Psyc2220- Chapter 1 Notes
Perception: Conscious experience that results
from stimulation of the senses
* although we still don't understand perception,
it occurs almost effortlessly.
Perception depends on the properties of the
sensory receptors
Perceptual process. journey from Stimuli to response
o perception or recognition leads to action, &
action can change perception & recognition.
sensation: of ten identified as involving simple
processes that occur @ beginning of sensory
system (ex. when light stimulates receptors in
the eye)
•involves detecting elementary properties
of a stimulus.
•Perception involves higher brain fans.
Distart stimulus: "out there in the distance
Principle of transformation: stimuli & resulting
responses are transformed ' changed 61 w the
distal stimulus & perception.
Principle of representation: everything a p percieves
•is based not on direct contact WI stimuli but
on representations of stimuli that are formed
on the receptors & resulting activity in the N S.
visual receptors:
1)transform environmental tin to electrical
2) Shape perception by the way they respond
to diff. properties of stimuli.
Neurons:
1) Transmit signals from receptors 1 retinas brain
then within the brain
2) Change (or process) signals as they are transmitted
Agnosia: inability to recognize objects
* perception is a continuously changing process!
Rat-man demo: shows how recently acquired
•info can influence perception.
↳influences ability to categorize!
Bottom up processing:
(Databased processing
↳processing based on stimuli reaching the receptors
top-down processing:
↳knowledge-based processing
processing based on knowledge
06 Ligue effect : ppl see vertical 2 horizontal lines
better than oblique
Perception = behavioral & physiological relationships.
Thresholds: measure the limits of sensory systems
measures of minimums
Fechner:
proposed the mind could be studied by measuring
the relationship GW changes in physical stimulation
and a person's experience.
↳psychophysics (relationship 6 IW mental & physical)
↳Method of limits
takes into account the variability of human
perceptionby averaging the results of a #
of trials.
•Measuresabsolute threshold: smallest stimulus
level that can be detected.
Differencethreshold: smallest diff. few 2
stimuli that enables us to tell diff. 6 IW them
Made it possible to determine mechanisms
responsible for expscwe6ertooi.)