INSTITUTE OF INTEGRATED ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS OF THE PHILIPPINES, INC. EASTERN REGION CHAPTER SAUDI ARABIA
OFFICIAL NEWSLETTER OF IIEE-ERCSA
Volume 3, Issue 1
Page 1
What’s Inside
Arthur L. Peñaflorida
Editor-in-Chief / PRO
Reliance on Remittances
past five years, the Philippines has dodged
F orthetherecession
plaguing the developed world mainly
because of the billions of dollars sent home by some 10
million Filipinos living or working abroad. But the
picture is no longer that rosy. Couple of weeks ago, the
Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas reported that in March,
remittances from overseas Filipinos grew at their
slowest pace in nearly four years.
Although the first-quarter expansion remained above
the BSP projection of a 5-percent growth for 2013, the
monthly increase so far has not been encouraging.
Remittances have been slowing down since January,
when growth eased to 8 percent from 9.7 percent the
previous month, slowing to 6 percent in February, and
further to 3 percent in March when cash remittances
coursed through banks reached $1.75 billion. This is the
slowest expansion since August 2009, when remittances
grew 2.8 percent. Growth in the last three years was
consistently above 4 percent and even surpassed 10
percent during certain months.
The role played by remittances in propping up the economy will be put to a test this year as the economy is not
expected to grow as fast as it did in 2012. ING economist Joey Cuyegkeng, for one, said he expected that
growth in 2013 would be lower than the 6.6-percent
expansion last year despite the election spending
because some of the growth indicators in the first quarter were on the downtrend. He cited exports, which
posted an almost flat growth at 0.1 percent in March
after performing negatively for two consecutive months.
The Singapore-based DBS Group also said in a research
Editorial
1
President’s Report
2
VP Corner
3-6
Safety Matters
7 - 10
Technical Section
11 - 14
Sports Section
15
Quiz/Crypto Code
16
BOD/Editorial Board
17
IIEE–ERCSA Activity Highlights
18 - 20
2013 MYGMM Sponsors
21 - 23
note that exports growth was “likely to be in the low-tomid single digits” if a moderate recovery in major
markets would occur in the coming months. The
government is looking at a rather optimistic exports
growth of 10 percent, but DBS noted that exports had
been underperforming this year and that, in the first
two months, the rebound in electronics did not happen.
In fact, electronics exports plunged 34 percent
year-on-year during the period.
The BSP has seen the writing on the wall, projecting
growth in remittances to decelerate further over the
medium term as offshore jobs available for migrant
workers move closer to saturation.
Not that the situation is hopeless. The BSP had pointed
out that the Philippines could still enjoy substantial
increases in foreign exchange inflows if it focused
efforts on tourism, exports and the BPO sector. “The
government [must push] for the further development of
sectors that will help the country depend less on
remittances
Continue on page 3...
Volume 3, Issue 1
Page 2
Silverio B. De Honor
President
thanks and appreciations to the CURRENTS
O urEditorial
Board headed by the Chairman, the
Editor-In-Chief, Editors (Features, News/Sports,
Advertising, Technical, Design/Layout) and to all
Technical/Editorial Advisers who made the release of
this Official Newsletter of the chapter possible despite
of time constraints.
During the first six months, the chapter was able to
conduct the activities as proposed in the Plans and
Programs for the year 2013. The activity started during
the induction/oath taking of 2013 Officers/BOD,
Turn-Over Ceremony, 2012 Chapter Awards, Thanksgiving & Victory Party “Recognition Rites” for 2012
SPLBE REE/RME Board Passers & 2013 Plans and
Programs held on January 22, 2013 at Dhahran
Inter- national Hotel, Dhahran, KSA. The event was
attended by the 2012/2013 Officers/BOD, Former
Presidents and guests. Induction/oath taking ceremony
was
administered by Honorable Labor Attaché
Adam A. Musa.
Last February 15, 2013, the orientation for PEE
Mentoring and REE/RME Refresher Course Program
was held at the International Philippine School in
Al-Khobar. Nine (9) Registered Electrical Engineers
were enrolled for PEE Mentoring while 28 participants
for RME/REE Refresher Course. VP for Internal
Affairs Engr. Reynaldo P. Addun, 2013 President Engr.
Silverio B. De Honor and 2010 President Engr. Romulo
S. Ebarola discussed the outline of the PEE Mentoring
Program while VP for Technical Affairs Engr. Daniel
P. Sese and Assistant Secretary Engr. Aldwin F. Noscal
discussed the syllabus for REE/RME Refresher Course
Programs. These Mentoring and Refresher Course
programs started on March 2013 every Fridays and
onwards.
The 2012 SPLBE REE/RME Board passers and 2013
President Engr. Silverio B. De Honor (Appointed as
Chairman for 2013 SPLBE) were inducted during the
Joint Oath taking/Induction Ceremony of Philippine
Professional Organization (PPO-SA) Officers on
February 22, 2013 in Dhahran International Hotel,
Dhahran, KSA. Honorable Ambassador Ezzedin H.
Tago administered the induction ceremony. The Board
Passers from PICE, PICPA, UAP, IECEP, PNA and
PSME were also inducted.
Technical Seminars
The first Technical Seminar on Industrial Motor
Controller & Servicing Techniques was conducted last
February 8, 2013 at the International Philippine School
in Al-Khobar (IPSA). The Resource Speakers were
Engrs. Clemente P. Catungal and Velmor C. Villena.
The second Technical Seminar was held on March 1,
2013 in Al-Khafji, Saudi Arabia. Topic on “Cathodic
Protection of Buried Pipeline for Oil, Gas and Water”
was presented by VP-Technical Affairs Engr. Daniel P.
Sese while the 2nd Technical topic on “Fire Alarm
System Design” was presented by Engr. Jerene B.
Talam.
The third Technical Seminar was held on March 8,
2013 in IPSA Al-Khobar, KSA. The first Technical
topic on “Programmable Logic Controller” was
presented by Engr. Uldarico C. Torreda while the 2nd
Technical topic on “Hands-On Wiring for Industrial
Motor
Controller” was presented by Engr. Clemente
P. Catungal.
The fourth Technical Seminar held on May 10, 2013 in
IPSA Al-Khobar, KSA. Technical topic on “Advance
Programmable Logic Controller” was presented by
Engr. Uldarico C. Torreda
Plant Tours
The 1st Plant Tour was conducted in National Pipe
Company (NPC) in Dammam 2nd Industrial City, KSA
last March 15, 2013. NPC is one of the manufacturer of
large diameter of Steel Pipes in the kingdom. Their
facilities are equipped with latest technology on
Programmable Logic Controllers.
The second Plant Tour was made possible courtesy of
Arabian Point Eight Power Company in Dammam,
KSA last March 22, 2013. The Company is an electrical
manufacturer of MV and LV Switchgears, LV MCC’s,
and Switchracks.
