Old English Aerobics Glossary
This glossary covers the following texts:
Texts:
Ælf
Æth
Cæd
Cyn
Fall
Wand
Wulf
The Martyrdom of Ælfheah
The Life of St. Æthelthryth
The Story of Cædmon
Cynewulf and Cyneheard
The Fall of Adam and Eve
The Wanderer
Wulf and Eadwacer
Minitexts:
Bene
Creed
Weeks
Oros
A Miracle of St. Benedict
Wulfstan’s Creed
Weeks of the Year
Orosius on the Reign of Caligula
It also covers all of the short readings included in Old English Aerobics, though references
are given only for the texts listed above. Cross-references are liberally provided; note,
however, that cross-references that would have fallen next to a main entry have been
omitted. If you are having difficulty locating a word, look for it in the two entries adjacent
to the place where you expected to find it.
In accordance with the usual practice in Old English glossaries and dictionaries, the
ge- prefix is ignored in the alphabetical sequence, æ follows a and þ/ð follows t.
The glossary uses the following abbreviations:
1sg.
2sg.
3sg.
acc.
adj.
adv.
anom.
compar.
conj.
dat.
demonst.
fem.
first-person sg.
second-person sg.
third-person sg.
accusative
adjective
adverb
anomalous
comparative
conjunction
dative
demonstrative
feminine
gen.
imp.
indef.
inf.
infl. inf.
inst.
interj.
interrog.
masc.
neut.
nom.
part.
genitive
imperative
indefinite
infinitive
inflected inf.
instrumental
interjection
interrogative
masculine
neuter
nominative
participle
pers.
pl.
prep.
pret. pres.
pron.
refl.
rel.
sg.
st.
subj.
superl.
wk.
personal
plural
preposition
preterite-pres.
pronoun
reflexive
relative
singular
strong
subjunctive
superlative
weak
Except where stated otherwise, verbs are present indicative and adjectives and adverbs are
positive.
This file was generated automatically by Old English Aerobics. Updates will be frequent as new matter is added and technical improvements made: this is version 7.
ā, adv. always, forever. ā, aa Æth 26, 31; Creed
11, 12.
a → on.
abbatissan → abbudisse.
abbud, masc. abbot. acc. sg. Ælf 6.
abbudisse, fem. abbess. nom. sg. Æth 12, 20;
Cæd 20. acc. sg. abbatissan Ælf 6. gen.
sg. abbudissan Cæd 1. dat. sg. abbudissan
Æth 10, 17; Cæd 15.
ābēad → ābēodan.
ābelgan, st. 3. anger. subj. sg. ābelge.
ābēodan, st. 1. command, relate, present. past
3sg. ābēad.
āberan, st. 4. bear, carry. 3sg. ābirð.
2
ac, conj. but. Ælf 4, 15; Æth 4, 16; Cæd 3, 4,
36; Cyn 8; Fall 5; Oros 3, etc.
āc, fem. athematic. oak.
ācennan, wk. 1. bring forth, give birth to, bear.
1sg. ācenst Fall 16. past part. ācenned. past
part. pl. ācennede.
āclǣnsian, wk. 2. cleanse. subj. sg. āclǣnsige
Æth 13.
ācwellan, wk. 1. kill. past 3sg. ācwealde Creed
5. past pl. ācwealdon.
ācweþan, st. 5. say. 3sg. ācwið Wand 91.
ācwielman, wk. 1. kill. past pl. ācwylmdon
Ælf 17.
ācwið → ācweþan.
ācȳþan, wk. 1. reveal. inf. Wand 113. past
part. gecȳðed.
ādlig, adj. sick. masc. nom. pl. ādlige Æth 27.
ādrǣdan, st. 7. be afraid. past pl. ādrēdon.
adrǣfan, wk. 1. drive, exile. past 3sg. ādrǣfde
Cyn 2. inf. ādrǣfan Cyn 3.
ādrēdon → ādrǣdan.
ādrencan, wk. 1. flood, drown. past 3sg.
ādrencte.
ādrı̄fan, st. 1. drive. subj. past sg. ādrife Bene
5. past part. ādrifen.
ādrincan, st. 3. drown. past pl. ādruncon.
ādūne, adv. down.
ādylegian, wk. 2. destroy. past part. ādylegod
Æth 4.
āfǣran, wk. 1. frighten. past part. āfǣred.
āfēdan, wk. 1. feed. 3sg. āfēt.
āflı̄eman, wk. 1. drive out, expel. past pl.
āflı̄emdon.
āfyllan, wk. 1. fill, replenish. imp. pl. āfyllað.
āgan, pret. pres. have, possess. subj. sg. āge
Wand 64.
negated. past 3sg. nāhte Creed 3.
āgeaf → āgiefan.
Agelesþrep, noun. Agelesthrep.
āgen, adj. own. masc. acc. sg. āgenne Cyn
11. masc. gen. sg. āgenes. masc. dat. sg.
āgenum. fem. dat. sg. āgenre.
āgēotan, st. 2. pour out, spill. past part. agoten.
āgiefan, st. 5. give, deliver, give back. past 3sg.
āgeaf Cæd 19.
āglǣcan, masc. contender, formidable one.
agoten → āgēotan.
āgrafan, st. 6. carve. past part. āgrafene.
āhafen → āhebban.
āhēawan, st. 7. cut. past part. āhēawen Æth
Old English Aerobics
25.
āhebban, st. 6. raise, lift. past 3sg. āhōf. inf.
Bene 5. past part. āhafen Bene 7.
āhōn, st. 7. hang. subj. past sg. āhēnge Creed
5.
āhreddan, wk. 1. rescue.
ālǣdan, wk. 1. lead. 1sg. ālǣde.
ālǣtan, st. 7. give up, leave, allow. 2sg. ālǣtst.
aldormon → ealdorman.
aldormonnes → ealdorman.
aldre → ealdor (2).
ālecgan, wk. 1. lay, put, give up, put down, conquer, inflict. past part. ālēd.
ālēfod, adj. infirm. masc. nom. pl. ālēfode.
alle → eall.
āmānsumian, wk. 2. excommunicate. past part.
āmānsumod.
ambeht, masc. officer, retainer. nom. sg. ombeht.
amen, interj. amen. Æth 31.
ān, card. num. noun. one. nom. sg. Weeks 1.
gen. sg. ānes.
adj. one, a single, a certain. masc. nom.
sg. Bene 2. masc. acc. sg. ǣnne Oros 3;
Creed 1. masc. dat. sg. ānum Cyn 8, 15.
fem. dat. sg. ānre. neut. dat. sg. ānum Æth
11. wk. masc. nom. sg. āna Wand 8.
indef. pron. a, a certain, one. masc. nom.
sg. Ælf 18; Æth 7; Cyn 2. masc. acc. sg.
ānne Cyn 3. masc. dat. sg. ānum Æth 3.
fem. acc. sg. āne Æth 19. fem. gen. sg.
ānre Ælf 18. neut. nom. sg. Æth 12. neut.
acc. sg. Æth 20. neut. dat. sg. ānum. neut.
acc. pl. āne.
adv. only. Cæd 4.
anbidian, wk. 2. await. past pl. anbidodon.
geancsumod → geangsumian.
and, conj. and. and, ond Ælf 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8, 9, 10, 11, etc.
anda, masc. enmity, anger. acc. sg. andan
Wand 105.
andettan, wk. 1. confess, acknowledge. subj. sg.
andette.
andswarian, wk. 2. answer. past 3sg. ondswarede, ondswarade Cæd 8, 37. past pl.
ondswarodon, ondswaredon Cæd 33, 36,
40.
andswaru, fem. answer. acc. sg. andsware Cæd
11.
andweard, adj. present. masc. nom. sg. an-
Glossary
weard. dat. pl. ondweardum Cæd 16.
andwlita, masc. face. gen. sg. andwlitan Fall
19.
andwyrdan, wk. 1. answer. past 1sg. andwyrde. past 3sg. andwyrde Fall 2. past pl.
andwyrdon.
ānforlǣtan, st. 7. let alone, relinquish. subj. past
sg. ānforlēte Cæd 20.
angēan → ongēan.
Angelcynn, neut. the English. gen. sg. Angelkynnes, Angelcynnes Ælf 9, 12.
Angelþēod, fem. English people, England. dat.
sg. Ongelþēode Cæd 3.
anginn, neut. beginning. dat. sg. anginne.
geangsumian, wk. 2. vex, afflict. past part.
geancsumod.
ānhaga, masc. solitary one. nom. sg. Wand 1.
ānhoga, masc. solitary thinker. acc. sg. ānhogan Wand 40.
ansı̄en, fem. face, presence, sight. dat. sg.
ansȳne.
ansund, adj. whole. fem. nom. pl. ansunde
Æth 23.
ansȳne → ansı̄en.
anweald → onweald.
anwealde → onweald.
anweard → andweard.
apostol, masc. apostle. gen. pl. apostola Cæd
24.
ār, fem. honor, favor, grace, mercy, prosperity.
acc. sg. āre Wand 114. gen. sg. āre Wand
1.
ārās → ārı̄san.
ārǣd, adj. (past part. of ārǣdan) resolute. fem.
nom. sg. Wand 5.
āræfnan, wk. 1. tolerate. past part. āræfned.
ārǣran, wk. 1. raise. inf. Æth 26.
arc, masc. ark. dat. sg. arce.
arcebiscop, masc. archbishop. nom. sg. arcebisceop Ælf 5. acc. sg. arcebisceop Ælf 6,
8, 11.
ārfæstness, fem. honor, virtue, grace. nom. sg.
ārfæstnyss Æth 13. dat. sg. ārfæstnisse
Cæd 1.
ārı̄san, st. 1. arise. 3sg. ārı̄st. past 3sg. ārās
Cæd 6, 14. past pl. ārison. subj. past sg.
ārise Creed 7. inf. Cæd 39; Creed 10.
ārlēas, adj. dishonorable, base, impious. gen. pl.
ārlēasra. wk. masc. nom. sg. ārlēasa.
ārweorþian, wk. 2. honor. imp. sg. ārwurða.
3
ārweorþlı̄ce, adv. reverently. ārwurðlı̄ce Æth
24.
ārweorþness, fem. honor, reverence. dat. sg.
ārwurðnysse Ælf 19; Æth 24.
ārwurða → ārweorþian.
ārwurðlı̄ce → ārweorþlı̄ce.
āsāh → āsı̄gan.
asca → æsc.
āscēotan, st. 2. shoot, lance. inf. Æth 14.
geascian, wk. 2. find out. past 3sg. geascode
Cyn 4.
āsecgan, wk. 3. say, tell, express. inf. Wand 11.
āsendan, wk. 1. send. past 3sg. āsende Ælf 18.
āsettan, wk. 1. set, place. past pl. āsetton.
āsı̄gan, st. 1. sink, fall. past 3sg. āsāh Ælf 18.
āsingan, st. 3. sing to. past 3sg. āsong Cæd 19.
āsmēagan, wk. 2. consider, investigate, search.
pres. part. āsmēageanne. past part. āsmēade Ælf 8.
āsong → āsingan.
āspryttan, wk. 1. sprout, bring forth. 3sg. āsprȳt
Fall 18.
āstāg → āstı̄gan.
āstāh → āstı̄gan.
āstellan, wk. 1. supply, establish, institute. past
3sg. āstealde Æth 31.
āstı̄gan, st. 1. climb, ascend. past 3sg. āstāh,
āstāg. subj. past sg. āstige Creed 8.
āstingan, st. 3. put out. past pl. astungon.
āstyrian, wk. 2. stir, excite, anger. past part.
āstyred Ælf 15.
āswerian, wk. 6. swear. past part. āsworene
Ælf 20.
ātēon, st. 2. draw away. subj. past sg. ātuge
Cæd 26.
ātēorian, st. 2. fail, become weary. pl. ātēoriað.
atol, adj. terrible, hideous, grisly. wk. masc. acc.
sg. atolan.
ātuge → ātēon.
āþecgan, wk. 1. serve, feed, fig. kill. inf. Wulf 2,
7.
āwǣgan, st. 1. deceive, nullify. past part.
āwǣgede.
āweccan, wk. 1. awaken. past 3sg. āwehte Cæd
26.
āweg → onweg.
āwiergan, wk. 1. curse, damn. past part.
āwyrged, āwierged Fall 14, 17.
āwrāt → āwrı̄tan.
āwreccan, wk. 1. awake. past 3sg. āwrehte.
4
āwrēon, st. 1. uncover. past part. āwrigene.
āwrı̄tan, st. 1. write. past 3sg. āwrāt. past pl.
āwriton. inf. Æth 1. past part. āwryten
Æth 11.
āwyrged → āwiergan.
æcer, masc. field.
ǣdre, fem. vein, artery. nom. pl. ǣdran.
ǣfen, neut. evening. dat. sg. ǣfenne Cæd 30.
ǣfenlēoþ, neut. evening song.
ǣfest → ǣwfæst.
ǣfestan → ǣwfæst.
ǣfeste → ǣwfæst.
ǣfestnisse, fem. piety. dat. sg. ǣfestnisse,
ǣfestnesse Cæd 1, 4.
ǣfre, adv. ever, always. Æth 8; Creed 11.
æfter, adv. afterwards. Cæd 13.
prep. (usually with dat., sometimes with
acc.) after, on account of, for the sake of, according to. Æth 17, 18; Cæd 1, 3; Wand 50;
Creed 8.
æfter þām þe, conj. after. æfter ðām þe, æfter
ðǣm þe Oros 1.
ǣg, neut. es/os-stem. egg.
ǣghwider, adv. in all directions. ǣghweder Ælf
4.
ǣgþer, pron. both.
ǣgþer ge, conj. both. Fall 5.
Ægypta → Egypte.
ǣlc, adj. each, every. neut. dat. sg. ǣlcon,
ǣlcum Fall 1. masc. inst. sg. ǣlce.
ælda → ielde.
ælmesse, fem. alms, charity. acc. pl. ælmyssan
Æth 30.
ælmihtig, adj. almighty. masc. nom. sg. Æth 4;
Cæd 13. masc. acc. sg. ælmihtigne Creed 1.
wk. masc. nom. sg. ælmihtiga Æth 4, 8.
ælmyssan → ælmesse.
ænde → ende.
ǣnig, adj. any. masc. nom. sg. Creed 11.
masc. acc. sg. ǣnigne Æth 27. fem. acc.
sg. ǣnige. masc. dat. sg. ǣnigum Ælf 7.
indef. pron. any. neut. acc. sg. Cæd 32.
ǣnne → ān.
ǣr, adv. before, formerly, early. Ælf 5, 9, 10, 20;
Æth 8, 12, 17, 23; Cæd 28, 32, etc. superl.
ǣrest Ælf 10; Cæd 13, 24.
prep. before (in time).
conj. before. Cyn 4; Wand 64, 69.
ǣr þām þe, conj. before.
ærcebiscop, masc. archbishop. nom. sg. ærce-
Old English Aerobics
biscep.
ǣrdæg, masc. early day. dat. sg. ǣrdæge.
ǣrest, adj. first. wk. fem. nom. sg. superl.
ǣreste Cæd 24.
adv. first. Æth 11, 27.
ǣrgōd, adj. old and good.
ǣs, neut. food, bait, carrion. gen. sg. ǣses.
æsc, masc. ash-tree, ash-wood, spear. gen. pl.
asca Wand 99.
æt, adv. near. Cæd 7.
prep. (with dat. or acc.) at, from, by, with
respect to. Ælf 5; Æth 25; Cæd 23, 29; Cyn
2, 16; Wand 111.
ǣt, masc. food, meal. gen. sg. ǣtes. dat. sg.
ǣte.
geǣt → (ge)etan.
ǣt → (ge)etan.
ætberan, st. 4. carry (to a place). past pl.
ætbǣron.
ǣte → (ge)etan.
ætēowed → ætı̄ewan.
ætforan, prep. before, in front of.
ætgædere, adv. together. ætgædere, ætgædre
Cæd 32; Wand 39.
æthrı̄nan, st. 1. touch. past 3sg. æthrān.
ætı̄ewan, wk. 1. show, reveal to. past 3sg.
ætȳwde. past part. ætēowed.
ǣton → (ge)etan.
ætsamne, adv. together. ætsomne Cæd 29.
ǣtt → (ge)etan.
ætȳwde → ætı̄ewan.
æþel, adj. noble. wk. masc. nom. sg. æðela.
wk. masc. gen. sg. æðelan.
æþeling, masc. prince, nobleman. nom. sg. Cyn
8. acc. sg. Cyn 3, 5, 10, 15. gen. sg.
æþelinges Cyn 16.
ǣwfæst, adj. pious. masc. nom. sg. ǣfest Cæd
26. neut. acc. pl. ǣfeste Cæd 3. wk. fem.
acc. sg. ǣfestan Cæd 4.
æx, fem. ax. gen. sg. æxe Ælf 18.
bacan, st. 6. bake.
bān, neut. bone. acc. pl. Æth 18, 20. dat. pl.
bānum Ælf 17.
bana, masc. killer. acc. sg. banan Cyn 12. gen.
pl. banena.
bāt, masc. boat.
baþian, wk. 2. bathe. inf. Æth 11; Wand 47.
bæc, neut. back.
bæd → biddan.
gebæd → gebiddan.
Glossary
bǣde → biddan.
bǣdon → biddan.
gebǣre, neut. conduct, gesture, cry. dat. pl.
gebǣrum Cyn 7.
gebǣre → (ge)beran.
bǣron → (ge)beran.
be, prep. (with dat.) by, along, about, with. be,
bi Æth 1, 11, 27, 29, 31; Cæd 6, 7, 24, 25;
Wand 80, etc.
be sūþan, prep. to the south of. Ælf 2.
be þām þe, conj. as. Fall 6.
gebēad → (ge)bēodan.
beadolēoma, masc. battle-light, sword.
beaducāf, adj.
battle-quick,
battle-strong,
battle-bold. wk. masc. nom. sg. beaducāfa
Wulf 11.
beaduweorc, neut. work of battle. gen. pl.
beaduweorca.
bēag, masc. ring.
Bēamflēot, masc. Benfleet. dat. sg. Bēamflēote.
bearn, neut. child. dat. pl. bearnum Cæd 13.
bearn → beirnan.
Bearrucscı̄r, fem. Berkshire. acc. sg. Bearrocscı̄re Ælf 2.
beæftan, prep. (with dat.) behind. Cyn 9, 10.
bebēodan, st. 2. command, commend. past 1sg.
bebēad Fall 11, 17. past 3sg. bibēad,
bebēad Cæd 31; Fall 3. past pl. bebudon
Cæd 18. pres. part. bebēodende Cæd 44.
past part. beboden Cæd 7, 19.
bebod, neut. command. acc. sg. Oros 2.
beboden → bebēodan.
bebudon → bebēodan.
bebyrgan, wk. 1. bury. past 3sg. bebyrigde,
bebyrgde Creed 5. past pl. bebyrigdon Ælf
19. past part. bebyrged Æth 16.
bēc → bōc.
becierran, wk. 1. turn, pass by, pervert, betray.
past 3sg. becyrde Ælf 5.
becuman, st. 4. come. past 3sg. becwōm,
becōm Cæd 43.
becyrde → becierran.
gebed, neut. prayer. acc. sg. Bene 6. acc. pl.
gebedu Æth 11. dat. pl. gebedum Bene 5.
Bedanfordscı̄r, fem. Bedfordshire. acc. sg.
Bedefordscı̄re Ælf 2.
bedǣlan, wk. 1. deprive, separate, bereave. past
part. bidǣled, bedǣled Wand 20.
bedd, neut. bed. gen. sg. beddes.
5
gebedde, fem. bedmate, wife. acc. sg. gebeddan
Æth 7.
Bedefordscı̄re → Bedanfordscı̄r.
bedrēosan, st. 2. deprive. past part. bidrorene
Wand 79.
bedrı̄fan, st. 1. drive. past part. bedrifen.
beēode → begān.
befeallan, st. 7. fall, befall, bereave of. subj. sg.
befealle.
befēran, wk. 1. overtake. past 3sg. befērde.
beforan, prep. (with dat. or acc.) before, in
front of. biforan, beforan Wand 46.
befrı̄nan, st. 1. question. past 3sg. befrān.
begān, anom. verb. traverse, surround, cultivate, practice, worship. past 3sg. beēode Cyn
4.
begēaton → begietan.
bēgen, pron. both. gen. pl. bēgra Fall 7.
begēotan, st. 2. pour over, infuse. past part. begoten.
begietan, st. 5. acquire. past pl. begēaton.
begoten → begēotan.
behātan, st. 7. promise. past 1sg. behēt. past
3sg. behēt Æth 8. past pl. behēton Ælf 1,
21. subj. past sg. behēte Æth 7. inf. Ælf
15.
behrēosan, st. 2. fall upon, cover. past part.
bihrorene Wand 77.
behȳdan, wk. 1. hide. 1sg. behȳde Fall 10. past
3sg. behȳdde Fall 8.
beirnan, st. 3. run into, occur to. past 3sg.
bearn.
belecgan, wk. 1. surround, afflict. past 3sg. bilegde Wulf 11.
(ge)belgan, st. 3. enrage. past part. gebolgen.
belimpan, st. 3. regard, conduce, happen. past
pl. belumpon Cæd 4. subj. past pl.
belumpen Cæd 1.
belūcan, wk. 2. lock. past part. belocen Cyn
10.
belumpen → belimpan.
belumpon → belimpan.
benam → beniman.
benǣman, wk. 1. deprive someone (acc.) of
something (gen. or dat.).
benc, fem. bench.
beniman, st. 4. take, deprive someone (acc.) of
something (gen.). past 3sg. benam Cyn 1.
benn, fem. wound. nom. pl. benne Wand 49.
