Photosynthesis
and Respiration
Grade 6 Life Science
Lesson 29
Review
Living things are divided into
groups based on how they obtain
energy.
Producers and Consumers.
What are the differences between
producers and consumers?
Producers are able to produce
their own energy through:
photosynthesis
_____________.
Consumers cannot make their
own food.
What do plants need for
photosynthesis?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Water
Carbon dioxide
Light
Chlorophyll
What are the similarities between
producers and consumers?
All producers and consumers use
___________
respiration to release energy.
What do living things need for
respiration?
1. Carbohydrates (Glucose)
2. Oxygen
Respiration
C6H12O6
Glucose
+
6 O2
Oxygen
6 H2O 6 CO2
Water
+ Carbon + Energy
Dioxide
Respiration
C6H12O6
Glucose
+
6 O2
Oxygen
6 H2O 6 CO2
Water
+ Carbon + Energy
Dioxide
Photosynthesis
C6H12O6
Glucose
+
6 O2
Oxygen
6 H2O 6 CO2
Water
+ Carbon + Energy
Dioxide
Where does respiration take place?
What is the nickname of
mitochondrion?
Energy House.
Respiration
 It is the breaking down of sugar to
produce energy where oxygen is
present.
 Respiration takes place in the
mitochondrion of cells.
Today’s Lesson
All the products are resulted from
fermentation.
What happens when there is not
enough oxygen to stay alive?
If there is no oxygen, cells takes
another way to produce energy.
It is fermentation.
Reading 84 (1)
Fermentation
 Fermentation occurs when cells release
energy from food without using oxygen.
 There are 2 types of fermentation:
Alcohol and Lactic Acid.
Reading 84 (2)
Video Clip
Final Preparation
Grade 6 Life Science
Lesson 29
What is Science?
(p.8)
Science is an organized way of
studying things and finding
answers to questions.
What are two types of
Science?
(p.8)
1. Physics:
– Relationship between
energy and matter
2. Biology:
– Study of Living things
What is scientific
method? (p.9)
The series of procedures to
solve problems.
Let us talk about
“Scientific Method” in
detail.
Scientific Method
 Who uses it?
 Everyone uses it everyday.
 Even YOU!!!
 What is it?
 It is a way to solve problems.
 Do you have any problems to solve?
Any of these sound familiar?
 Where are My Shoes?
 What should I have for lunch?
 What class do I have next?
 Did I do my homework for that class?
 What is the cure for cancer?
What is the first step for
the “scientific method”?
1. State the problem
 Scientists develop a question about
a problem.
 They need to be very specific in
defining what they are trying to
explain or solve.
2. Gather Information
 Next they gather information about
the problem/question.
 They can use:
- books, magazines, reports
- experts
- your past experiences or prior
knowledge
3. Form a hypothesis
 What you think the answer is based
upon your gathered information
and prior knowledge.
 It is an educated guess or prediction.
 We call it hypothesis.
 It begins with: I think …
4. Perform an experiment
 Every experiment has variable and
control!
A variable is something that
changes.
A control is something that
does not change.
Example:
I think birds will like green
more than others.
4. Perform an experiment
 Independent variable: the scientist
changes this variable
 Dependent variable: part of the
experiment that changes as a result
of some other action, it is measured
 Control: the part of the experiment
that is not changed by the scientist
Example:
I think birds will like green
more than others.
In this experiment, what
is an “Independent
Variable”?
It is color of the feeders
because it is changed by the
person doing the experiment.
In this experiment, what
is an “Dependent
Variable”?
It is amount of seed eaten
because it is changed by result
of the birds’ favors and you
can measure it.
In this experiment, what
is an “Control”?
Everything else (except the
independent variable).
For example:
- the location of the feeders
- the kind of feeder used
- putting the feeders out at the same
time
Our Experimental Design
Controls
Location of feeders
Kind of seed
Type of feeder
Independent
Variable
Red
Blue
Green
Dependent
Variable
Amount of Seed
Eaten
Amount of Seed
Eaten
Amount of Seed
Eaten
Worksheet
For Example:
Students of different ages
were given the same jigsaw
puzzle to put together.
They were timed to see
how long it took to finish
the puzzle.
Identify the variables in
this investigation.
What was the independent variable?
• Ages of the students
–Different ages were tested by the
scientist
What was the dependent variable?
• The time it took to put the puzzle
together
• The time was observed and measured
by the scientist
What was a controlled variable?
• Same puzzle
–All of the participants were
tested with the same puzzle.
–It would not have been a fair test
if some had an easy 30 piece
puzzle and some had a harder
500 piece puzzle.
Another example:
An investigation was done with an
electromagnetic system made from a
battery and wire wrapped around a
nail.
Different sizes of nails were used.
The number of paper clips the
electromagnet could pick up was
measured.
What are the variables in this
investigation?
Independent variable:
• Sizes of nails
–These were changed by the
scientist
Dependent variable:
• Number of paper clips picked
up
–The number of paper clips
observed and counted (measured)
Controlled variables:
• Battery, wire, type of nail
– None of these items were changed
6. Analyze data
 A key to experiments is observing
what happens and writing it down.
 It may be charts, graphs, or written
work.
What did you find the
answer to the question?
It is OK if it turns out that
your hypothesis was not
correct.
7. Draw Conclusions
 Conclusion is a logical answer to
question based on data and
observation.
Scientists share their
experiments and findings
with others.
Report results
 Because they share their
experiments and findings, scientists
can learn from each other and often
use someone else’s experiences to
help them with what they are
studying or doing.
After scientist report the results of
experiments supporting their
hypothesis,
the results can be used to propose
a scientific theory.
Developing Theories
 Theory is an explanation based on
scientific knowledge.
 It is result of many observations and
experiments.
Worksheet
Homework:
Find out the variables
and control from your
experiment on
worksheet.