™ WINTER 2013 S M A R T S U S TA I N A B L E L I G H T I N G 90-CRI SSL luminaires make Petty cars sparkle www.illuminationinfocus.com Light Your Brand with LG Innotek Mid Power LEDs Optimized for Indirect Troffer Applications LG Innotek’s 5152 Mid Power Series The 5152 mid power VHULHVRIIHUVKLJKHI¿FDF\ DQGUHOLDELOLW\ZLWK$16, FRPSOLDQWELQQLQJ7KLV VHULHVLVD/0FHUWL¿HG SURGXFWWKDWIHDWXUHV DPLQLPXP&5,RI DQGLVDYDLODEOHLQFRRO QHXWUDODQGZDUPZKLWH Visit www.FutureLightingSolutions.com for product information and availability LEDLighting.LGInnotek.com Editorial New regulatory changes may impact LED lamps and luminaires There are changes coming to the US Department of Energy (DOE) Lighting Facts program that could lower the cost of LED-based lighting products, while California plans to heighten performance requirements on LED-based retrofit lamps. Whether you are a lighting designer/specifier or work for a lighting company, both solid-state lighting (SSL)-centric regulatory changes may impact you, although in the case of the California action not necessarily in a positive manner. At the Strategies in Light (SIL) conference, the DOE revealed that it will lessen the burden on lighting manufacturers seeking to have multiple related luminaires in a product family listed in the program (www.illuminationinfocus.com/news/4/2/7). To date, manufacturers have had to test every product to the LM-79 standard to have the product listed – even when a series of products have relatively minor differences such as a range of lumen output options. Beginning in April, manufacturers will be able to test one product in a related group of products, and calculate or extrapolate the performance specifications for the others. The change will greatly lessen the testing costs that lighting manufacturers now face, and should pave the way for lower-cost products. I find it hard to find fault with the plan. The DOE will randomly perform a verification test on products bought on the commercial market. Manufacturers selected for a random test will have to pay for that test, but overall the manufacturers will spend far less money on testing. Only lighting companies with a clean Lighting Facts track record can participate. So I expect that the benefits of Lighting Facts – reliable data on the capabilities of a product – will be preserved. I don’t know that I feel so good about the actions of the California Energy Commission (CEC). The agency has quietly launched a voluntary plan that establishes a more strict set of performance requirements for LED-based bulbs (www.illuminationinfocus.com/ news/4/2/13). “Voluntary” is in the title and is technically accurate although maybe not prac________ tically so. The CEC will ensure that major California utilities only provide rebates that comply with the new standards – that exceed Energy Star requirements in some areas. For example, the specification requires a CCT of 2700K or 3000K for LED lamps. But there is solid science that documents applications where a cooler CCT might enhance productivity or wellbeing. The new specification will also require a CRI of 90. There are many applications that need such high CRI, but many that don’t as well. Moreover higher CRI universally means less-efficient lighting — going from a CRI of 80 to a CRI of 90 results in a 20% reduction in lumens per watt. I’m worried that the CEC action might ultimately slow the adoption of energy-efficient SSL products, or at least lessen the positive impact that the ongoing transition to the technology is having on energy usage. And the impact can go beyond California as the state’s actions have in the past led to broader regulatory changes in the US and as lighting manufacturers seek to develop a single product for sale across the country. ⊡ The ups and downs of regulatory changes Maury Wright, Editor mauryw@pennwell.com Illumination In Focus www.illuminationinfocus.com WINTER 2013 1 contents | features 4 20 10 8 | CONFERENCE PRE VIE W 12 | MARKE TS 20 | PHOSPHORS Lightfair presentations span the Lowline to a networked future Keynote presentations on the Strategies Unlimited projects 12% CAGR for LED lighting through 2017 At the Strategies in Remote phosphor brings higher efficacy to area lighting Remote phosphor New York Lowline project, and Vinod Light conference, Vrinda Bhandarkar technology can reduce the number Khosla’s vision of the future of lighting reported the penetration of LEDs into of LEDs needed in area lighting will bookend the Lightfair International lighting and projected total revenue while improving efficacy and light conference, and LED-based products above $20 billion in 2017. Maury Wright quality, and lowering system costs. Stuart Woodrow, Intematix will again dominate the exhibit floor. Maury Wright 10 | COVER STORY 2 14 | AWARDS Outdoor NGL competition highlights 53 LED luminaires The DOE, IESNA, 24 | COGNITIVE LIGHTING Iconic Petty Garage installs 90-CRI LED lighting Efficient and IALD used the Strategies in Light Intelligent sensors enable lighting to be aware and respond to the environment LED-based lighting highlights color conference as a stage to announce The next wave of cognitive lighting and detail of high-end hot rods in the first outdoor winners in the Next systems will use the abundance of Richard Petty’s North Carolina garage. Generation Luminaires program since data available from distributed light Maury Wright 2010. Julie MacShane sensors. Sajol Ghoshal, AMS WINTER 2013 www.illuminationinfocus.com Illumination In Focus 14 cover story | 10 LED lighting in the Petty Garage make the car colors pop, eliminate shadows and glare, and minimize maintenance. WINTER 2013 VOLUME 2 ISSUE 1 A PennWell Publication departments | columns SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT Christine Shaw & PUBLISHING DIRECTOR cshaw@pennwell.com EDITOR Maury Wright EDITORIAL 1 mauryw@pennwell.com ASSOCIATE EDITOR Nicole Pelletier nicolep@pennwell.com New regulatory changes may impact LED lamps and luminaires MAURY WRIGHT LIGHTBEAT 4 Cree and Philips drive LED lamp price toward $10 Precision-Paragon lights tennis facility with fluorescents Osram Sylvania announces new LED products at SIL CONTRIBUTING EDITOR CONTRIBUTING EDITOR MARKETING MANAGER PRESENTATION MANAGER PRODUCTION DIRECTOR SENIOR ILLUSTRATOR AUDIENCE DEVELOPMENT Julie MacShane juliemacshane33@gmail.com Tim Whitaker twhitaker@pennwell.com Jennifer Landry Meg Fuschetti Mari Rodriguez Christopher Hipp Debbie Bouley EDITORIAL OFFICES PennWell Corporation, Illumination in Focus 98 Spit Brook Road, LL-1 Nashua, NH 03062-5737 Tel: +1 603 891-0123 Fax: +1 603 891-0574 www.illuminationinfocus.com SALES OFFICES SALES MANAGER Kelly Barker (US EAST COAST) kellyb@pennwell.com Tel. +1 603 891 9186 Tempo releases new Creszendo sconces SALES MANAGER Allison O’Connor (US WEST COAST) allison@jagmediasales.com Tel. +1 480 991 9109 SALES MANAGER Joanna Hook (EUROPE) joannah@pennwell.com Tel. +44(0)117 946 7262 SALES MANAGER Manami Konishi (JAPAN) konishi-manami@ics-inc.co.jp Tel: +81 3 3219 3641 SALES MANAGER Mark Mak (CHINA & HONG KONG) markm@actintl.com.hk Tel: +852 2838 6298 TRENDING Lithonia LED fixtures aim at indoor and outdoor ceilings LED luminaires from Lithonia are intended for general-purpose, indoor ambient LED lighting, and for outdoor ceilingmounted applications such as parking garages. www.illuminationinfocus.com/news/4/2/15 Osram Sylvania publishes annual lighting socket survey The newly released 5th-annual Sylvania Socket Survey SALES MANAGER Diana Wei (TAIWAN) diana@arco.com.tw Tel: 886-2-2396-5128 ext:270 SALES MANAGER Young Baek (KOREA) ymedia@chol.com Tel: +82 2 2273 4818 CORPORATE OFFICERS CHAIRMAN Frank T. Lauinger PRESIDENT AND CEO Robert F. Biolchini CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER Mark C. Wilmoth TECHNOLOGY GROUP SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT Christine A. Shaw & PUBLISHING DIRECTOR SUBSCRIPTIONS: For subscription inquiries: Tel: +1 847 559-7330; Fax: +1 847 291-4816; e-mail: iif@omeda.com; illuminationinfocus.com/subscribe reveals an increased awareness of lightingcentric, energy-saving initiatives and a drop in the number of US residents with incandescent lighting in their homes. www.illuminationinfocus.com/news/4/2/9 We make portions of our subscriber list available to carefully screened companies that offer products and services that may be important for your work. If you do not want to receive those offers and/or information via direct mail, please let us know by contacting us at List Services IIF, 98 Spit Brook Road LL-1, Nashua, NH 03062. Copyright © 2013 PennWell Corp (ISSN 2156-633X). All rights reserved. Contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any form without prior written consent of Publishers. www.illuminationinfocus.com