(ge)bēodan, st. 2. command, proclaim, offer.
6
1sg. bēode. past 3sg. gebēad Cyn 8, 11.
past pl. budon Cyn 13. inf. bēodon Ælf 3.
past part. geboden Cyn 13.
beodan → (ge)bı̄dan.
bēodgenēat, masc.
table-retainer, retainer
who sits at his lord’s table. nom. pl.
bēodgenēatas.
bēon, anom. verb. be. 1sg. eom, bēo Æth 13;
Cæd 37; Fall 10. 2sg. eart, bist Cæd 33;
Fall 9, 14, 16, 19. 3sg. is, bið, ys, byð Æth
4, 11, 13, 26, 31; Cæd 11, 24, 33, 45; Fall
3, 17; Wand 5, 12, 30, 50, 55, 73, 106, 108,
109, 112, 114; Wulf 1, 3, 4, 5, 8; Weeks 4.
pl. synd, bēo, bēoð, sindon, synt, syndon
Æth 18, 31; Fall 2, 4, 5; Wand 49, 93; Wulf
6; Weeks 1, 3, 1, 3. past 2sg. wǣre Fall 19.
past 3sg. wæs, was Ælf 7, 9, 13, 14, 16, 17,
20; Æth 1, 7, 12, 14, 16, 17, 22, 23, 25, 26,
27, 29; Cæd 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 15, 17, 19, 26,
27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 38, 43; Cyn 3, 8, 9, 15,
19; Fall 1, 6; Wulf 10, 12, 18; Oros 1, 2,
4; Bene 5. past pl. wǣron, wǣrun, wǣran
Ælf 7, 14, 16, 20; Æth 11, 23, 27, 30; Cæd
2, 23, 29, 32, 36; Cyn 4, 6, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14,
15; Fall 7; Oros 2, 3. subj. sg. sȳ, bēo, sı̄e,
sı̄ Æth 1, 13, 26. subj. pl. sȳn. subj. past
sg. wǣre Æth 10, 11, 25; Cæd 16, 17, 31,
36, 39, 45; Cyn 13; Fall 11; Wand 96; Bene
3. imp. pl. bēoð. inf. Bene 4. infl. inf. tō
bēonne.
negated. 3sg. nis Cæd 40; Wand 9. past
3sg. næs Oros 4. subj. past sg. nǣre Cyn
12.
bēor, neut. beer. gen. sg. bēores.
beorg, masc. mountain, hill. dat. pl. beorgum.
beorht, adj. bright. fem. nom. sg. Wand 94.
masc. acc. pl. beorhte.
beorhtness, fem. brightness. nom. sg. beorhtnes.
Beorhtwald, masc. Beorhtwald.
beorn, masc. man, warrior. nom. sg. Wand 70,
113. acc. pl. beornas.
gebēorscipe, masc. lit. beer-company, banquet.
gen. sg. gebēorscipes Cæd 7. dat. sg. Cæd
6, 8.
bēot, neut. vow, boast. acc. sg. Wand 70.
bepǣcan, wk. 1. deceive. past 3sg. bepǣhte Fall
13.
berād → berı̄dan.
(ge)beran, st. 4. bear, carry, bring, give birth to.
Old English Aerobics
3sg. bireð Wulf 17. past pl. bǣron Æth
24. subj. past sg. gebǣre Creed 3. imp. pl.
berað Cæd 34. inf. beran Æth 18.
Beranburg, fem. athematic. Barbury Camp.
dat. sg. Beranbyrg.
berı̄dan, st. 1. overtake, surround. past 3sg.
berād Cyn 4.
besmı̄tan, st. 1. soil, defile. subj. sg. besmı̄te.
bestēman, wk. 1. drench. past part. bestēmed.
beswicen, adj. deceived. masc. nom. pl. beswicene.
bētan, wk. 1. amend, make amends, atone. subj.
sg. bēte.
betǣcan, wk. 1. commend. past 3sg. betǣhte.
beteran → gōd.
betere → gōd.
betonice, fem. betony. acc. sg. betonican.
betst → gōd.
betstan → gōd.
betweox, prep. (with dat. or acc.) among, between. betweox, betwux Ælf 5; Æth 16;
Fall 14, 15.
betȳnan, wk. 1. enclose, close, end, conclude.
past 3sg. betȳnde Cæd 27, 44.
beþencan, wk. 1. consider. past pl. beðōhton.
bewāwan, st. 7. blow upon. past part. biwāune
Wand 76.
beweorpan, st. 3. surround. past part. biworpen Wulf 5.
bewestan, prep. to the west of.
bewindan, st. 3. wind about, wrap, grasp. past
pl. bewundon Æth 24. past part. bewunden Æth 23, 27.
bewrēon, st. 1. cover, hide. past 1sg. biwrāh
Wand 23.
bewunden → bewindan.
bewundon → bewindan.
bi → be.
bibēad → bebēodan.
(ge)bı̄dan, st. 1. (with acc. or gen. object) wait,
wait for, experience. 3sg. gebı̄deð Wand 1.
past pl. beodan. inf. bı̄dan, gebı̄dan Cæd
41; Wand 70.
bidǣled → bedǣlan.
biddan, st. 5. ask, ask for (with gen.). 1sg.
bidde. past 3sg. bæd Æth 9, 16; Cæd 30.
past pl. bǣdon Cæd 36; Bene 5. subj. past
sg. bǣde Cæd 31.
gebiddan, st. 5. ask, entreat, pray (often with
dat. or acc. reflexive). past 3sg. gebæd Cæd
Glossary
42.
bidrorene → bedrēosan.
bı̄egan, wk. 1. bend.
biernan, st. 3. burn. pres. part. byrnendum
Creed 11.
biforan → beforan.
bigspel → bı̄spell.
bihrorene → behrēosan.
bilegde → belecgan.
bilewit, adj. innocent, pure, honest. fem. dat. sg.
bilwitre Cæd 43.
gebind, neut. binding, freezing. acc. sg. Wand
24, 57.
(ge)bindan, st. 3. bind. 3sg. bindeð Wand 102.
pl. bindað, gebindað Wand 18, 40. subj.
sg. binde Wand 13. inf. bindan. past part.
gebunden.
binn, fem. bin, crib, manger. dat. sg. binne.
binnan, prep. (with dat. or acc.) within, in,
into. Fall 1.
bireð → (ge)beran.
bisceopscı̄re → biscopscı̄r.
biscepdōm, masc. bishopric. dat. sg. biscepdōme.
biscop, masc. bishop. nom. sg. bisceop, biscop,
biscep Æth 7, 10. acc. sg. bisceop Ælf 6,
15, 17. gen. sg. biscopes. dat. sg. biscepe,
bisceope. nom. pl. bisceopas Ælf 19.
biscophād, masc. bishopric. dat. sg. biscophāde.
biscopscı̄r, fem. bishopric. acc. sg. bisceopscı̄re.
bisen, fem. example. nom. pl. bysna Æth 31.
gebisenung, fem. example. dat. pl. gebysnungum Æth 10.
bismerian, wk. 2. revile, mock, put to shame.
past pl. bysmeredon.
bismorlı̄ce, adv. shamefully, irreverently. bysmorlı̄ce Ælf 17.
bı̄spell, neut. example, proverb, story, parable.
acc. sg. bigspel.
bist → bēon.
bı̄tan, st. 1. bite.
bið → bēon.
biwāune → bewāwan.
biworpen → beweorpan.
biwrāh → bewrēon.
blāwung, fem. blowing. acc. sg. blāwunge.
blǣcern, neut. lantern.
blǣd, masc. blowing, breath, spirit, life, glory,
7
prosperity. nom. sg. Wand 33.
blēo, neut. color. gen. sg. blēos Æth 19.
(ge)bletsian, wk. 2. bless. past 3sg. bletsode.
past part. gebletsod.
bletsung, fem. blessing. acc. sg. bletsunge Bene
6.
blind, adj. blind. gen. pl. blindra. wk. masc.
acc. sg. blindan.
bliss, fem. bliss, merriment. nom. sg. blis Ælf
10. acc. sg. blisse Ælf 10. gen. sg. blisse
Cæd 6.
blissian, wk. 2. rejoice. pres. part. blyssigende
Æth 24.
blı̄þe, adj. happy, friendly. masc. nom. sg. Cæd
36. neut. acc. pl. Cæd 35.
adv. joyfully.
blı̄þelı̄cor → blȳþelice.
blı̄þemōd, adj. happy, friendly. masc. nom. sg.
Cæd 37. masc. nom. pl. blı̄ðemōde Cæd
36.
blōd, neut. blood. nom. sg. Ælf 18. dat. sg.
blōde.
blondenfeax, adj. with mixed hair, gray-haired.
blyssigende → blissian.
blȳþelice, adv. joyfully. Æth 20. compar.
blı̄þelı̄cor.
bōc, fem. athematic. book. nom. sg. booc Cæd
24. acc. sg. Æth 8. dat. sg. bēc Æth 27.
nom. pl. bēc Æth 28, 30. gen. pl. bōca Cæd
24. dat. pl. bōcum Æth 31.
bōcere, masc. writer, scholar. gen. sg. bōceres.
nom. pl. bōceras. acc. pl. bōceras Cæd 1.
geboden → (ge)bēodan.
bodian, wk. 2. announce, proclaim, preach. 1sg.
bodie.
bōg, masc. arm. dat. pl. bōgum Wulf 11.
bōgian, wk. 2. dwell, inhabit.
bolca, masc. gangway. acc. sg. bolcan.
gebolgen → (ge)belgan.
bolster, masc. cushion. dat. sg. bolstre Cæd
42.
booc → bōc.
bord, neut. board, shield.
geboren, adj. born.
bōt, fem. help, remedy, compensation, atonement, penance. acc. sg. bōte Wand 113.
brād, adj. broad. fem. nom. pl. brāde.
bræc → brecan.
brǣd, fem. breadth.
brǣdan, wk. 1. broaden, spread. inf. Wand 47.
8
gebrǣdan, wk. 1. roast. past part. gebrǣd.
brǣdu, fem. breadth.
brēac → brūcan.
breahtm, masc. noise, revelry. gen. pl.
breahtma Wand 86.
brecan, st. 5. break, with fyrwit as subject,
torment someone with curiosity. past 3sg.
bræc.
bregdan, st. 3. pull, shake, draw a sword.
brēmel, masc. bramble, brier. acc. pl. brēmelas
Fall 18.
brengan, wk. 1. bring.
brēost, neut. breast. dat. sg. brēoste Fall 14.
dat. pl. brēostum Wand 113.
brēostcofa, masc. breast-chamber. dat. sg.
brēostcofan Wand 18.
Bret, masc. Briton. acc. pl. Brettas.
Bretenlond, neut. Britain.
Brettisc, adj. British. masc. acc. sg. Brettiscne.
masc. dat. sg. Bryttiscum Cyn 8.
Bretwēalas, masc. the British. dat. pl. Bretwālum Cyn 3.
brēðer → brōþor.
brimfugol, masc. sea-bird. acc. pl. brimfuglas
Wand 47.
(ge)bringan, wk. 1. bring. 3sg. bringeð Wand
54. past 3sg. brōhte. past pl. gebrōhton,
brōhton Æth 20. past part. brōht Ælf 16.
gebrocod, adj. afflicted. masc. nom. pl. gebrocode.
brōht → (ge)bringan.
brōhte → (ge)bringan.
gebrōhton → (ge)bringan.
brōhton → (ge)bringan.
brōþor, masc. r-stem. brother. nom. sg. brōðor, brōþur, brōþer Cæd 1; Cyn 3. dat. sg.
brēðer. nom. pl. brōðor, brōðru Cæd 37,
39; Bene 5.
gebrōþor, masc. (pl., often with neut. ending) brothers, monks. nom. pl. gebrōðra,
gebrōðru Æth 20; Bene 1. acc. pl.
gebrōðra Æth 18.
brūcan, st. 2. (usually with gen. object, sometimes with acc.) enjoy, use, benefit from, eat.
2sg. brȳcst Fall 19. past 2sg. bruce. past
3sg. brēac Wand 44. past pl. brucon. subj.
past sg. bruce Æth 7.
brūnfāg, adj. with shiny ornaments. masc. acc.
sg. brūnfāgne.
brycg, fem. bridge. nom. pl. brycga.
Old English Aerobics
brȳcst → brūcan.
brȳd, fem. bride.
brȳdbūr, neut. bridal chamber. dat. sg. brȳdbūre.
brȳdguma, masc. bridegroom. acc. sg. brȳdguman.
bryne, masc. burning. nom. sg. Æth 13.
brytta, masc. giver. acc. sg. bryttan Wand 25.
Bryttas, masc. Britons.
Bryttiscum → Brettisc.
būc, masc. vessel, container. gen. pl. būca.
Buccingahāmscı̄r, fem. Buckinghamshire. acc.
sg. Buccingahāmscı̄re Ælf 2.
budon → (ge)bēodan.
bufan, adv. above. Æth 21.
prep. (with dat. or acc.) above. Æth 19,
20.
būgan, st. 2. bow, bend, turn, submit. past pl.
bugon Ælf 21.
gebunden → (ge)bindan.
bune, fem. cup. nom. sg. Wand 94.
būr, masc. chamber, cottage. acc. sg. Cyn 4.
burg, fem. athematic. fortified place, fortress,
town. acc. sg. buruh Ælf 8. gen. sg. byrg.
dat. sg. byrig Ælf 7, 10; Cyn 10. acc. pl.
burga.
burgwaru, fem. (usually pl.; with collective
sense in sg) populace, town-dwellers. nom.
sg. buruhwaru Ælf 19. gen. pl. burgwara
Wand 86.
būtan, prep. (usually with dat.) without, except
for. būtan, būton Æth 30; Cæd 35; Cyn 1,
8, 15; Oros 4.
conj. unless, except. būtan, būton Æth
11.
būtū, pron. both. masc. nom. pl. būta Æth 30.
byre, masc. son, young man.
byrg → burg.
byrgen, fem. grave. acc. sg. byrgene Æth 20,
21. dat. sg. byrgene Æth 18, 26. dat. pl.
byrgenum.
byrig → burg.
byrne, fem. corslet. acc. sg. byrnan.
byrnendum → biernan.
byrnwiga, masc. warrior in mail. nom. sg.
Wand 94.
bysmeredon → bismerian.
bysmorlı̄ce → bismorlı̄ce.
bysna → bisen.
gebysnungum → gebisenung.
Glossary
byð → bēon.
calde → ceald.
caldum → ceald.
camb, masc. comb.
camp, masc. battle. dat. sg. campe.
campstede, masc. battlefield.
canōn, masc. canon. gen. sg. canōnes Cæd 24.
Cantwaraburh, fem. athematic. Canterbury.
acc. sg. Cantwareburuh Ælf 5. dat. sg.
Cantwarebyrig Æth 17.
carcern, neut. prison. gen. sg. carcernes.
carlēas, adj. without cares, reckless. wk. neut.
nom. pl. carlēasan.
cāsere, masc. Caesar, emperor. nom. sg. Oros
1.
cǣg, fem. key.
ceaf, neut. chaff. dat. sg. ceafe.
ceald, neut. cold. dat. sg. calde.
adj. cold. dat. pl. caldum.
cealf, neut. es/os-stem. calf.
cēap, masc. bargain, merchandise. dat. sg.
cēape.
cearful, adj. full of care, miserable. gen. pl. cearfulra.
cearu, fem. care, sorrow. nom. sg. cearo Wand
55. acc. sg. ceare Wand 9. nom. pl. ceare.
gecēas → gecēosan.
ceaster, fem. fortress, town. dat. sg. ceastre.
cempa, masc. warrior, soldier. nom. pl. cempan.
cende → cennan.
cēne, adj. brave. gen. pl. cēnra.
cennan, wk. 1. conceive, give birth to, produce.
past 3sg. cende. past part. cenned.
Centingas, masc. the people of Kent. acc. pl.
Kentingas Ælf 2.
ceorl, masc. peasant, freeman. gen. sg. ceorles.
gecēosan, st. 2. choose, decide. past 3sg. gecēas.
past part. gecoren Cæd 16. past part. pl.
gecorenum Æth 8.
cı̄dan, wk. 1. quarrel, chide.
cierm, masc. uproar. nom. sg. cyrm, cirm.
gecierran, wk. 1. turn, change, return, go. past
3sg. gecyrde.
gecı̄gan, wk. 1. call. past part. gecı̄ged.
cild, neut. child. dat. sg. cilde. acc. pl. Fall 16.
dat. pl. cildum.
cinnbān, neut. chin bone, jawbone. dat. sg.
cynnbāne Æth 12.
cirice, fem. church. dat. sg. cyrcan Æth 18, 24.
9
cirm → cierm.
cist, fem. chest, coffin. nom. sg. cyst Æth 27.
dat. sg. cyste Æth 16, 22.
clamm, masc. bond, fetter. dat. pl. clommum.
clǣne, adj. clean, chaste, innocent, of land open.
neut. nom. sg. Cæd 22; Creed 3. dat. pl.
clǣnum.
clǣnness, fem. cleanness, chastity. acc. sg.
clǣnnysse, clǣnnesse Æth 28, 31. dat. sg.
clǣnnysse Æth 4, 29, 31.
clipian, wk. 2. call. 3sg. clypað. past 3sg.
clypode, clipode Fall 9. past pl. cleopedon.
imp. sg. clypa. inf. clypian, cleopian.
clipiend, masc. one who calls. gen. sg. clipiendes.
clommum → clamm.
clyp- → clipian.
clyppan, wk. 1. embrace, honor, cherish. subj.
sg. clyppe Wand 42. inf. Cæd 20.
cnapa, masc. youth, boy.
cnēow, neut. knee. dat. sg. cnēo Wand 42.
cniht, masc. young man, boy, warrior.
cnyssan, wk. 1. press, strike, crash against, beat,
oppress. pl. cnyssað Wand 101.
collenferþ, adj. proud, stout-hearted, bold.
masc. nom. sg. Wand 71.
cōm- → cuman.
con → cunnan.
gecoren → gecēosan.
gecorenum → gecēosan.
cræft, masc. strength, skill, trade.
crēopan, creep.
gecringan, st. 3. fall, die. past 3sg. gecrong
Wand 79.
Cristen, adj. Christian. masc. nom. sg. Æth 2.
wk. masc. nom. pl. cristenan Creed 12.
Cristendōm, masc. Christendom. nom. sg. Ælf
10. gen. sg. Cristendōmes Ælf 9.
gecrong → gecringan.
cuǣdon → cweþan.
cucene → cwic.
cuman, st. 4. come. 3sg. cymeð, cymð Wand
103; Wulf 2, 7; Creed 9, 11. past 3sg. cōm,
cwōm, cuōm Ælf 10, 12; Cæd 15, 19; Fall
8; Wand 92, 93; Bene 6; Creed 2. past pl.
cōmon Ælf 5; Æth 30. subj. past sg. cōme
Bene 5. imp. sg. cum. past part. cumen
Cæd 16. past part. pl. cumene.
cumbolgehnāst, neut. clash of banners. gen. sg.
cumbolgehnāstes.
10
cunnan, pret. pres. know, know how to, be able
to, can. 1sg. con Cæd 8. past 1sg. cūðe Cæd
8. subj. sg. cunne Wand 69, 71, 113. past
part. cūþ.
cunnian, wk. 2. find out, investigate, experience.
3sg. cunnað Wand 29.
cuōm → cuman.
cūþ, adj. (past part. of cunnan) known, familiar. gen. pl. cūðra Wand 55.
cūþ → cunnan.
cūðe → cunnan.
cwǣdon → cweþan.
cwæð → cweþan.
cweartern, neut. prison. dat. sg. cwearterne.
cweccan, wk. 1. shake.
gecweden → cweþan.
cwelan, st. 4. die. 3sg. cwelð. pl. cwelað.
cwellan, wk. 1. kill.
cwellere, masc. executioner. nom. pl. cwelleras.
cwēman, wk. 1. (with gen. object) please, be
obedient to. past pl. gecwēmdon Creed 12.
cwēn, fem. queen. nom. sg. Æth 17. gen. sg.
cwēne. dat. sg. cwēne.
cweþan, st. 5. say, call. past 3sg. cwæð Æth 8,
13; Cæd 8, 9, 10, 31, 34, 37, 41; Fall 1, 4,
9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 17; Wand 6, 111.
past pl. cwǣdon, cuǣdon Æth 14; Cæd 33,
36; Cyn 12, 13, 14. imp. sg. cweð. pres.
part. cweþende. past part. gecweden.
cwic, adj. alive. masc. acc. sg. cucene. gen. pl.
cwicra Wand 9.
cwide, masc. saying.
cwidegiedd, neut. speech, song. gen. pl. cwidegiedda Wand 55.
cwı̄þan, st. 1. lament, bewail. inf. Wand 9.
cwōm → cuman.
cwyldrōf, adj. slaughter-bold, bold in battle.
cȳdde → (ge)cȳþan.
cyme, masc. coming, advent. dat. sg. Cæd 24.
cymeð → cuman.
cymð → cuman.
gecynd, neut. origin, kind, species. gen. sg.
gecyndes.
cyning, masc. king. nom. sg. cyning, cynincg
Ælf 1; Æth 2, 7, 10; Cyn 5, 9, 10. acc.
sg. cynincg, cyning Æth 9; Cyn 4, 6, 17.
gen. sg. cynges, cynincges, cyninges Ælf 6;
Æth 5; Cyn 7, 9. dat. sg. cynge, cynincge,
kyninge, cyninge Ælf 21; Æth 5; Cyn 4, 13,
Old English Aerobics
14. nom. pl. cyningas. gen. pl. cyninga.
cynn, neut. kind, species, family, people, nation.
dat. sg. cynne.
cynnbāne → cinnbān.
cyrcan → cirice.
gecyrde → gecierran.
cyrm → cierm.
cyssan, wk. 1. kiss. subj. sg. cysse Wand 42.
cyst → cist.
cyste → cist.
