Technical Report.
POOLE TOWN FC
FOOTBALL PITCH FLOODLIGHTING
LOW LIGHT POLLUTION INSTALLATION
12/11/2010
Abacus Ref:UKS6113/5
Abacus Design Outline.
In designing as suitable floodlighting solution for the Main Pitch & Community Pitch at Poole
Town FC several key specification issues had to be considered. These included establishing
the illuminance level required, the environmental zone category for the site, the minimum
mast height & the number type of floodlights. Details of how these issues were resolved are
as follows:1. To ascertain the illuminance level required we referred BS EN 12193 (Sports Lighting)
which outlines the minimum standards for sports lighting in Europe. This requires a
maintained illuminance level of 200 Lux for Class II(Competition Standard) & 75 Lux for
Class III(Training Standard) installations.
2. For the relevant environmental zone reference was made The Institution of Lighting
Engineers: Guidance Notes for the Reduction of Obtrusive Light, 2005. This document
categorises the environment into four zones ranging from National Parks to City Centres.
The site at Poole FC would fall into Zone E2 for rural locations or small villages.
3. The mast height was calculated using the method detailed in the CIBSE guide LG4
“Sports Lighting”. This uses angles projected from the centre of the pitch & the touch line
to produce a head frame location zone. When applied to this project the optimum mast
height ranged from 18m to 20m for the Main Pitch & 15m to 18m for the Community
Pitch. An 20m mounting height was chosen for the Main Pitch & 15m for the Community
Pitch. These mounting heights will allow the floodlights to be mounted as near to
horizontal as possible. This will result in low vertical overspill & good uniformity on the
playing surface, without compromising cost. The slimline raining & lowering masts will
minimise daytime intrusion as well as offering simple & safe maintenance of the lighting
system. If the mounting height was reduced the floodlights would have to be elevated at
higher angles resulting in significantly increasing overspill & glare.
4. In order to meet the requirements of The Institution of Lighting Engineers: Guidance
Notes for the Reduction of Obtrusive Light, 2005, the Abacus AL5760 Challenger 1
floodlight, using Flat Glass Technology was chosen as being suitable. Details of the
main features of this product are highlighted below.
Abacus AL5760 Challenger 1 Floodlight.
The Abacus AL5760 series floodlight has been specifically designed to fulfil the
requirements of sports area lighting. It is particularly suited to applications were low light
pollution is essential. The floodlight incorporates the Abacus Light Control system to
ensure that light pollution is minimised.
The AL5760 series floodlight features a Double Asymmetric reflector which a produces full
flow of light over the application area. The main beam of light is emitted at an angle of 60
degrees forward when the front glass is horizontal. This results in a flat floodlight
appearance & as a consequence reduces the area of reflector visible to residents outside
the site.
The Internal Baffle re-directs upward waste light back into the floodlight beam, providing
increased efficiency. At angles above the beam it also shields the view of the lamp, thus
reducing glare to participants.
By using Flat Glass Technology overspill & upward light is therefore reduced in the
surrounding environment.
The AL5760 series has been designed to accept many lamp types from several
manufactures, including the latest metal halide & high pressure sodium, double-ended
lamps. The use of double-ended lamps ensures that the light source is always located
precisely in the optical system, further improving light control & installation accuracy. Rear
lamp access also allows ease of maintenance.
Further features of the Challenger 1 include the following:




Compact wind area, this allows smaller mast & foundations to be used.
High quality, high pressure die cast body, finished polyester powder coated grey.
High purity polished reflector system.
Toughened front glass.
IP66 ingress protection (floodlight housing & ignitor box).
For full details of dimensions & specification please see the colour brochure enclosed.
Abacus Lighting Design Ref: UKS6113/5
The Abacus lighting proposals are detailed on the drawing reference UKS6113/5 these show
the mast locations, floodlight orientations, illuminance levels on the pitch & projected
overspill values.
The design achieves a maintained illuminance value of 235 Lux with a uniformity of 0.69 for
the Main Pitch & 110 Lux with a uniformity of 0.63 for the Community Pitch. The maintained
illuminance values are calculated using a maintenance factor of 0.77. This takes into
account light losses due to dirt accumulation on the floodlight front glass & lamp lumen
depreciation, ensuring that the minimum requirements for safe play are achieved.