lightbeat RETROFIT LAMPS Cree and Philips drive LED lamp price toward $10 Cree delivers omni-directional 60W-equivalent lamp for $13 while Philips Lighting offers a $15 A-lamp in a snow-cone-style design. Cree also offers a 40W-equivalent product just under $10. Clearly 2013 will see solid-state lighting (SSL) replacements for 60W incandescents go below $10. The Cree LED bulb family comes to market with three product options – a 6W 450-lm 2700K lamp for $9.97, a 9W 800-lm 5000K lamp for $13.97, and a 9.5W 800-lm 2700K lamp for $12.97. The omni-directional designs all have a CRI of 80 and support dimming with legacy triac-based and other phase-cut dimmers. The Cree design looks very much like a traditional incandescent bulb, as you can see in the above photo. There is a heat sink located at the base of the lamps, although it’s white and not obtrusive in any way. The dome of the lamp is made of glass, which Cree says offers better light transmission than the plastic globes broadly used in LEDbased retrofit lamps. The glass is covered with a thin layer of silicone that presumably is present to protect the glass. Cree said that the lamp is undergoing the Energy Star certification process at this time, but it expects approval. Still, a spokesperson said, “We expect to be qualified, but we’re proud to offer the bulb at a price point that makes sense and pays for itself even without rebates.” 4 WINTER 2013 To meet Energy Star guidelines, an omni-directional lamp must uniformly radiate light. Based on a purely unscientific evaluation, the Cree lamp seems to spread the beam very well. The lamp has a noticeably darker spot at the top of the globe when lit. But if you place a reflective sheet above the lamp, the light appears extremely uniform. And in a lamp shade, the lamp also provides excellent light distribution down on a table surface. “The Cree LED light bulb was designed to offer consumers a no-compromise lighting experience at a compelling price,” said Chuck Swoboda, Cree chairman and CEO. “Over the last couple of years, we recognized that the consumer is instrumental in the adoption of LED lighting, but we needed to give them a reason to switch. We believe this breakthrough LED bulb will, for the first time, give consumers a reason to upgrade the billions of energy-wasting light bulbs.” Initially, the lamp will be available at Home Depot with wider distribution planned for later in the year. Cree said that if customers replace the five most-used light bulbs in their home with the new LED lamps, that on average they will save $61 per year on energy. That makes the payback on the lamps at just over a year. Philips, meanwhile, quietly brought its $15 lamp to market without any major publicity push. Late last year, the www.illuminationinfocus.com Illumination In Focus SPORTS LIGHTING company had introduced 60W-equivalent lamps that were white in the off-state yet were still shaped like the remote-phosphor-based lamps that have been among the market leaders (www.illumination infocus.com/news/3/12/1). Those products were priced at $25. The new Philips 10.5W A-lamp is priced at $14.97 and features a traditional round globe. The Philips lamp outputs 800 lm at a CCT of 3000K. The lamp looks largely like a traditional incandescent bulb, although what would be the lower half of the bulb is actually not transmissive, meaning the lamp only emits light in the upper hemisphere. However, there is no evident heat sink – just a smooth white surface on the lower half of the lamp. Philips Lighting CEO Ed Crawford said the goal of the new design was to make the product affordable without utility rebates. Philips cut the cost by not including dimming support. Crawford said only one in 10 installed light bulbs are connected to a dimmer. Crawford was also bold in discussing coming products from Philips. He said that the company has a $9.97 product coming this year and that the next product could be an evolution of the $15 product or a new architecture. Both the Cree and Philips lamps should offer consumers long installed life times. Cree rates their lamps for 25,000 hours and is backing the products with a 10-year warranty. Philips’ new lamp is rated for 20,000 hours, which the company says translates to more than 18 years in a typical usage scenario. ⊡ Illumination In Focus www.illuminationinfocus.com Precision-Paragon lights tennis facility with fluorescents Precision-Paragon (P2) has supplied new fluorescent lighting for a retrofit of the Wheaton Sport Center indoor tennis facility near Chicago, IL. Tenlamp T5HO (high output) high-bay fixtures replaced 1000W metal-halide (MH) fixtures, cutting energy use by about half and resulting in better visibility for the tennis players. Moreover, occupancy sensors control the lights to ensure that the lights are off when a court is not in use. P2 had to create a custom version of its HFX high-bay fluorescent fixture for use in the tennis center. The fixtures are essentially mounted upside down so that the lamps radiate in an indirect fashion onto the ceiling with uniform light reflected down to court level. P2 outside sales representative Randy before Breske said, “There is no one-size-fits-all solution.” Indeed, the tennis center had long struggled with uniform illumination on the courts, according to Peter Rimbos, a national account sales after representative for Facility Solutions Group – the distributor that supplied the fixtures. Breske added, “Addressing the lighting issues inherent to indoor tennis facilities requires a focused discipline in the creation of a custom-designed fixture.” The existing MH lamps were problematic. The lighting required frequent maintenance to replace lamps or service ballasts. The new lighting is rated for 40,000 hours with 5% lumen depreciation over that period, whereas the HK lighting was rated for 20,000 hours with 30% lumen depreciation. The project has resulted in noticeably better lighting, and was handled one court at a time, so the other courts were open. During the installation, Karla Butler, Wheaton Sport Center sales and marketing director, said that club members “all wanted to play on the courts with the new lighting.” The light levels were increased 32% on average. ⊡ More: www.illuminationinfocus.com/news/4/2/11 WINTER 2013 5 D OW N L I G H T S Osram Sylvania announces new LED products at SIL At the Strategies in Light (SIL) 2013 conference in Santa Clara, CA, Osram Sylvania announced a number of new LED-based lighting products including the Sylvania Ultra LED Lightdisk solid-state lighting (SSL) downlight and the PermaLED Low Profile LED Canopy luminaire. The Ultra LED Lightdisk is a downlight kit that can be installed in new construction or used in a retrofit scenario. The kit can fit in most 4-, 5-, and 6-in housings or can be surface-mounted to a junction box. Sylvania says that the product delivers as much as 87% energy savings while providing equivalent light output to 100W incandescent lamps. The 3000K CCT product features a CRI of 82 and outputs a 120° beam angle. The target market includes hospitality, healthcare, and retail applications, among others. The new PermaLED canopy luminaire delivers on the low-profile claim that’s implicit in the full product name. The 2.7-in-high design is easily mounted in entryways, stairwells, and parking garages. Sylvania said that the luminaires can effectively replace 175W HID lighting while delivering up to 74% energy savings. The offering includes 42W and 54W models that can be powered over the universal input voltage range of 120–277 VAC. Sylvania rates the products for 70,000 hours of life to 70% of initial lumen output (L70). The products are also backed by a five-year warranty and come with UL 1310, UL 48 Class 2, and ETL certifications. More: www.illuminationinfocus.com/news/4/2/1 SCALABLE FIXTURES Tempo releases new Creszendo sconces Tempo Industries has introduced the new Creszendo line of scalable LED-based wallmount luminaires. The luminaires are designed for aesthetics as well as functional, consistent lighting. Creszendo’s scalability allows lighting designers and specifiers to customize size and light output as required by the size, scale, and space of the application. The new Creszendo luminaires are wall sconces that can be specified in length ranging from 9 to 63 in, in 6-in increments. The electronic low-voltage (ELV) fixtures are dimmable down to 1%. The lumi- 6 WINTER 2013 naires provide light output from 147 lm for the 9-in model up to more than 2100 lm for the high-output 63-in fixture. Tempo offers the family with CCT of 2200K, 2700K, and 3500K. Tempo offers a choice of 80-mA or 150-mA drive currents for the luminaires with the latter being the high-output models. Typical efficacy is 34 lm/W. “The Creszendo was inspired by the expressed desire of our customers for an attractive and functional solution that could be readily scaled and configured to a variety of uses within a single property,” said Terrence Walsh, president of Tempo Industries. “Due to the requirement of smooth dimming to very low levels in many commercial sconce applications, current solutions are almost exclusively incandescent, which operate at very low efficiency and require frequent re-lamping.” More: www.illuminationinfocus.com/news/4/2/2 www.illuminationinfocus.com Illumination In Focus _______________________ Preview Keynote presentations on the New York Lowline project and on Vinod Khosla’s vision of the future of lighting will bookend the Lightfair International conference, and LED-based products will again dominate the exhibit floor. Cree Lighting will showcase its latest LED troffers, the AR Series, at LFI. The products spread light uniformly via a reflecting chamber and optics while providing more light through a separate center-line optic – delivering direct/indirect-like performance in a recessed fixture. 