(ge)cȳþan, wk. 1. make known. pl. cȳðaþ Æth
5. past 3sg. cȳdde, cȳðde Æth 2; Cæd 15.
past pl. cȳþdon Cyn 11.
gecȳðed → ācȳþan.
gedafenian, wk. 2. befit. past 3sg. gedeofanade
Cæd 4.
dag- → dæg.
datarum, masc. (Latin gen. pl. used as dat. sg.)
date. dat. pl. Ælf 13.
dǣd, fem. deed. acc. pl. dǣda. gen. pl. dǣda
Cæd 26. dat. pl. dǣdum Cyn 1.
dæg, masc. day. acc. sg. Æth 26; Fall 8; Creed
9. gen. sg. dæges. dat. sg. dæge Æth 16;
Cæd 24; Fall 5. inst. sg. dæge Bene 1. acc.
pl. dagas. gen. pl. daga Cyn 18. dat. pl.
dagum Æth 8; Cæd 28; Fall 14, 17.
dægrǣd, neut. dawn.
dǣl, masc. part, share. acc. sg. Æth 27; Wand
65.
gedǣlan, wk. 1. divide, share, distribute, dispense, part. pl. gedǣlað. past 3sg. gedǣlde
Wand 83.
dēad, adj. dead. masc. nom. pl. dēade Fall 4;
Creed 10.
dēaf, adj. deaf.
dēaþ, masc. death. dat. sg. dēaðe Wand 83;
Creed 5, 7, 10. inst. sg. dēaðe Cæd 43.
dēawigfeþere, adj. dewy-feathered.
dehter → dohtor.
gedēman, wk. 1. judge. past part. gedēmed
Cæd 6.
Denisc, adj. Danish. wk. masc. nom. pl.
Deniscan.
gedeofanade → gedafenian.
dēofol, masc. (often neut. in pl.) devil, demon.
gen. sg. dēofles. nom. pl. dēoflu. dat. pl.
dēoflum Creed 11.
dēop, adj. deep.
dēope, adv. deeply. Wand 89.
dēor, neut. animal.
Glossary
deorc, adj. dark. neut. acc. sg. deorce Wand
89. dat. pl. deorcum.
gedeorfan, st. 3. labor, perish, be shipwrecked.
past pl. gedurfon.
derian, wk. 1. harm.
dēð → (ge)dōn.
dı̄acon, masc. deacon. nom. pl. dı̄aconas.
dōgor, masc. day. gen. pl. dōgra Wand 63.
dohtor, fem. r-stem. daughter. dat. sg. dehter.
dat. pl. dohtrum.
dolg, masc. wound. nom. sg. dolh Æth 16.
dōm, masc. judgment, glory. acc. sg. Cyn 11;
Creed 10. gen. sg. dōmes Cæd 24; Creed
9. dat. sg. dōme Cæd 16; Creed 9. dat. pl.
dōmum Cæd 25.
dōmgeorn, adj. eager for glory. masc. nom. pl.
dōmgeorne Wand 17.
(ge)dōn, anom. verb. do, take, put, bring about,
cause to be. 3sg. dēð. past 2sg. dydest Fall
13, 14. past 3sg. dyde Æth 15; Cæd 7, 31;
Fall 8; Bene 6. past pl. gedydon Wulf 14.
inf. dōn, gedōn Æth 4, 8, 18; Cæd 3, 27.
past part. gedōn Ælf 4.
dorste → durran.
draca, masc. dragon. acc. sg. dracan. nom. pl.
dracan.
drāf → drı̄fan.
dranc → drincan.
drēam, masc. joy, mirth, music. dat. sg. drēame
Wand 79.
gedrēas → (ge)drēosan.
dreccan, wk. 1. vex, afflict, oppress, ravage. past
pl. drehton.
drēogan, st. 2. perform, experience, endure. past
pl. drugon.
drēorig, adj. bloody, cruel, sorrowful. masc. acc.
sg. drēorigne Wand 17.
drēorighlēor, adj. sad-faced. masc. nom. sg.
Wand 83.
(ge)drēosan, st. 2. fall, perish, fail. 3sg. drēoseð
Wand 63. past 3sg. gedrēas Wand 36.
drı̄fan, st. 1. drive. 1sg. drı̄fe. 2sg. drı̄fst. 3sg.
drı̄fð. pl. drı̄fað. past 2sg. drife. past 3sg.
drāf. past pl. drifon.
Drihten, masc. Lord, the Lord. nom. sg. Cæd
12, 13. gen. sg. Drihtnes, dryhtnes Æth
30. dat. sg. drihtne Cæd 17, 43.
drihtnē, masc. corpse. dat. pl. drihtnēum.
drincan, st. 3. drink. past 3sg. dranc. past pl.
druncon.
11
drı̄um → drȳge.
drohtnian, wk. 2. pass life, live, behave. past 3sg.
drohtnode Æth 11. past pl. drohtnodon
Æth 31.
drohtnung, fem. way of life, condition. dat. sg.
drohtnunge Æth 9, 30.
drugon → drēogan.
druncen, adj. drunk. masc. nom. pl. druncene
Ælf 16.
druncon → drincan.
drȳge, adj. dry. dat. pl. drı̄um.
Dryhten, masc. the Lord, God.
dryhtnes → Drihten.
duguþ, fem. body of experienced retainers, army.
nom. sg. Wand 79. gen. sg. duguþe Wand
97.
dumb, adj. dumb.
dūnland, neut. hilly land. dat. pl. dūnlandum.
gedurfon → gedeorfan.
durran, pret. pres. dare. past 1sg. dorste. subj.
sg. durre Wand 10.
duru, fem. u-stem. door. acc. sg. Cyn 5.
dūst, neut. dust. nom. sg. Fall 19. dat. sg.
dūste Fall 19.
dweorh, masc. dwarf.
dyd- → (ge)dōn.
gedydon → (ge)dōn.
dynt, masc. blow. dat. sg. dynte Ælf 18.
ēa, fem. river. nom. pl. ēan.
ēac, adv. also. Ælf 16; Æth 19, 23, 25, 27, 28;
Cæd 3, 25, 43, 44, etc.
prep. in addition to.
geēacnung, fem. child-bearing. acc. pl. geēacnunga Fall 16.
ēadig, adj. wealthy, prosperous, happy, blessed.
masc. nom. pl. ēadige. wk. fem. nom. sg.
ēadige.
ēage, neut. eye. nom. pl. ēagan Fall 5, 7. acc.
pl. ēagan. dat. pl. ēagum Fall 6.
eahta, card. num. noun. eight. ehta, eahta Ælf
14; Weeks 1.
eahtoþa, ord. num. adj. eighth. wk. neut. dat.
sg. eahteoðan Æth 12.
ēalā, interj. oh, alas. Wand 94, 95.
eald, adj. old, ancient, senior. neut. nom. pl.
Wand 87. dat. pl. ealdum Æth 8. wk.
masc. nom. sg. ealda Bene 4. wk. masc.
nom. pl. ealdan. wk. masc. nom. pl. superl.
yldestan Ælf 12.
ealdor (1), masc. leader, lord.
12
ealdor (2), neut. life, age, old age. dat. sg. aldre,
ealdre.
ealdorman, masc. athematic. ruler, chief, overseer, nobleman. nom. sg. ealdorman, ealdormon, aldormon Ælf 12; Æth 5; Cæd 15;
Cyn 10. acc. sg. aldormon Cyn 1, 2. gen.
sg. aldormonnes Cyn 15. dat. sg. ealdormenn, ealdormen Æth 3.
ealdre → ealdor (2).
eall, adj. all, each. masc. nom. sg. Æth 2. fem.
nom. sg. eal Wand 79, 115. neut. nom.
sg. eal, eall Ælf 14; Wand 106, 110. masc.
acc. sg. ealne. fem. acc. sg. ealle Ælf 8;
Cæd 28. neut. acc. sg. eall, eal Æth 4; Cæd
24; Creed 6. fem. gen. sg. ealre Wand 74.
neut. gen. sg. ealles Creed 2. masc. dat. sg.
eallum Cæd 35. fem. dat. sg. ealre Ælf 19.
neut. dat. sg. eallum Ælf 4; Cæd 26. masc.
nom. pl. ealle, alle Ælf 12; Æth 21; Cæd 6,
35, 36; Cyn 6, 8; Oros 3; Creed 10. fem.
nom. pl. ealle Ælf 3. neut. nom. pl. eall,
ealle Æth 23; Fall 1. masc. acc. pl. ealle,
alle Ælf 2, 7; Æth 11; Cæd 16; Cyn 15.
fem. acc. pl. ealle. neut. acc. pl. ealle, eal
Æth 9; Cæd 14, 22; Creed 1. gen. pl. ealra,
eallra Cæd 16; Wand 63; Creed 4. dat. pl.
eallum Æth 22; Cæd 17, 36, 37; Fall 14,
17.
adv. all, entirely. eall, eal Æth 19; Wand
36, 60.
eall swā, conj. as, just as. Weeks 3.
ealle, adv. entirely, quite. Oros 2.
eard, masc. country, land. acc. sg. Ælf 21.
eardgeard, masc. habitation, world. acc. sg.
Wand 85.
eardstapa, masc. land-traveler, wanderer. nom.
sg. Wand 6.
ēare, neut. ear.
earfeþa, neut. hardship, labor. gen. pl. Wand 6.
earfoþlic, adj. difficult, full of hardship, laborious. neut. nom. sg. Wand 106.
earfoþness, fem. hardship, affliction, difficulty.
dat. sg. earfoþnysse Bene 5.
earg, adj. wretched, vile, useless, cowardly. masc.
acc. sg. eargne Wulf 16.
earm, adj. poor, wretched, miserable. masc. acc.
sg. earmne Wand 40. neut. acc. pl. earme
Ælf 4. wk. fem. dat. sg. earman Ælf 10.
earmcearig, adj. wretchedly sorrowful. masc.
nom. sg. Wand 20.
Old English Aerobics
earn, masc. eagle. dat. sg. earne.
eart → bēon.
geearwodest → (ge)gearwian.
Ēastengle, masc. East Angles. acc. pl. Ælf 2.
gen. pl. Ēastengla Æth 2.
Ēasterdæg, masc. Easter-day. nom. sg. Ælf
13.
Ēastre, fem. (always pl.) Easter. acc. pl.
ēastron Ælf 14. dat. pl. ēastron Ælf 12.
Ēastseaxe, masc. East Saxons. acc. pl. Ēastsexe Ælf 2.
ēaþe, adv. easily. Æth 8; Wulf 18. superl.
ēaðost.
ēaþmōdlı̄ce, adv. humbly. Cæd 26.
Ebrea, masc. of the Hebrews. gen. pl. Ebrēa.
Ebrēisc, adj. Hebrew. wk. neut. dat. sg.
Ebrēiscan.
ēce, adj. eternal. masc. nom. sg. Cæd 12, 13.
wk. neut. gen. sg. ēcean. wk. fem. dat. sg.
ēcan Creed 11.
ecg, fem. edge. acc. sg. ecge.
ēcness, fem. eternity. dat. sg. ēcnysse, ēcnesse
Æth 31; Creed 12.
(ge)edcennan, wk. 1. bear again. past part.
geedcenned.
ederas → eodor.
edwenden, fem. turning back, change.
efestan, wk. 1. hurry. pres. part. efstende.
efne, adv. indeed, only, just, once (in calculation). efne, emne Cæd 4; Bene 3; Weeks
1.
interj. indeed.
efstende → efestan.
eft, adv. again, afterwards, thereupon, back. Æth
10, 30; Cæd 9, 19, 24, 34; Fall 4, 8; Wand
45, 53.
ege, masc. fear, terror.
egeful, adj. awe-inspiring. masc. nom. sg. egefulle.
egeslic, adj. terrible. wk. fem. dat. sg. egeslican. wk. masc. nom. pl. egeslice.
ēglond → ı̄egland.
Egypte, masc. Egyptians. gen. pl. Ægypta,
Egypta Cæd 24.
Egyptisc, adj. Egyptian. wk. fem. acc. sg.
Egyptiscan.
ehta → eahta.
Eligmynster, neut. the monastery of Ely. dat.
sg. Eligmynstre Æth 10.
ellen, neut. zeal, strength, courage. dat. sg. elne
Glossary
Wand 114.
ellenmǣrþu, fem. reputation for valour. dat. pl.
ellenmǣrðum.
ellenwōdness, fem. zeal. gen. sg. ellenwōdnisse Cæd 27.
elne → ellen.
embe → ymb.
emne → efne.
geendade → geendian.
ende, masc. end. nom. sg. Creed 11. inst. sg.
ænde Cæd 27.
endebyrdness, fem. order, series, degree, rank.
nom. sg. endebyrdnes Cæd 11. acc. sg. endebyrdnesse Cæd 6.
geendian, wk. 2. end. past 3sg. geendade Cæd
27, 42.
geendung, fem. ending, death. acc. sg. geendunge. dat. sg. geendunge Æth 17.
engel, masc. angel. nom. pl. englas Æth 30.
gen. pl. engla. dat. pl. englum Fall 5; Creed
12.
Englisc, adj. English. wk. neut. dat. sg. Engliscan Æth 1.
Engliscgereord, neut. English language. dat.
sg. engliscgereorde Cæd 1.
ent, masc. giant. acc. pl. entas. gen. pl. enta
Wand 87.
ēod- → gān.
eodor, masc. boundary, enclosure, dwelling.
nom. pl. ederas Wand 77.
eodorcan, wk. 1. chew, ruminate. pres. part.
eodorcende Cæd 22.
eom → bēon.
eorl, masc. warrior, nobleman. nom. sg. Wand
84, 114. dat. sg. eorle Wand 12. acc. pl.
eorlas Wand 99. gen. pl. eorla Wand 60.
eornostlı̄ce, adv. truly, indeed.
eorþe, fem. earth. nom. sg. Fall 17. acc. sg.
eorðan Ælf 18; Æth 19; Fall 14. gen. sg.
eorðan Cæd 13; Fall 18; Wand 106, 110.
dat. sg. eorðan Æth 26; Fall 1, 17, 19; Bene
3; Creed 5.
eorþlic, adj. earthly.
eorþscræf, neut. earthen cave. dat. sg. eorðscræfe Wand 84.
ēow → þū, gē.
ēower, adj. your. masc. acc. sg. ēowerne.
masc. nom. pl. ēowre Cyn 14. neut. nom.
pl. ēowre, ēowru Fall 5.
ermðe → iermþu.
13
esne, masc. slave, servant, young man.
(ge)etan, st. 5. eat. 2sg. etst, ytst Fall 14, 17,
18. pl. etað Fall 2, 5. past 1sg. ǣtt, ǣt Fall
12, 13. past 2sg. ǣte Fall 17. past 3sg. geǣt,
ǣt Fall 6. past pl. ǣton. subj. pl. eton, ete
Fall 4. subj. past sg. ǣte Fall 11, 17. subj.
past pl. ǣton Fall 1, 3. infl. inf. tō etenne,
tō etanne Fall 6.
eth, masc. journey, undertaking. nom. sg. sı̄ð.
eth:u, fem. length.
eton → (ge)etan.
etst → (ge)etan.
ēþel, masc. homeland. dat. sg. ēðle Wand 20.
fācenful, adj. deceitful.
fāg, adj. variegated, adorned. masc. nom. sg.
fāh Wand 98. masc. dat. sg. fāgum.
faran, st. 6. travel, go. past 3sg. fōr Oros 4.
past pl. fōron. inf. Creed 11, 12.
fatu → fæt.
fæc, neut. space, time. acc. sg. Cæd 42. dat. sg.
fæce Cæd 1.
fæder, masc. father. nom. sg. Æth 2. dat. sg.
Wand 115.
fǣge, adj. about to die. dat. pl. fǣgum.
fægen, adj. glad, joyful, rejoicing. masc. nom.
sg. Wand 68.
fæger, adj. fair, beautiful, pleasant. masc. inst.
sg. fægre Cæd 27.
gefægnian, wk. 2. rejoice. past 3sg. fægnode
Æth 24.
fǣmne, fem. woman. acc. sg. fēmnan, fǣmnan
Æth 27. gen. sg. fǣmnan. dat. sg. fǣmnan.
nom. pl. fǣmnan.
fǣrlı̄ce, adv. suddenly, precipitously. Wand 61.
fæst, adj. fixed, secure, enclosed. masc. nom. sg.
Bene 3. neut. nom. sg. Wulf 5.
fæstan, wk. 1. fast. subj. sg. fæste. pres. part.
fæstende Æth 11.
fæste, adv. firmly, securely. Cæd 14; Wand 13,
18.
fæstnian, wk. 2. fasten.
fæstnung, fem. stability, security, safety, protection. nom. sg. Wand 115.
fæt, neut. container, cup. nom. pl. fatu.
fēa, adj. few. neut. nom. pl. fēawa Æth 18.
dat. pl. fēawum.
indef. pron. few. neut. acc. pl. fēawa.
gefēa, masc. joy. acc. sg. gefēan.
feaht → (ge)feohtan.
gefeaht → (ge)feohtan.
14
feallan, st. 7. fall. 3sg. fealleþ Wand 63. past
3sg. fēol Ælf 18. pres. part. feallende.
fealu, adj. yellow, tawny, dark. masc. acc. pl.
fealwe Wand 46.
fēdan, wk. 1. feed. inf. Ælf 21.
gefēgan, wk. 1. join, fix, attach. past part.
gefēged Æth 19.
fela, adj. (indeclinable) many. neut. acc. Wand
54. masc. nom. pl. Æth 27. fem. acc. pl.
Æth 30.
indef. pron. (indeclinable) many.
adv. much.
feld, masc. field. dat. sg. felda.
fēmnan → fǣmne.
fēng → fōn.
gefēng → gefōn.
fēngon → fōn.
fenland, neut. fenland. dat. sg. fenlande Æth
18.
fenn, neut. fen. dat. sg. fenne Wulf 5.
feoh, neut. cattle, property, wealth, money.
nom. sg. Wand 108. acc. sg. Ælf 15; Cyn
8. gen. sg. fēos Cyn 11. dat. sg. fēo Æth
7.
feohgı̄fre, adj. greedy for wealth. masc. nom. sg.
Wand 68.
gefeoht, neut. battle. dat. pl. gefeohtum Cyn
3.
(ge)feohtan, st. 3. fight. past 3sg. feaht,
gefeaht Cyn 3. past pl. gefuhton, fuhton.
inf. gefeohtan Ælf 3. pres. part. feohtende
Cyn 6, 8, 15.
fēol → feallan.
fēolan, st. 3. enter, penetrate. past pl. fulgon
Cyn 15.
gefēon, st. 5. rejoice. pres. part. gefēonde Cæd
32.
fēond, masc. nd-stem. enemy. nom. sg. Bene
4. acc. sg. Bene 5. gen. pl. fēonda. dat. pl.
fēondum.
fēondrǣden, fem. enmity. acc. sg. fēondrǣdenne Fall 15.
fēondsceaþa, masc. enemy who does harm. acc.
sg. fēondsceaðan.
feor, adj. far. masc. nom. sg. Wand 21. neut.
nom. sg. Cæd 40.
adv. far, long ago. Wand 26, 90.
feorh, masc. life. acc. sg. Cyn 8, 15.
feorhhord, neut. treasure of life, life.
feorhsweng, masc. blow that takes a life, death-
Old English Aerobics
blow.
feorran, adv. from afar.
fēorþa, ord. num. adj. fourth. wk. fem. nom.
sg. fēorðe.
fēos → feoh.
fēower, card. num. noun. four. Weeks 1.
adj. four. neut. acc. pl. Oros 1.
fēowertig, card. num. noun. forty. Ælf 14, 21;
Weeks 1.
fēowertȳne, card. num. adj. fourteen. dat. pl.
fēowertȳnum Cæd 28.
gefēra, masc. companion. dat. sg. gefēran Fall
12; Wand 30. nom. pl. gefēran Cyn 14.
dat. pl. gefērum Cyn 13.
fēran, wk. 1. go, journey. past 3sg. fērde Æth
30; Creed 6. past pl. fērdon Ælf 4.
fered- → ferian.
ferhþ, masc. mind, intellect, spirit, life, being.
nom. sg. ferð Wand 54. dat. sg. ferðe
Wand 90.
ferian, wk. 2. carry. past 3sg. ferode, ferede
Ælf 19; Wand 81. past pl. feredon Æth
30.
fers, neut. verse. acc. pl. Cæd 11.
ferþloca, masc. life-enclosure. nom. sg. Wand
33. acc. sg. ferðlocan Wand 13.
fēt → fōt.
fetor, fem. fetter. dat. pl. feterum Wand 21.
feþer, fem. feather, wing. acc. pl. feþra Wand
47.
fı̄clēaf, neut. figleaf. nom. pl. Fall 7.
fiell, masc. fall, death. acc. sg. fyl. dat. sg.
fielle.
fierd, fem. army. nom. sg. fyrd. dat. sg.
fierde.
fierdsearu, neut. army-trappings, armour. acc.
pl. fyrdsearu.
fı̄f, card. num. noun. five. Ælf 21; Weeks 1.
fı̄ftig, card. num. noun. fifty. Weeks 1.
fı̄ftȳne, card. num. noun. fifteen. Weeks 3.
findan, st. 3. find. inf. Wand 26; Oros 4.
finger, masc. finger.