Continue on page 3…
“Wisdom is like electricity. There is no
permanently wise man, but men capable of
wisdom, who, being put into certain
company, or other favorable conditions,
become wise for a short time, as glasses
rubbed acquire electric power for a while.”
- Ralph Waldo Emerson
Volume 3, Issue 1
From page 2…President’s Report…
Socio Civic Affairs
IIEE-ERCSA BOD/Officers started rendering voluntary
services in assisting the Philippine Embassy for their
outreach consular services mission (Embassy-OnWheels) for the renewal of Passports, authentication &
notarial of various documents of our fellow OFW’s in
the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia last March 29,
2013 in Al-Jazeerah International School in Dammam.
The tentative schedule of Embassy-On-Wheels here in
Dammam is every last Thursday & Friday of the month.
IIEE-ERCSA volunteers were composed of Engrs.
Arthur L. Peñaflorida (PRO), Elson S. Fajardo (District
Coordinator), Silverio B. De Honor (2013 President)
and Alfredo B. Flores who were assigned in the
Passport Releasing Section of Embassy-On-Wheels.
IIEE-ERCSA BOD/Officers rendered also voluntary
services during Overseas Absentee Voting from April
13 until May 13, 2013. The volunteers were Engrs. Noel P. Nebran (2009 President), Clemente P. Catungal
(2012 President), Alfredo B. Flores (Business
Manager), Wilfredo B. Bose (Asst. Treasurer) and
Gerardo D. Frani (Treasurer).
Page 3
“Raising public investment, loosening of FDI (foreign
direct investments) restrictions on foreign ownership,
and improving the business environment are all
required reforms to address the economy’s structural
weakness,” HSBC said. Since assuming office in June
2010, the Aquino administration has made gradual
progress to lift the Philippines’ profile, raising the
efficiency of public spending and closing tax loopholes
to raise revenue collection, and instilling confidence in
governance. However, the bank pointed out, these
reforms were not enough to raise revenues, reduce regulatory bottlenecks, and attract foreign investments to
strengthen the manufacturing sector, improve
productivity, and diversify the economy.
President Aquino’s State of the Nation Address in July
will provide him a venue to expound on his administration’s reform agenda for the remainder of his term. He
should include in it reforms that will boost investments
and create jobs that, in the long run, will reduce the
country’s reliance on remittances from Filipinos
working abroad, and indeed allow them to stay home.
END
“Electrical Engineers deal with current events “
Last April 5, 2013, IIEE-ERCSA Inter – Sports fest was
held in IPSA and was attended by the BOD/Officers,
Former Presidents, members and non-members. The
events played were Dart, Lawn Tennis, Table Tennis,
Basketball and Chess.
IIEE-ERCSA Anniversary/Get Together party was held
on April 11, 2013 at Baher Villas Resort, Aziziyah,
KSA. The occasion was attended by BOD/Officers and
their families, Former Presidents, members and guests.
END
From page 1…Editorial…
[as far as its foreign-exchange needs are concerned],”
BSP Governor Amando Tetangco Jr. said. He noted that
HSBC was more direct to the point in stating what the
Philippines needed to do to turn its fortunes around.
After consolidating power in the May 13 midterm
elections, President Aquino should now “sink his teeth”
into substantial reforms to raise economic productivity
and efficiency, HSBC said. It said the outcome of the
elections—with the administration poised to take
control of both the House and the Senate—had raised
expectations that the President would use his stronger
mandate to take stronger steps to address the country’s
structural challenges, foremost among them low
investments and jobs growth.
Reynaldo P. Addun
VP Internal Affairs
By: Engr. Elson S. Fajardo, DC
reference to IIEE National Office Memorandum
I ndated
February 19, 2013 the requirements and fees
for new membership ID (E-Card) applications shall be
as follows:
Life Membership Fee:
P 5, 200 for Regular Member (PEE or REE) + 25 SR.
Remittance Fee and P 4, 200 for Associate Member
(RME) + 25 SR. Remittance Fee.
Qualification:
Applicants must have continuous regular membership
of Good Standing for at least 12 years. In case of
delinquency or gaps of membership, payment of annual
fees to cover the delinquent years in order to reach the
12 years continuous membership requirements may be
made in order to comply with the required membership
length.
Continue on page 4...
Volume 3, Issue 1
Page 4
From page 3… VP Corner
Associate Membership Fee (Licensed RME)
Basic Requirements:
Entrance Fee
P 260
Annual Due (3 years) P 1,200








Accomplished
IIEE-ERCSA
Membership
Application Form
Accomplished
IIEE
National
Membership
Application Form
Accomplished Waiver Form (for transferee only)
1 pc - 1" x 1" ID Photo (jpg format)
Copy of PRC ID license (PEE, REE or RME)
Copy of previous IIEE Membership ID (for
transferee only)
Copy of Passport
Copy of Diploma
Regular Membership Fee (PEE or REE)
New Member Renewal
Entrance Fee
P 260
P 200
Annual Due (3 years) P 1,500
P1,500
P 200
P 1,200
Basic Requirements:






Accomplished
IIEE-ERCSA
Membership
Application Form
Accomplished
IIEE
National
Membership
Application Form
Accomplished Waiver Form (for transferee
only)
1 pc - 1" x 1" ID Photo (jpg format) Copy of
previous IIEE Membership ID (for transferee or
renewal only)
Copy of Passport
Copy of RME license
END
Basic Requirements:








Accomplished
IIEE-ERCSA
Membership
Application Form
Accomplished
IIEE
National
Membership
Application Form
Accomplished Waiver Form (for transferee only)
1 pc - 1" x 1" ID Photo (jpg format)
Copy of PRC ID license
Copy of previous IIEE Membership ID (for
transferee or renewal only)
Copy of Passport
Copy of Diploma
Auxiliary Membership Fee (BSEE Non-license)
Entrance Fee
P 260
Annual Due (3 years) P 1,200
P 200
P 1,200
Basic Requirements:








Accomplished
IIEE-ERCSA
Membership
Application Form
Accomplished
IIEE
National
Membership
Application Form
Accomplished Waiver Form (for transferee
only)
1 pc - 1" x 1" ID Photo (jpg format)
Copy of previous IIEE Membership ID (for
transferee or renewal only)
Copy of Passport
Copy of Diploma
Copy of Transcript of Records (TOR)
Rolly C. Salvador
VP External Affairs
& second quarters of 2013 proved to be a
T heveryfirsthectic
schedule for IIEE-ERCSA. Lots of
events from sports to socio-civic activities were carried
out and participated in by a handful of electrical
practitioners. Unlike in the previous years that the
number of attendees who had partaken some of the
activities were not impressive and it might be due to
work schedules and the distance from work locations.