8 WINTER 2013 Lightfair presentations span the Lowline to a networked future The 2013 rendition of Lightfair International (LFI) is around the corner, scheduled for April 21–25 in Philadelphia, PA. The two keynote presentations will feature renowned tech-industry executive and venture capitalist Vinod Khosla discussing how lighting and controls fit into the cleantech revolution and lighting designer James Ramsey detailing the underground Lowline project created in New York. Five days of workshops, Lightfair Institute courses, and seminars will cover topics ranging from roadway lighting to controls to daylighting. The exhibit floor will host more than 500 companies ranging from startups to stalwarts, where LEDbased solidstate lighting (SSL) will be the predominant theme. Cooper Lighting will sponsor the Monday Ramsey keynote, where he will discuss the Imagining the Lowline (www.illuminationinfocus.com/ news/3/9/4) project that was hosted last _______ September in a New York City warehouse, but that was intended to illustrate the potential for lighting underground spaces for public use in urban areas. Ramsey was the co-founder and creator of the project, and he invented a skylight that can deliver natural light underground using a complex optical design. The team hopes to ultimately build a much larger area into a real subterranean public park. The Khosla keynote on Wednesday will take place in the expanded section of Lightfair to be held in Hall F on the 100 level of the Philadelphia Convention center. Hall F will host exhibits along with the LFI Spotlight Lounge where Khosla’s keynote will take place. At other times, the lounge will play host to exhibitor presentations and industry panel discussions. Khosla is a long-time technology-industry player who was a co-founder and the CEO of Sun Microsystems before becoming a successful venture capitalist that is now focused on the cleantech sector. He will discuss opportunities for innovations in lighting including the concept of every light source having an Internet Protocol (IP) address with operation based on the principles of artificial intelligence and machine learning. www.illuminationinfocus.com Illumination In Focus The other educational opportunities for LFI 2013 are based on a new track system that was designed to simplify the process for attendees planning their schedule. Tracks include Commissioning; Controls & Strategies; Daylighting; Design Tools; Electric Sources & Gear Technology; Energy, Environment & Sustainability; Exterior & Roadway Lighting; Human Factors In Lighting; and Integrated Design Process. The Daylighting Track is receiving special emphasis this year as more and more regulatory agencies require elements of daylighting in all business lighting installations. The technology both saves a tremendous amount of energy, and therefore money, and exposes workers to natural light that can increase productivity. The track will feature full-day Lightfair Institute Courses on “Daylighting Fundamentals” and an “Interactive Daylighting Charrette” on Sunday and Monday, respectively. On Monday afternoon, Illumination In Focus there is an Institute Workshop on “Daylight Performance Metrics” that will include presentation of data from actual installations. On Wednesday morning, there is a workshop on “Daylighting in High Performance Schools”. One-hour seminars are spread throughout the program, covering topics ranging from simulations of the impact of daylighting in different weather scenarios to the use of adaptive controls in a daylighting scenario. The Controls & Strategies Track is another one that will be both popular and timely given that adaptive controls are a necessity in commercial buildings today. Moreover, the combination of controls and efficient light sources such as LEDs compound energy savings. The highlight of the track is a twoday Institute Course entitled “Lighting Control Systems Hands-On Workshop” that will take place Sunday and Monday. There is an LED-specific seminar on Wednesday that www.illuminationinfocus.com Direct/indirect fixtures will be prominent at LFI because they can provide both uniform ambient light and light focused on a task plane. Products such as Cooper’s Corelite Jaylum pendant system will be exhibited in a choice of LED or fluorescent versions, and Cooper also offers the option of integral daylight and occupancy sensors. will look at maximizing energy savings in commercial building controls. Controls-centric topics won’t be limited to indoor applications. There is a seminar that will focus on controls for exterior building lighting. And a Thursday-morning Workshop will examine controls in roadway lighting. Indeed, outdoor lighting combined with sensing and dimming technology affords Acuity’s Gotham some of the greatest opportunities brand will launch for energy savings. the new Incito LED There are other special notewordownlight family thy events. The Lightfair Institute at LFI with a 4-in Networking Luncheon is schedaperture and light uled for 12:45 PM on Sunday, April output ranging from 500-2500 lm. 21. On Tuesday, the LFI Spotlight The new luminaires Lounge will host a day-long exhiwill also support bition of the LFI Innovation Award adaptive controls winners. There is an appreciabased on Acuity’s tion lunch slated for the lounge on Sensor Switch Thursday. ⊡ technology. WINTER 2013 9 High CRI Lighting Iconic Petty Garage installs 90-CRI LED lighting By Maury Wright Efficient LED-based lighting highlights color and detail of high-end hot rods in Richard Petty’s North Carolina garage. Greenleaf Energy Solutions faced the challenge of pleasing “The King,” NASCAR legend Richard Petty, in a relight project at the Petty Garage in Randleman, NC. The task at hand was finding new lighting that would make the car colors in the garage pop, eliminate shadows and glare, and minimize maintenance. Ultimately Greenleaf installed LED-based linear fixtures from Cree that met the aforementioned criteria plus gave a CRI of 90, delivered energy savings, and received an endorsement from Petty himself. While Richard Petty is still involved in racing, the Petty Garage is focused on high-end restorations of older vehicles and major enhancements of late-model vehicles, including upgrades of engine output to 600 or 800 horsepower. The main garage serves both as a showroom and customer-delivery area where Petty personally presents vehicles to 10 WINTER 2013 new owners and as the work area where precision interior, engine, and exterior work takes place. Kevin Siebrecht, president of Greenleaf, admitted some anxiety at the onset of the project, saying, “This is the Petty Garage.” Even small shadows can be a problem for mechanics working on precision engine parts or detailing a finish. Ultimately, Greenleaf installed more than 700 Cree fixtures in place of older fluorescent lighting, including CR24 recessed troffers in the main garage, suspended CS18 linear fixtures in areas such as a stock room, and LR24 recessed fixtures in office areas. All use Cree TrueWhite technology that among other things guarantees the 90 CRI. It’s the CR24 fixtures that face the toughest challenge. Siebrecht said the lights perform like indirect/direct fixtures despite the fact that they are recessed. The LEDs shine up into the fixture from a mounting spot along the linear centerline, and radiate in a uniform pattern that eliminates shadowing at car level. Petty was surprised at the results even as the project was partially complete saying, “Once we put half the building with these lights and half the building with the old lights, everything was cut and dry.” Petty said the new lights were far brighter and added, “Once you get through with