Central Nervous System
91. A 60 year-old man got long-term sleep because of bleeding in the brain. Damage
of what structure most likely led to this condition?
reticular formation
Hippocampus
quadrigeminal body
cerebral cortex
substantia nigra
92. After the brain injury a man has lost his visual ability. Damage of what areas of
the cerebral cortex could be the reason for that?
Occipital
Temporal
Frontal
parietal
temporal and parietal
93. To the neurosurgery unit was delivered a man with a hearing loss as a result of
head injuries. Injury of what area of the cortex could be the reason for that?
Temporal
postcentral gyrus
parietal
Occipital
Frontal
94. To hospital was delivered a man with the following symptoms: chorea-like
hyperkinesia gibbering. he trajectory in finger-nose test was violated (tremor
increased at the end of the movement). feeble mind. Huntington's disease
was diagnosed. Which synapses failed transfer excitation in this case?
GABAergic
glycineergic
Dopaminergic
Serotoninereic
Adreneroic
95. In the examination unit, at the time of EEG recording the patient's cell phone
rang. What changes occurred in the EEG (electroencephalogram)?
alpha rhythm changed to beta rhythm
alpha rhythm intensified
Beta rhythm intensified
Beta- rhythm changed to alpha rhythm
alpha rhythm changed to delta rhythm
96, During examination the patient was found to have the hypertonic state of muscles
and hypokinesis (hands are drawn to the torso and bent at the elbows, shuffling gait.
lack of facial expression). What brain structure damage is accompanied by these
phenomena?
globus pallidus
Putamen
caudate nucleus
Red nuclei
thalamus
97. During examination of a patient with traumatic brain injury he was found to have
inability of distinguishing moving objects on the skin. Which part of the cerebral
cortex was damaged?
Rear central gyrus
occipital cortex
parietal cortex
The frontal part of the cortex
front central gyrus
98. As a result of the brain injury the patient lost the ability to understand the
language Which part of the brain was damaged in the patient?
rear section of the first temporal sulcus
Front left central gyrus
Rear left central gyrus
occipital cortex area
subcortical nuclei
99. A patient visited neurologist having complaints of burning sensation. "pins and
needles" in the right half of the body. What brain region was injured in the patient?
back left central gyrus
Front left central gyrus
The rear section of the first temporal sulcus
subcortical nuclei
occipital cortex area
100. A patient during the examination revealed the absence of movement in the right
half of the body. Which part of the bran was damaged in the patient?
Front left central gyrus
Lower division of the third frontal lobe of the left hemisphere
The rear section of the first temporal sulcus
subcortical nuclei
occipital cortex area
101. As a result of the brain injury a patient has
lost his ability to speak. Which part of the brain
was injured?
Lower division of the third frontal sulcus of the left hemisphere
Front left central gyrus
The rear section of the first temporal sulcus
subcortical nuclei
occipital cortex area
102. A patient was diagnosed with the tumor of cerebellum. Removal of the tumor
and the cerebellum were accompanied by impairings of motor functions, but after a
while the motor disturbances disappeared. Which part of the brain participated in
compensation of violations?
cerebral cortex
diencephalon
midbrain
medulla oblongata
Spinal cord
103. The patient was observed having difficulties in starling of movements mask-like
face, resting tremor. It was established that the symptoms were related to the
weakening of substantia nigra influences to striatum. What mediator systems were
these violations associated with?
dopaminergic
Adrenenergic
Cholinenergic
Peptidenergic
Serotonergic
104. A woman of 64 years got violated the subtle movements of the fingers. tremor
and muscle rigidity were seen. Neurologist diagnosed Parkinson's disease. What
structure damage most likely led to the development of these symptoms?
substantia nigra
cerebellum
Reticular formation
red nuclei
thalamus
105. A man of 48 years was found to have the selective violation of motion planning.
What parts of the cerebral cortex were the most likely damaged?
supplementary motor area (field 6)
Primary Motor Division
Temporal Zone
Frontal area
postcentral sulcus
106. In the sleeping boy of 18 years, by the EEG technique was detected beta
rhythm and the rapid eye movements. What phase of sleep corresponds to the
appearance of beta-rhythm?
fast wave sleep
awakening
non-deep
deep
deep phase of slow wave sleep
107. A man of 60 years got the long-term sleep after the stroke. Damage to what
structures of the central nervous system, the most likely, led to this condition?
ascending part of reticular formation
Cerebellum
substantia nigra
precentral sulcus
5-9 pairs of cranial nerves
108. A man of 60 years was diagnosed with the stroke associated with the
destruction of the lateral hypothalamic nuclei. What changes of motivational behavior
were the most likely to be expected in this case?