This year, despite work pressures and long hours of
work, our comrades in profession found a way to attend
chapter activities to achieve goals promoting
camaraderie to fellow practitioners. This makes the first
half of the year
remarkable for the chapter.
For two consecutive Fridays, last March 15 and 22
2013, the chapter visited the plants in two of the most
prestigious companies in the Eastern Province. The
National Pipe Company welcomed the group with
warm greetings by Engrs. Pablo J. Acelajado & Samuel
G. Ogatis who facilitated the plant tour. The group was
accorded with appreciations for being prominent and
active in this undertaking. The plant tour is one of the
activities of the chapter in order to enhance the
technical knowledge of electrical practitioners
especially in the production side of pipeline business.
Continue on page 5...
Volume 3, Issue 1
From page 4… VP Corner
Under the auspices of Engr. Acelajado, the plant
visitors were able to know the brief history of the company and their product lines thru visual
presentation. The plant tour was really informative and educational
having learned the material and process to
yield quality products with the application of
exceptional safety precautions. The plant tourists were
served with lunch inside the viewing / function room
before the question and answer portion. The chapter
was very thankful of this gesture that the company has
provided us with the technical knowledge with utmost
hospitality. The ideas we got can be cherished as we
blaze new trails in our chosen field of expertise. We
were able to express our profound gratitude to the
people who shared their
talents, time & efforts in
providing us the much needed information we have to
know. It was a meaningful day for the chapter.
Arabian Point Eight Power Co. Ltd. (APEP) was our
next plant visit through the courtesy and facilitation of
Engr.
Alfredo B. Flores – the chapter’s Business
Manager. Their product lines were truly a part of day to
day
undertaking of electrical practitioners. We were
able to observe the process and assembly of electrical
equipment such as Motor Control Centers, Switchgears,
& Switchracks. Though we had limited time, the
chapter had learned the basics of manufacturing their
product lines. The chapter was thankful to APEP who
provided us the opportunity to visit and see for
ourselves the product lines that are visible in any power
and control stations. It was truly a remarkable day to all
of the attendees.
Last April 2, 2013, the chapter received a Press Release
from Philippine Embassy Riyadh the following
statements: the Philippine Embassy in Riyadh has
received queries concerning the recent concerted efforts
undertaken by the government of the Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia against expatriate workers working with
employers other than those named in their Iqama
working in jobs other than what is indicated in their
work permit, and those without work permit.
The authorities have inspected hospitals, schools,
universities, companies, accommodations and other
installations to strictly implement recent amendments to
the Saudi labor law which punish both the erring
sponsor and the illegal worker.
With this memorandum, Saudi labor law has given a
time limit to arrange all their supporting documents to
legalize their working permit until July 3, 2013.
Despite of memorandum from Phil. Embassy,
IIEE-ERCSA was not bothered at all. We celebrated
Page 5
our IIEE Inter–Sports fest last April 5, 2013 at
International Philippine School in Al-Khobar (IPSA).
It was a one day event attended by BOD / officers,
Former Presidents and members. There had been
different events like dart, lawn tennis, table tennis,
basketball and chess. Congratulations to all the best
players in each event.
After the hard day’s work, IIEE was able to celebrate
the Get Together / IIEE Anniversary / Family Day last
April 11, 2013 at Baher Villas Resort, Aziziyah. Family
members who joined the celebration enjoyed the
activities led by the host chapter such as playing,
cooking, swimming, eating, etc…
The chapter got the nod from Cooper Industries & Pan
Gulf Industrial Systems to sponsor our 2013 Mid-Year
General Membership Meeting & Technical Seminar /
Workshop to be held at Dhahran International Hotel,
Dhahran. The red letter day is on 28 June 2013. We are
thankful to the generous sponsors that they are one of
the instruments in fulfilling the chapter’s yearly event.
END
Health Tips
WHAT IS NCOV?
is this NOVEL CORONA VIRUS ( nCoV)?
W hat
It is a new strain of coronavirus that has not been
previously identified in humans. Corona viruses are a
large family of viruses that are known to cause illness
in humans and animals. In humans, this large family of
viruses is known to cause illness ranging from common
colds to severe acute respiratory syndrome. In
confirmed cases of illnesses in humans signs and
symptoms includes:




Acute, serious respiratory illness with Fever
Cough
Shortness of breath
Breathing difficulties
Based on the current clinical experience, the infection
generally presents as pneumonia. It has cause kidney
failure and death in some cases. It is important to note
that the current understanding of the illness caused by
the infection is based on a limited number of cases and
may change as more information becomes available.
There is NO SPECIFIC TREATMENT for disease
caused by novel coronavirus. However, many of the
symptoms caused by this virus can be treated and therefore treatment should be based on the symptoms of the
patient.
Moreover, supportive case for the infected persons can
be highly effective.
Continue on page 10
Volume 3, Issue 1
Page 6
Daniel P. Sese
VP Technical Affairs
year’s theme “Leading the Electrical Practitioner
T histowards
Global Recognition”. The Technical Affairs
focus on developing strategies, plans and programs
towards global recognition for the electrical practitioners.
And as the chairman of the Continuing Education Committee, technical affairs continuously support the IIEE
mission “delivering high quality products and services
in order to instill excellence in the Electrical Practitioner
and, and to enhance the technical profession to enable it to
make positive contributions to National Development.
Under the RA 7920, known as the New Electrical Engineering Law, all licensed electrical practitioner should
abide by the rules and regulations on the Continuing
Professional Education (CPE).
The CPE has the following objectives:
 To provide and ensure the continuous education of
PEEs, REEs and RMEs with the latest trends in the
Electrical Engineering profession brought about by
modernization and scientific and technological
advancement.
 To raise and maintain the PEEs, REEs and RMEs
capability for delivering professional services;
 To attain and maintain the highest standards and quality
in the practice of Electrical Engineering;
 To make Filipino PEEs, REEs and RMEs globally
competitive; and
 To promote the general welfare of the public.
The IIEE-ERCSA conducted various seminars in International Philippine School Al-Khobar for electrical practitioners, members and non-members and some parts in
Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia like Khafji to reach out
our fellow practitioners who can’t travel because of the
distance. The technical seminar titles were completed as
follows:
 Industrial Motor Controller
 Servicing Techniques for Industrial Motor Controller.
 Cathodic Protection of Buried Pipeline for Oil, Gas and





Water
Fire Alarm System Design
MV Cable accessories colds shrink technology (splices
and termination)
Basic Programmable Logic Controller
Hands on-wiring Industrial Motor Controllers
Advanced Programmable Controller
I would like also to extend my appreciations to our
resource speakers - special mention to Engr. Clemente P.
Catungal, Engr. Velmor Villena, Engr. Uldarico Torreda,
Engr. Jerene Talam and yours truly, for their invaluable
support to the chapter by way of sharing their knowledge
and expertise in the electrical field to our fellow
practitioners.