The use of the Challenger 1 floodlight ensures that horizontal & vertical overspill
containment is excellent. As less than 5 Lux vertical illuminance will be projected towards
any residential property the system will meet the requirements for an environmental zone E2
location. Upward waste light will also be minimised as all of the floodlights are elevated less
than 10 degrees above the horizontal, resulting in as ULOR of just 1.9%. This will meet the
recommendations of The Campaign For Dark Skies, an organisation who lobby for low light
pollution systems & recommend the use of Abacus Challenger 1 systems.
All design calculations have been undertaken using an open, unobstructed site, the values
of overspill will be further reduced any existing mature trees or natural screening.
Conclusion.
The proposed system would be suitable for installing in an environmental zone E2, meeting
the most stringent of light control parameters whilst maintaining the specified illuminance
levels for the sports pitch.
The impact on residents will be minimised as overspill values into gardens will be less than
moonlight & vertical illuminance into windows before curfew are very much below the values
recommended by the ILE. Daytime visual impact will also be minimised by using slimline
masts & light grey floodlights which do not stand out against the skyline.
Once installed the AL5760 series light control system will provide the optimum sports lighting
solution, ensuring that light reaches the sports surface & not into the sky or polluting the
environment.
For and on behalf of Abacus Lighting Ltd
Neil Johnson | Abacus Lighting Ltd
Sports Lighting Manager(UK)
Oddicroft Lane, Sutton-in-Ashfield,
Nottinghamshire, NG17 5FT, United Kingdom
Tel +44 (0)1623 518 268 | Mob +44 (0)7973 655 543
Fax +44(0)1623 523 268
www.abacuslighting.com | twitter.com/AbacusLighting
njohnson@abacuslighting.com
FLOODLIGHTING
CHALLENGER 1 AL5760
®
Benefits
• Challenger 1 gives excellent light
control; reducing light overspill,
upward light and glare
• Includes a double asymmetric
distribution with Flat Glass
Technology
• Designed for lighting outdoor
sports grounds and smaller sports
stadiums where obtrusive light
control is an essential requirement
• The Challenger 1 floodlight now
contains a factory fitted 2kw cut-out
ignitor which offers better protection
for the lamp and floodlight cabling
Technical Features
• Body of high-pressure die cast
aluminium, first given a zinc
chromate substrate, then finished in
RAL7035 light grey polyester powder
coating for optimum protection
against harsh environments
Fels Point Tennis Club, Ireland
72 www.abacuslighting.com
• Narrow, medium and wide beam,
double asymmetric light
distributions
• Toughened front glass, secured
within an aluminium frame
• Double asymmetric reflector system
of high purity, polished and anodised
aluminium. Incorporating an internal
baffle to improve efficiency and
reduce glare
• Galvanised steel stirrup, with
additional locking screws
• Sealed to IP66; with silicone rubber gasketing
