Activity 1.2 Recapping the particle model
WHAT TO DO:
Access the internet and launch http://concord.org/stem-resources/phase-change.
Read the instructions.
Explore pages 1 to 4, you may wish to type answers into the boxes on screen or complete
the questions in the space provided below.
Responses:
1.
List three everyday examples of phase changes.
a)
b)
c)
2.
Describe the motion of atoms and molecules in a gas.
Light, Sound, Action • Activity 1.2 Recapping the particle model
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Activity 1.2 Recapping the particle model
3.
How are the behaviour and arrangements of gas molecules similar to and different
from soccer players running in the field?
SIMILARITIES
DIFFERENCES
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Activity 1.2 Recapping the particle model
4.
How does the motion of folks at an outdoor rally resemble a liquid?
5.
How does the motion of atoms and molecules in a solid resemble people in a movie
theatre?
Now look at page 7 and 8
6.
a)
Describe what was happening in the model when the temperature stopped rising
(in the middle of the simulation).
b)
Describe the state of the molecules throughout this time.
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Activity 1.2 Recapping the particle model
7.
What do you think caused the system to cool down when evaporation happens in the
second model, based on the reasoning from the first model?
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Activity 1.4 Convection
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
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1.4 Convection
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Activity 1.5 The wave model
Go to Wave on a string (http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/wave-on-a-string)
1.
Explore the simulation. Be sure to click on all the buttons. 2.
Select ‘Pulse’, ‘No end’ and show ‘rulers’. The screen should look like this: Set
Amplitude = 50,
Pulse width = 50,
Damping = 0,
Tension = high,
Press ‘pulse’
Set
Amplitude = 100, Pulse width = 50,
Damping =0,
Tension = high,
Press ‘pulse’
Set
Amplitude = 10,
Damping = 0,
Tension = high,
Press ‘pulse’
a)
Pulse width = 50,
State the purpose of the amplitude slider?
Set
Amplitude = 50,
Pulse width = 10,
Damping = 0,
Tension = high,
Press ‘pulse’
Set
Amplitude = 50,
Pulse width = 100, Damping = 0,
Tension = high,
Press ‘pulse’
b)
State the purpose of the pulse width slider?
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Activity 1.5 The wave model
Set
Amplitude = 50, Pulse width = 50,
Damping = 100, Tension = high,
Press ‘pulse’
Set
Amplitude = 50, Pulse width = 50,
Damping = 50,
Tension = high,
Press ‘pulse’
Press ‘pulse’
c)
State the purpose of the damping slider?
Set
Amplitude = 50, Pulse width = 50,
Damping = 0,
Tension = low,
Set
Amplitude = 50, Pulse width = 50,
Damping = 0,
Tension = medium, Press ‘pulse’
d)
State the purpose of the tension slider?
CONCLUSION
Summarise your observations for pulses.
3.
Now select ‘Oscillate’ but leave all other settings the same.
a)
Describe what you see on screen.
Check that your conclusion about the purpose of the sliders still holds when in ‘oscillate’ mode
rather than ‘pulse’ mode.
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Activity 1.5 The wave model
b)
Check the ‘show rulers’ box and try to measure the height and width of a wave. You will
need to hit the ‘pause’ button to be more accurate. Your screen should look something
like the one shown below.
3. Now select ‘loose end’, and you will find that the string is now attached via a loop to a pole. Set
Amplitude = 50, Damping = 10,
Frequency = 25,
Tension = high
and restart the oscillating.
Using the ‘pause’ and ‘step’ buttons measure the maximum height of the wave at each end. piston pole Comment on these values -
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Activity 1.5 The wave model
5.
The wavelength of a wave is the distance between two crests (maximum heights). In this image the wavelength is 33cm. Complete the table for a fair test to determine whether wavelength is related to frequency. AMPLITUDE
6.
FREQUENCY
WAVELENGTH
Draw on the wave, to show what will happen when the amplitude is increased: 7. Draw on the wave, to show what will happen when the frequency is increased: Light, Sound, Action • Activity 1.5 The wave model
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Activity 2.2 Charging objects
TRIBOELECTRIC SERIES
A neutral object has no overall charge because it has equal amounts of both positive and
negative charges present. When we have charged objects they will either lose electrons and
become positive or gain electrons to become negative. We can rank materials in order of
how readily they charge – this is called the triboelectric series.
Each PAIR will require:

small pieces of paper and/or polystyrene beads

soft cloth (variety of materials)

objects from the chart

plastic comb

tap with fine stream of running water
What to do:
Step 1.Your teacher will provide a range of objects from the
triboelectric series. Design a fair test to verify whether all
objects charge in the same way, which charge the most and
whether you can determine the difference in charge transfer.
Think about:
How will you record your results?
What will you measure?
What do you need to control?
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Activity 2.4 Current
Explore the simulation http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/circuit-construction-kit-dc.
What do the buttons and slider do? What are the components available?
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Activity 2.4 Current
1.
Series Circuits
Build a simple series circuit that consists of 7 pieces of wire, 2 globes and 1 battery.
Draw a picture of your circuit here.
What is the purpose of the red circles?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
What do you think the moving blue dots represent?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
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Activity 2.4 Current
Use the tools at the side to get a voltmeter and a non-contact ammeter.
Put the voltmeter near the battery and place the red tab at one end and the black at the
other.
What is the voltage? __________
Place the ammeter crosshairs over the moving blue dots. What is the reading? _________
What does this tell us about the circuit?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Use the left button to play with the resistance and voltage of the battery. Make observations
on how this changes the readings on the voltmeter and ammeter. Record your observations
below.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
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Activity 2.4 Current
2. Parallel Circuits
Parallel circuits provide more than one path for electrons to move. Sketch below a parallel
circuit that includes 10 wires, 2 globes and 1 battery.
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Activity 2.4 Current
Create your circuit in the simulator tool.
Use the voltmeter and non-contact ammeter to measure electron flow and push.
Voltage:_______
Ammeter:______
How does this compare with your observations in the series circuit? Is this surprising?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Alter resistance and voltage and record your observations below.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Now right click on one of the wires connected to a globe. Remove the wire and record your
observations.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
If you reconnect the wire and remove another wire is the effect the same?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
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Activity 2.4 Current
3. Challenge
Create a series circuit side by side to a parallel circuit, ensuring the same number of components
in each.
Sketch your diagrams below and record observations about current, voltage and resistance.
Light, Sound, Action • Activity 2.2 Charging
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