And as part of plans and programs of technical affairs,
IIEE-ERCSA conducted the 1st day of REE/RME
Refresher Course last April 12, 2013 onwards with an
average nos. of 15 and 12 aspirants for REE/RME
respectively. This is to prepare all prospective examinees
how to develop their confidence to hurdle REE/RME
licensure examination to be conducted by Special
Professional Licensure Board Examination (SPLBE) to be
given in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on October 2013.
Thanks to our mentors in REE/RME Refresher Course
Program - Engrs. Aldwin F. Noscal, Clemente P. Catungal
and Reinerio C. Supsup who committed their time and
effort to refresh electrical practitioners who wished to
succeed in the Special Professional Licensure
Examination (SPLBE) this coming October. END
Take the Heat off Your Health
compiled by Daniel P. Sese, PEE
in excessively hot conditions can be diffiW orking
cult — and even fatal. People can become inattentive, short-tempered, dizzy and slow. Excessive heat
can also cause illnesses, including heat cramps, heat exhaustion and heat stroke. Be aware of safety and health
problems, caused by the heat, in yourself and in others.
Heat cramps — cramping, hot skin and an elevated body
temperature are early warning signs for heat exhaustion
and should be treated before the body’s ability to cope
with heat is exceeded.
Heat exhaustion is the body’s response to an excessive
loss of water and salt by sweating. It requires a fast response as it can rapidly progress to heat stroke. People
suffering from heat exhaustion cannot take care of themselves.
Symptoms include:
a) Heavy sweating b) Intense thirst and cool, moist
skin.c) Weakness and dizziness. d) Headache and blurred
vision e) Nausea and vomiting.f) Pale or flushed appearance.g) Rapid pulse. h) Mood changes such as irritability
or confusion.
Continue on page 10
Quote
Invention is the most important product of
man's creative brain. The ultimate purpose is
the complete mastery of mind over the material
world, the harnessing of human nature to
human needs.
Nikola Tesla
Unquote
Volume 3, Issue 1
TIRE SAFETY: Everything Rides On It
By: Engr. Arthur L. Peñaflorida
of tire safety show that maintaining proper
S tudies
tire pressure, observing tire and vehicle load limits
(not carrying more weight in your vehicle than your
tires or vehicle can safely handle), avoiding road
hazards, and inspecting tires for cuts, slashes, and other
irregularities are the most important things you can do
to avoid tire failure, such as tread separation or blowout
and flat tires. These actions, along with other care and
maintenance activities, can also:
Improve vehicle handling
Help protect you and others from avoidable
breakdowns and accidents
Improve fuel economy
Increase the life of your tires.
This booklet presents a comprehensive overview of tire
safety, including information on the following topics:
Basic tire maintenance
Uniform Tire Quality Grading System
Fundamental characteristics of tires
Tire safety tips.
Use this information to make tire safety a regular part
of your vehicle maintenance routine. Recognize that the
time you spend is minimal compared with the
inconvenience and safety consequences of a flat tire or
other tire failure.
Safety First – Basic Tire Maintenance
Properly maintained tires improve the steering,
stopping, traction, and load-carrying capability of your
vehicle. Underinflated tires and overloaded vehicles are
a major cause of tire failure. Therefore, as mentioned
above, to avoid flat tires and other types of tire failure,
you should maintain proper tire pressure, observe tire
and vehicle load limits, avoid road hazards, and
regularly inspect your tires.
Finding Your Vehicle's Recommended Tire
Pressure and Load Limits
Tire information placards and vehicle certification
labels contain information on tires and load limits.
These labels indicate the vehicle manufacturer's
information including:
Recommended tire size
Recommended tire inflation pressure
Vehicle capacity weight (VCW–the maximum occupant and cargo weight a vehicle is designed to carry)
Front and rear gross axle weight ratings (GAWR–
Page 7
the maximum weight the axle systems are designed
to carry).
Both placards and certification labels are permanently
attached to the vehicle door edge, door post, glove-box
door, or inside of the trunk lid. You can also find the
recommended tire pressure and load limit for your
vehicle in the vehicle
owner's manual.
Understanding Tire Pressure and Load Limits
Tire inflation pressure is the level of air in the tire that
provides it with load-carrying capacity and affects the
overall performance of the vehicle. The tire inflation
pressure is a number that indicates the amount of air
pressure– measured in pounds per square inch (psi)–a
tire requires to be properly inflated. (You will also find
this number on the vehicle information placard
expressed in kilopascals (kPa), which is the metric
measure used internationally.)
Manufacturers of passenger vehicles and
light trucks determine this number based
on the vehicle's design load limit, that is,
the greatest amount of weight a vehicle
can safely carry and the vehicle's tire
size.The proper tire pressure for your vehicle is referred to as the "recommended
cold inflation pressure." (As you will read below, it is
difficult to obtain the recommended tire pressure if your
tires are not cold).
Because tires are designed to be used on more than one
type of vehicle, tire manufacturers list the "maximum
permissible inflation pressure" on the tire sidewall. This
number is the greatest amount of air pressure that
should ever be put in the tire under normal driving
conditions.
Checking Tire Pressure
It is important to check your vehicle's tire pressure at
least once a month for the following reasons:
Most tires may naturally lose air over
time.
Tires can lose air suddenly if you drive
over a pothole or other object or if you
strike the curb when parking.
With radial tires, it is usually not possible to
determine under inflation by visual inspection.
For convenience, purchase a tire pressure gauge to keep
in your vehicle. Gauges can be purchased at tire dealerships, auto supply stores, and other retail outlets.
Continue on page 8...
Volume 3, Issue 1
Page 8
From page 7…Tire Safety…
The recommended tire inflation pressure that vehicle
manufacturers provide reflects the proper psi when a
tire is cold. The term cold does not relate to the outside
temperature.
Rather, a cold tire is one that has not been driven on for
at least three hours. When you drive, your tires get
warmer, causing the air pressure within them to increase. Therefore, to get an accurate tire pressure reading, you must measure tire pressure when the tires are
cold or compensate for the extra pressure in warm tires.
cially when the road is wet or icy. In general, tires are
not safe and should be replaced when the tread is worn
down to 1/16 of an inch. Tires have built-in tread wear
indicators that let you know when it is time to replace
your tires. These indicators are raised sections spaced
intermittently in the bottom of the tread grooves. When
they appear "even" with the outside of the tread, it is
time to replace your tires. Another method for checking
tread depth is to place a penny in the tread with Lincoln's head upside down and facing you. If you can see
the top of Lincoln's head, you are ready for new tires.
Steps for Maintaining Proper Tire Pressure
Step 1: Locate the recommended tire pressure on the
vehicle's tire information placard, certification label,
or in the owner's manual.
Step 2: Record the tire pressure of all tires.
Step 3: If the tire pressure is too high in any of the
tires, slowly release air by gently pressing on the tire
valve stem with the edge of your tire gauge until you
get to the correct pressure.