• Electrical connection box (IP66)
housing ignitor, located on the side
of the stirrup, fitted with 2 x GORE™
membrane breathers
• Simple aiming using a separate
aiming device for accurate results
• Breather management system
regulates air flow through the cable
hose and in/out through IP67
GORE™ membrane. This method
alleviates stress on the front glass
Lamp: Manufacturer Product
Code
Lamp
Manufacturer
Lamp: Abacus
Product Code
Lampholder
Type
AL5761
Narrow
2kW: MHN-LA 2000W/842 &
956
Philips
LPP2000MHN-TD (842) &
LPP2000/D (956)
XWH UNP
AL5762
Medium
2kW: MHN-LA 2000W/842 &
956
Philips
LPP2000MHN-TD (842) &
LPP2000/D (956)
XWH UNP
AL5763
Wide
2kW: MHN-LA 2000W/842 &
956
Philips
LPP2000MHN-TD (842) &
LPP2000/D (956)
XWH UNP
AL5764
Narrow
2kW: HQI-TS 2000W/N/L K12S
FS1
Osram
LPW20000M/LA
K12s-7
AL5765
Medium
2kW: HQI-TS 2000W/N/L K12S
FS1
Osram
LPW20000M/LA
K12s-7
AL5766
Wide
2kW: HQI-TS 2000W/N/L K12S
FS1
Osram
LPW20000M/LA
K12s-7
AL5767
Narrow
2kW: MH-TS 2000W/L/K12/45K
Venture
LPV2000M/LA
K12s-7
AL5768
Medium
2kW: MH-TS 2000W/L/K12/45K
Venture
LPV2000M/LA
K12s-7
AL5769
Wide
2kW: MH-TS 2000W/L/K12/45K
Venture
LPV2000M/LA
K12s-7
AL5770
Narrow
1kW: MHN-LA 1000W/842 &
956
Philips
LPP1000MHN-TD (842) &
LPP1000MHD-TD (956)
XWH UNP
AL5771
Medium
1kW: MHN-LA 1000W/842 &
956
Philips
LPP1000MHN-TD (842) &
LPP1000MHD-TD (956)
XWH UNP
AL5772
Wide
1kW: MHN-LA 1000W/842 &
956
Philips
LPP1000MHN-TD (842) &
LPP1000MHD-TD (956)
XWH UNP
AL5773
Narrow
2kW: MHN-FC2000/740
Philips
LPP2000MHN-FC
XW UNP
AL5774
Medium
2kW: MHN-FC2000/740
Philips
LPP2000MHN-FC
XW UNP
AL5775
Wide
2kW: MHN-FC2000/740
Philips
LPP2000MHN-FC
XW UNP
AL5776
Narrow
1kW: MHN-FC1000/740
Philips
LPP1000MHN-FC
XW UNP
AL5777
Medium
1kW: MHN-FC1000/740
Philips
LPP1000MHN-FC
XW UNP
AL5778
Wide
1kW: MHN-FC1000/740
Philips
LPP1000MHN-FC
XW UNP
FLOODLIGHTING
Beam Type
Lamp references
HQI-TS
HQI-TS
MHN-LA
MHN-FC
Lamp Manufacturer
& Lamp Ref.
Lamp
Wattage
Colour
Temp
RA:
Lamp Lumen
Output:
(Initial Im)
Lamp
Current:
Supply Voltage
Total
Circuit
Power:
Venture
MH-TS2000W/L/K12/4K
2kW
4500K
65
240,000 I.lm
10.3A
380/400/415V
2150W
Philips
MHN-LA2KW400V/842
2kW
4200K
80
220,000 I.lm
9.6A
380/400/415V
2105W
MHN-LA2KW400V/956
2kW
5600K
90
190,000 I.lm
10.3A
380/400/415V
2113W
MHN-LA1KW230V/842
1kW
4200K
80
100,000 I.lm
9.3A
230/240V
1040W
MHN-LA1KW230V/956
1kW
5600K
90
90,000 I.lm
10.1A
230/240V
1040W
MHN-FC2000W/740
2kW
4200K
60
210,000 I.lm
10.1A
380/400/415V
2032W
MHN-FC1000W/740
1kW
4100K
65
93,000 I.lm
10A
230/240V
1040W
Osram
HQI-TS2000WNL
2kW
4400K
65
230,000 I.lm
10.7A
380/400/415V
2180W
HQI-TS2000WDL
2kW
5400K
85
20,5000 I.lm
10.3A
380/400/415V
2180W
Technical information may alter dependent on control gear used
Professional lighting systems to suit any project. Call 01623 518 333
73
Dimensions
Maintenance
Dimensions in mm
491
523
254
431
277
142
513
3 x ø21mm
240
70
125
340
258
Mounting:
Stirrup mounted using M20 fixing
Stirrup adjustment +/- 140º
Weight: 20Kg. Front wind area: @60°
setting (Flat Glass) - 0.126m² 70° max
setting (+10 elevation) - 0.135m².