Finnas, masc. Lapps.
fı̄ras, masc. people. dat. pl. fı̄rum Cæd 13.
firen, fem. crime, sin.
firenlust, masc. criminal desire. dat. pl. firenlustum Oros 2.
firenum, adv. criminally, sinfully.
fisc, masc. fish. nom. pl. fixas. gen. pl. fisca.
flǣsc, neut. flesh. dat. sg. flǣsce.
Glossary
flēam, masc. flight.
flēogan, st. 2. fly.
flēotan, st. 2. float. pres. part. pl. flēotendra
Wand 54.
flēow → flōwan.
flet, neut. floor, dwelling, hall. acc. sg. Wand
61.
fletsittend, masc. hall-sitter, courtier. dat. pl.
fletsittendum.
geflı̄eman, wk. 1. drive out, exile. past part.
geflȳmdum.
flocc, masc. company, band of men, flock. dat.
sg. flocce.
flocmǣlum, adv. in troops. Ælf 4.
flōd, masc. water, sea, tide. dat. sg. flōde.
flōwan, st. 7. flow. past 3sg. flēow.
geflȳmdum → geflı̄eman.
foca, masc. cake. acc. sg. focan.
fōda, masc. food.
folc, neut. people. gen. sg. folces Ælf 7; Cæd
24. dat. sg. folce, folc. acc. pl. Ælf 4. gen.
pl. folca.
folde, fem. earth. acc. sg. foldan Cæd 13. gen.
sg. foldan Wand 33.
folgian, wk. 2. follow. inf. Cyn 12.
folm, fem. hand. dat. pl. folmum.
fōn, st. 7. take, catch, begin, succeed. past 3sg.
fēng Cyn 17, 18. past pl. fēngon.
gefōn, st. 7. seize. past 3sg. gefēng.
for, prep. (with dat., sometimes with acc.) for,
because of, instead of, in spite of, with respect
to. Ælf 4, 10; Æth 13, 28; Cæd 2, 6, 31;
Cyn 1; Wand 59; Bene 5, etc.
fōr → faran.
for þām, adv. therefore, and so. for ðon, for
ðām, for þan Cæd 4, 6, 8, 27, 28; Wand
17, 37, 58, 64.
for þām þe, conj. because. for þām ðe, for ðan
þe, for ðān ðe, for þon þe Ælf 15; Æth 4,
13, 18; Fall 10, 14, 17, 19; Oros 2.
for þām, for þon, conj. because. for ðan, for
ðām, for þon Ælf 5, 16; Cæd 1, 3, 8, 26,
31.
for ðan þe → for þām þe.
for þon þe → for þām þe.
forbēodan, st. 2. forbid. past 3sg. forbēad Ælf
15; Fall 1.
forceorfan, st. 3. cut out, cut through. past 3sg.
forcearf. past pl. forcurfon. inf. Oros 3.
ford, masc. ford.
15
fordōn, anom. verb. ruin, destroy. 1sg. fordō.
past pl. fordydon.
forescēawung, fem. providence. acc. sg. forescēawunge Æth 25.
forespreca, masc. advocate. nom. pl. foresprecan.
forgiefan, st. 5. give. past 2sg. forgēafe Fall 12.
past part. forgifen Æth 3, 5; Cæd 17.
forhæfdness, fem. abstinence, moderation. dat.
sg. forhæfdnesse.
forhogdness, fem. contempt. dat. sg. forhogdnisse Cæd 2.
forht, adj. fearful, timid. masc. nom. sg. Wand
68.
forlǣtan, st. 7. leave, allow, permit, release.
past 3sg. forlēt Cæd 7. subj. 1sg. forlǣte.
imp. sg. forlǣt. inf. Æth 9. pres. part.
forlǣtende Cæd 43.
forlēosan, st. 2. (with dat. object) lose. past
3sg. forlēas.
forlēt → forlǣtan.
forma, ord. num. adj. first. wk. masc. acc. sg.
forman.
formolsnian, wk. 2. decay. inf. Æth 26. past
part. pl. formolsnodan Æth 26.
forniman, st. 4. take away. past 3sg. fornom
Wand 80. past pl. fornōman Wand 99.
fōron → faran.
forscamu, fem. shame, modesty. dat. sg. forscome Cæd 6.
forsēon, st. 5. neglect, despise, scorn, reject. past
pl. forsāwon Oros 2.
forsı̄þian, wk. 2. fare amiss. past part. forsı̄ðod.
forst, masc. frost. dat. sg. forste.
forþ, adv. forwards.
forþbringan, wk. 1. bring forth. past 3sg.
forþbrōhte Cæd 1.
forþfēran, wk. 1. die. past 3sg. forþfērde. pres.
part. forðfērendum.
forþfōr, fem. departure, death. nom. sg. Cæd
31. gen. sg. forðfōre Cæd 28, 45. dat. sg.
forðfōre Cæd 29, 33.
forþolian, wk. 2. (with dat.) do without. inf.
Wand 38.
forþsı̄þ, masc. passing, death. dat. sg. forðsı̄ðe
Æth 30.
forþweg, masc. the way forward, death. dat. sg.
forðwege Wand 81.
forweorþan, st. 3. perish.
16
forwyrd, fem. destruction, ruin. dat. sg. forwyrde Creed 11.
fōt, masc. athematic. foot. nom. pl. fēt. acc.
pl. fēt. dat. pl. fōtum.
fram, adv. from there. from Cyn 13.
prep. (with dat.) from, by. from, fram
Cæd 3, 6, 14, 17, 26; Cyn 11; Fall 8.
frægn → (ge)frignan.
frætwian, wk. 2. adorn. past 3sg. frætwode
Æth 13.
Frēa, masc. Lord. nom. sg. Cæd 13.
frēfran, wk. 1. console. inf. Wand 28.
fremian, wk. 2. benefit, aid. past 3sg. fremode
Æth 27.
gefremman, wk. 1. bring about, accomplish,
provide. past 3sg. gefremede. inf. Wand 16,
114.
fremsumness, fem. benefit, kindness. dat. pl.
fremsumnessum Cæd 25.
frēogan, wk. 2. set free.
frēolic, adj. free-born, noble. neut. nom. pl.
frēolicu.
frēolsdæg, masc. feast day. nom. sg. Æth 11.
frēomǣg, masc. free kinsman, noble kinsman.
dat. pl. frēomǣgum Wand 21.
frēond, masc. nd-stem. friend. nom. sg. Wand
108. nom. pl. frı̄end.
frēondlēas, adj. friendless. masc. acc. sg.
frēondlēasne Wand 28.
frēorig, adj. frozen. masc. nom. sg. Wand 33.
frı̄end → frēond.
(ge)frignan, st. 3. ask, hear of. past 3sg. frægn
Cæd 32, 35, 39. past pl. gefrūnon.
friþ, masc. peace. acc. sg. Ælf 4. gen. sg. friðes
Ælf 1.
friþāþ, masc. oath of peace. nom. pl. friðāþas
Ælf 20.
frōd, adj. old, mature, wise. masc. nom. sg.
Wand 90.
frōfor, fem. consolation, help, benefit. acc. sg.
frōfre Wand 115.
from → fram.
fruma, masc. beginning, origin. dat. sg. fruman
Cæd 24.
frumbearn, neut. first-born child.
frumcenned, adj. first-born. masc. acc. sg.
frumcennedan.
frumsceaft, masc. first creation. acc. sg. Cæd
10.
gefrūnon → (ge)frignan.
Old English Aerobics
fugel, masc. bird. nom. sg. Wand 81.
fugolcynn, neut. species of bird. dat. sg. fugolcynne.
gefuhton → (ge)feohtan.
fuhton → (ge)feohtan.
ful, adv. very. Wand 5.
fūl, adj. foul.
fulgon → fēolan.
full, adj. full. fem. acc. pl. fulle.
fullǣstan, wk. 1. assist.
fūllı̄ce, adv. foully.
fultum, masc. help, support, protection. dat. sg.
fultume.
gefultuman, wk. 1. aid. past part. gefultumed
Cæd 3.
gefulwian, wk. 2. baptize. past part. gefulwad.
fulwiht, neut. baptism.
furþum, adv. even.
fūs, adj. in a hurry, ready to go, eager.
fūslic, adj. ready. neut. acc. pl. fūslicu.
fyl → fiell.
gefylde → gefyllan.
fylgan, wk. 1. follow. past 3sg. fyligde.
gefyllan, wk. 1. fill, feed. past part. gefylled
Oros 2. past part. pl. gefylde.
fyllu, fem. fullness, feast. gen. sg. fylle.
fȳr, neut. fire. dat. sg. fȳre Creed 11.
fyrd → fierd.
fyrding, fem. expedition, army. dat. sg. fyrdinge.
fyrdsearu → fierdsearu.
fyrhto, fem. fear. dat. sg. fyrhtu Cæd 24.
gefyrn, adv. formerly. Æth 27.
fyrwit, neut. curiosity. nom. sg. fyrwyt.
(ge)gaderian, wk. 2. gather. past 3sg. gegaderode. subj. pl. gaderian. inf. gaderian
Æth 20. past part. gegaderod Ælf 20.
gafol, neut. tribute. nom. sg. Ælf 14, 20. acc.
sg. Ælf 1, 3. dat. sg. gafole Ælf 4.
gāl, adj. lustful.
gamol, adj. old. wk. masc. nom. sg. gamela.
gān, anom. verb. go, walk. 1sg. gā. 2sg. gǣst
Fall 14. 3sg. gǣþ Cyn 16. pl. gāð. past
1sg. ēode Cæd 8. past 3sg. ēode Cæd 6, 19,
32; Cyn 5; Fall 8. past pl. ēodon Cyn 10,
13; Bene 3. imp. sg. gā. imp. pl. gāð.
gangan, st. 7. go, walk. 1sg. gange. imp. sg.
gang. inf. gongan, gangan Cæd 28. pres.
part. gongende Cæd 7, 30.
gār, masc. spear.
Glossary
gārmitting, fem. meeting of spears. gen. sg.
gārmittinge.
gārsecg, masc. ocean, sea.
gāst, masc. spirit. acc. sg. Cæd 44. gen. sg.
gāstes Cæd 24. dat. sg. gāste.
gāstlic, adj. spiritual, religious. wk. neut. dat.
sg. gāstlican Æth 10.
gatu → geat.
gāð → gān.
gærs, neut. grass.
gǣst → gān.
gǣstlic, adj. spiritual. neut. nom. sg. Wand
73.
gǣþ → gān.
ge, conj. and, both. Cæd 28; Fall 5.
gē → þū, gē.
gēa, adv. yes.
geador, adv. together. Wulf 19.
gēafon → giefan.
gēap, adj. deceitful. wk. fem. nom. sg. compar.
gēapre Fall 1.
gēar, neut. year. dat. sg. gēare Ælf 1, 5, 12;
Æth 12. inst. sg. gēare Cyn 17, 18. acc. pl.
Æth 5; Oros 1. gen. pl. gēara Æth 29, 30.
dat. pl. gēarum Æth 18.
geāra, adv. formerly. Wand 22.
gearcian, wk. 2. prepare, procure, supply. past
3sg. gearcode.
geārdæg, masc. day of yore. dat. pl. geārdagum
Wand 44.
geare, adv. thoroughly, well. Æth 13.
gegearewod → (ge)gearwian.
gearo, adj. ready. masc. nom. sg. Cyn 7.
gearwe, adv. readily, well, sufficiently, thoroughly. geare, gearwe Wand 69, 71.
(ge)gearwian, wk. 2. prepare. past 2sg. geearwodest. past 3sg. gegearwode Cæd 38.
subj. past sg. gegearwode Cæd 30. past
part. gegearewod.
geat, neut. gate. acc. pl. gatu Cyn 10, 15.
Gēat, masc. Geat, member of the Geatish nation. gen. pl. Gēata.
gēat → gēotan.
gēmde → gı̄eman.
geō, adv. long ago. iū, geō Wand 22.
geoc, neut. yoke.
geocian, wk. 2. yoke.
geoguþ, fem. youth. dat. sg. iugoðe, geoguðe
Æth 13; Wand 35.
Geōl, neut. Yule, Christmas, December.
17
geōmor, adj. sad.
geōmrung, fem. groaning, lamentation.
geond, prep. (with acc., sometimes with dat.)
throughout, through, over. Wand 3, 58, 75.
geondhweorfan, st. 3. pass through, review. 3sg.
geondhweorfeð Wand 51.
geondscēawian, wk. 2. survey, examine. 3sg.
geondscēawað Wand 52.
geondþencan, wk. 1. think through, ponder. 1sg. geondþence Wand 60. 3sg.
geondþenceð Wand 89.
geong, adj. young. fem. dat. sg. geongre.
masc. nom. pl. geonge.
georn, adj. eager. masc. nom. sg. Wand 69.
georne, adv. eagerly, earnestly, thoroughly. Æth
9, 22; Wand 52; Creed 2, 9.
geornfulness, fem. zeal, desire, diligence. dat.
sg. geornfulnesse Cæd 26.
geornlı̄ce, adv. zealously, diligently. Cæd 26.
gēotan, st. 2. pour. past 3sg. gēat.
giedd, neut. song, poem, tale. acc. sg. Wulf 19.
giefan, st. 5. give. 3sg. gyfð. past pl. gēafon.
subj. sg. gife Wulf 1. imp. sg. gif.
giefstōl, masc. gift-seat, throne. acc. pl. giefstōlas Wand 44.
giefu, fem. gift. nom. sg. gifu Cæd 17. acc. sg.
gife Cæd 3, 15, 20. dat. sg. gife Cæd 1.
gielp, masc. boast, boasting. gen. sg. gielpes
Wand 69.
gielpan, st. 3. boast. past pl. gulpon.
gı̄eman, wk. 1. care for, take care. past 3sg.
gēmde Cæd 26.
gierd, fem. rod, staff. acc. sg. gierde, gyrde.
giernan, wk. 1. (with gen.) yearn for, desire, ask
for. past pl. gyrndon Ælf 1.
gierwan, wk. 1. prepare, equip somebody (acc.)
with something (dat.). past 3sg. gyrde.
gı̄ese, adv. yes.
giest, masc. guest, stranger. nom. sg. gist.
giestrandæg, masc. yesterday.
gı̄et, adv. still. gı̄t, gȳt, gı̄et Æth 26; Cæd 39;
Weeks 3.
gif, conj. if. gif, gyf Æth 7, 28; Cæd 18; Cyn
11; Fall 11; Wulf 2, 7.
gif- → giefan.
gif- → giefu.
gı̄ferness, fem. greed.
gimstān, masc. gemstone. dat. pl. gymstānum
Æth 13.
ginn, adj. wide, spacious. masc. acc. sg. gynne.
18
gı̄sl, masc. hostage. dat. sg. gı̄sle Cyn 8.
gist → giest.
gı̄t → gı̄et.
git → þū, gē.
glæd, adj. bright, cheerful, glad.
glædlı̄ce, adv. joyfully. Cæd 33.
geglængde → geglengan.
glēaw, adj. wise. masc. nom. sg. Wand 73.
geglengan, wk. 1. adorn. past 3sg. geglængde
Cæd 1. past part. geglenged Cæd 19.
glı̄wian, wk. 2. make merry, sing. pres. part.
glēowiende Cæd 32.
glı̄wstæf, masc. melody, joy. dat. pl. glı̄wstafum
Wand 52.
gnæt, masc. gnat.
God, masc. (often neut. in pl.) God, god. nom.
sg. God, Godd Ælf 19; Æth 4, 5, 8, 19; Fall
1, 3, 5, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 16. acc. sg. Æth 2,
8. gen. sg. Godes Ælf 18; Æth 6, 13, 25,
26; Cæd 3, 11, 20, 21, 37, 39; Fall 8; Bene
5, 6. dat. sg. Gode Ælf 10; Æth 12, 16,
20; Cæd 14. nom. pl. godu, godas. acc. pl.
godas. dat. pl. godum.
gōd, neut. goods, property. acc. sg. Fall 5. dat.
pl. gōdum Cæd 21.
adj. good. neut. nom. sg. Fall 6. gen. pl.
gōdra Cæd 26. dat. pl. gōdum Æth 10. wk.
masc. nom. sg. gōda. wk. masc. nom. pl.
gōdan Creed 12. neut. nom. sg. compar.
betere. masc. nom. pl. compar. beteran.
neut. nom. sg. superl. betst. wk. neut. inst.
sg. superl. betstan Cæd 19.
godcund, adj. divine. fem. gen. sg. godcundre
Cæd 18. fem. dat. sg. godcundre Cæd 1.
dat. pl. godcundum Cæd 1. wk. dat. pl.
godcundan Cæd 25.
godcundlı̄ce, adv. divinely. Cæd 3.
godfyrht, adj. God-fearing.
godsunu, masc. u-stem. godson. nom. sg. Cyn
15.
gold, neut. gold. nom. sg. Wand 32. dat. sg.
golde Æth 13.
goldhladen, adj. gold-laden, wearing gold ornaments.
goldhord, neut. hoard of gold, treasure.
goldwine, masc. gold-friend, gold-lord, generous
lord. nom. sg. Wand 35. acc. sg. Wand 22.
gongan → gangan.
gongende → gangan.
Grantabrycgscı̄r, fem. Cambridgeshire. acc. sg.
Old English Aerobics
Grantabricscı̄re Ælf 2.
Grantanceaster, fem. Grantchester. dat. sg.
Grantanceastre Æth 19.
grǣdig, adj. (with gen.) greedy. masc. nom. pl.
grǣdige.
grētan, wk. 1. greet. 3sg. grēteð Wand 52. past
3sg. grētte Cæd 7.
grimness, fem. cruelty, severity. acc. sg. grimnysse.
griþ, neut. truce. acc. sg. Ælf 4. dat. sg. griðe
Ælf 4.
grund, masc. bottom, country, earth.
grundwong, masc. ground-plain, bottom.
gulpon → gielpan.
guma, masc. man. nom. sg. Wand 45. gen. sg.
guman. nom. pl. guman. gen. pl. gumena.
dat. pl. gumum.
gūþ, fem. war, battle. dat. sg. gūþe.
gūþcræft, masc. war-craft, skill in fighting.
gyf → gif.
gyfð → giefan.
gylden, adj. golden. masc. acc. sg. gyldenne.
gylt, masc. guilt, sin. acc. sg. Æth 13.
gymstānum → gimstān.
gynne → ginn.
gyrde → gierd.
gyrde → gierwan.
gyrndon → giernan.
gȳt → gı̄et.
gyt → þū, gē.
gehālgode → hālgian.
habban, wk. 3. have, hold. 1sg. hafu. 2sg.
hæfst. 3sg. hafað, hæfð Wand 31. pl.
hæbbe, habbað. past 3sg. hæfde Æth 8;
Cæd 14, 19, 35; Cyn 1, 3. past pl. hæfdon Ælf 2, 4, 8, 11; Cæd 32, 35; Cyn 6, 10.
subj. sg. hæbbe. subj. past pl. hæfden Oros
3. inf. Creed 12. past part. hæfd Bene 3.
negated. pl. nabbað. subj. past 3sg.
næfde Bene 7.
gehādian, wk. 2. ordain, consecrate. past 3sg.
gehādode Æth 10. past part. gehādodan,
gehādode, gehādod Ælf 7, 12; Æth 10, 17.
hafað → habban.
hafoc, masc. hawk.
hafu → habban.
hagol, masc. hail. dat. sg. hagle Wand 48.
hagolfaru, fem. hailstorm. acc. sg. hæglfare
Wand 105.
hāl, adj. healthy, whole, sound. fem. nom. sg.
Glossary
Æth 22. neut. acc. sg. Æth 26. masc. nom.
pl. hāle Æth 27.
hālettan, wk. 1. salute. past 3sg. hālette Cæd
7.
hālga, masc. saint. dat. pl. hālgum Æth 8.
hālgian, wk. 2. consecrate. past 3sg. gehālgode.
hālig, adj. holy, saintly. masc. nom. sg. Cæd 13.
neut. nom. sg. hālige Ælf 18. neut. acc. sg.
Cæd 18. wk. masc. nom. sg. hālga Æth 8.
wk. masc. acc. sg. hālgan. wk. fem. acc.
sg. hāligan, hālgan Ælf 18; Æth 27. wk.
masc. gen. sg. hālgan Ælf 19; Cæd 24. wk.
fem. gen. sg. hālgan. wk. neut. gen. sg.
hālgan Æth 25; Cæd 21, 24. wk. fem. dat.
sg. hālgan Æth 1.
hāligdōm, masc. holiness, chapel, relic, sacrament.
hālwende, adj. healing, salutary. neut. acc. sg.
Cæd 44.
hām, masc. home. acc. sg. Cæd 6, 19.
adv. homewards, home.
Hamtūnscı̄r, fem. Hampshire. dat. sg. Hamtūnscı̄re Ælf 2.
hand, fem. u-stem. hand. dat. sg. honda,
handa Cæd 35. nom. pl. handa Bene 4.
acc. pl. honda, handa Cæd 44; Wand 43.
dat. pl. hondum, handum, handon Wand
4.
hār, adj. hoary, gray, old. wk. masc. nom. sg.
hāra Wand 82.
hāt, neut. heat.
adj. hot. wk. masc. nom. sg. hāta Æth
13.
(ge)hātan, st. 7. command, bid, call, name, be
called. 3sg. hātte. pl. hātað. past 3sg. hātte,
hēt, hēht Æth 2, 16, 20; Cæd 16, 21. past
pl. hēton. imp. sg. hāt. past part. gehāten,
hāten Æth 14; Cyn 3.
hātheort, adj. hot-hearted, angry. masc. nom.
sg. Wand 66.
gehātland, neut. promised land. gen. sg. gehātlandes Cæd 24.
hæbbe → habban.
hæfd- → habban.
hæfen → hebban.
hæfst → habban.
hæfð → habban.
hæglfare → hagolfaru.
gehǣlan, wk. 1. heal. 1sg. gehǣle. past part.
gehǣled Æth 23. past part. pl. gehǣlede
19
Æth 27.
hæle, masc. dental stem. warrior, man. nom.
sg. Wand 73. dat. pl. hæleþum Wand 105.
