowledge of preventing the onset of a
targeted condition (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2015). In this kind of prevention, the nurses are
educators who provide information and counselling that encourage positive behaviour in
communities.
In secondary prevention, community nurses work with patients with high-risk factors to
control and manage the controllable risks, modifying the individual’s life choices. They also
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utilize detection methods to identify diseases early enough when they can readily be managed at
fewer costs. In tertiary care, community nurses help individuals in the execution of a care plan
and create any additional modifications that may improve the disease (Stanhope & Lancaster,
2015). All these efforts will be futile if the patient has the right insurance cover, that will oversee
the cost of their health management.
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References
Stanhope, M., & Lancaster, J. (2015). Public health nursing: Population-centered health care in
the community. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Feldstein, P. J. (2012). Health care economics. Cengage Learning.
Andel, C., Davidow, S. L., Hollander, M., & Moreno, D. A. (2012). The economics of health
care quality and medical errors. Journal of health care finance, 39(1), 39.