Side wind area: 0.108m²
Easy Maintenance:
Access to the lamp by means
of opening the rear door
Key features
Abacus Lighting
Control System
Double Asymmetric
Reflector
A combination of efficient lighting
design and careful floodlight design
has rewarded Abacus with an
international reputation for
pioneering high performance
floodlighting combined with effective
control of obtrusive light.
The double asymmetric reflector is
designed to ensure full flow of light
over the lit area from each floodlight.
With the main beam emitted from
the floodlight at an angle of 60
degrees forward from the normal
to the front glass, it results in a flat
appearance (fig 1). The benefit is
that less of the reflector is visible
to spectators and onlookers,
resulting in low glare to the
surrounding locality.
Specific to Challenger 1 the Abacus
Light Control System consists of a
series of complimentary measures
to effectively control light pollution.
fig.1
Internal Baffle
The internal baffle re-directs upward
stray light back into the floodlight
beam, providing increased efficiency.
At angles above the beam the baffle
shields direct lamp glare (fig 3).
Produces sharp run back above high
peak resulting in greater overspill
containment and minimal intrusion
to adjacent areas bordering the
installation (fig 2).
fig.3
fig.2
Lamp
60º
Reduced
direct glare
2.
3.
cd/klm
IPK
cd/klm
cd/klm
1.
AL5764/AL5767
AL5765/AL5768
AL5766/AL5769
2kW HQI - TS / MH - TS 2kW HQI - TS / MH - TS 2kW HQI - TS / MH - TS
Narrow beam
Medium beam
Wide beam
74 www.abacuslighting.com
Baffle
The Institution of Lighting Engineers
Email ile@ile.org.uk
Website www.ile.org.uk
GUIDANCE NOTES FOR THE
REDUCTION OF OBTRUSIVE LIGHT
ALL LIVING THINGS adjust their behaviour according to natural light. Man's invention of artificial light has
done much to enhance our nighttime environment but, if not properly controlled, obtrusive light
(commonly referred to as light pollution) can present serious physiological and ecological problems.
Obtrusive Light, whether it keeps you awake through a bedroom window or impedes your view of the night
sky, is a form of pollution and can be substantially reduced without detriment to the lighting task.
Sky glow, the brightening of the night sky above our towns, cities and countryside, Glare the uncomfortable
brightness of a light source when viewed against a dark background, and Light Trespass, the spilling of light
beyond the boundary of the property or area being lit, are all forms of obtrusive light which may cause
nuisance to others, waste money and electricity and result in the unnecessary emissions of greenhouse
gases. Think before you light. Is it necessary? What effect will it have on others? Will it cause a nuisance?
How can I minimise the problem?
Do not "over" light. This is a major cause of obtrusive light and is a waste of energy. There are published standards for
most lighting tasks, adherence to which will help minimise upward reflected light. Organisations from which full
details of these standards can be obtained are given on the last page of this leaflet.
Dim or switch off lights when the task is finished. Generally a lower level of lighting will suffice to enhance the night
time scene than that required for safety and security.
ILE Copyright 2005
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Institution of Lighting Engineers
Guidance Notes for the Reduction of Obtrusive Light GN01
Use specifically designed lighting equipment that minimises the upward spread of light near to and above the
horizontal. Care should be taken when selecting luminaires to ensure that appropriate units are chosen and that their
location will reduce spill light and glare to a minimum. Remember that lamp light output in LUMENS is not the same
as lamp wattage and that it is the former that is important in combating the problems of obtrusive light
Keep glare to a minimum by ensuring
that the main beam angle of all lights
directed towards any potential
o
observer is not more than 70 . Higher
mounting heights allow lower main
beam angles, which can assist in
reducing glare. In areas with low
ambient lighting levels, glare can be
very obtrusive and extra care should be taken when positioning and aiming lighting equipment. With regard to
domestic security lighting the ILE produces an information leaflet GN02 that is freely available from its web site.
The UK Government will be providing an annex to PPS23 Planning and Pollution Control, specifically on obtrusive
light. However many Local Planning Authorities (LPA’s) have already produced, or are producing, policies that within
the new planning system will become part of the local development framework. For new developments there is an
opportunity for LPA’s to impose planning conditions related to external lighting, including curfew hours.