a car it’s like a brand new shiny penny.” www.illuminationinfocus.com Illumination In Focus High-CRI LED lights make restorations and late-model modified vehicles sparkle. Maintenance and warranty issues were Siebrecht called the finished project also a major consideration for Petty. The “a museum-quality lighting solution” and older fluorescent lamps were both inferior indeed there is talk of using some of the in light quality and also required regular space as a museum. Siebrecht added, relamping—requiring workers to move “Our typical retrofit until the last 12 cars and bring in a lift for maintenance. months has been fluorescent or metal Siebrecht said that Cree’s 10-yr warhalide.” The company is now finding that ranty, and the fact that the products were LED-based solid-state lighting can match assembled in the US made the Petty orgaor exceed other sources in light quality nization comfortable with the lighting that and provide energy savings. was ultimately installed. And Petty doesn’t For Petty, Siebrecht said that a reducexpect to perform any maintenance on tion in energy cost was a good side benefit the lighting for a very long time. but not the primary goal. He added, “The Illumination In Focus www.illuminationinfocus.com reduction in environmental impact was more important to Petty than the dollars.” Still the savings are substantial. Greenleaf was able to reduce the number of fixtures in the 100-ft2 facility by 10% due to brighter LED sources. Combined, the fewer fixtures installed and more-efficient sources have reduced energy usage by more than 50%. Now Greenleaf is talking with Petty about installing Cree Edge and LEDway LED lighting on the exterior of the facility and in parking areas. ⊡ WINTER 2013 11 Markets At the Strategies in Light conference, Vrinda Bhandarkar reported the penetration of LEDs into lighting and projected total revenue above $20 billion in 2017. By Maury Wright 12 WINTER 2013 Strategies Unlimited projects 12% CAGR for LED lighting through 2017 LED-based solid-state lighting (SSL) grew significantly from 2011 to 2012, according to a Strategies in Light presentation, despite the fact that the period in question was a down one for the lighting market overall. Vrinda Bhandarkar (Fig. 1), director of research for LED lighting at Strategies Unlimited, said LED lighting revenue hit $14.5B (billion) total in 2012 and is projected on a 12% compound annual growth rate (CAGR) path through 2017. Bhandarkar segments the LED lighting market into three major categories – retrofit lamps, luminaires, and “other”. The 2012 research marks the first time that Strategies Unlimited has reported on the catchall other category that includes everything from toy lighting to specialty tubes sold into refrigerated cases and signage. Ironically, the retrofit-lamp segment often gets the most attention, but is far smaller than luminaires. Still, it was a market with tremendous growth last www.illuminationinfocus.com Illumination In Focus Revenue (US$ B) year. Total revenue grew 22% from $2.12B to $2.58B. Japan Replacement lamps 25 drove much of the market growth because of an energy criSafety & security sis resulting from the tsunami in 2011 that created a demand Consumer portable surge for energy-efficient lighting. The $1.14B Japanese mar20 Residential ket for LED lamps was more than double any other region, and the US market totaled $371 million in 2012. ReplaceOff-Grid ment lamps are on a 9% CAGR path through 2017, and just 15 Outdoor before or about that time, the market will saturate because of Industrial the long life of LED lamps. 10 Commercial The luminaire market looks quite different, with Europe, North America, and China all in the $2.4B to $2.9B range, and Retail display the rest of the world accounting for $3.6 B. Total luminaire 5 Entertainment revenue grew from $9.4B in 2011 to $11.8B in 2012. Architectural In 2012, the greatest growth came in Source: Strategies Unlimited 0 the commercial luminaire segment at 72%. ’11 ’12 ’13 ’14 ’15 ’16 ’17 Fig. 1. That is a bit surprising given that the most Bhandarkar Fig. 2. LED-based lighting projections broken down prominent LED lighting projects over the presents at by application segment. past few years have been in the outdoor segSIL. ment, primarily in street lights. Red/green Despite the broad publicity in the street light segexit signs Point of ment, penetration is still clearly at a very low level inflection because the outdoor segment grew only 14%. 100 The new other category totaled $2.75B in 2012, 75 with no 2011 results for comparison. Moreover, Market Bhandarkar said that a miscellaneous segment 50 share Residential (%) comprises the biggest portion of the other catereplacement lamps outside Japan gory at $1B. Adding the other category to lamps 25 and luminaires brings the total to the aforemen0 tioned $14.5B. Innovators Early Early Late Laggards 2.5% adopters majority majority 16% Fig. 2 shows a breakdown of LED lighting 13.5% 34% 34% by segment including the actual 2011 and 2012 Fig. 3. Different LED lighting products are in far different spots data and projections out through 2017. You see along the adoption cycle. segments such as consumer portable, i.e. flashlights, staying relatively constant, meaning that the segment is saturated. adopters outside of Japan. Other segments fall at various Indeed, Bhandarkar discussed the level of penetration and spots along the curve. the inevitable question as to whether LED-based lighting has Also realize when you consider the data presented here, hit a critical inflection point where more than 50% of the that the revenue numbers are far different from the number of products manufactured and sold. Prices are dropping rapsegment utilizes LEDs (Fig. 3). But as Bhandarkar pointed idly. Thus, as we progress toward 2017, the revenue rise will out, the market is extremely fragmented. You have products be rather gentle, but the rise in volume of LED-based products such as emergency and exit signs that are 100% based on will be far steeper. ⊡ LEDs. But retrofit lamps are still just being bought by early Illumination In Focus www.illuminationinfocus.com WINTER 2013 13 Awards Outdoor NGL competition highlights 53 LED luminaires The DOE, IESNA, and IALD used the Strategies in Light conference as a stage to announce the first outdoor winners in the Next Generation Luminaires program since 2010. Best in class fraqtir Outdoor Style S170 by The Lighting Quotient The fraqtir S170 luminaire consists of an extruded aluminum housing, tempered glass lens, and stainless steel hardware. The optics inside use principles of refraction and total internal reflection to produce an asymmetric beam used for Julie MacShane illuminating surfaces uniformly from On Feb. 14 at the 2013 Strategies in Light conference, the US Department of Energy (DOE) announced the winners in the 2012 Outdoor Next Generation Luminaires (NGL) competition for solid-state lighting (SSL) products. The competition recognized 37 commercial LED lighting products for excellence, including four Best in Class winners, which earned the distinction for clearly exhibiting superior performance overall and standing out in their respective categories. Three entries were also chosen for special consideration because of the interesting form factors used in their design. The innovative, energy-efficient products that were selected demonstrated high lighting quality and consistency, glare control, serviceability, and value as determined by the 2012 judging panel. The DOE, the Illumination Engineering Society of North America (IESNA), and the International Association of Lighting Designers (IALD) jointly manage the NGL competition, which promotes excellence in energy-efficient LED commercial lighting. In 2012, the NGL competition was split into separate indoor and outdoor competitions with separate judging panels. The judges of the outdoor competition assessed color quality, appropriate illuminance, light distribution, glare control, aesthetic appearance and style, serviceability, value, and energy efficiency. The 2012 outdoor competition judging took place on November 4-6 at the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, where 120 entries were installed and judged in realistic roadway, parking-area, parking-garage, and exterior landscape and façade scenarios. Here we feature the Best in Class luminaires, some of the Recognized products and three products Of Note. Full details and all of the winners can be found at: http://www.ngldc.org/12/outdoor/winners.stm. 14 WINTER 2013 one edge and minimizing glare. It is an IP66-rated luminaire with integral driver and precision optics. Light output is 751 lm at 18.1W (41.5 lm/W) with a CCT of 3108K and a CRI of 86. www.illuminationinfocus.com Illumination In