refusal of food, exhaustion
thirst
hunger, food-getting behavior
aggressive behavior
depression
109. During wakefulness and lack of hard mental work there mainly recorded in the
EEG:
beta rhythm
alpha rhythm
theta rhythm
delta rhythm
gamma rhythm
110. What kind of recording of the electrical activity reflects the movements of the
limbs?
electromyogram
electrocardiogram
electroretinogram
electronystagmogram
electroencephalogram
111. A patient was diagnosed with the damage of caudate nucleus. What changes in
motor activity accompanied these lesions?
hyperkinesia
Adiadohokinesis
astasia
areflexia
Atonia
112. The patient has lost tactile sensitivity after traumatic brain injury. Which part of
the brain was damaged?
postcentral gyrus
occipital lobe
Temporal lobe
precentral gyrus
Cerebellum
113. After administration of strychnine to a frog it responds to the slightest irritation
with the generalized convulsions. This is due tthe blockade in the central nervous
system:
inhibitory synapses
excitatory synapses
Renshaw Cells
adrenoceptor
cholinoreceptors
114.Upper limbs of a standing person at rest is in easy bending. What is the cause of
the condition of the limbs?
Reflex with muscle spindles tensile biceps
Congenital ready to go
antagonistic reflex bent open side of the lower limbs
Reflex with vestibular receptors vestibular
Toning influence limbic structures and the neocortex
115. The patient 36 years after the injury occurred road paralysis of the limbs on the
right, loss of pain and temperature sensation on the left, a partial reduction in tactile
sensitivity on both sides. To injury of what part of the brain these changes are most
common ?
the right half of spinal cord
the left motor cortex
The left half of the spinal cord
The front columns of the spinal cord
The posterior columns of the spinal cord
116. When pushing the rod athlete throws his head back in order to maximize the
tone of the extensor muscles of the upper limbs. Where are
the centers of reflexes which occur during this?
in the nuclei of Deiters
In motor cortex
in the basal ganglia
in the red nuclei
In the spinal cord
117.The cat in the experiment carried out one of the irritation of motor structures of
the brain. resulting in increased tone observed extensor muscles by stimulation. The
animal was carried irritation:
Nucleus vestibularis lateralis
Nucleus caudatus
Nucleus ruber
Nucleus reticularis medialis
Nucleus intermedius lateralis
118. The cat in the experiment, an increased tone of the extensor muscles of the
limbs and back (decerebrate rigidity). At what level was made overcutting of the
brain?
below the red nuclei
between the spinal cord and medulla oblongata
below the vestibular nuclei
above the red nuclei
Spinal Cord
119.In the vertical position the patient, closing his eyes, loses his balance. What
structure of the brain is probably damaged?
cerebellum
the basal ganglia
The limbic system
thalamus
the precentral gyrus of the cerebral cortex
120. A sportsman spontaneously held breath for 40 seconds, which resulted in an
increase in heart rate and systemic arterial pressure. Changes of these indicators are
due to activation of the following regulatory mechanisms:
Unconditioned sympathetic reflexes
Unconditioned parasympathetic reflexes
Conditioned sympathetic reflex
Conditioned parasympathetic reflexes
121. After a craniocerebral injury a patient is unable to recognize objects by touch.
What part of brain has been damaged?
Postcentral gyrus
Occipital lobe
Temporal lobe
Precentral gyrus
Cerebellum
122. As a result of a craniocerebral injury, a patient has a decreased skin sensitivity.
What area of the cerebral cortex is likely to be damaged?
Posterior central gyrus
Occipital region
Cingulate gyrus
Frontal cortex
Anterior central gyrus
123. During an animal experiment, surgical damage of certain brain structures has
caused deep prolonged sleep. What structure is most likely to cause such
condition, if damaged?
Reticular formation
Basal ganglion
Red nuclei
Hippocampus
Cerebral cortex
124. In a cat with decerebrate rigidity the muscle tone is to be decreased. This can
be achieved by:
Destruction of the vestibular nuclei of Deiters
Stimulation of the otolithic vestibular receptors
Stimulation of the vestibular nuclei of Deiters
Stimulation of the vestibulocochlear nerve
Stimulation of the ampullar vestibular receptors
125. As a result of an injury, the integrity of the anterior spinal cord root was broken.
Specify the neurons and their processes that had been damaged:
Axons of motor neurons
Motor neuron dendrites
Axons of sensory neurons
Dendrites of Sensory neurons
Dendrites of association neurons
126. Parkinson's disease is caused by disruption of dopamine synthesis. What brain
structure synthesizes this neurotransmitter?
Substantia nigra
Globus pallidus
Corpora quadrigemina
Red nucleus
Hypothalamus