For sports lighting installations
(see also design standards listed
on Page 4) the use of luminaires
with doubleasymmetric beams
designed so that the front glazing
is kept at or near parallel to the
surface being lit should, if
correctly aimed, ensure minimum
obtrusive light. In most cases it
will also be beneficial to use as high a mounting height as possible, giving due regard to the daytime appearance of
the installation. The requirements to control glare for the safety of road users are given in Table 2.
When lighting vertical
structures such as
advertising signs direct
light downwards, wherever
possible. If there is no
alternative to uplighting,
as with much decorative
lighting of buildings, then the use of shields, baffles and louvres will help reduce spill light around and over the
structure to a minimum.
For road and amenity lighting installations, (see also design standards listed on Page 4) light near to and above the
horizontal should normally be minimised to reduce glare and sky glow (Note ULRs in Table 1). In sensitive rural areas
o
the use of full horizontal cut off luminaires installed at 0 uplift will, in addition to reducing sky glow, also help to
minimise visual intrusion within the open landscape. However in many urban locations, luminaires fitted with a more
decorative bowl and good optical control of light should be acceptable and may be more appropriate.
ILE Copyright 2005
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Institution of Lighting Engineers
Guidance Notes for the Reduction of Obtrusive Light GN01
ENVIRONMENTAL ZONES:
It is recommended that Local Planning Authorities specify the following environmental zones for exterior lighting
control within their Development Plans.
Category
Examples
E1:
Intrinsically dark landscapes
E2:
Low district brightness areas
E3:
Medium district brightness areas
E4:
High district brightness areas
National Parks, Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty, etc
Rural, small village, or relatively dark urban locations
Small town centres or urban locations
Town/city centres with high levels of nighttime activity
Where an area to be lit lies on the boundary of two zones the obtrusive light limitation values used should be those
applicable to the most rigorous zone.
DESIGN GUIDANCE
The following limitations may be supplemented or replaced by a LPA’s own planning guidance for exterior lighting
installations. As lighting design is not as simple as it may seem, you are advised to consult and/or work with a
professional lighting designer before installing any exterior lighting.
Table 1 – Obtrusive Light Limitations for Exterior Lighting Installations
Source Intensity
Environmental
Sky Glow Light Trespass
(3)
I [kcd]
Zone
ULR
(into Windows)
(2)
[Max %] Ev [Lux]
(1)
Pre curfew
Post curfew Pre curfew
Post curfew
E1
E2
E3
E4
0
2.5
5.0
15.0
2
5
10
25
1*
1
2
5
2.5
7.5
10
25
0
0.5
1.0
2.5
Building
Luminance
(4)
Precurfew
Average,
[cd/m2]
L
0
5
10
25
ULR
=
Upward Light Ratio of the Installation is the maximum permitted percentage of luminaire flux for
the
total installation that goes directly into the sky.
Ev
=
Vertical Illuminance in Lux and is measured flat on the glazing at the centre of the window
I
=
Light Intensity in Cd
L
=
Luminance in Cd/m2
Curfew =
The time after which stricter requirements (for the control of obtrusive light) will apply; often a
condition of use of lighting applied by the local planning authority. If not otherwise stated 23.00hrs is suggested.
*
=
From Public road lighting installations only
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Upward Light Ratio – Some lighting schemes will require the deliberate and careful use of upward light – e.g.
ground recessed luminaires, ground mounted floodlights, festive lighting – to which these limits cannot apply.
However, care should always be taken to minimise any upward waste light by the proper application of
suitably directional luminaires and light controlling attachments.
Light Trespass (into Windows) – These values are suggested maxima and need to take account of existing
light trespass at the point of measurement. In the case of road lighting on public highways where building
facades are adjacent to the lit highway, these levels may not be obtainable. In such cases where a specific
complaint has been received, the Highway Authority should endeavour to reduce the light trespass into the
window down to the after curfew value by fitting a shield, replacing the luminaire, or by varying the lighting
level.
Source Intensity – This applies to each source in the potentially obtrusive direction, outside of the area being
lit. The figures given are for general guidance only and for some sports lighting applications with limited
mounting heights, may be difficult to achieve.