Focus Evolve LED scalable cobrahead by GE Lighting The Evolve LED scalable cobrahead roadway luminaire uses reflective technology and an advanced optical design to offer diverse photometric combinations. Its Evolve light engine optimizes efficiency and minimizes glare. The cobrahead incorporates a robust heat sink directly in the fixture. Options include reverse light engines for desired light behind the pole. Light output is 6289.4 lm at 80.3W (78.3 lm/W) with a CCT of 3900K and a CRI of 72. Oxford by Relume Technologies The Oxford decorative acorn luminaire is suitable for main streets, municipalities, and parking lots. It provides uniform lighting while eliminating the LEDs’ points of light and has an adjustable uplight feature. The OXFORD ring and fitter are made as an aluminum die cast and powder coated with a high-performance polyester resin for a rugged finish. Light output is 2830.5 lm at 58W (48.78 lm/W) with a CCT of 4526K and a CRI of 75. TV and Dial LED by Edge Lighting The TV LED wall sconce and the Dial luminaire both use warmwhite LEDs. The TV has a satin aluminum or white base and a clear UV stable diffuser. The Dial model can be used as a wall uplight or downlight. Both fixtures are IP65 rated for outdoor and indoor use and come with optional dimming. The TV model has an output of 329 lm at 8W (41.4 lm/W) with a CCT of 2972K and a CRI of 85. Illumination In Focus www.illuminationinfocus.com WINTER 2013 15 Recognized Navion LED roadway luminaires by Cooper Lighting The Navion LED roadway luminaire family has heavy-duty cast aluminum housings with a 3G vibration rating and IP66 rating. Tool-less entry and a hinged removable power tray door allow for easy maintenance. The Navion has five lumen packages and multiple optical distributions. Light output is 7423 lm at 103W (72 lm/W) with a CCT of 3891K and a CRI of 65. Evolve LED contemporary conical post top by GE Lighting The Evolve LED conical post top offers a structured LED array for roadway, walkway, and campus light distribution along with a modern, European look. The light engine consists of nested concentric directional reflectors designed to aim high-angle light directly below the fixture to minimize shadows there. Light output is 4308.6 lm at 90.4W (47.6 lm/W) with a CCT of 3925K and a CRI of 66. Eon 303-B1 bollard by Lumiere The Eon 303-B1 LED bollard Lumencove XT by Lumenpulse is compact and low profile and The Lumencove XT slender LED luminaire provides full cut-off downlight via comes in 1- to 4-foot sections for easy linear a fixed head at a 2- or 3-ft height. and radial layouts for exterior cove lighting It comes with a universal input and tight spaces. Diverse outputs, colors, LED driver (120 to 277V, 50/60 color temperatures, mounting possibilities, Hz). Dimming is achieved with a and finishes are available. A dual-chamber standard ELV, reverse phase driver. design allows components and drivers Light output is 1209 lm at 15.5W to be replaced. The judges liked its light (78 lm/W) with a CCT of 4000K distribution and color. Light output is 1819 and a CRI of 85. lm at 26.2W (69.5 lm/W) with a CCT of 3870K and a CRI of 84. Arieta by Leotek Electronics USA Corp. The Arieta is an LED area luminaire with a low profile and soft corners that is designed to replace traditional HID shoebox-style products. Micro-lens systems produce IES Type 2, 3, 4, or 5 distributions. The optical system provides a sharp cutoff of high-angle brightness and produces no lumens above 90°. Light output is 23,056 lm at 246W (93.7 lm/W) with a CCT of 4000K and a CRI of 76. 16 WINTER 2013 www.illuminationinfocus.com Illumination In Focus Cree THE EDGE LED area light by Cree Inc. With >20 optical distribution choices, Cree’s THE EDGE high-output LED area light reduces wasted light. Its thermal management improves color quality and performance at the source. The luminaire offers a full color spectrum that provides more realistic and distinctive color renderings that can enhance safety and contribute to a more consistent visual experience. Light output is 20,450 lm at 279W (73.3 lm/W) with a CCT of 4000K eW Graze MX Powercore by Philips Color Kinetics and a CRI of 70. eW Graze MX Powercore linear LED lighting fixtures are suitable for surface grazing and wall-washing applications and are available in eight color temperatures, ranging from warm to cool. The fixture offers a low-profile housing, connectorized cabling, and direct line-voltage operation. Custom lengths, beam angles, and power consumption levels produce many possible configurations and light distribution patterns. Light output is 3316 lm at 60W (55.2 lm/W) with a CCT of 4000K and a CRI of 82. Lumenbeam Small and LBX by Lumenpulse The Lumenbeam Small is a compact 14W luminaire for lighting landscapes, trees, columns, monuments, and architectural details. The LBX is a 140W LED luminaire for lighting multi-story facades and tall structures and is noted for its slim form factor. Both luminaires can be configured for flood or accent lighting. Dimming control via DMX, DALI, or 0-10 V is also available. For the LBX model, Light output is 7982 lm at 134W (59.6 lm/W) with a CCT of 3863K and a CRI of 78. Illumination In Focus www.illuminationinfocus.com WINTER 2013 17 Recognized cont. LGOOSE by RAB Lighting Inc. This family of LED goosenecks, appropriate for “Main Street” decorative lighting, is customizable with different shades and arms. The light can be aimed with an adjustable 45 degree swivel joint. The luminaire has a glarereducing frosted glass lens and a chip- and fade-resistant polyester powder coat finish. The housing is precision die-cast aluminum. Light output is 643 lm at 15W (42.9 lm/W) with a CCT of 4000K and a CRI of 87. LytePro 16 by Stonco Lighting, a Philips Company The LytePro 16 provides safety and security in residential and light commercial areas such as entrances and along perimeters and pathways. The Philips LEDGINE technology LED engine, containing 16 high-performance LEDs with an average rated life of 60,000 hours, has individual optics for high uniformity and efficacy. Light output is 2507 lm at 36.5W (68.7 lm/W) with a CCT of 4135K and a CRI of 68. D-Series Floodlight: Size 1 and 3 by Lithonia Lighting The D-Series Floodlights use precision-molded acrylic lenses engineered for area lighting distribution, uniformity, and pole spacing. Light engines are available in 3000K, 4000K, or 5000K configurations. Both are sleek, but the Size 1 is best for landscape, signage, and accent lighting, while the Size 3 flood can be used for wallwash, security, and general area lighting. For the Size 1 model, light output is 3330 lm at 39.9W (83.5 lm/W) with a CCT of 3945K and a CRI of 74. 18 WINTER 2013 www.illuminationinfocus.com Illumination In Focus Noted Cylinder by G Lighting The LED Cylinder sconce provides various reflectors, lengths, and finishes to serve diverse environments. The light source is field replaceable, and the design maximizes thermal resources for long life and energy savings. The judges appreciated its color quality and versatility, with interchangeable lens options, including flat clear and Fresnel. Light output is 1020 lm at 22.2W (45.9 lm/W) with a CCT of 2975K and a CRI of 83. Sole City by Philips The SoleCity LED street and area luminaire is appropriate for residential areas or city streets requiring medium intensity lighting. Made of high-grade aluminum, the bracket and luminaire create a smooth design line. The LEDGINE optical system is composed of high performance acrylic refractors lenses to achieve desired distribution, maximum spacing, target lumen, and lighting uniformity. Light output is 11,776 lm at 130W (90.6 lm/W) with a CCT of 4000K and a CRI of 75. Aeroblades streetlights by Cree The Aeroblades LED area light is suitable for both roadway and pedestrian lighting. The luminaire can be fine-tuned with NanoOptic technology optical control and can have a customizable number of blades. The streetlight provides a contemporary feel, enhances safety with bright, clean illumination, and reduces spillover to homes and businesses. Light output is 7392 lm at 94W (78.6 lm/W) with a CCT PLED by RAB Lighting Inc. of 4000K and a CRI of 70. The PLED2X26 is a 52W pendantmounted LED downlight that comes with 6, 12, and 18-inch mounting stems that can be used for a variety of mounting heights. The judges liked the design as an alternative to the typical rectangular or circular parking garage luminaire. The PLED can be used in both indoor and outdoor applications. Light output is 3652 lm at 59W (61.9 lm/W) with a CCT of 5100K and a CRI of 69. Halo streetscape by Eleek The Halo pedestrian outdoor LED luminaire offers a circular, downlight design and shines with lights pointed outward at 5 degrees from vertical. The luminaire, with a 100% recycled head, can range in height from 12 to 16 feet and in a top diameter from 3 to almost 6 feet. The judges said the luminaire design of the Halo “incorporated particularly innovative form factors”. Light output is 4800 lm at 75.5W (63.5 lm/W) with a CCT of 3000K and a CRI of 80. Illumination In Focus www.illuminationinfocus.com WINTER 2013 19 Phosphors Remote phosphor brings higher efficacy to area lighting Remote phosphor technology can reduce the number of LEDs needed in area lighting products while improving efficacy and light quality, and lowering system costs, meaning lighting designers and specifiers can more easily justify recommending SSL products. 