Hǣlend, masc. nd-stem. Savior. nom. sg.
Æth 31. acc. sg. Æth 6. dat. sg. hǣlende
Æth 31.
hǣlþ, fem. health, salvation. dat. sg. hǣlðe.
hǣlu, fem. health, prosperity, salvation. acc. sg.
hǣle.
hǣmed, neut. sexual intercourse. dat. sg. hǣmede Æth 4, 30.
hǣmedþing, neut. sexual intercourse, marriage.
Hæstingas, masc. Hastings. acc. pl. Ælf 2.
hǣþen, adj. heathen, pagan. wk. fem. nom. sg.
hǣðene. wk. masc. nom. pl. hǣþenan. wk.
gen. pl. hǣðenra.
hǣþenscipe, masc. paganism, idolatry.
hē, pers. pron. he, himself, it. masc. nom. sg.
Ælf 15, 18, 20, 21; Æth 2, 4, 7, 8, 15, 26,
27, 30; Cæd 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12,
13, 14, 15, 18, 19, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28,
30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 41, 43, 44, 45;
Cyn 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 15; Fall 6, 8, 10,
16, 17; Wand 2, 13, 14, 34, 41, 43, 64, 69,
70, 113; Wulf 2, 7; Oros 2, 3, 4; Bene 3,
5, 6, 7; Creed 4, 6, 7, 8, 9. masc. acc. sg.
hine, hiene, hyne Ælf 11, 17, 18, 19; Cæd
7, 9, 15, 20, 21, 22, 36, 38, 42, 44; Cyn 2, 4,
5, 6; Fall 8; Wand 32, 35; Wulf 2, 7; Oros
3; Bene 2; Creed 3, 5. masc. gen. sg. his,
hys Ælf 1, 5, 18; Æth 2, 4, 7, 8, 29, 30;
Cæd 2, 4, 6, 7, 12, 15, 19, 21, 23, 24, 27,
28, 30, 31, 42, 43, 44, 45; Cyn 1, 10, 12, 15,
16, 17, 18; Fall 8; Wand 13, 14, 35, 37, 41,
112, 113; Bene 5, 6; Creed 12. masc. dat.
sg. him Ælf 15, 21; Æth 7, 16, 26; Cæd 3,
6, 7, 15, 17, 18, 19, 30, 31, 35, 36, 38, 42;
Cyn 1, 9, 10, 11, 15; Wand 1, 10, 31, 41,
46, 111, 114; Oros 3; Bene 7.
hēafod, neut. head. nom. sg. Ælf 9. acc. sg.
Ælf 18; Cæd 42; Fall 15; Wand 43. dat. sg.
hēafde Æth 25. acc. pl. hēafdu. dat. pl.
hēafdum Ælf 17.
hēah, adj. high, deep. masc. nom. sg. Wand
98. masc. acc. sg. hēanne Wand 82. masc.
nom. pl. hēa. dat. pl. hēaum.
hēahfæder, masc. patriarch.
hēahtı̄d, fem. holy day. dat. pl. hēahtı̄dum
Æth 11.
(ge)healdan, st. 7. hold, keep, preserve, main-
20
tain, rule, govern. 3sg. gehealdeþ, hylt Wand
112. past 3sg. hēold, gehēold Æth 4, 6, 10,
26; Cyn 17, 18. past pl. hēoldon Æth 28.
subj. sg. healde Wand 14. subj. past sg.
hēolde. inf. healdan Ælf 21. pres. part.
healdende.
healf, fem. half, side. acc. sg. healfe.
adj. half. fem. acc. sg. healfe Ælf 2.
neut. acc. sg. healfne.
hēalic, adj. high, exalted, noble, fine. dat. pl.
hēalicum Æth 13.
healm, masc. straw.
healreced, neut. hall.
healsbēag, masc. necklace.
healt, adj. lame. gen. pl. healtra.
hēan, adj. lowly, poor, wretched. masc. nom. sg.
Wand 23.
hēap, masc. company. dat. sg. hēape Æth 14.
heard, adj. stern, cruel. wk. masc. nom. sg.
compar. heardra.
hearpe, fem. harp. acc. sg. hearpan Cæd 6.
gen. sg. hearpan. dat. sg. hearpan Cæd 6.
heaþobyrne, fem. battle-corslet.
heaþufȳr, neut. war-fire. gen. sg. heaðufȳres.
hebban, st. 6. lift. inf. Bene 2. past part.
hæfen.
hefgad → hefigian.
hefig, adj. heavy, grievous. wk. fem. nom. pl.
compar. hefigran Wand 49.
hefigian, wk. 2. make heavy, oppress, afflict. past
part. hefgad Cæd 28.
hefigness, fem. heaviness, weight. acc. sg. hefignysse Bene 7.
hēht → (ge)hātan.
hell, fem. hell. dat. sg. helle Creed 6, 11.
helm, masc. helmet, protector.
help, fem. help. acc. sg. helpe Wand 16.
helpan, st. 3. help.
hēo, pers. pron. she, it. fem. nom. sg. Æth 1,
5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 22, 23, 24,
25, 26, 27; Cæd 16, 20, 21; Fall 13, 15, 18;
Wand 96. fem. acc. sg. hı̄, hı̄e Æth 4, 6,
10, 11, 22, 24, 26. fem. gen. sg. hyre, hire
Æth 2, 4, 5, 9, 11, 12, 16, 17, 18, 24, 25,
26; Fall 6, 15. fem. dat. sg. hire, hyre Æth
9, 10, 11, 25; Cæd 15; Fall 6.
hēo → hı̄e.
heofon, masc. heaven. acc. sg. Cæd 13. dat. sg.
heofene. acc. pl. heofonas Cæd 24. dat. pl.
heofonum Æth 30; Wand 107, 115; Creed
Old English Aerobics
8, 12.
heofone, fem. heaven. dat. sg. heofenan. dat.
pl. heofonum.
heofonlic, adj. heavenly. fem. nom. sg. Cæd
17. wk. neut. gen. sg. heofonlican, heofonlecan Cæd 2, 24. wk. neut. inst. sg.
heofonlecan Cæd 38.
heofonrı̄ce, neut. kingdom of heaven. gen. sg.
heofonrı̄ces Cæd 12.
hēold → (ge)healdan.
gehēold → (ge)healdan.
hēolde → (ge)healdan.
hēoldon → (ge)healdan.
heolstor, masc. darkness, concealment. dat. sg.
heolstre Wand 23.
heonan, adv. hence.
heora → hı̄e.
heord, fem. herd, keeping, care. nom. sg. Cæd
7. acc. pl. heorda.
heorde → hierde.
heorte, fem. heart. acc. sg. heortan. gen. sg.
heortan Wand 49. dat. sg. heortan. dat.
pl. heortum.
Heortfordscı̄r, fem. Hertfordshire. acc. sg.
Heortfordscı̄re Ælf 2.
hēr, adv. here. Ælf 1, 12; Cyn 1; Wand 108,
109; Creed 12.
gehēran → (ge)hı̄eran.
here, masc. viking army. nom. sg. Ælf 15, 20.
dat. sg. Ælf 1, 21. nom. pl. hergas.
herefugol, masc. war-bird. nom. pl. herefugolas.
heregodon → (ge)hergian.
herehȳþ, fem. booty, plunder.
hereness, fem. praise. acc. sg. herenisse Cæd
44. dat. sg. herenesse Cæd 11.
(ge)hergian, wk. 2. plunder, harry, seize, capture. past 3sg. gehergode Creed 6. past pl.
heregodon Ælf 4.
hergung, fem. harrying. acc. sg. hergunge Ælf
1.
herian, wk. 1. praise. inf. herigean Cæd 12.
hēt → (ge)hātan.
hete, masc. hate, enmity, hostile act.
heteþoncol, adj. hostile-minded. masc. acc. sg.
heteþoncolne.
hēton → (ge)hātan.
hı̄ → hēo.
hicgan, wk. 3. think, intend. past 1sg. hogode
Wulf 9. past 3sg. hogode. subj. sg. hycge
Glossary
Wand 14.
hider, adv. hither, to this place. Cæd 8.
hı̄e, pers. pron. they, themselves. nom. pl. hı̄,
hēo, hȳ, hı̄e, hig Ælf 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11,
14, 16, 21; Æth 14, 19, 21, 23, 24, 30; Cæd
6, 18, 29, 32, 33, 35, 36, 40; Cyn 6, 8, 10,
11, 12, 13, 14, 15; Fall 7, 8; Wand 61; Wulf
2, 7; Oros 2, 3; Bene 2, 5. acc. pl. hı̄, hı̄e,
hig Ælf 4, 5, 21; Æth 10, 19; Cyn 14. gen.
pl. hiora, heora, hiera, hyra, hira Ælf 1, 17,
18; Æth 28; Cæd 16, 29, 39; Cyn 8, 11, 12,
13, 16; Fall 7; Wand 18. dat. pl. him Ælf
1, 3, 8, 11, 15; Æth 11; Cæd 16, 17, 19, 29,
32, 36; Cyn 10, 11, 12; Fall 7; Wulf 1; Oros
3. masc. nom. pl. hı̄.
hı̄e → hēo.
hiene → hē.
(ge)hı̄eran, wk. 1. hear, listen to, obey (with
dat.). 1sg. gehı̄re, hı̄ere Fall 10. 2sg.
gehȳrest, hı̄erst, gehȳrst Wulf 16. 3sg.
hı̄erð. pl. hı̄erað, gehȳrað. past 2sg.
gehȳrdest, hı̄erdest Fall 17. past 3sg.
gehȳrde, hı̄erde Cæd 11. past pl. gehȳrdon,
hȳrdon, gehı̄erdun, hı̄erdon Æth 27; Cæd
45; Cyn 9; Fall 8. inf. hȳran, gehēran,
gehȳran.
infl. inf. tō gehȳrenne, tō
gehȳranne Æth 28; Cæd 23.
hierde, masc. shepherd, guide. dat. sg. heorde.
nom. pl. hyrdas.
gehı̄erness, fem. hearing. dat. sg. gehȳrnesse
Cæd 22.
hig → hı̄e.
hild, fem. battle. gen. sg. hilde.
hildedēor, adj. brave in battle.
hilderinc, masc. warrior.
him → hē.
him → hı̄e.
hine → hē.
hingrigendne → hyngrian.
hiora → hı̄e.
hira → hı̄e.
hire → hēo.
gehı̄re → (ge)hı̄eran.
hı̄red, masc. household, family, company. gen.
sg. hı̄redes.
his → hē.
hit, pers. pron. it. neut. nom. sg. Æth 1, 10,
11, 26; Cæd 17, 40; Wulf 10; Bene 1, 4.
neut. acc. sg. Æth 4, 5, 19, 28; Cæd 35;
Cyn 8; Oros 2, 3.
21
hı̄w, neut. appearance, form, kind, color. gen.
sg. hı̄wes.
hlāf, masc. bread, loaf. gen. sg. hlāfes Fall 19.
acc. pl. hlāfas. gen. pl. hlāfa. dat. pl.
hlāfum.
hlāford, masc. lord. nom. sg. Cyn 12. acc. pl.
hlāfordas.
hlagol, adj. inclined to laugh.
hlǣfdige, fem. lady. acc. sg. hlǣfdigan.
hlehhan → hliehhan.
hlid, neut. covering, lid, roof. acc. sg. hlyd Æth
19.
hliehhan, st. 6. laugh. inf. hlehhan.
hlūtor, adj. pure, clear, bright, sincere. neut.
inst. sg. hlūttre Cæd 43.
hlyd → hlid.
hlystan, wk. 1. listen. imp. sg. hlyst.
hnutu, fem. athematic. nut. nom. pl. hnyte.
hogode → hicgan.
hōh, masc. heel. dat. sg. hō Fall 15.
gehola, masc. confidant. gen. pl. geholena
Wand 31.
holm, masc. sea. acc. sg. Wand 82.
holmclif, neut. sea-cliff. acc. pl. holmclifu.
holt, neut. forest. gen. sg. holtes.
hōn, st. 7. hang.
hond- → hand.
hopian, wk. 2. hope, expect. 1sg. hopie. 2sg.
hopast. 3sg. hopað. pl. hopiað. past
2sg. hopodest. past 3sg. hopode. past pl.
hopodon.
hordcofa, masc.
hoard-chamber,
breast,
thought. acc. sg. hordcofan Wand 14.
hordwela, masc. hoarded wealth. acc. sg. hordwelan.
hors, neut. horse.
gehradian, wk. 2. hasten, further, prosper. past
3sg. gehradode Æth 19.
hraþe, raþe, rade, adv. quickly. superl. radost,
raþost Cyn 7; Oros 3.
hrædlı̄ce, adv. quickly.
hrædness, fem. quickness, speed. dat. sg. hrædnesse Bene 7.
hrædwyrde, adj. hasty of speech. masc. nom. sg.
Wand 66.
hræfen → hrefn.
hrægl, neut. cloth, sheet, clothing, sail. dat. pl.
hreglum.
hrēam, masc. outcry, tumult.
hrēaw, adj. raw. neut. gen. sg. hrēawes.
22
hrefn, masc. raven. nom. sg. hræfen, hrefn.
nom. pl. hremmas.
hreglum → hrægl.
hrēoh, adj. rough, fierce, disturbed, troubled.
fem. acc. sg. hrēo Wand 105. wk. masc.
nom. sg. hrēo Wand 16.
hrēopon → hrōpan.
hrēosan, st. 2. fall. inf. Wand 48. pres. part.
hrēosende Wand 102.
hrepian, wk. 2. touch. past pl. hrepodon Æth
27. subj. past pl. hrepodon Fall 3.
hrēran, wk. 1. move, stir. inf. Wand 4.
hreþer, masc. breast, heart, mind. gen. pl.
hreþra Wand 72.
hrı̄m, masc. frost. acc. sg. Wand 48. dat. sg.
hrı̄me Wand 77.
hrı̄mceald, adj. frost-cold. fem. acc. sg. hrı̄mcealde Wand 4.
hring, masc. ring.
hringed, adj. made of rings. fem. acc. sg.
hringde.
hringedstefna, masc. ring-prow, ship with
ringed prow.
hrı̄þ, masc. frost. nom. sg. Wand 102.
hrı̄þer, neut. cow. gen. pl. hrȳþera Ælf 17.
hrı̄þig, adj. snow-swept. masc. nom. pl. hrȳðge
Wand 77.
hrōf, masc. roof. dat. sg. hrōfe Cæd 13.
hrōpan, st. 7. shout, cry out, scream. past pl.
hrēopon.
hrūse, fem. earth. acc. sg. hrūsan Wand 102.
gen. sg. hrūsan Wand 23.
hrycg, masc. ridge, back.
hryre, masc. fall, death. gen. pl. Wand 7.
hrȳþera → hrı̄þer.
hrȳðge → hrı̄þig.
hū, adv. how. Cæd 39; Wand 95.
conj. how. Ælf 7; Æth 31; Wand 30, 35,
61, 73.
hund, card. num. noun. hundred. Weeks 2.
adj. hundred. masc. acc. pl. hunde Oros
1.
hundeahtatig, card. num. noun. eighty. Weeks
2.
hundnigontig, card. num. adj. ninety. masc.
acc. pl. Oros 1.
hundred, card. num. noun. hundred. Weeks 2.
hundseofontig, card. num. noun. seventy.
Weeks 1.
hundtwelftig, card. num. noun. one hundred
Old English Aerobics
and twenty.
hunig, neut. honey.
Huntandūnscı̄r, fem. Huntingdonshire. acc. sg.
Huntadūnscı̄re Ælf 2.
hūru, adv. indeed, certainly.
hūs, neut. house. nom. sg. Cæd 29. acc. sg.
Cæd 7; Bene 1. gen. sg. hūses Bene 2. dat.
sg. hūse Cæd 6, 19, 30.
hūsl, neut. eucharist. acc. sg. Cæd 32, 34. gen.
sg. hūsles Cæd 33.
hūsting, neut. court. dat. sg. hūstinge Ælf 17.
hwā, interrog. pron. who, what, anyone, anything. hwæt Cæd 10. masc. nom. sg. Fall
11. neut. nom. sg. hwæt Cæd 16. neut.
acc. sg. hwæt Cæd 1. neut. inst. sg. hwon,
hwan Cæd 31; Wand 59.
gehwā, indef. pron. every, everyone. masc. dat.
sg. gehwām Wand 63. fem. dat. sg.
gehwǣre. neut. gen. sg. gehwæs Cæd 12.
hwamm, masc. corner. dat. sg. hwomme.
hwan → hwā.
hwanon, adv. whence. hwonon Cæd 16.
hwæl, masc. whale.
hwænne → hwonne.
hwǣr, adv. where. Fall 9; Wand 92, 93.
conj. where. Wand 26.
gehwǣre → gehwā.
gehwæs → gehwā.
hwæt, adj. vigorous.
hwæt → hwā.
hwæthwugu, indef. pron. something. neut. acc.
sg. Cæd 7.
hwæþer, interrog. pron. which of two.
conj. whether. Cæd 32, 35.
gehwæþer, indef. pron. both.
hwæþre, adv. however, nevertheless. Cæd 3, 9,
28, 31; Wulf 12.
hwearf, masc. crowd. dat. pl. hwearfum.
hwelc, interrog. pron. which, what, what kind
of, whatever. masc. nom. sg. Cyn 7. masc.
dat. sg. hwylcum Fall 5. fem. nom. sg.
hwylc Cæd 33. fem. acc. sg. hwylce Cæd
15. dat. pl. hwelcum. masc. nom. pl.
hwylce.
gehwelc, indef. pron. each, every. masc. dat. sg.
gehwelcum Cyn 8. masc. inst. sg. gehwylce
Wand 8.
hwelp, masc. cub, young of an animal. acc. sg.
Wulf 16.
hweorfan, st. 3. turn, change, go. inf. Wand
Glossary
72.
gehwerfde → gehwierfan.
hwettan, wk. 1. urge.
hwı̄ → hwȳ.
hwider, conj. to where, whither. Wand 72.
gehwierfan, wk. 1. turn, convert, move. past
3sg. gehwyrfde, gehwerfde Cæd 18, 22.
hwı̄l, fem. time. acc. sg. hwı̄le Æth 21; Cyn
17.
hwı̄lum, adv. sometimes, at times. hwı̄lon,
hwı̄lum Æth 8; Wand 43.
hwı̄t, adj. white. neut. gen. sg. hwı̄tes Æth 19.
masc. dat. sg. hwı̄tum Æth 19.
hwomme → hwamm.
hwon → hwā.
hwonne, adv. when.
hwonon → hwanon.
hwȳ, adv. (inst. of hwā) why. hwı̄ Fall 1, 13.
hwylc- → hwelc.
gehwylce → gehwelc.
gehwyrfde → gehwierfan.
hȳ → hı̄e.
hycge → hicgan.
gehȳdan, wk. 1. hide. past 3sg. gehȳdde Wand
84.
gehygd, fem. mind, thought, intention. nom.
sg. Wand 72.
hyge, masc. thought, mind, heart. nom. sg.
Wand 16.
hylt → (ge)healdan.
hyne → hē.
hyngrian, wk. 2. be hungry. pres. part. sg. hingrigendne.
hȳr- → (ge)hı̄eran.
hyra → hı̄e.
gehȳran → (ge)hı̄eran.
gehȳrað → (ge)hı̄eran.
gehȳrd- → (ge)hı̄eran.
hyrdas → hierde.
hyre → hēo.
gehȳrest → (ge)hı̄eran.
gehȳrnesse → gehı̄erness.
gehȳrst → (ge)hı̄eran.
hys → hē.
hyspan, wk. 1. scorn, revile. past pl. hyspton
Oros 2.
hȳþ, fem. harbour. dat. sg. hȳðe.
ic, wē, pers. pron. I, myself. nom. sg. ic Æth
13; Cæd 8, 10, 37; Fall 10, 11, 12, 13, 15,
16, 17; Wand 8, 10, 11, 19, 23, 26, 58, 60;
23
Wulf 4, 9, 10. acc. sg. mē, mec Fall 10, 13;
Wand 28; Wulf 11, 13. gen. sg. mı̄n. dat.
sg. mē Æth 13; Cæd 7, 10, 34; Fall 10, 12;
Wulf 12. nom. pl. wē Æth 1, 27, 28, 29;
Cæd 41, 45; Fall 2, 3; Creed 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. acc. pl. ūs, unc. gen. pl.
ūre Creed 4. dat. pl. ūs, unc Ælf 3; Æth
28, 30; Cæd 33; Fall 3; Wand 115; Wulf 3,
8. nom. dual wit.
ı̄del, adj. void, empty, idle, vain. neut. nom.
sg. Wand 110. neut. gen. sg. ı̄dles Cæd 4.
neut. nom. pl. ı̄dlu Wand 87.
ı̄ecan, wk. 1. increase, augment.
ı̄eg, fem. island. dat. sg. ı̄ege, ı̄ge Wulf 4, 6.
ı̄egland, neut. island. nom. sg. ēglond Wulf 5.
ielde, masc. (pl. only) men. gen. pl. ælda, yldo
Wand 85. dat. pl. yldum.
ieldo, fem. age. gen. sg. ylde Cæd 5.
iermþ, fem. misery. acc. pl. iermða.
iermþu, fem. misery. acc. sg. yrmðe, ermðe
Ælf 10. acc. pl. yrmða Fall 16.
ierre, adj. angry. masc. nom. pl. yrre.
ı̄eþan, wk. 1. lay waste, devastate. past 3sg. ȳþde
Wand 85.