Step 4: If the tire pressure is too low, note the difference between the measured tire pressure and the
correct tire pressure. These "missing" pounds of
pressure are what you will need to add.
Step 5: At a service station, add the missing pounds
of air pressure to each tire that is underinflated.
Step 6: Check all the tires to make sure they have the
same air pressure (except in cases in which the front
and rear tires are supposed to have different amounts
of pressure).
Tire Balance and Wheel Alignment
To avoid vibration or shaking of the vehicle when a tire
rotates, the tire must be properly balanced. This balance
is achieved by positioning weights on the wheel to
counterbalance heavy spots on the wheel-and-tire
assembly. A wheel alignment adjusts the angles of the
wheels so that they are positioned correctly relative to
the vehicle's frame. This adjustment maximizes the life
of your tires and prevents your car from veering to the
right or left when driving on a straight, level road.
These adjustments require special equipment and
should be performed by a qualified technician.
If you have been driving your vehicle and think that a
tire is underinflated, fill it to the recommended cold inflation pressure indicated on your vehicle's tire information placard or certification label. While your tire
may still be slightly underinflated due to the extra
pounds of pressure in the warm tire, it is safer to drive
with air pressure that is slightly lower than the vehicle
manufacturer's recommended cold inflation pressure
than to drive with a significantly underinflated tire.
Since this is a temporary fix, don't forget to recheck and
adjust the tire's pressure when you can obtain a cold
reading.
Tire Size
To maintain tire safety, purchase new tires that are the
same size as the vehicle's original tires or another size
recommended by the manufacturer. Look at the tire information placard, the owner's manual, or the sidewall
of the tire you are replacing to find this information. If
you have any doubt about the correct size to choose,
consult with the tire dealer.
Tire Tread
The tire tread provides the gripping action and traction
that prevent your vehicle from slipping or sliding, espe-
Tire Rotation
Rotating tires from front to back and from side to side
can reduce irregular wear (for vehicles that have tires
that are all the same size). Look in your owner's manual
for information on how frequently the tires on your
vehicle should be rotated and the best pattern for
rotation.
A Tire Rotation Example For maximum mileage,
rotate your tires every 5,000 miles.
Follow correct rotation patterns.
Tire Repair The proper repair of a punctured tire
requires a plug for the hole and a patch for the area inside the tire that surrounds the puncture hole. Punctures
through the tread can be repaired if they are not too
large, but punctures to the sidewall should not be
repaired. Tires must be removed from the rim to be
properly inspected before being plugged and patched.
Continue on page 9...
Volume 3, Issue 1
From page 8...
Tire Repair
Page 9
Information on Passenger Vehicle Tires.
Please refer to the diagram below.
The proper repair of a punctured tire requires a plug for
the hole and a patch for the area inside the tire that
surrounds the puncture hole. Punctures through the tread
can be repaired if they are not too large, but punctures to
the sidewall should not be repaired. Tires must be
removed from the rim to be properly inspected before
being plugged and patched.
Uniform Tire Quality Grading System (UTQGS)
To help consumers compare a passenger car tire's treadwear rate, traction performance, and temperature resistance, the federal government requires tire manufacturers to grade tires in these three areas. This grading system,
known as the Uniform Tire Quality Grading System,
provides guidelines for making relative comparisons when
purchasing new tires. You also can use this information to
inquire about the quality of tires placed on new vehicles.
Although this rating system is very helpful when buying
new tires, it is not a safety rating or guarantee of how well
a tire will perform or how long it will last. Other factors
such as personal driving style, type of car, quality of the
roads, and tire maintenance habits have a significant influence on your tire's performance and longevity.
P The "P" indicates the tire is for passenger vehicles.
Next number This three-digit number gives the width in
millimeters of the tire from sidewall edge to sidewall
edge. In general, the larger the number, the wider the tire.
Treadwear grades are an indication of a tire's relative wear
rate. The higher the treadwear number is, the longer it
should take for the tread to wear down. For example, a tire
grade of 400 should wear twice as long as a tire grade of
200.
Next number This two-digit number, known as the aspect
ratio, gives the tire's ratio of height to width. Numbers of
70 or lower indicate a short sidewall for improved steering
response and better overall handling on dry pavement.
Tire Fundamentals
M+S The "M+S" or "M/S" indicates that the tire has some
Federal law requires tire manufacturers to place standardized information on the sidewall of all tires. This information identifies and describes the fundamental
characteristics of the tire and also provides a tire
identification number for safety standard certification
and in case of a recall.
mud and snow capability. Most radial tires have these
markings; hence, they have some mud and snow capability.
R The "R" stands for radial. Radial ply construction of
Traction grades are an indication of a tire's ability to stop tires has been the industry standard for the past 20 years.
on wet pavement. A higher graded tire should allow you Next number This two-digit number is the wheel or rim
to stop your car on wet roads in a shorter distance than a diameter in inches. If you change your wheel size, you
tire with a lower grade. Traction is graded from highest to will have to purchase new tires to match the new wheel
lowest as "AA", "A", "B", and "C".
diameter.
Temperature grades are an indication of a tire's resistance Next number This two- or three-digit number is the tire's
to heat. Sustained high temperature (for example, driving load index. It is a measurement of how much weight each
long distances in hot weather), can cause a tire to tire can support. You may find this information in your
deteriorate, leading to blowouts and tread separation. owner's manual. If not, contact a local tire dealer. Note:
From highest to lowest, a tire's resistance to heat is graded You may not find this information on all tires because it is
as "A", "B", or "C".
not required by law.
Speed Rating The speed rating denotes the speed at which
a tire is designed to be driven for extended periods of time.
The ratings range from 99 miles per hour (mph) to 186 mph.
These ratings are listed below. Note: You may not find this
information on all tires because it is not required by law.
Continue on page 10...
Volume 3, Issue 1
Page 10
From page 9...

Letter Rating
Speed Rating
Q
99 mph
R
106 mph
S
112 mph
T
118 mph
U
124 mph
H
130 mph
V
149 mph
W
168* mph
Y
186* mph
For tires with a maximum speed capability over 149
mph, tire manufacturers sometimes use the letters ZR.
For those with a maximum speed capability over 186
mph, tire manufacturers always use the letters ZR.
U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number
This begins with the letters "DOT" and indicates that the tire
meets all federal standards. The next two numbers or letters are the plant code where it was manufactured, and the
last four numbers represent the week and year the tire was
built. For example, the numbers 3197 means the 31st week
of 1997. The other numbers are marketing codes used at the
manufacturer's discretion. This information is used to contact
consumers if a tire defect requires a recall.
Tire Ply Composition and Materials Used
The number of plies indicates the number of layers of rubber
-coated fabric in the tire. In general, the greater the number
of plies, the more weight a tire can support. Tire manufacturers also must indicate the materials in the tire, which include
steel, nylon, polyester, and others.