20 WINTER 2013 By Stuart Woodrow, sales engineer, Intematix For many years, area lighting has been migrating to LED-based solid-state lighting (SSL) technology due to energy savings and reduced maintenance. The new technology ofFig. 1. Horner’s from state and local fers a greater than 20% reducC-80 high bay municipalities. These tion in energy consumption over uses Intematix luminaires typically linear fluorescent systems and a remote phosphor to improve efficacy use from 50 to 200 more than 50% reduction over traand lower system high power LEDs and ditional high intensity discharge costs. project an average of systems, making the total cost of 15,000 to 40,000 lm ownership (TCO) very attractive onto factory floors, warehouses, parking to factory owners and local municipalities. Area lighting is now adopting a new garages, and outdoor roadways. The TCO of these luminaires, including fixture and differentiating technology using recosts as well as operating mote phosphors, which improve system and maintenance costs, efficacy and lighting quality while simis the key advantage and plifying the supply chain and lowering systems costs. These benefits all contrib- selling point in this industry. Other features ute to the lower TCO of the luminaires. required are low glare, maxiArea lighting, a general group encommum efficacy and lumen output, passing canopy, high- and low-bay-, and and a high quality of light. In terms outdoor parking lighting, is seeing the of quality of light, typical applications fastest rate of SSL system adoption due require tight spectral control delivering to the energy rebate incentives available www.illuminationinfocus.com Illumination In Focus color consistency within 3 MacAdam ellipses or SDCM (standard deviation of color mixing), superior color over angle, and high CRIs. Remote phosphor benefits Direct phosphor-converted LEDs have the phosphor material in direct contact with the LED chip, which results in package-related photon losses due to scattering and reabsorption. The phosphor heats up during the blue-towhite conversion process, adding additional heat load to the LED and raising the overall temperature of the subsystem. This decreases reliability, increases color shift over time, and reduces lifetime to L70 (the point at which the luminaire produces only 70% of its initial lumen putput). Alternatively, remote phosphor removes the heat away from the blue LED, resulting in a balanced and more uniform thermal distribution at the system level. The thermal advantage, combined with the reduced scattering and reFig. 2. The Horner absorption A-200 street light into the LED was a recognized chip, results winner in the 2012 in a 15 to 20% Next Generation Luminaires competition. Illumination In Focus performance improvement at the system level. White LEDs often use diffusers to homogenize the white light emission. Remote phosphor is a diffuse Lambertian source, which eliminates the need for a diffuser at the system level. This amounts to another 10% gain in optical efficiency, for an overall 30% gain in system efficacy. Many companies are rapidly developing high-efficacy systems around remote phosphor, but Horner ETG, a division of Horner APG (Indianapolis, IN), seems to be in the lead with an entire product line based upon the technology. Horner has benefited from close to 30% efficacy gains over traditional white LEDs and has realized significant cost savings due to the reduced number of required LEDs and materials for the heat sink. Clay Warren, sales representative at Horner ETG contends, “The total cost of ownership of our systems, enabled by Intematix remote phosphor, has allowed us to win some significant contracts over some of the most established players in this market.” Horner has also been able to simplify its supply chain by using only two bins of royal blue LEDs and not having to carefully select from the wide range of white LEDs on the market. Horner now offers the C-80 (formerly called Surpass) high-bay products (Fig. 1) from 10,00040,000 lm for indoor warehouse applications as well as outdoor parking facilities at an attractive price point. Horner also offers the A-200 street light (Fig. 2), among other products based on remote phosphor, and the A-200 was announced by the US Department of Energy as a recognized winner in the 2012 www.illuminationinfocus.com Next Generation Luminaires competition. See pg 14 for more information on that competition. Horner chose to use the ChromaLit XT glass remote phosphor solution from Intematix (Fremont, CA). Intematix is a supplier of phosphors to the major LED manufacturers worldwide and has been a leading supplier of remote phosphor solutions for the past three years. The ChromaLit family includes optics made of a variety of materials and in flat and 3-D shapes, all coated with phosphor. Remote phosphors in high-bay and area lighting can deliver a better quality of light, selectable CCTs and CRIs, a simplified supply chain, a boost in efficacy (lm/W), improved color over angle, and lower overall system costs. Royal blue LEDs trump white Remote phosphors provide a quality white light output when used in conjunction with royal blue LEDs at an average dominant wavelength input of 455 nm. The phosphors deposited on the glass or polycarbonate substrate become the light source with the LED providing the energy. This high quality diffuse light source is low glare and does not provide the hot spots associated with white LEDs in many luminaires. Suppliers of remote phosphor technology can also guarantee very tight control over the output and specify 3 SDCM distributions across panels, resulting in superior luminaireto-luminaire consistency. The key to efficacy improvement with remote phosphor is the LED system’s ability to recycle the blue photons that would inevitably be lost in a white LED system where the phosphor is deposited WINTER 2013 21 directly onto the LED. As shown in Fig. 3, the mixing chamber design is critical to the performance increase as it allows the reflected photons to be recycled and ultimately extracted through the remote phosphor. This system also allows the LEDs to run cooler because the heat transfer associated with the blueto-white conversion is removed from the source. Luminaire designers are able to save system costs by taking advantage of the higher efficacy achieved in remote phosphor systems. They can eliminate LEDs and drive their LEDs harder or, alternatively, they can use smaller heat sinks and save money on material costs. Remote phosphor systems can be selected to meet CRIs required from the 70s up to the high 90s based upon the application. This, combined with a simple CCT bin system, greatly simplifies both the design process and the manufacturing supply chain. A common royal blue LED fixture design can enable many SKUs (stock keeping units) or models of luminaires just by changing out the remote phosphor plate prior to shipping. Most of the major LED manufacturers are now providing royal blue offerings in their portfolio, including Philips Lumileds, Cree, and Osram Opto Semiconductors. Lower cost Asian suppliers, such as Lumenmax, Lumens, and Refond are also entering this market. Royal blue LEDs are now offered at a discount to typical white LEDs as their volumes are increasing and fewer steps are required in the manufacturing process. Overall, the total system costs associated with remote phosphor are less than those using traditional white LEDs. In a recent test case, Intematix witnessed a high-bay design requiring 7000 lm in which engineers swapped out white Lumileds Rebel ES LEDs and replaced them with royal blue Rebel ES LEDs. The 22 WINTER 2013 engineers also improved the reflective properties of the mixing chamber using white optical reflective materials. The results were an astounding decrease in number of LEDs from 60 to 28 that were required to hit the target output, an increase in efficacy from 85 to 96 lm/W, and a decrease in system cost from $74 to $58. who used the Trucolor HS at the Wimbledon tennis tournament last summer, commented on the Trucolor HS fixture: “One of the