ı̄ge → ı̄eg.
ilca, indef. pron. same. masc. acc. sg. ylcan
Æth 8. neut. nom. sg. ilce Cyn 13. neut.
acc. sg. ilce Cæd 14. neut. dat. sg. ylcan.
neut. inst. sg. ilcan Cyn 17, 18.
in, adv. in.
prep. (with dat. or acc.) in, into. Cæd 1,
3, 5, 6, 7, 11, 14, 18, 20, 21, etc.
inbryrdness, fem. inspiration, ardor. acc. sg.
inbryrdnisse Cæd 1.
inca, masc. question, grievance. acc. sg. incan
Cæd 36. dat. sg. incan Cæd 35.
indryhten, adj. noble, excellent. masc. nom. sg.
Wand 12.
ingang, masc. entrance, entering. acc. sg. ingong Cæd 38. dat. sg. ingonge Cæd 24.
inlǣdan, wk. 1. lead in. inf. inlǣdon Cæd 29.
innan, adv. from within.
prep. (with dat. or acc.) in, into.
inne, adv. in, within. Ælf 7; Cæd 32.
innoþ, masc. womb. dat. sg. innoðe.
intinga, masc. cause. nom. sg. Cæd 6.
intō, adv. into the place. Ælf 5.
prep. (usually with dat., sometimes with
acc.) into. Æth 18, 24; Creed 12.
inwidhlemm, masc. hostile wound. nom. pl. in-
24
widhlemmas.
irnan, st. 3. run, flow. pl. irnað. past pl. urnon
Cyn 7. pres. part. irnende.
ı̄s, neut. ice.
is → bēon.
ı̄sen, adj. iron. dat. pl. ı̄senum.
Israhela, masc. of the Israelites. gen. sg. Israhēla Cæd 24.
Israhelisc, adj. Israelite. wk. neut. acc. sg. Israhelisce.
iū → geō.
Iūdēisc, adj. Jewish. wk. masc. nom. pl.
Iūdēiscan.
iugoðe → geoguþ.
lā, interj. O, Oh.
lāc, neut. offering, sacrifice. acc. sg. Wulf 1.
lāf, fem. remainder, widow. acc. sg. lāfe. dat.
sg. lāfe Weeks 3, 4, 3, 4.
lāgon → licgan.
lagulād, fem. sea-way. acc. sg. lagulāde Wand
3.
lamb, neut. lamb.
gelamp → gelimpan.
land, neut. land, nation. gen. sg. londes Cyn
11. dat. sg. lande, londe Æth 7; Cæd 24.
acc. pl. lond Oros 4.
lang, adj. long. neut. acc. sg. Æth 10. nom. pl.
lange.
adv. long. compar. leng. superl. lengest
Cyn 1.
lange, adv. long. lange, longe Ælf 7, 11, 14;
Wand 3, 38.
lār, fem. learning, doctrine, teaching. acc. sg.
lāre. gen. sg. lāre Cæd 18. dat. sg. lāre
Cæd 24. acc. pl. lāra.
lārcwide, masc. lore-speech, teaching. dat. pl.
lārcwidum Wand 38.
lārēow, masc. teacher. nom. sg. Æth 27. nom.
pl. lārēowas Cæd 23. dat. pl. lārēowum.
lārlic, adj. instructive, doctrinal. wk. neut. acc.
sg. lārlican.
lāst, masc. track. dat. sg. lāste Wand 97.
lāþ, neut. pain, harm, injury, misfortune. nom.
sg. Wulf 12.
adj. hateful, hostile. nom. pl. lāðe Oros 3.
gen. pl. lāðra. neut. acc. sg. compar. lāþre.
gelāþung, fem. congregation, church. dat. sg.
gelāþunge.
gelæccan, wk. 1. seize. past pl. gelæhton.
lǣce, masc. physician. nom. sg. Æth 14, 22,
Old English Aerobics
23.
(ge)lǣdan, wk. 1. lead. 1sg. gelǣde. past
3sg. gelǣdde Cæd 15. past pl. lǣddon,
gelǣddon Ælf 8, 17. inf. gelǣdan.
Lǣden, neut. Latin. acc. sg. Lȳden.
lǣfan, wk. 1. leave. past 3sg. lǣfde Cyn 10.
læg → licgan.
lǣg- → licgan.
gelæhton → gelæccan.
lǣndagas, masc. transitory days. gen. pl. lǣndaga.
lǣne, adj. transitory. masc. nom. sg. Wand
108, 109. neut. nom. sg. Wand 108.
(ge)lǣran, wk. 1. teach, advise, persuade. past
3sg. lǣrde Cæd 20. inf. lǣran Æth 7; Cæd
21. pres. part. lǣrende. past part. gelǣred
Cæd 3.
gelǣred, adj. (past part. of lǣran) learned. wk.
masc. acc. pl. superl. gelǣredestan Cæd 16.
gelǣstan, wk. 1. follow, perform, endure, pay.
past part. gelǣst Ælf 14, 20.
lǣtan, st. 7. let, leave, allow. past 3sg. lēt. past
pl. lēton Ælf 6.
gelǣte, neut. meeting. dat. pl. gelǣtum.
lǣwede, adj. lay, unlearned. masc. nom. pl.
Ælf 12. wk. neut. dat. sg. lǣwedum.
gelēafa, masc. faith. acc. sg. gelēafan.
gelēafful, adj. faithful. wk. masc. dat. sg.
gelēaffullum Æth 14.
lēah, masc. pasture, meadow.
lēas, adj. lacking, false. neut. nom. pl. lēase,
lēas Wand 86.
lēasbregdness, fem. deception, falsehood. acc.
pl. lēasbregdnessa.
lēasung, fem. falsehood. gen. sg. lēasunge Cæd
4.
lecgan, wk. 1. lay. past pl. lēdon Æth 24. subj.
sg. lecge Wand 42.
lenctenfæsten, neut. Lenten fast.
leng, fem. length.
leng → lang.
lengest → lang.
lengu, fem. length.
lēo, masc. lion. nom. pl. lēon.
lēod (1), masc. person. dat. pl. lēodum Wulf 1.
lēod (2), fem. nation. gen. sg. lēode.
lēodmægen, neut. might of a people, army. gen.
sg. lēodmægnes.
lēodum → lēod (1).
lēof, masc. sir. nom. sg. Fall 10.
Glossary
adj. beloved, dear, pleasant, agreeable.
masc. acc. sg. lēofne. masc. gen. sg. lēofes
Wand 38. fem. gen. sg. lēofre Wand 97.
gen. pl. lēofra Wand 31. wk. masc. nom.
pl. lēofan Cæd 37. masc. nom. sg. compar.
lēofra Cyn 12.
leofað → libban.
lēoflic, adj. beloved.
lēoflı̄ce, adv. lovingly.
lēohte, adv. brightly.
leomu → lim.
leornere, masc. scholar. acc. pl. leorneras Cæd
16.
(ge)leornian, wk. 2. learn. past 3sg. geleornode, leornade, geleornade Cæd 1, 3, 5. past
pl. leornodon Cæd 23. inf. geleornian Cæd
22.
leorningcniht, masc. disciple. nom. pl. leorningcnihtas. acc. pl. leorningcnihtas. dat.
pl. leorningcnihtum.
leornung, fem. learning.
lēoþ, neut. song. nom. sg. Cæd 23. acc. sg.
Cæd 5, 16, 22, 24. gen. sg. lēoþes Cæd 4.
inst. sg. lēoðe Cæd 19. acc. pl. Cæd 1, 3.
lēoþcræft, masc. art of poetry, art of song. acc.
sg. Cæd 3.
lēoþsang, masc. song, poem, poetry. gen. sg.
lēoþsonges Cæd 18. dat. pl. lēoþsongum
Cæd 2.
lēt- → lǣtan.
libban, wk. 3. live. 3sg. leofað, lifað. past 3sg.
lifode. past pl. lifodon. pres. part. lifigendan, lifigendum. pres. part. sg. libbendum.
lı̄c, neut. body, corpse. nom. sg. Cyn 16, 17.
acc. sg. Æth 11, 26.
gelı̄c, adj. like. masc. nom. pl. gelı̄ce Fall 5.
gelı̄ce, adv. similarly, equally. Cæd 3.
licgan, st. 5. lie, be situated, be arranged. 3sg. lı̄ð
Æth 24; Cyn 16, 17. pl. licgað Wand 78.
past 3sg. læg Æth 22, 27; Cyn 10; Bene 2.
past pl. lǣgon, lāgon Cyn 8. subj. past sg.
lǣge Æth 22.
lı̄chama, masc. body, corpse. nom. sg. Æth 26.
acc. sg. lı̄chaman Ælf 19; Æth 24. nom. pl.
lı̄chaman. acc. pl. lı̄chaman Æth 26.
lı̄chamlic, adj. bodily. fem. dat. sg. lı̄chomlicre
Cæd 28.
lı̄csang, masc. dirge. acc. sg. Æth 21.
lı̄efan, wk. 1. allow. past 3sg. lȳfde Æth 10.
gelı̄efan, wk. 1. believe. 3sg. gelȳfð. pl. gelȳfað
25
Creed 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. inf.
gelȳfan.
lı̄f, neut. life. acc. sg. Cæd 27, 42; Wand 89.
gen. sg. lı̄fes Cæd 2, 38; Fall 14, 17. dat.
sg. lı̄fe Ælf 5; Æth 10. acc. pl. Wand 60.
lifað → libban.
lifigendan → libban.
lifigendum → libban.
lifod- → libban.
lı̄hting, fem. shining, illumination. dat. sg.
lı̄htinge.
lim, neut. limb. acc. pl. leomu Cæd 7. dat. pl.
limum Æth 22.
gelimp, neut. event, good fortune, misfortune.
dat. sg. gelimpe.
gelimpan, st. 3. happen. past 3sg. gelamp Bene
1. past pl. gelumpon Ælf 3.
gelimplic, adj. suitable. fem. acc. sg. gelimplice
Cæd 7.
gelimplı̄ce, adv. fittingly, suitably. Æth 19.
lı̄ð → licgan.
lōcian, wk. 2. look. past 3sg. lōcude Cyn 5.
imp. sg. lōca.
lof, neut. praise. acc. sg. Cæd 39, 44.
gelōme, adv. often. Æth 1, 5.
gelōmlı̄ce, adv. often, frequently, repeatedly.
lond- → land.
longe → lange.
lor, neut. loss.
lūcan, st. 2. lock.
lufian, wk. 2. love. 3sg. lufað. past 3sg. lufode
Æth 6, 7, 11. subj. pl. lufie. inf. lufigean
Cæd 20.
lufu, fem. love. dat. sg. lufe, lufan Æth 28;
Cæd 26.
gelumpon → gelimpan.
Lunden, noun. London. dat. sg. Lundene Ælf
19.
Lundenburg, fem. athematic. London. dat. sg.
Lundenbyrig Ælf 12.
lūs, fem. athematic. louse.
lustbǣre, adj. desirable, pleasant. neut. nom.
sg. Fall 6.
Lȳden → Lǣden.
gelȳf- → gelı̄efan.
lȳfde → lı̄efan.
gelȳfed, adj. (past part.) advanced. fem. gen.
sg. gelȳfdre Cæd 5.
lyft, fem. air. dat. sg. lyfte.
lȳt, adj. little, few. neut. acc. sg. Wand 31.
26
lȳtel, adj. little, small. fem. acc. sg. lȳtle Cyn
17. masc. inst. sg. lȳtle Cyn 4.
lȳtle, adv. a little.
mā, indef. pron. more. nom. pl. Bene 3.
mā → micle.
macian, wk. 2. make. past 3sg. macode Æth
19. past pl. macodon.
māga → mǣg.
magan, pret. pres. be able to, can, may. 1sg.
mæg Wand 58. 2sg. meaht Cæd 9. 3sg.
mæg Æth 4, 26; Wand 15, 64. pl. magon.
past 1sg. meahte Wand 26. past 3sg. mihte,
meahte, mehte Ælf 10; Æth 7, 8, 16, 26;
Cæd 3, 4, 18, 22, 28, 30; Oros 4; Bene 4.
past pl. mihton Æth 28; Bene 2, 4. subj. sg.
mæge. subj. past sg. mehte Oros 3. subj.
past pl. mihton Bene 5.
mago, masc. kinsman, young man, warrior.
nom. sg. Wand 92.
maguþegn, masc. noble kinsman. nom. pl.
maguþegnas Wand 62.
man, masc. athematic. man, person, husband.
nom. sg. man, mon, mann Æth 2; Cæd 5,
7, 26; Wand 109. acc. sg. mon Cæd 3. gen.
sg. mannes. dat. sg. men Ælf 7; Cæd 20.
nom. pl. menn, men Æth 27; Cyn 4, 10;
Bene 2; Creed 10. acc. pl. men Ælf 7; Cæd
16, 26; Cyn 15. gen. pl. monna, manna
Cæd 2, 29; Bene 3. dat. pl. mannum, monnum Æth 24; Cæd 3, 37; Creed 2.
indef. pron. one, someone. masc. nom.
sg. man, mon Ælf 3, 4, 10, 15, 19; Æth
21; Cyn 17; Creed 5.
gemāna, masc. company, companionship, intercourse. acc. sg. gemānan Creed 3.
mancynn, neut. mankind. gen. sg. monncynnes, moncynnes, mancynnes Cæd 13,
24; Creed 2.
māndǣd, fem. evil deed. gen. pl. māndǣda
Cæd 26.
mandryhten, masc. lord of men. acc. sg.
mondryhten Wand 41.
mānfordǣdla, masc. evil-doer. nom. pl. mānfordǣdlan.
mānful, adj. wicked, evil. wk. masc. nom. pl.
mānfullan.
manian, wk. 1. admonish, exort, advise. past
3sg. monade Cæd 20.
manig, adj. many, much. masc. nom. sg.
monig, mænig. neut. nom. sg. mænig.
Old English Aerobics
neut. acc. sg. monig Cæd 24, 25, 44. masc.
nom. pl. monige, manige Cæd 3. fem.
nom. pl. manega Æth 31. fem. acc. pl.
manega Æth 10. neut. acc. pl. monig Cæd
14. gen. pl. monigra, manigra Cæd 2; Bene
4. dat. pl. manegum, monegum Æth 4, 27;
Cæd 24.
manigfeald, adj. manifold, various, numerous.
dat. pl. mænigfealdum Æth 13.
gemanigfieldan, wk. 1. multiply, increase. 1sg.
gemænifylde Fall 16. past part. pl. gemenifylde.
māran → micel.
marmstān, masc. marble. dat. sg. marmstāne
Æth 19.
gemartiredon → gemartyrian.
martyr, masc. martyr. gen. sg. martires Ælf
19.
gemartyrian, wk. 2. martyr. past pl. gemartiredon Ælf 11. past part. gemartyrode.
maþelian, wk. 2. speak (formally). past 3sg.
maþelode.
māþþumgyfa, masc. treasure-giver. nom. sg.
Wand 92.
mǣd, fem. meadow. nom. pl. mǣdwa. dat. pl.
mǣdum.
mǣden → mægden.
mǣdene → mægden.
mǣdenes → mægden.
mǣg, masc. kinsman. nom. sg. Cyn 12; Wand
109. dat. sg. mǣge. nom. pl. mǣgas Cyn
11. gen. pl. māga Wand 51. dat. pl.
mǣgum Cyn 13.
mæg → magan.
mægden, neut. maiden, virgin. nom. sg. mǣden Æth 1, 5, 8, 26; Creed 3. acc. sg. mǣden, mægden. gen. sg. mǣdenes Æth 25.
dat. sg. mǣdene Æth 1. gen. pl. mægdena.
mæge → magan.
mægþ, fem. dental stem. maiden.
mǣgþ, fem. family, tribe, nation. gen. pl.
mǣgþa. dat. pl. mǣgþum.
mægþhād, masc. virginity. nom. sg. Æth 4.
acc. sg. Æth 5.
mǣl, neut. occasion, season, meal. dat. sg. mǣle
Æth 11.
mǣnan, wk. 1. tell, intend, complain, grieve.
past 3sg. mǣnde Oros 4.
gemænifylde → gemanigfieldan.
mænig → manig.
Glossary
mænigfealdum → manigfeald.
gemǣran, wk. 1. glorify. past part. gemǣred
Cæd 1.
mǣre, adj. famous, glorious, excellent. fem. acc.
sg. Æth 19. wk. fem. nom. sg. Wand 100.
wk. masc. dat. sg. mǣran. wk. neut. dat.
sg. mǣran.
mǣrþ, fem. fame, glory. acc. pl. mǣrða Æth 5.
mæsse, fem. mass. dat. sg. mæssan Ælf 5.
mæssedæg, masc. mass-day, feast.
mæsseprēost, masc. mass-priest.
mǣst → micel.
mǣstan → micel.
gemǣte, adj. suitable. masc. nom. sg. Æth 25.
adv. suitably. Æth 25.
mē → ic, wē.
meaht- → magan.
meaht- → miht.
mearcweard, masc. border-warden. nom. pl.
mearcweardas.
mearh, masc. horse. nom. sg. mearg Wand 92.
mearu, adj. tender, delicate. masc. acc. sg.
mearune.
mec → ic, wē.
mēce, masc. sword.
medmicel, adj. moderate, short. neut. acc. sg.
Cæd 42. neut. dat. sg. medmiclum Cæd 1.
medoærn, neut. mead-hall.
medu, masc. mead.
medudrēam, masc. mead-joy, joy in the meadhall.
meduheall, fem. mead-hall. dat. sg. meoduhealle Wand 27.
mehte → magan.
men → man.
gemengan, wk. 1. mix, mingle. past part.
gemenged Wand 48.
gemenifylde → gemanigfieldan.
menigu, fem. multitude.
menn → man.
menniscness, fem. humanity, incarnation. dat.
sg. menniscnesse Cæd 24.
meodosetl, neut. mead-seat, seat in a meadhall. gen. pl. meodosetla.
meoduhealle → meduheall.
meotodes → Metod.
mergen → morgen.
gemet, neut. measure, boundary, ability, meter.
acc. sg. Cæd 14.
(ge)mētan, wk. 1. meet, encounter, find. pl.
27
gemētað. past pl. gemētton, mētton Æth
19; Cyn 10.
mete, masc. food.
metelēas, adj. without food.
metelı̄est, fem. lack of food. dat. sg. metelı̄este.
nom. pl. metelı̄ste Wulf 15.
gemetgung, fem. temperance, moderation.
gemetlı̄ce, adv. moderately. Cæd 28.
Metod, masc. God, Creator. gen. sg. meotodes, Metudes Cæd 12; Wand 2.
metsung, fem. provision. acc. sg. metsunge
Ælf 1.
micclum → miclum.
micel, adj. large, big, great, vast. neut. nom.
sg. mycel Æth 12. masc. acc. sg. mycelne.
fem. gen. sg. micelre Cæd 27. masc. dat.
sg. mycelum. fem. dat. sg. mycelre Æth
24; Bene 7. dat. pl. miclum Cyn 3. wk.
masc. nom. sg. micla. wk. neut. nom. sg.
mycele. wk. masc. acc. sg. miclan, myclan
Creed 10. wk. fem. acc. sg. miclan. wk.
masc. dat. sg. miclan Creed 9. wk. masc.
acc. sg. compar. māran. fem. acc. sg. superl. mǣstan Cæd 1. neut. acc. sg. superl.
mǣst Ælf 4.
indef. pron. much, a great deal. neut.
nom. sg. Ælf 7. neut. acc. sg. micel, mycel
Ælf 2; Æth 7; Creed 4.
Michael, masc. Michael. gen. sg. Michaeles
Ælf 5.
micle, adv. much. compar. mā Cyn 14.
miclum, adv. greatly. mycclum, micclum,
miclum Æth 20, 27; Cyn 5.
mid, adv. with. Æth 23, 27.
prep. (usually with dat., sometimes with
acc.) with. Ælf 8, 11, 17, 18, 19; Æth 1, 2,
4, 8, 10, etc.
midd, adj. middle. masc. acc. sg. midne Fall 8.
fem. acc. sg. midde Cæd 32. fem. dat. sg.
midre. dat. pl. middum.
middangeard, masc. world. nom. sg. Wand 62.
acc. sg. Cæd 13, 43; Wand 75. gen. sg.
middangeardes Cæd 24. dat. sg. middanearde.
Middelseaxe, masc. Middle Saxons. acc. pl.
Middelsexe Ælf 2.
Mierce, masc. the Mercians. gen. pl. Miercna
Cyn 17.
mierran, wk. 1. mar, disturb, squander, hinder.
pl. myrrað.