Maximum Load Rating
This number indicates the maximum load in kilograms and
pounds that can be carried by the tire.
Maximum Permissible Inflation Pressure This number is the
greatest amount of air pressure that should ever be put in the
tire under normal driving conditions.
UTQGS Information
Treadwear Number This number indicates the tire's wear
rate. The higher the treadwear number is, the longer it should
take for the tread to wear down. For example, a tire graded
400 should last twice as long as a tire graded 200.
Traction Letter
This letter indicates a tire's ability to stop on wet
pavement. A higher graded tire should allow you to stop your car
on wet roads in a shorter distance than a tire with a lower
grade. Traction is graded from highest to lowest as
"AA","A", "B", and "C".
Temperature Letter
This letter indicates a tire's resistance to heat. The temperature grade is for a tire that is inflated properly and not
overloaded. Excessive speed, under inflation or excessive
loading, either separately or in combination, can cause heat
build-up and possible tire failure. From highest to lowest, a
tire's resistance to heat is graded as "A", "B", or "C". END
From page 5...What is nCOV?
What can I do to protect myself?
Exactly how people becomes infected with this virus in not
known at this time. However, some general measures that
would be prudent and help prevent the acquisition of any
respiratory illness.
• Wash your hands with soap and water for 15-20sec. especially after coughing or sneezing. Rubbing hands well
with a sanitizing solution is also effective.
• Use a tissue to cover the mouth and nose when coughing
or sneezing, and then properly dispose of the used
tissue.
• Maintain a reasonable distance of not less than one meter
from others if they are coughing or sneezing. Please do not
overreact to others coughing or sneezing when in public
places, using transportation, at airports, during air travel or
in schools.
• Avoid physical contact when greeting others.
This a very alarming situation that happens right now and
still continuously affecting humans, so please be careful and
follow the giving instruction. End
From page 6...Take the Heat off Your Health…
Treatment includes:
a. Move the victim to a cool, shaded area and call for medical help.
b. Loosen the victim’s clothing; remove any unnecessary
clothing.
c. Shower or sponge the victim’s skin with cool water.
d. Have the victim drink water or sport drinks that have
electrolytes (e.g., Gatorade).
Heat stroke is a medical emergency causing permanent tissue
damage and death if treatment is delayed. Collapse is often
misinterpreted as a heart attack or head injury.
Symptoms include:
a. Dry, hot skin with no sweating.
b. High body temperature (above 40 °C [103 F]).
c. Seizures or convulsions.
d. Chills.
e. Mental confusion.
f. Collapse, loss of consciousness.
Treatment—everything that is done for heat exhaustion,
plus:
a. Have the victim lie flat with feet elevated.
b. Fan and mist the victim’s body with water.
c. Monitor the victim’s breathing.
Never send a person suspected of suffering from heat stroke
home or leave them alone without a medical doctor’s approval. END
(Source: SA-Loss Prevention Safety Letter: May 2013)
Volume 3, Issue 1
Page 11
Cogeneration / Combined Heat and Power (CHP)
By Engr. Paul Michael O. Andres
energy is more cost effective than the combined
energies from the electric utility and local boilers.
heat and power or CHP, also called
C ombined
“Cogeneration or Distributed Generation”, is the
Benefits of Combined Heat and Power
Because of the high efficiency of the system, combined
heat and power provides considerable energy,
environmental and economic benefits. CHP systems
reduce the demand on the utility grid, increase energy
efficiency, reduce air pollution, lower greenhouse gas
emissions and protect the property against power
outages, while significantly lowering the utility costs of
building operations.
simultaneous production of two types of energy – heat
and electricity – from one fuel source, often natural gas.
The ability to create two forms of energy from a single
source offers tremendous efficiency and thus both cost
savings and environmental benefits.
The key components of a combined heat and power
system are an internal combustion, reciprocating engine
driving an electric generator. The clean natural gas fired
engine spins a generator to produce electricity. The natural byproduct of the working engine is heat. The heat
is captured and used to supply space heating, heating
domestic hot water, laundry hot water or to provide
heat for swimming pools and spas. The CHP process is
very similar to an automobile, where the engine provides the power to rotate the wheels and the byproduct heat is used to keep the passengers warm in the cabin during the winter months.
Efficiency of CHP Systems
Combined heat and power systems use fuel very
efficiently. A CHP system provides electricity and heat
at a combined efficiency approaching 90%. This is a
significant improvement over the combination of the
35% efficient electric utility and a conventional heating
boiler with a 65% seasonal efficiency.
Why is there such a big difference in fuel efficiency
between the electric utility and a combined heat and
power system? The electric utility and CHP system
each produce electricity and heat from one source of
fuel. However, the heat produced at the electric utility
is not used; it goes into the cooling water or up the
smokestack along with greenhouse gases and other
pollutants. Approximately two-thirds of the fuel’s
energy is wasted. Alternatively, while generating
electricity, a properly sized combined heat and power
system recovers nearly all of the heat it produces and
deploys it on site.
In addition, when purchasing power from the electric
utility, a separate source of heat, usually a boiler, is
required. Despite using an efficient boiler, the total fuel
required to produce conventional electricity and boiler
heat is greater than the amount of fuel required to
produce simultaneous energy with a combined heat and
power system. This demonstrates why CHP-produced
Combined Heat and Power Installation and Operation
Installing a combined heat and power system requires
capital and experience. System installations require
properly skilled and experienced system engineering,
project management, electrical and mechanical work
performed. Once the system is in place, continuous
operation and maintenance are necessary to optimize
performance. For businesses with a stretched budget
and competing capital improvement projects, finding
the cash and expertise for turnkey installation of a CHP
system presents a challenge. In most cases, an On-Site
Utility is the best option.
Combined Heat and Power System Candidates
The following qualifying criteria can help determine
whether or not your property is a good candidate for a
CHP system.
 The property has more than 120 beds, rooms or
units.
 Natural gas or propane is available on site.
 Domestic hot water is supplied from a central
boiler plant
 Space heating is supplied from a central plant with
hydronic distribution
 The average electric rate from all suppliers is greater than $0.10 per kWh
 Healthcare – hospitals, assisted living and long
term care facilities
 Hospitality – hotels
 Multi-tenant Housing – multi-tenant apartments,
condos, co-ops
 Education – dormitories, athletic centers
 Fitness – health clubs, spas
11. Industrial – food processing, plating, etc.
Source: American DG Energy
(EMAIL:INFO@AMERICANDG.COM)
Volume 3, Issue 1
AUTOMATIC SYNCHRONIZING CONSIDERATIONS AND APPLICATIONS
By Engr. Joselito M. Lagaac
INTRODUCTION
I
t is the intention of this presentation to provide an
explanation of the automatic synchroniz-ing
process, to explore the considerations involved and to
look at some synchronizing applications for selection of
the proper synchronizer.