Building Luminance – This should be limited to avoid over lighting, and related to the general district
brightness. In this reference building luminance is applicable to buildings directly illuminated as a nighttime
feature as against the illumination of a building caused by spill light from adjacent luminaires or luminaires
fixed to the building but used to light an adjacent area.
ILE Copyright 2005
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Institution of Lighting Engineers
Guidance Notes for the Reduction of Obtrusive Light GN01
Table 2 – Maximum Values of Threshold Increment from NonRoad Lighting Installations
Light Technical
Parameter
TI
TI
=
(5)
Road Classification
(5)
No road lighting
ME5
ME4/ ME3
ME2 / ME1
15% based on adaptation
2
luminance of 0.1cd/m
15% based on adaptation
2
luminance of 1cd/m
15% based on adaptation
2
luminance of 2 cd/m
15% based on adaptation
2
luminance of 5 cd/m
Threshold Increment is a measure of the loss of visibility caused by the disability glare from the obtrusive light installation
Road Classifications as given in BS EN 13201 2: 2003 Road lighting Performance requirements
Limits apply where users of transport systems are subject to a reduction in the ability to see essential information. Values
given are for relevant positions and for viewing directions in path of travel. See CIE Publication 150:2003, Section 5.4 for
methods of determination. For a more detailed description and methods for calculating and measuring the above
parameters see CIE Publication 150:2003.
RELEVANT PUBLICATIONS AND STANDARDS:
British Standards:
www.bsi.org.uk
BS 54891: 2003 Code of practice for the design of road lighting – Part 1: Lighting of roads and
public amenity areas
BS EN 132012:2003 Road lighting – Part 2: Performance requirements
BS EN 132013:2003 Road lighting – Part 3: Calculation of performance
BS EN 132014:2003 Road lighting – Part 4: Methods of measuring lighting performance.
BS EN 12193: 2003 Light and lighting – Sports lighting
Countryside Commission/DOE
www.odpm.gov.uk
Lighting in the Countryside: Towards good practice (1997) (Out of Print)
CIBSE/SLL Publications:
www.cibse.org
CIE Publications:
www.cie.co.at
CoL
Code for Lighting (2002)
LG1
The Industrial Environment (1989)
LG4
LG6
FF7
Sports (1990+Addendum 2000)
The Exterior Environment (1992)
Environmental Considerations for Exterior Lighting (2003)
01
83
92
115
126
129
136
150
154
Guide lines for minimizing Urban Sky Glow near Astronomical Observatories (1980)
Guide for the lighting of sports events for colour television and film systems (1989)
Guide for floodlighting (1992)
Recommendations for the lighting of roads for motor and pedestrian traffic (1995)
Guidelines for minimizing Sky glow (1997)
Guide for lighting exterior work areas (1998)
Guide to the lighting of urban areas (2000)
Guide on the limitations of the effect of obtrusive light from outdoor lighting installations (2003)
The Maintenance of outdoor lighting systems (2003)
Department of Transport
www.defra.gov.uk
ILE Publications:
www.ile.org
ILE/CIBSE Joint Publications
ILE/CSS Joint Publications
Road Lighting and the Environment (1993) (Out of Print)
TR 5
TR24
GN02
Brightness of Illuminated Advertisements (2001)
A Practical Guide to the Development of a Public Lighting Policy for Local Authorities (1999)
Domestic Security Lighting, Friend or Foe
Lighting the Environment A guide to good urban lighting (1995)
Seasonal Decorations – Code of Practice (2005)
Campaign for Dark Skies (CfDS)
www.darkskies.org
NB: These notes are intended as guidance only and the application of the values given in Tables 1 & 2 should be given
due consideration along with all other factors in the lighting design. Lighting is a complex subject with both objective
and subjective criteria to be considered. The notes are therefore no substitute for professionally assessed and designed
lighting, where the various and maybe conflicting visual requirements need to be balanced.
© 2005 The Institution of Lighting Engineers. Permission is granted to reproduce and distribute this document,
subject to the restriction that the complete document must be copied, without alteration, addition or deletion.
ILE Copyright 2005
4