28
miht, fem. athematic. might. nom. sg. Æth 26.
acc. sg. mihte, meahte Æth 4; Cæd 12. acc.
pl. mihta Ælf 19.
mihte → magan.
mihtig, adj. mighty. masc. nom. pl. mihtige.
mihton → magan.
mı̄l, fem. mile. gen. pl. mı̄la.
milde, adj. mild, kind.
mildheort, adj. merciful, compassionate. masc.
nom. pl. mildheorte.
milts, fem. compassion, mercy. gen. sg. miltse
Wand 2.
gemiltsian, wk. 2. have mercy on. imp. sg.
gemiltsa.
mı̄n, adj. my, mine. masc. nom. sg. Æth 13;
Wand 59; Wulf 13. masc. acc. sg. mı̄nne
Æth 13; Wand 10, 19, 22. fem. acc. sg.
mı̄ne Wand 9. masc. gen. sg. mı̄nes Wulf
9. neut. dat. sg. mı̄num. masc. nom. pl.
mı̄ne Cæd 37. neut. nom. pl. mı̄ne. masc.
acc. pl. mı̄ne Wand 27. dat. pl. mı̄num
Wulf 1.
mı̄n → ic, wē.
mislic, adj. various. masc. acc. pl. mislice.
mislı̄ce, adv. variously.
missenlic, adj. various, manifold, diverse. neut.
gen. sg. missenlices. gen. pl. myssenlicra.
missenlı̄ce, adv. variously, here and there. Wand
75.
mōd, neut. heart, mind, spirit, courage. nom.
sg. Æth 9; Wand 15, 51; Wulf 15. dat. sg.
mōde Wand 41, 111. inst. sg. mōde Cæd
32, 43. nom. pl. Cæd 2. acc. pl. Cæd 35.
mōdcearig, adj. sorrowful at heart. masc. nom.
sg. Wand 2.
mōdgehygd, fem. mind’s thought. dat. pl.
mōdgehygdum.
mōdgeþanc, masc. thought, conception, purpose.
acc. sg. Cæd 12.
mōdig, adj. spirited, brave, proud. masc. nom.
pl. mōdge Wand 62. gen. pl. mōdigra.
mōdor, fem. mother.
mōdorlı̄ce, adv. in motherly fashion. Æth 10.
mōdsefa, masc. mind, spirit, soul. nom. sg.
Wand 59. acc. sg. mōdsefan Wand 10, 19.
mon, indef. pron. one. masc. nom. sg. Wulf 1,
18.
mon → man.
gemon → gemunan.
mōna, masc. moon. dat. sg. mōnan.
Old English Aerobics
monade → manian.
Mōnandæg, masc. Monday.
mōnaþ, masc. month. acc. pl. Æth 10.
moncynnes → mancynn.
mondryhten → mandryhten.
monegum → manig.
monig- → manig.
monna → man.
monncynnes → mancynn.
monnum → man.
mōr, masc. moor. dat. sg. mōre.
morgen, masc. morning. dat. sg. mergen,
morgenne Ælf 19; Cæd 15, 19; Cyn 9.
morgenceald, adj. morning-cold.
morgenswēg, masc. morning-sound.
mōste → mōtan.
mōston → mōtan.
gemōt, neut. assembly. gen. sg. gemōtes.
mōtan, pret. pres. may, can, must. past sg.
mōste Ælf 15. past 3sg. mōste. past pl.
mōston. subj. past sg. mōste Æth 9.
gemunan, pret. pres. think of, remember. 3sg.
gemon Wand 34, 90.
mund, fem.
hand, protection. dat. pl.
mundum.
munt, masc. mountain. dat. sg. munte.
munuchād, masc. monastic orders. acc. sg. Cæd
20.
munuclic, adj. monastic. fem. dat. sg. munuclicere Æth 30.
murnan, st. 3. be anxious, be fearful. pres. part.
murnende Wulf 15.
mūþ, masc. mouth. dat. sg. mūðe Cæd 23.
mycclum → miclum.
mycel- → micel.
myclan → micel.
gemynd, fem. memory, thought, mind. acc. sg.
Wand 51. dat. sg. gemynde Cæd 14.
gemyndgian, wk. 2. remember. past 3sg. gemyndgade Cæd 22.
gemyndig, adj. mindful. masc. nom. sg. Wand
6.
mynecen, fem. nun. dat. sg. mynecene Æth
10. acc. pl. mynecena Æth 10.
mynster, neut. monastery. acc. sg. Cæd 21.
gen. sg. mynstres Bene 1. dat. sg. mynstre
Ælf 19; Æth 10, 11, 20; Cæd 1.
mynsterlic, adj. monastic. fem. dat. sg. mynsterlicre Æth 9.
myntan, wk. 1. intend. past pl. mynton Bene
Glossary
2.
myrrað → mierran.
myssenlicra → missenlic.
nā, adv. not at all. nō Wand 54, 66, 96.
nabbað → habban.
naca, masc. ship. gen. sg. nacan.
nacod, adj. naked. masc. nom. sg. Fall 10, 11.
masc. nom. pl. nacode Fall 7.
nāht, indef. pron. nothing. neut. acc. sg. nōht,
nāht Cæd 4, 8.
nāhte → āgan.
nales, adv. not at all, emphatically not. nales,
nalæs, nalles Cæd 3; Wand 32, 33; Wulf
15.
nam → (ge)niman.
genam → (ge)niman.
nama, masc. name. dat. sg. noman, naman
Cæd 7. acc. pl. naman.
genāman → (ge)niman.
nāman → (ge)niman.
namian, wk. 2. name, appoint. subj. sg.
namige.
genāmon → (ge)niman.
nān, adj. no. neut. acc. sg. Ælf 15.
indef. pron. none, no one. masc. nom. sg.
Wand 9. masc. acc. sg. nānne, nǣnne.
genāp → (ge)nı̄pan.
nāp → (ge)nı̄pan.
nāteshwōn, adv. not at all. Fall 4.
nāthwelc, indef. pron. I don’t know which, one
or another. masc. gen. sg. nāthwylces.
naþelǣs, adv. nevertheless. Ælf 4.
nāþor, conj. neither.
nǣdre, fem. snake, serpent. nom. sg. nǣddre,
nǣdre Fall 1, 4, 13. dat. sg. nǣddran Fall
14. nom. pl. nǣdran.
næfde → habban.
nǣfre, adv. never. Cæd 4, 5, 11; Cyn 12; Wand
69, 112; Wulf 18; Creed 3.
nǣgan, wk. 1. approach, attack.
nægl, masc. nail. dat. pl. næglum.
nǣnig, indef. pron. none, no one, no. masc.
nom. sg. Cæd 3; Cyn 8, 12. masc. acc. sg.
nǣnigne Cæd 36. masc. dat. sg. nǣnigum.
fem. acc. sg. nǣnige Bene 7. neut. acc. sg.
Cæd 5.
nǣnne → nān.
nǣre → bēon.
næs, adv. not at all.
næs → bēon.
29
ne, adv. not. Ælf 15; Æth 26; Cæd 3, 8, 31, 33;
Cyn 14; Fall 1, 3, 4, etc.
conj. neither, nor. Cæd 4; Fall 3; Wand
16, 66, 67, 68, 69; Bene 2.
nēah, adj. near. fem. nom. sg. Cæd 31. neut.
nom. sg. Cæd 33, 39.
adv. near. Wand 26.
prep. near.
geneahhe, adv. sufficiently, abundantly, often.
Wand 56.
neaht- → niht.
(ge)nēalǣcan, wk. 1. approach. past 3sg. nēalǣcte, genēalǣhte Cæd 28. inf. nēalēcan,
genēalǣcan Cæd 6.
nēat, neut. animal, cattle. gen. pl. nēata Cæd
7.
nēawest, fem. neighborhood. dat. sg. nēaweste
Cæd 29.
nelle → willan.
nemnan, wk. 1. name, call. 3sg. nemneð. past
3sg. nemnde Cæd 7.
nemþe, conj. unless. nemþe, nemne Wand
113.
nēod, fem. necessity, business, difficulty. dat. sg.
nēode Æth 18; Creed 4.
nēode, adv. necessarily.
neorxnawang, masc. Paradise. gen. sg. neorxnawonges Fall 8. dat. sg. neorxnawange
Fall 3, 8, 10.
nēosan, wk. 1. seek, go to.
neoþan, adv. from beneath.
nergendes → Neriend.
(ge)nerian, wk. 1. save, rescue, defend. 3sg.
genereþ. past 1sg. nerede. past 2sg. neredest. past 3sg. generede Ælf 5; Cyn 15.
past pl. neredon.
Neriend, masc. nd-stem. Saviour. gen. sg.
nergendes.
nese, adv. no.
nēten → nı̄eten.
nı̄ehsta, masc. neighbour. acc. pl. nēxtan.
nı̄eten, neut. beast, animal. nom. sg. nēten
Cæd 22. nom. pl. nȳtenu Fall 1. dat. pl.
nȳtenum, nı̄etenum Fall 14.
nigon, card. num. noun. nine. Weeks 1.
niht, fem. athematic. night. acc. sg. neaht Cæd
32. gen. sg. neahte Cæd 30. dat. sg.
neahte, nihte Cæd 7. gen. pl. nihta. dat.
pl. nihtum.
nihtes, adv. at night.
30
nihthelm, masc. cover of night. acc. sg. Wand
96.
nihtscūa, masc. night-shadow. nom. sg. Wand
104.
nihtwæcce, noun. night-watch.
(ge)niman, st. 4. take, seize, capture. past 3sg.
nam, genam Ælf 4; Fall 6. past pl.
genāman, genāmon, nāman Ælf 6, 7, 17;
Æth 20. imp. sg. nym, nim. past part.
genumen Fall 19.
(ge)nı̄pan, st. 1. grow dark. 3sg. nı̄peð Wand
104. past 3sg. genāp, nāp Wand 96.
nis → bēon.
niþer, adv. down, downwards. nyþer Ælf 18.
nı̄þwundor, neut. hostile wonder.
genı̄wad → genı̄wian.
nı̄we, adj. new. fem. nom. pl. Æth 23. dat. pl.
nı̄wum Æth 24.
genı̄wian, wk. 2. renew, restore. past part.
genı̄wad Wand 50, 55.
nō → nā.
nōht → nāht.
nold- → willan.
noman → nama.
norþ, adv. north.
norþan, adv. from the north. Wand 104.
norþdæl, masc. northern region. dat. sg. norþdæle.
nū, adv. now. Ælf 19; Æth 1, 8, 13; Cæd 12,
45; Wand 9, 75, 97; Weeks 4.
conj. now that. Cæd 33.
genumen → (ge)niman.
nylle → willan.
nym → (ge)niman.
nȳtenu → nı̄eten.
nȳtenum → nı̄eten.
nyþer → niþer.
of, prep. (with dat.) from, of. Ælf 21; Æth 16,
18, 19; Cæd 1, 8, 24, 30, 45; Fall 1, etc.
ofdūne, adv. down.
ofer, prep. (with dat. or acc.) over, upon, after.
Ælf 14; Æth 10; Cæd 32; Fall 1, 8; Wand
24, 57, 82; Bene 4.
ōfer, masc. bank, shore. dat. sg. ōfre.
ofergān, anom. verb. go across, traverse, conquer, overtake. past part. Ælf 2.
ofersēon, st. 5. observe. past pl. ofersēgon.
oferswı̄þan, wk. 1. overpower. past part. oferswı̄ðed.
offrian, wk. 2. offer. past pl. offrodon.
Old English Aerobics
ofgiefan, st. 5. give up, leave. past pl. ofgēafon
Wand 61.
ofhrēowan, st. 2. cause pity for someone
(gen.). 3sg. ofhrı̄ewð.
ōfre → ōfer.
ofslēan, st. 6. kill, slay. 1sg. ofslēa. past 3sg.
ofslōg Cyn 1, 17. past pl. ofslōgon Cyn 15.
past part. ofslægenne, ofslægen, ofslægene,
ofslegen Cyn 6, 9, 10, 14.
ofspring, masc. offspring. dat. sg. ofspringe Fall
15.
ofstingan, st. 3. stab to death. past 3sg. ofstang
Cyn 2.
oft, adv. often. Ælf 10; Æth 7, 28, 31; Cæd 2,
6; Cyn 3, 15; Wand 1, 8, etc.
oftēon, st. 2. deprive someone (dat.) of something (gen.), withhold. past 3sg. oftēah.
oftorfian, wk. 2. pelt to death. past pl. oftorfedon Ælf 17.
ofþyncan, wk. 1. seem displeasing, be a matter of
regret. past 3sg. ofðūhte.
ombeht → ambeht.
on, prep. (with dat. or acc.) on, in, to, into,
onto, at, at the time of, against, from. on, a
Ælf 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, 13, 15, 17, etc.
on ān, adv. continuously, at once. Creed 11, 12.
onbærnan, wk. 1. kindle, inspire. past part. onbærnde, onbærned Cæd 2, 27.
oncnāwan, st. 7. recognize, perceive, acknowledge, disclose. past pl. oncnēowon Fall 7.
ond → and.
ondrǣdan, st. 7. be afraid, dread. 1sg. ondrǣde
Fall 10. past 1sg. ondrēd.
ondswar- → andswarian.
ondweardum → andweard.
onfindan, st. 3. find out, discover. past 3sg. onfand. past pl. onfundon Cyn 7. subj. past
pl. onfunden Cyn 4.
onfōn, st. 7. receive, succeed to, take. past
3sg. onfēng Cæd 3, 11, 15, 21. past pl.
onfēngon. subj. past sg. onfēnge Cæd 20.
past part. onfongne Cæd 19.
onfund- → onfindan.
ongan → onginnan.
ongēan, adv. back, again.
prep. (with dat. or acc.) against, towards,
opposite. angēan, ongēan Ælf 15; Fall 15.
Ongelþēode → Angelþēod.
ongietan, st. 5. understand, perceive. past 3sg.
ongeat Cyn 5. inf. Wand 73. past part.
Glossary
ongyten Bene 4.
onginnan, st. 3. begin. past 3sg. ongon, ongan Cæd 11, 20. past pl. ongunnon Cæd
3. subj. past sg. ongunne.
ongyten → ongietan.
onhieldan, wk. 1. bend down, lower. past 3sg.
onhylde Cæd 42.
onhrēran, wk. 1. arouse. past part. onhrēred.
onhylde → onhieldan.
oninnan, prep. within, in the middle of.
onmiddan, prep. (with dat.) in the middle of.
Fall 3, 8.
onmunan, pret. pres. consider worthy of something (gen.). subj. past pl. onmunden Cyn
14.
onsǣgedness, fem. offering, sacrifice. acc. pl.
onsǣgednessa.
onsendan, wk. 1. send. 3sg. onsendeð Wand
104. past part. onsended.
onslēpan, wk. 1. go to sleep, sleep. past 3sg.
onslēpte Cæd 7, 42.
onstellan, wk. 1. institute, establish. past 3sg.
onstealde Cæd 12.
onstyrian, wk. 2. move, budge, rouse, disturb.
inf. Bene 2, 4.
onwacan, st. 6. awake. subj. past sg. onwōce.
onwæcnan, wk. 1. awake. 3sg. onwæcneð
Wand 45.
onweald, masc. authority, power. acc. sg. anweald. dat. sg. anwealde Fall 16.
onweg, adv. away. āweg, onweg Ælf 6; Bene
5.
onwendan, wk. 1. change, overturn. 3sg. onwendeð Wand 107.
onwōce → onwacan.
open, adj. open. wk. masc. nom. sg. opena.
wk. masc. nom. pl. opene.
geopenian, wk. 2. open. past 3sg. geopenode
Æth 21, 22. past part. geopenod Æth 16.
past part. pl. geopenode Fall 5, 7.
openlı̄ce, adv. openly, plainly. Bene 4.
ōr, neut. beginning, origin. acc. sg. Cæd 12.
geortrūwian, wk. 2. despair.
orþung, fem. breath. gen. sg. orðunge.
oþ, prep. (usually with acc., sometimes with
dat.) until, as far as, to. Ælf 11; Æth 24,
26; Cæd 5.
conj. until. Ælf 14; Cyn 1, 5, 8.
oþ þæt, conj. until. Æth 30; Cyn 2, 6, 15; Fall
19; Wand 71, 86.
31
oþberan, st. 4. bear away. past 3sg. oþbær
Wand 81.
ōþer, ord. num. adj. other, second. masc. acc.
sg. ōðerne. fem. acc. sg. ōðre Cæd 27.
neut. gen. sg. ōðres Cæd 38. masc. dat. sg.
ōðrum. fem. dat. sg. ōþerre Wulf 4. neut.
dat. sg. ōðrum. neut. nom. pl. ōðre Fall 1.
masc. acc. pl. ōðre. neut. acc. pl. ōþra Oros
4. dat. pl. ōðrum Cæd 24.
indef. pron. other, another. neut. acc. sg.
Cæd 25. masc. nom. pl. ōðre Cæd 3. neut.
acc. pl. ōðre Weeks 3.
oþþe, conj. or. Ælf 3; Cæd 16; Wand 26, 28.
oxa, masc. ox. gen. sg. oxan. acc. pl. oxan.
Oxenafordscı̄r, fem. Oxfordshire. acc. sg. Oxenafordscı̄re Ælf 2.
pāpa, masc. pope. dat. sg. pāpan.
Paradı̄sus, noun. Paradise. dat. sg. paradı̄sum
Fall 1, 2.
portic, masc. vestibule. dat. sg. porticum.
prēost, masc. priest. nom. pl. prēostas.
pund, neut. pound. gen. pl. punda Ælf 14.
gerād, adj. conditioned, circumstanced, wise.
radost → hraþe, raþe, rade.
ranc, adj. proud, haughty, arrogant. masc. acc.
sg. rancne.
rand, masc. edge, (metonymically) shield. acc.
pl. randas.
raþost → hraþe, raþe, rade.
rǣd, masc. advice. gen. sg. rǣdes.
rǣdan, wk. 1. read, advise, rule. imp. sg. rǣd.
rǣdend, masc. (past part. of rǣdan) ruler.
rǣpling, masc. prisoner. nom. sg. Ælf 9.
rǣran, raise, offer up. Cæd 39.
rǣsan, wk. 1. rush. past 3sg. rǣsde Cyn 5.
rēad, adj. red. wk. fem. dat. sg. Rēadan.
Rēadingas, masc. people of Reading, Reading.
dat. pl. Rēadingum.
rēaf, neut. garment. gen. sg. rēafes Æth 27.
rēafian, wk. 2. plunder. past 3sg. rēafode.
reccan (1), wk. 1. tell. past pl. rehton Cæd 18.
inf. Æth 28.
reccan (2), wk. 1. care. past pl. rōhton Æth
28. subj. sg. recce.
reced, neut. hall.
recene, adv. quickly, hastily. rycene, ricene
Wand 112.
gerēfa, masc. reeve, sheriff. acc. sg. gerēfan Ælf
6. dat. sg. gerēfan.
regollic, adj. regular. dat. pl. regollecum Cæd
32
26.
rehton → reccan (1).
reliquias, masc. relics.
rēnig, adj. rainy. neut. nom. sg. Wulf 10.
rēnscūr, masc. rain shower.
gereord, neut. meal, feast, banquet. dat. sg.
gereorde.
reordian, wk. 2. speak.
gereordian, wk. 2. (with reflexive) feed. past pl.
gereordodon.
rēotig, adj. wailing, lamenting. fem. nom. sg.
rēotugu Wulf 10.
rēowan → rōwan.
rest, fem. rest, bed. acc. sg. reste Cæd 32. dat.
sg. reste Cæd 7.
gerestan, wk. 1. rest. inf. Cæd 30.
rēþe, adj. fierce, cruel. masc. nom. sg. superl.
rēðost.
rı̄ce, neut. rule, authority, kingdom. nom. sg.
Wand 106. acc. sg. Cyn 3. gen. sg. rı̄ces
Cæd 24; Cyn 1, 11. dat. sg. Ælf 18; Cyn
17, 18.
ricene → recene.
rı̄csian, wk. 2. rule. past 3sg. rı̄csode Cyn 16.
rı̄dan, st. 1. ride. past pl. ridon Cyn 10.
riht, adj. correct. masc. acc. sg. rihtne, ryhtne.
rihtfæderencyn, neut. direct paternal ancestry.
nom. sg. ryhtfæderencyn Cyn 16.
gerihtlǣcan, wk. 1. correct, amend.
rihtwı̄s, adj. righteous. wk. masc. nom. pl. rihtwı̄san.
rihtwı̄sness, fem. righteousness. nom. sg. rihtwı̄snys.
rı̄nan, st. 1. rain. subj. pl. rı̄non.
rı̄san, st. 1. rise.
gerisenlic, adj. suitable, becoming. neut. acc. pl.
gerisenlice Cæd 1.
rōd, fem. cross, crucifix. dat. sg. rōde Creed 5.
rōdetācn, noun. sign of the cross. rōdetācne
Cæd 42.
rodor, masc. sky, heaven. gen. pl. rodora.
rōhton → reccan (2).
Rōmāne, masc. Romans. nom. pl. Oros 2, 3.
Rōmeburg, fem. athematic. Rome. nom. sg.
Oros 1.
Rōmweg, masc. road to Rome. dat. sg.
rōmwege.
rōtlı̄ce, adv. cheerfully. Cæd 33.
rōwan, st. 7. row. past pl. rēowan Æth 19.
rūn, fem. mystery, counsel, secret, rune. dat. sg.
Old English Aerobics
rūne Wand 111.
rycene → recene.
ryhtfæderencyn → rihtfæderencyn.
ryhtne → riht.
(ge)rȳman, wk. 1. make room, clear a way,
yield. past part. gerȳmed.
rȳpan, wk. 1. plunder, rob. past pl. rȳpton Ælf
4.
sācerd, masc. priest. nom. pl. sācerdas.
sacu, fem. strife, dispute, battle, lawsuit. nom.
sg. Oros 4.
sadol, masc. saddle.
saga → secgan.
sāh → sı̄gan.
gesamnian, wk. 2. assemble, unite, gather. inf.
gesomnian Cæd 16. past part. gesomnad,
gesamnode Wulf 18.
gesamnung, fem. assembly, company. dat. sg.
gesomnunge Cæd 21.
samod, adv. simultaneously, together. somod
Wand 39.
sanctus, masc. saint. gen. sg. sanctes. dat. sg.
sancte Æth 1.
adj. saint. masc. gen. sg. sancte Ælf 5,
19.
sang, masc. song. nom. sg. song Cæd 23. gen.
sg. songes Cæd 14. dat. sg. sange Æth 30.
dat. pl. sangum Æth 24.
sangcræft, masc. art of song. acc. sg. songcræft
Cæd 3.
sār, adj. sore, painful, grievous, sorrowful. fem.
nom. pl. sāre Wand 50.
sārlı̄ce, adv. painfully.
sārness, fem. pain. dat. sg. sārnysse Fall 16.
gesāwe → (ge)sēon.
sāwllēasan → sāwollēas.
sāwol, fem. soul. acc. sg. sāwle Ælf 18; Æth
30. nom. pl. sāwla. acc. pl. sāwla. dat. pl.
sāwlum.
sāwollēas, adj. soulless, lifeless. wk. masc. acc.
sg. sāwllēasan Æth 24.
gesāwon → (ge)sēon.
sǣ, fem. sea. acc. sg. Wand 4. dat. pl. sǣm.
gesǣd → secgan.
sǣd- → secgan.
sǣfæreld, neut. sea-journey. dat. sg. sǣfærelde.
sǣflōd, neut. flood.
sægd- → secgan.
sǣgrund, masc. sea-floor. dat. sg. sǣgrunde.