challenges with LED fixtures has always been intensity and color. This fixture is actually significantly brighter than the tungsten fixture it replaces, and both the color temperature and color rendering index are excellent.” Maximizes white light extraction Dissipates heat · Reduces chip and heat sink temperature · Increases efficacy Remote phosphor Reflective mixing chamber Transparent encapsulation Recycles phosphor converted light directed to interior LED chip Maximum blue light extraction Fig. 3. A typical remote phosphor system includes royal blue LEDs, a mixing chamber, and remote phosphor panel, improving light extraction and reducing heat in SSL designs. Success stories Remote-phosphor technology is also emerging in other applications requiring high lumen output. For example, Production Resource Group (PRG) is using the technology in its products built for broadcast-studio and cinematic lighting. PRG announced the Trucolor HS product a year ago, and it was used in broadcast studios at the 2012 Olympic Games in London. The 400W remote-phosphor design delivers 20,000 lm — two times the light output of a traditional 2000W tungsten incandescent bulb. Intematix developed custom remote phosphor CCTs for the film and broadcast industry and was also able to produce CRIs in the high 90s to meet the needs of PRG. Steve Brill, president of the Lighting Design Group in New York While we have focused on some specific high-output applications in this article, remote phosphor is being used in all areas of general illumination including retrofit lamps, downlights, and undercabinet and decorative fixtures. But the technology really showcases its value in area lighting, where it can significantly reduce the number of LEDs required in the system. Lighting designers are quickly finding the most effective way to achieve higher efficacy and lower system costs is to utilize the benefits provided by remote phosphor. Area lighting and systems with high lumen requirements achieve optimal results, but the value proposition is applicable from 1000–4000 lm downlights up to high bay and canopy luminaires requiring 40,000 lm and above. ⊡ www.illuminationinfocus.com Illumination In Focus Exhibition & Conference: August 14-15, 2013 Pre-Conference Workshops: August 13, 2013 RIO ALL SUITES HOTEL & CASINO www.theledshow.com Why you should exhibit 91% of the exhibitors said the quantity and quality of attendee traffic met or exceeded their expectations. 94% of the exhibitors said the cost value of exhibiting met or exceeded their expectations. 93% of the exhibitors rated their overall success and satisfaction with this event as having met or exceeded their expectations. Book your booth today! Book your booth today - Contact: USA West Coast & Asia Tim Carli T: +1-650-946-3163 tcarli@pennwell.com USA East Coast Sabrina Straub T: +1-603-891-9213 sabrinas@pennwell.com Europe Sales Virginia Willis T: +44-1992-656-663 E: virginiaw@pennwell.com Visit www.theledshow.com for up-to-date information on the conference, exhibitors, and other event activities. Owned and Produced by: Supported by: Events: Strategies Unlimited ™ MARKET INTELLIGENCE Cognitive lighting The next wave of cognitive lighting systems will use the abundance of data available from distributed light sensors and autonomously adjust to save energy and enhance lighting quality. By Sajol Ghoshal, director of the Sensor Driven Lighting business, ams Intelligent sensors enable environmentally aware and responsive lighting rebates and incentive programs for highefficiency retrofits and new installations. Cutting energy use can take a bite out of a building’s maintenance and upkeep budget, which makes up approximately 80% percent of the overall lifetime cost of the average building, according to some estimates. But how do building owners and facility managers change their current lighting systems? Is there a way to make the light so intelligent that, in essence, it becomes similar to the human eye and adjusts according to the many light sources – and people – in a room? This is where cognitive lighting comes into play. It’s a unique approach that focuses on the light, not on the power supply. The coming wave of Environmental sustainability has become an increasingly important consideration in building design, construction, and maintenance in recent years. According to the US Department of Energy, worldwide energy consumption will increase approximately 40% by 2035. Lighting is a major consumer of energy, but cognitive lighting combining intelligence, sensors, and energy-efficient sources can actually reduce the amount of energy spent on lighting. The looming energy crisis has garnered the attention of governments around the world, who are increasingly implementing mandates to ensure the reduction of energy consumption and related greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, utility companies in the US offer Daylight Energy savings Target light level LED lighting level 12AM 24 WINTER 2013 8AM 12PM 6PM 12AM www.illuminationinfocus.com Fig. 1. Daylight harvesting saves energy while maintaining a target interior lighting level to avoid keeping lights on at full power. Illumination In Focus cognitive lighting will demand independent smart sensors that are environmentally aware in order to provide not simply data on the surrounding environment, but answers on how best to respond, both to save energy and enhance lighting quality. Cognitive lighting Just what do we mean by cognitive lighting? Lighting fixtures and systems available today are relatively un-intelligent and require user input to adjust light lev- enabling a new generation of lighting controls that may be built directly into replacement lamps and luminaires to shift more of the interior lighting burden onto the available daylight. In a facility with skylights, windows, or sidelights, the available daylight varies according to time of day and weather conditions, for example (Fig. 1). Areas that get light from those sources don’t necessarily need much artificial light – at least not during the day – but areas farther from those sources do. The problem Normalized spectral response of human eye and silicon Normalized response (%) 100 80 Silicon 60 Photopic V (λ) 40 20 0 300 400 500 600 700 800 Wavelength (nm) 900 1000 1100 Fig. 2. Photopic response, mimicking the spectral response of human vision, senses a narrower range of wavelengths than a silicon photodiode. els to specific requirements. Unfortunately, this means keeping the lights on most of the time and at the lights’ highest intensity – irrespective if this is needed. However, sensor-driven lighting that is easy-to-use is key to adopting more optimized and energy efficient lighting. Ambient light sensors combining photopic, human-like sensitivity with wide dynamic range are Illumination In Focus is in a large site with thousands of square meters of space. In this case, managing each fixture’s light output to compensate for the changing amounts of ambient light during the day is an enormous challenge and impossible to do manually. Some facility managers take advantage of daylight by using external daylight harvesting sensors that attach to groups of lights. These after-market www.illuminationinfocus.com offerings can provide incremental energy reductions, but still leave substantial savings on the table and have a number of performance issues that result in over- or under-lit areas and jarring jumps or drops in light levels. The integrated sensor A sensor built into the luminaire that automatically responds to its environment – whether it’s concerning occupancy, available daylight, time of day, or other variables – and delivers just the right amount of light when and where it is needed is the perfect solution for reducing energy consumption and costs. Moreover, new silicon sensors from companies such as ams closely mimic the eye response (Fig. 2). Rather than applying controls as an afterthought, this built-in approach maximizes energy efficiency. With simple-to-use remote control systems to change the target light levels, the facility manager doesn’t need to get up on a lift and adjust dipswitches on sensors controlling 100+ fixtures. The manager also doesn’t need to turn them off in an unused part of the facility, dim them 10 percent in another room, and do nothing in an area that should not be touched. By supplementing the working space with only the amount of light needed to maintain a uniformly lit environment, tremendous energy savings can be realized when compared to existing installations that do not respond to changes in ambient light. Putting light where the eye is and providing local control means that more light isn’t always needed or wanted. WINTER 2013 25 Smarter lighting controls can save more than 