Definition
Synchronizing, in its simplest form, is the process of
electrically connecting additional generators to an
existing bus.
Necessity for Synchronizing
The necessity for synchronizing and parallel generator
operation is often based on the following:



The rated generating capacity of an existing system
has been exceeded by new load demands.
Enhanced reliability (multiple generating vs. single
unit generating) is to be considered.
Operating efficiency of generator sets is a valid
concern.
These additional generators will be connected to
operate in parallel with each other and supply power to
the same load. The additional oncoming generators
must be synchro-nized properly to ensure:



Minimal disturbance to the bus.
Minimal shock to the generator, mechanical and
electrical.
Rapid loading of the oncoming generator to take on
its share.
The synchronizing equipment selected depends on the
generating equipment.
SYNCHRONIZING CONSIDERATIONS
Generator Size
For power to flow out of the machine and into the
system at the time the breaker contacts close, it is
desirable for larger machines' speed to be slightly greater than the system prior to synchronizing. Therefore,
the synchronizer must be capable of determining that
the machine frequency is greater than the system frequency (i.e., that the slip rate is positive). However,
with small machines, it may be acceptable to initiate
closure of the generator breaker while the machine is
slightly slower than the system, providing that the synchro-nizer parameters are within the preset limits and
the machine is accelerating and capable of accepting
load.
Small Machines
The need for generator sets as standby power is crucial
Page 12
for the operation of many facilities. For example, an
airport facility requires several engine generator sets to
maintain continu-ity of service during emergency
conditions or to supply specific load requirements
during peak demand periods. The load demands
expected at an airport complex for example exceed the
generating capability of one generator and require
additional generators to be connected to the station bus.
Manual synchronizing could be performed by power
plant operating personnel. The oper-ating personnel
would manually adjust the frequency and voltage of the
generator to be paralleled and would ultimately close
the circuit breaker to tie the generator to the load bus.
This type of synchronizing scheme is quite simple and
most economical. However, the one drawback is that it
requires skilled operators at the controls to avoid costly
damage to equipment due to improper synchronizing.
Synchronizing meter panels are used to provide
information to operators for manual syn-chronization.
The metering devices typically include individual bus
and generator fre-quency meters for matching
frequency, individual bus and generator a-c voltmeters
for matching voltage, a synchroscope, and two indicating lamps. A voltage is provided from step-down potential transformers (in high voltage applications) for the
input signal to these devices. Note that single phase,
line to line voltages from the same phases are used. In
most cases, single phase sensing for synchronizing
equipment is adequate, because the mechanical design
of the generator dictates that the three phases of the
generator are displaced 120 electrical degrees apart.
Before the generator is synchronized the first time, it
must be confirmed that the phase rotation (a.k.a. phase
sequence) of the generator matches the same sequence
as the station bus. Matching the phase sequence can be
accomplished by the appropriate physical connections
at the generator terminals or other suitable locations.
The synchroscope is a multiple parameter information
source. It tells you if there is a slip rate (a frequency
difference between generator and bus) and if the generator frequency is running slower or faster than the bus
frequency by causing the pointer to rotate in a
coun-terclockwise or clockwise direction.
As seen in Figure 1, the twelve o'clock position
indi-cates 0 degrees phase angle difference. Any
instantaneous position of the pointer indi-cates the
phase angle difference between the bus and generator
voltage. Of course, the object of the synchronizing process is to close the generator breaker at a 0 degree
phase angle to minimize power flow transients when
the breaker is closed. Figure 6 illustrates phase angle
displacements of the voltage sine wave.
Continue on page 13…
Volume 3, Issue 1
From page 12…Automatic Synchronizing…
Page 13
manual synchronization process assists with proper
synchronization.
Manual synchronization with a supervisory relay still
requires the operator to manually control voltage and
frequency, but the supervisory relay sets up an
operating tolerance that must be equaled before the
circuit breaker can be closed to parallel the alternator.
Figure 1: Synchroscope
Figure 2: Phase angle displacements
The most primitive device used for synchronizing is a
pair of incandescent lamps con-nected to the same
phases on either side of the generator breaker as shown
in Figure 3. This demonstrates that if both the generator
and bus voltages are "in phase", there is 0 volts
potential difference; therefore, the lamps will not be
illuminated, hence, the term "dark lamp method of
synchronizing". Although simplistic in design, this is a
reliable method of phase angle verification when used
in conjunction with a synchroscope to verify that there
is no malfunction of either the lamps or synchroscope.
Figure 3: Dark lamp method of synchronizing
In practice, for manual synchronization, an operator
creates a very slow slip rate by adjust-ing the prime
mover speed slightly faster than the bus frequency. This
allows the generator to pick up kW load immediately
rather than have the genset operate in a motoring condition when the breaker is closed. Generators typically
aren't operated in the underexcited condition so as not
to risk having the generator pull out of synchronism.
Therefore, it is preferred that an operator adjust the
generator voltage slightly greater than the bus voltage
before closing the breaker, so that a small amount of
reactive power will be exported from the generator
when the breaker is closed.
The addition of a supervisory relay, known as a
sync-check relay (ANSI/IEEE Device 25), to the
The supervisory relay compares the slip frequency,
phase angle, and voltage differences between the
oncoming generator and the station bus. These
parameters and some typical ranges are listed below.
The supervisory relay does not close its output contacts
until all system parameters are satisfied.
Parameters
Slip Frequency
Phase Angle
Voltage
Range
0.1 Hertz
0° to 30° (adjustment)
4 volts
The relay's output contacts are placed in series with the
operator's control switch. Closure of the circuit breaker
only occurs when 1) the operator manually attempts to
close the circuit breaker, and 2) the supervisory relay
contacts are closed. This is illustrated in Figure 4.
Figure 4: Breaker Closure with Supervisory Control
A function could be included for the supervisory relay
to bypass the sync check function and close its output
contact when it is desirable to close a breaker during a
dead bus condition. A functional block diagram of the
supervisory type relay is illustrated in Figure 5.
Figure 5: Synch-Check Block Diagram
Continue on page 14...
Volume 3, Issue 1
Page 14
From page 13…Automatic Synchronizing…
Some loads within the airport complex require
immediate attention from the standby emer-gency
generator sets. This demand for immediate attention
rules out the use of operating personnel and manual
synchronizing, which leads us to automatic
synchronizing.
With automatic synchronizing, the automatic synchronizer (ANSI/IEEE Device 25A) monitors frequency,
voltage and phase angle, provides correction signals for
voltage matching and frequency matching, and provides
the breaker closing output contact.
Figure 6: Automatic Synchronizing
Because of the importance of restoring electrical power
following an emergency outage, a dedicated
synchronizer is desired for each machine. This allows
the machines to parallel to each other as quickly as
possible. If the automatic synchronizing equipment
includes a dead bus provision, it will allow one of the
machines to pick up the dead bus and to start the
synchronizing process for the remaining machines.