50% on energy, while providing adequate lighting (Fig. 3). Starting with the light The key to developing new user friendly lighting systems is to design them from the standpoint of light and not the power supply – from where most of today’s lighting is driven. System-on-chip light sensor solutions provide a complete light sensing subsystem, including conversion of analog readings to digital data that can be transmitted over common microprocessor interfaces. This includes correction for any errors caused by light flicker, on an integrated circuit as small as 2-mm square, and is not cost prohibitive. Additionally, sophisticated filtering automatically rejects the 50-60 Hz ripple typically produced by a building’s fluorescent lighting systems, enabling the sensed light levels to more accurately measure the daylight that is entering the building. Being fully aware of the lit environment has benefits that extend beyond energy savings. In integrated building ZigBee management and control systems, the combination of proximity/motion and light sensing provides an abundance of data concerning the interior environment. Additionally, daylight sensing/harvesting combined with precise control mechanisms enable the lighting system to deliver not just the needed amount of light, but also offers the ability to tune the type of light to suit the activity and users in a particular space. Intelligent lighting market drivers A recent report by Pike Research, “Intelligent Lighting Controls for Commercial Buildings,” outlines market drivers for lighting controls, which are primarily through government energy reduction mandates: t *O UIF 64UIF NBSLFU GPS MJHIUJOH DPOtrols in construction projects will be driven by a new federal requirement that all states adopt building codes that are at least as stringent as the most recent American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) building code (90.1-2010) by October 2013. ZigBee ZigBee Daylighting sensor Daylighting sensor 20% 30% Daylighting sensor 40% Window Daylight ZigBee ZigBee 70 FC Daylighting sensor 70 FC Daylighting sensor 20 FC Fig. 3. Sensor-driven lighting adjustments maintain constant illumination (70 foot candles on desks), while reducing output based on available daylight. 26 WINTER 2013 That code requires automatic shutoff and dimming in many space applications and will encourage numerous construction projects to go further and connect lighting systems to building management systems. t &VSPQFBOFOFSHZ UBSHFUT XJMM drive adoption of lighting controls BNPOH &6 NFNCFS TUBUFT"MM OFX public buildings must have net-zero energy consumption by 2019 and private buildings must follow suit two years later. Intelligent lighting controls will be a must to meet this strict target. t $IJOBTth Five-Year Plan (20112015) sets strong targets for energy efficiency projects, including the city-wide control of street lighting that is already ramping up. A similar expansion to building lighting control is expected. Non-visual effects of light We should also consider the non-visual effects of light on humans when discussing cognitive lighting. Most commercial buildings are illuminated by fluorescent fixtures that provide artificial lighting with a spectrum incompatible with natural light. New research in the area of color science and health shows that human health, well being, and productivity can be improved through the use of natural lighting. The research also conclude that people who spend more time in natural light rather than in artificial light have increased productivity and alertness. There is evidence that there are two separate functional pathways that carry information about light to the brain. The non-visual pathway leads to the hypothalamus, the coordinator of many functions, including the release of many hormones. Melatonin is among the best known of these; it is the chemical signal that regulates circadian rhythms and keeps them in synch with www.illuminationinfocus.com Illumination In Focus New Market Reviews and Forecasts Available Now! NEW! Order today Strategies Unlimited has been researching the LED market since 1994. Find out more about our complete market reports on the overall LED market, LEDs for lighting, and LED lighting fixtures and more! Market analysis and forecast reports include: 𰁴𰀁𰀸𰁐𰁓𰁍𰁅𰁘𰁊𰁅𰁆𰀁𰀮𰁂𰁓𰁌𰁆𰁕𰀁𰁇𰁐𰁓𰀁𰀭𰁂𰁔𰁆𰁓𰁔 𰁴𰀁𰀱𰁉𰁐𰁕𰁐𰁗𰁐𰁍𰁕𰁂𰁊𰁄𰁔 𰁴𰀁𰀭𰀦𰀥𰀁𰀥𰁐𰁘𰁏𰁍𰁊𰁈𰁉𰁕𰁔 𰁴𰀁𰀭𰀦𰀥𰀁𰀭𰁖𰁎𰁊𰁏𰁂𰁊𰁓𰁆𰁔 𰁴𰀁𰀸𰁐𰁓𰁍𰁅𰁘𰁊𰁅𰁆𰀁𰀮𰁂𰁓𰁌𰁆𰁕𰀁𰁇𰁐𰁓𰀁𰀭𰀦𰀥𰁔 ...and more! For more information contact Tim Carli at: +1 (650) 946 3163, or email Tim at: tcarli@strategies-u.com www.strategies-u.com Strategies Unlimited ™ MARKET INTELLIGENCE LEDs & Lighting Media Group Strategies Unlimited ™ MARKET INTELLIGENCE ALS sensor Wired connection 70% Light Light Wireless connection 30% 60% Daylight A ALS sensor ALS sensor 40% B Fig. 4. Ambient light sensors form the basis of a lighting control system using both wired and wireless communications. environmental light. Melatonin is secreted in darkness and suppressed by bright light. Light serves to synchronize the human body bio-chemical clock. For instance, we have found that blue light (465-nm wavelength) can reduce the melatonin in our blood stream, making us more alert – this is what sunlight produces from morning until afternoon. However, as evening progresses, the intensity of the blue light in sunlight reduces with the increase in reds and purples, thus enabling the increase in melatonin that enables sleep and body repair. The effect of light on melatonin, alertness, and cognitive performance is blue-shifted — a lamp with 6500K (cold light) induces greater melatonin suppression and an enhanced alerting effect than a lamp with 2500K (warm light). Light directly influences the amount of melatonin a person’s brain produces, which indirectly affects alertness. With lower melatonin, it’s not just sleep that is affected; almost our entire metabolism, including immune responses, is regulated in this way, and there is the 28 WINTER 2013 potential for more serious health effects. Today’s office lighting is constant with a high blue-shifted content, keeping workers awake and alert, but impacting the sleep cycle for those who work late or focus on computer screens at home in the evening (computer screens and flat-panel TVs also deliver a high blue content). LED lighting with tunable white light enables us to have healthy, natural light that can provide the required alertness with increased productivity in the daytime, while adapting the circadian rhythm to maintain healthy melatonin levels in the evening for better health and performance. Autonomous light controls Although previous smart lighting controls were always centralized, today’s technology enables lights that think for themselves. With ambient light sensors built into each lighting instrument, on-the-spot decisions are made regarding how much ambient light is present. With low-cost and low-power wireless networking (such as ZigBee), or wired networks, group intelligence — semi-autonomous controls aware of what the other is doing and able to selforganize the most efficient lighting plan for each moment — and centralized control systems can be readily implemented (Fig. 4). What is critical is a sensor system that connects to today’s existing building management structure like Bacnet, KNX, and LONworks, for example. Environmentally-aware, decisiondirected, multi-sensor networks and optimized light will enhance not only the productivity of the built space, but also worker and group productivity, as well as increasing the health and wellbeing of individuals. A smart-sensor driven lighting system that is aware of the immediate environment and broader operating concerns and is able to intelligently adapt to user and facility requirements with autonomous local- or centralized-control is critical to meet worldwide government mandates to reduce energy consumption and lessen greenhouse gas emissions. This next wave of cognitive lighting systems will finally make use of the abundance of data available in the light and autonomously adjust the built environment to enhance comfort, productivity, safety and efficiency at the same time. The demand for power around the world continues to increase. It’s essential, therefore, to have light fixtures that reduce consumption. Currently, all sensors and daylight harvesting systems are driven by controls and power rather than using light as the starting point. However, looking at light differently and understanding that the future of lighting must be fully adaptive is the only way to truly lower energy consumption and costs. ⊡ SAJOL GHOSHAL (sajol.ghoshal@ams.com) is the director of the Sensor Driven Lighting business at ams . www.illuminationinfocus.com Illumination In Focus 19-21 November 2013 M.O.C. 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