For this application, we could use the anticipatory type
synchronizer discussed later. How-ever, this type of
device is expensive to apply to a number of machines
on a dedicated basis. A sequencing circuit could be
used to switch the anticipatory device from one
ma-chine to another, but this adds time to the
restoration of system power and complexity to the
overall control circuitry which might not be desirable in
this application. So for this particular job, we would use
the phase lock type automatic synchronizer also
discussed later.
By applying the phase lock type synchronizer on a per
machine basis, the need for se-quencing logic is
eliminated and each synchronizer/governor/engine
combination, to-gether with the voltage regulating
equipment, can be optimized for performance and
synchronizing speed
The major difference between a thing that might go
wrong and a thing that cannot possibly go wrong is
that when a thing that cannot possibly go wrong goes
wrong, it usually turns out to be impossible to get at
and repair. (Douglas Adams)
Figure 7: Typical Autosynchronizer Interconnect
Until this point, we have seen the need for
synchronizing equipment as applied to engine generator
sets for emergency load conditions or peak demand
conditions. A majority of these generators falls within
the lower generating capacity levels. For installations
with greater generating capacities, what type of
synchronizing equipment is required? What are some
typical applications of these generators, and what
features are requested with the synchronizer?
(To be continued on next issue of CURRENTS)
Quote
When you look at the inner workings of
electrical things, you see wires. Until the
current passes through them, there will
be no light. That wire is you and me. The
current is God. We have the power to
let the current pass through us, use us,
to produce the light of the world, Jesus,
in us. Or we can refuse to be used and
allow darkness to spread.
Mother Teresa
Engineer's Motto: If it isn't broken, take it
apart and fix it.
 Engineers have no life--and can PROVE it
mathematically!
 If you're not part of the solution, you're part
of the precipitate.
 If we knew what we were doing it wouldn't be
called research.

Unquote
Volume 3, Issue 1
Page 15
By Engr. Alfredo Flores
of Integrated Electrical Engineers of the Philippines, Inc. - Eastern Region Chapter, Saudi Arabia
I nstitute
(IIEE-ERCSA) held its annual Inter-Sports Festival activity which was held last April 5, 2013 at International
Philippine School in Al-Khobar (IPSA). The sports festival was organized by IIEE-ERCSA 2013 BOD and
former presidents to promote the camaraderie among the members.
The sport event included basketball, lawn tennis, table tennis, chess and dart. Each event was participated in by the
members from Al-Hassa, Al-Khobar, Dammam, Khurais, Jubail and Khafji. It was a successful event, and below is
the list of the best players for the events.
Event
Basketball
Lawn Tennis
Table Tennis
Chess
Best Player
Elvin A. Apuyan
Simeon C. Valentino Jr.
Carlos C. Tamayo
Wilfredo B. Bose
Dart
Joel V. De Leon
Below are the captions of the sports events
Volume 3, Issue 1
Page 16
Crypto Code


By: Romulo S. Ebarola
An article from Philippine Electrical Code 1 (PEC 1) is
written below. Identify the statement by replacing one
letter by another. Each issue has a different letter code.
Title of Article No. 4.8.1.3 Switchboards and Panel
boards.


You're sweeter than glucose.
We're as compatible as two similar Power
Macintoshes.
Why don't we measure the coefficient of static
friction between you and me?
Wanna see the programs in my HP-48GX?
Cross Word Puzzle
By Elson S. Fajardo
(b) Phase Arrangements
Complete the puzzle using the clues shown below:
RFC NFYQC YPPYLECKCLR
ZSQCQ QFYJJ ZC Y, Z, A
ML
3–NFYQC
DPMK DPMLR RM ZYAI, RMN RM ZMRRMK,
MP JCDR RM PGEFR, YQ
TGCUCB DPMK RFC DPMLR
QUGRAFZMYPB MP NYLCJZMYPB.
MD
RFC Z NFYQC QFYJJ ZC RFYR
FYTGLE RFC FGEFCP TMJRYEC RM
RFC
NFYQC
EPMSLB
ML
3-NFYQC,
4-UGRC,
BCGRY-AMLLCARCB QWQRCKQ. MRFCP
ZSQZYP
YPPYLECKCLRQ
QFYJJ
NCPKGRRCB DMP YBBGRGMLQ RM
ZC
CVGQRGLE GLQRYJJYRGMLQ YLB QFYJJ ZC
KYPICB.
(Answer to be published on the next issue)
Engineering Humor
Engineering Pick-up Lines
(Author: Unknown)








I won't stop bugging you until I get the address of
your home page.
You fascinate me more than the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.
Since distance equals velocity times time, let's let
velocity and time approach infinity, because I want
to go all the way with you.
My love for you is like a concave up function
because it is always increasing.
Let's convert our potential energy to kinetic energy.
Wanna come back to my room...and see my 4 Ghz
Pentium VII?
How about you and I go back to my place and form a
covalent bond?
You and I would add up better than a Riemann sum.
Across
8. A magnetic field that is produced by a current of
electricity
9. In an electrical circuit, the apparent opposition to the
flow of an alternating current that is comparable to
the actual electrical resistance to a direct current
11.A test instrument that is used to measure and analyze
electronic signals (waves and pulses) displayed on its
screen
12.The standard unit of measurement for capacitors
(capacitance).
Down
1. A device that is used to store electrical energy
2. A wire or metal object that makes an electrical
connection with the earth-usually singular
3. A unit for measuring the rate at which electric
current flows
4. A unit for measuring electrical resistance
5.The complete path that an electric current travels
along
6. A small device that is used to control the flow of
electricity in radios, computers, etc.
7. A unit for measuring electrical power
10. A device that is used to control the flow of electricity
in an electric circuit
END
Volume 3, Issue 1
Page 17
BOD / Editorial Board
Volume 3, Issue 1
IIEE-ERCSA Activity Highlights
Page 18
Volume 3, Issue 1
IIEE-ERCSA Activity Highlights
Page 19
Volume 3, Issue 1
IIEE-ERCSA Activity Highlights
Page 20
Volume 3, Issue 1
SPONSORS
Page 21
COOPER MIDDLE EAST LLC, SAUDI ARABIA
Websites: http://www.cooperindustries.com/content/public/en/crouse-hinds.html
http://www.cooperindustries.com/content/public/en/b-line.html
Cooper Crouse-Hinds & Cooper B-Line
Contacts:
Saleem Haddad
Country Manager
Tel: +966 3 812 2236
Mobile no: +966 54 055 9164
Email: Saleem.Haddad@cooperindustries.com
Tauseef Hussain
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Tel: +966 3 812 2236 extn 203
Mobile no: +966 554541579
E-mail add: Tauseef. Hussain@cooperindustries.com
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Volume 3, Issue 1
SPONSORS
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Volume 3, Issue 1
SPONSORS
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