Glossary
sǣlan, wk. 1. fasten, bind, confine. inf. Wand
21.
sǣlida, masc. seafarer.
gesæt → (ge)sittan.
sæt → (ge)sittan.
Sæternesdæg, masc. Saturday. nom. sg. Ælf
15.
scead, neut. shadow. acc. pl. sceadu.
gesceaft, fem. creature, creation, origin, destiny,
nature. nom. sg. Wand 107.
sceal → sculan.
scealc, masc. servant, retainer, warrior, man.
gen. sg. scealces. gen. pl. scealca.
sceall → sculan.
scealt → sculan.
gesceap, neut. form, creature, creation. dat. sg.
gesceape Cæd 24.
gesceapen → (ge)scieppan.
scearp, adj. sharp.
scēawian, wk. 2. look, examine. past 3sg.
scēawode Æth 22.
scel → sculan.
sceol- → sculan.
sceold- → sculan.
sceōp → (ge)scieppan.
gesceōp → (ge)scieppan.
sceþþan, wk. 1. (with dat. object) injure. pl.
sceþþað.
gescieldan, wk. 1. shield, protect. subj. sg.
gescylde.
sciell, fem. shell. acc. sg. scielle.
(ge)scieppan, st. 6. make. past 3sg. sceōp,
gesceōp Cæd 13; Creed 1. past part.
gesceapen Æth 25.
Scieppend, masc. nd-stem. Creator. nom. sg.
scyppend Cæd 13; Wand 85. gen. sg. scyppendes Cæd 11, 44.
Scildinga → Scylding.
scilling, masc. shilling. nom. pl. scillingas.
scı̄nan, st. 1. shine. 3sg. scȳnð, scı̄nð Æth 13.
pl. scı̄nað. past pl. scinon.
scip, neut. ship. dat. sg. scipe. nom. pl. scipu.
acc. pl. scipu. gen. pl. scypa Ælf 21. dat.
pl. scypan Ælf 8.
scipen, noun. stall, shed. scipene Cæd 7.
scolden → sculan.
scopgereord, neut. poetic language. dat. sg.
scopgereorde Cæd 1.
scrift, masc. penance, confessor. dat. sg. scrifte.
scrı̄n, neut. shrine, reliquary.
33
scrȳdan, wk. 1. clothe. inf. Ælf 21.
sculan, pret. pres. be obliged, must, have to,
ought to, shall, should. 1sg. sceal Cæd 10.
2sg. scealt. 3sg. sceal, scel, sceall Wand 37,
56, 65, 66, 70, 73, 112. pl. sculon, sceolon
Cæd 12; Creed 10, 11, 12. past 1sg. sceolde
Wand 8, 19. past 3sg. sceolde Ælf 21; Æth
14; Wand 3. past pl. sceoldon Cæd 6, 29.
subj. sg. scule. subj. past pl. scolden Cæd
39.
gescylde → gescieldan.
Scylding, masc. descendant of Scyld, Dane. gen.
pl. Scyldinga, Scildinga.
scynscaþa, masc. demonic foe.
scȳnð → scı̄nan.
scypa → scip.
scypan → scip.
scyppend → Scieppend.
scyppendes → Scieppend.
scytta, masc. archer. gen. pl. scyttena.
se, demonst. pron. the, that, who, which, that
which, this, in instr. case thereby. masc. nom.
sg. Ælf 1, 5, 15, 20; Æth 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 14,
16, 22, 23, 25, 27, 29, 30; Cæd 5, 26, 31;
Cyn 3, 5, 8, 9, 10, 15, 16, 19; Wand 16,
29, 37, 82, 88, 112; Wulf 11; Bene 4, 6, 7.
masc. acc. sg. þone, þæne Ælf 6, 8, 11, 15,
17, 19; Æth 6, 8, 9, 13, 19, 24; Cæd 3; Cyn
1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 10, 15; Wand 27; Bene 2, 4,
5; Creed 10. masc. gen. sg. þæs Ælf 19;
Æth 5; Cæd 7, 24, 44; Cyn 3, 7, 9, 15, 16.
masc. dat. sg. ðām, þǣm Ælf 1, 13, 18, 21;
Æth 12, 14, 16, 31; Cæd 14, 15, 20, 24, 42;
Cyn 4, 13, 14; Wand 31, 56, 114; Bene 4,
5; Creed 9. fem. nom. sg. sēo Ælf 19; Æth
18, 20, 23, 25, 27; Cæd 20, 24, 44; Fall 1,
4, 13, 17; Wand 95, 100, 115. fem. acc. sg.
þā Ælf 8, 18; Æth 20, 21, 27, 31; Cæd 1,
4, 5, 6, 15, 19, 20, 28; Cyn 1, 5, 7; Fall 14;
Wand 113. fem. gen. sg. þǣre Cæd 41; Fall
18. fem. dat. sg. þǣre Ælf 7, 10; Æth 1,
18, 19, 22, 24, 26, 27; Cæd 7, 15, 28, 30,
39; Cyn 10; Fall 14, 17; Bene 3, 5. neut.
nom. sg. þæt, tæt Ælf 7, 14, 20; Cæd 16,
19, 24, 45; Cyn 13; Fall 2, 6, 12; Wulf 5.
neut. acc. sg. þæt, þā Ælf 18; Æth 4, 14,
19, 22; Cæd 1, 3, 7, 14, 16, 18, 20, 21, 22,
24; Cyn 5, 9; Fall 3, 13; Wulf 18. neut. gen.
sg. þæs Ælf 7; Æth 24, 25, 26, 27; Cæd 2,
21, 24, 31; Cyn 7, 11, 14; Fall 3, 6; Bene 1,
34
2; Creed 11. neut. dat. sg. þām, þǣm Æth
1, 10, 11, 12, 18, 25; Cæd 6, 29, 30, 45;
Fall 1, 4, 5, 8, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17; Creed
8. neut. inst. sg. þȳ, þon Cæd 19, 28, 32,
38, 40; Cyn 14, 17, 18; Wand 49; Wulf 12.
nom. pl. þā Ælf 12, 19; Æth 1, 20, 23; Cæd
23, 37, 39; Cyn 4, 10; Fall 1; Wand 77, 78;
Bene 1, 5; Creed 11, 12. acc. pl. þā Ælf 7,
14; Æth 11, 18, 20, 26; Cæd 4, 11, 16, 22,
29, 44; Cyn 10, 15; Weeks 3. gen. pl. þǣra,
þāra Æth 7; Cæd 7, 11, 21, 24; Fall 2. dat.
pl. þām, þǣm Ælf 12; Cæd 14, 25, 26, 27.
se þe, rel. pron. that, which, who. masc. nom.
sg. Ælf 9; Æth 26; Cæd 9. fem. nom. sg.
sēo ðe Æth 17. fem. dat. sg. ðǣre ðe Fall
19. nom. pl. ðā þe Æth 27; Cæd 1, 4, 27,
29; Cyn 11. acc. pl. þā þe Cæd 14. gen. pl.
þāra þe.
geseah → (ge)sēon.
sealde → sellan.
sealm, masc. psalm. acc. pl. sealmas Æth 21.
sealobrūn, adj. deep brown.
searowrenc, masc. trick. acc. pl. syruwrencas
Ælf 5.
(ge)sēcan, wk. 1. seek. 3sg. sēceð Wand 114.
past 1sg. sōhte Wand 25. inf. gesēcan
Creed 10. infl. inf. tō sēcenne Æth 18.
secg, masc. man. gen. pl. secga Wand 53.
secgan, wk. 3. say, tell. 1sg. secge. 3sg. segð,
segeð. pl. secgað Æth 28, 29, 30. past
3sg. sǣde, sægde Æth 7, 27; Cæd 15; Fall
11. past pl. sægdon, sǣdon Cæd 18. imp.
sg. saga, sege. inf. Cæd 16, 45. past part.
gesǣd.
sefa, masc. mind, spirit. acc. sg. sefan Wand
57.
sege → secgan.
segen, masc. banner, standard.
gesegen → (ge)sēon.
segeð → secgan.
segl, masc. sail.
seglian, wk. 2. sail.
(ge)segnian, wk. 2. sign, cross. past 3sg. gesegnode Cæd 42. pres. part. segniende Cæd
44.
segð → secgan.
geselda, masc. hall-companion. acc. pl. geseldan Wand 53.
seldcyme, masc. seldom coming. nom. pl. seldcymas Wulf 14.
Old English Aerobics
seldhwænne, adv. seldom. Æth 11.
seledrēam, masc. hall-joy, hall-revelry. nom.
pl. seledrēamas Wand 93.
seledrēorig, adj. hall-sorrowful, sorrowful at
separation from the hall. masc. nom. sg.
Wand 25.
selesecg, masc. man of the hall, retainer. nom.
pl. selesecgas Wand 34.
self, refl and indef. pron. himself, herself, myself.
masc. nom. sg. sylf, self, sylfa Æth 8; Oros
4. masc. acc. sg. seolfne, sylfne, selfne Cæd
44. masc. gen. sg. seolfes Cæd 45. masc.
dat. sg. sylfum Cæd 17; Creed 12. fem.
nom. sg. sylf Æth 16. fem. acc. sg. sylfe
Æth 11. fem. dat. sg. sylfre Æth 25. masc.
nom. pl. seolfan, sylf Cæd 23.
sellan, wk. 1. give. 2 sille. past 3sg. sealde Fall
6, 12. inf. syllan Ælf 15.
sencan, wk. 1. submerge.
(ge)sendan, wk. 1. send. 3sg. sendeð. past 3sg.
sende Ælf 1; Æth 18. imp. sg. gesend. inf.
sendan Wand 56. past part. sended Bene
5.
sengan, wk. 1. singe.
sēo → se.
sēo ðe → se þe.
sēoc, adj. sick. fem. acc. sg. sēoce Wulf 14.
seofian, wk. 2. sigh. past pl. seofedun.
seofon, card. num. noun. seven. seofon, sufon
Weeks 1.
adj. seven. masc. acc. pl. Oros 1.
seolf- → self.
(ge)sēon, st. 5. see. 1sg. gesēo. 2sg. gesihst.
3sg. gesihð Wand 46. past 3sg. geseah
Ælf 10; Cæd 6; Fall 6. past pl. gesāwon,
gesāwe. imp. sg. geseoh. inf. gesēon, sēon
Ælf 10. past part. gesegen Cæd 17, 45.
sēoþan, st. 2. boil.
geset, neut. seat, habitation. nom. pl. gesetu
Wand 93.
geseted → (ge)settan.
setl, masc. seat, throne, see. dat. sg. setle.
(ge)settan, wk. 1. set, put, establish, institute,
compose. 1sg. sette Fall 15. past 1sg.
gesette. past 3sg. gesette Æth 8, 27; Cæd
7, 44. past pl. setton. past part. geseted,
geset Cæd 5.
sı̄ → bēon.
sibb, fem. relationship, love, friendship, peace.
dat. sg. sibbe Oros 4.
Glossary
sı̄de, fem. side. dat. sg. sı̄dan.
sı̄e → bēon.
gesı̄ene, adj. visible, evident.
sierwan, wk. 1. contrive, plot. 2sg. syrwst Fall
15.
siex, card. num. noun. six. syx Weeks 1.
siextig, card. num. noun. sixty. syxtig Weeks
1.
siextȳne, card. num. adj. sixteen. syxtȳne Æth
18.
sı̄gan, st. 1. descend, issue. past 3sg. sāh Æth
15.
gesihst → (ge)sēon.
gesihþ, fem. sight. dat. sg. gesihðe, gesyhðe
Cæd 43; Fall 6, 8.
gesihð → (ge)sēon.
sille → sellan.
simle → symble.
sı̄n, adj. his, her, its, their.
sinc, neut. treasure. gen. sg. sinces Wand 25.
sincþegu, fem. receiving of treasure. nom. sg.
sincþege Wand 34.
sindon → bēon.
singan, st. 3. sing. past 3sg. song Cæd 14, 24.
past pl. sungon Æth 21. imp. sg. sing Cæd
7, 10. inf. Cæd 4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 16, 39.
sinscipe, masc. marriage, sexual intercourse.
gen. sg. synscipes Æth 7. dat. sg. synscype,
synscipe Æth 5, 28.
(ge)sittan, st. 5. sit. past 1sg. sæt Wulf 10.
past 3sg. gesæt, sæt Wand 111; Bene 4. inf.
sittan.
sı̄ð → eth.
sı̄þian, wk. 2. travel.
siþþan, adv. afterwards. syþþan, siððan Ælf 7;
Æth 10, 24, 30; Creed 5, 7, 11, 12.
conj. after, since. siððan, syððan Æth
12, 16; Wand 22.
sı̄þum, adv. (dat. pl. of sı̄ð) times. sı̄ðon Weeks
1.
sı̄wian, wk. 2. sew. past pl. sȳwodon Fall 7.
slǣp, masc. sleep. nom. sg. Wand 39. dat. sg.
slǣpe Æth 22; Cæd 14.
slǣpan, st. 7. sleep. pres. part. slǣpende Cæd
14.
slēan, st. 6. strike, kill, pitch. past 3sg. slōh Ælf
18. past pl. slōgon Ælf 4. inf. Æth 20.
slı̄þen, adj. cruel. fem. nom. sg. Wand 30.
slōgon → slēan.
slōh → slēan.
35
smēagan, wk. 2. ponder. pres. part. smēagende.
smolt, adj. peaceful, gentle. neut. acc. pl. Cæd
35.
smylte, adj. mild, peaceable, calm, cheerful. fem.
dat. sg. smyltre Cæd 43. masc. inst. sg.
Cæd 43.
snāw, masc. snow. acc. sg. Wand 48.
snell, adj. quick, bold. gen. pl. snelra.
snı̄wan, wk. 1. snow. past 3sg. snı̄wde.
Snotengahām, masc. Nottingham.
snoternys → snotorness.
snotor, adj. wise. masc. nom. sg. snottor
Wand 111. wk. masc. nom. sg. snotera.
snotorness, fem. wisdom. nom. sg. snoternys.
acc. sg. snotornesse.
snūde, adv. quickly.
gesoden, adj. boiled.
sōfte, adv. softly.
sōhte → (ge)sēcan.
gesomnad → gesamnian.
gesomnian → gesamnian.
gesomnunge → gesamnung.
somod → samod.
sōna, adv. immediately. Æth 15, 19, 27; Cæd
11, 14, 15; Bene 6.
song → sang.
song → singan.
songcræft → sangcræft.
songes → sang.
sorg, fem. sorrow, pain. nom. sg. Wand 30, 39,
50. acc. sg. sorge. dat. pl. sorgum.
sōþ, neut. truth. dat. sg. sōþe Wand 11.
adj. true. wk. masc. dat. sg. sōðan.
sōþlı̄ce, adv. truly. Æth 26; Fall 5.
spanan, st. 7. urge. past 3sg. spēon Æth 9.
spell, neut. story, narrative, homily. acc. sg.
Cæd 18. gen. sg. spelles Cæd 21. dat. pl.
spellum Cæd 24.
spēon → spanan.
spēow → spōwan.
spere, neut. spear.
spōwan, st. 7. succeed (impersonal), go for
someone (dat.). past 3sg. spēow.
sprǣc, fem. speech, statement, saying. acc. sg.
sprǣce.
sprecan, st. 5. speak, converse. 3sg. spriceð
Wand 70. inf. Cæd 28. pres. part. sprecende Cæd 9, 32, 33.
spyrte, fem. basket. acc. pl. spyrtan.
36
stafum → stæf.
stalu, fem. theft, stealing. acc. pl. stala.
stān, masc. stone. nom. sg. Æth 25; Bene 2,
7. acc. sg. Æth 18; Bene 5. dat. sg. stāne
Bene 4.
standan, st. 6. stand, exist. 3sg. stondeð Wand
74, 97, 115. pl. stondaþ Wand 76. past
3sg. stōd Cæd 7. past pl. stōdon Wand 87.
imp. sg. stand. pres. part. standende Æth
19.
stānhliþ, neut. stony cliff, stony slope. acc. pl.
stānhleoþu Wand 101.
stæf, masc. staff, letter, writing. dat. pl. stafum
Cæd 1.
stǣr, neut. story, history. acc. sg. Cæd 24. gen.
sg. stǣres Cæd 21.
steall, masc. place, position.
gesteall, neut. foundation. nom. sg. gesteal
Wand 110.
stefn, fem. voice. acc. sg. stemne Fall 8, 10, 17.
stenc, masc. odor, fragrance. dat. sg. stence.
steorra, masc. star. nom. pl. steorran.
stilness, fem. stillness, quiet, peace. dat. sg. stilnesse Cæd 42.
stincan, st. 3. stink. 3sg. stincð.
stı̄þlı̄ce, adv. firmly, severely. Creed 4.
stōd → standan.
stōdon → standan.
stond- → standan.
storm, masc. storm. nom. pl. stormas Wand
101.
stōw, fem. place. acc. sg. stōwe Cæd 30. dat.
sg. stōwe. dat. pl. stōwum.
strang, adj. strong.
strengþ, fem. strength.
gestrı̄enan, wk. 1. acquire, gain, produce, beget.
past 3sg. gestrȳnde Æth 30.
styccemǣlum, adv. here and there.
stȳpel, masc. steeple. nom. pl. stȳplas.
sufon → seofon.
sulh, fem. athematic. plough. dat. sg. sylh.
sum, indef. pron. a certain, one, some, about.
Cæd 18. masc. nom. sg. Æth 14; Cæd 1, 7.
masc. acc. sg. sumne Æth 18; Wand 81, 82,
83. masc. dat. sg. sumum Æth 29. masc.
inst. sg. sume Bene 1. fem. dat. sg. sumre
Cæd 7. neut. acc. sg. Æth 12. masc. nom.
pl. sume Æth 14. masc. acc. pl. sume Æth
10; Wand 80. neut. acc. pl. sumu Cæd 32.
gesund, adj. sound, whole, healthy. masc. nom.
Old English Aerobics
pl. gesunde Cyn 13.
sundor, adv. apart. Wand 111.
sungon → singan.
Sunnanǣfen, masc. Sunday eve, Saturday
evening. acc. sg. Ælf 17.
Sunnandæg, masc. Sunday.
sunne, fem. sun. gen. sg. sunnan. dat. sg. sunnan.
sunu, masc. u-stem. son. nom. sg. Cyn 18;
Creed 2. nom. pl. suna, suno. acc. pl. suna
Æth 30.
sutelað → sweotolian.
sūþan, adv. from the south. Ælf 16.
Sūþrı̄ge, noun. Surrey. acc. sg. Ælf 2.
Sūþseaxe, masc. the South Saxons. acc. pl.
Sūðsexe Ælf 2.
swā, adv. so, thus, in such a way, as. Ælf 7, 11,
14; Æth 10, 12, 15, 19, 23, 25; Cæd 1, etc.
conj. as, as if. Ælf 7, 20; Æth 9; Cæd 1,
12; Cyn 7; Fall 5; Wand 14, 43, 75, etc.
swā swā, conj. as, just as. Æth 1, 2, 5, 8, 12,
16, 19, 27, 28, 30, etc.
swā þēah, adv. nevertheless. Æth 1, 29; Bene 3.
swān, masc. swineherd. nom. sg. Cyn 2.
swāse → swǣs.
swāt, neut. sweat. dat. sg. swāte Fall 19.
swæc, masc. flavor, taste, fragrance. gen. sg.
swæcces.
swǣs, adj. intimate, beloved, gentle, sweet. masc.
acc. sg. swǣsne Wand 50. fem. nom. pl.
swāse.
swealt → sweltan.
sweart, adj. black, dark. wk. masc. dat. sg.
sweartan.
swebban, wk. 1. put to sleep, kill.
swefn, neut. dream. acc. sg. Cæd 7, 16.
sweg, masc. sound. nom. sg. swēg. acc. sg.
swēg. dat. sg. swege.
geswel, neut. tumor. nom. sg. Æth 12, 13.
acc. sg. geswell Æth 14, 22.
swelc, indef. pron. such, the same. fem. nom.
sg. Oros 4. fem. dat. sg. swylcere, swilcere
Æth 13, 18. dat. pl. swylcum Æth 31.
masc. nom. pl. swelce Oros 2.
swelce, adv. likewise. swilce, swelce, swylce
Æth 23; Cæd 3, 25, 43, 44, 45; Fall 1, 16.
conj. as if, as. swilce, swylce, swelce
Æth 16, 22, 23, 25; Wulf 1; Bene 3, 7.
sweltan, st. 3. die, perish. past 3sg. swealt.
subj. pl. swelton Fall 3.
Glossary
geswencan, wk. 1. trouble, torment, afflict. past
part. geswenct Æth 13.
swēoran → swūra.
gesweorcan, st. 3. become dark. subj. sg.
gesweorce Wand 59.
sweord, neut. sword. nom. sg. sweord, swurd.
gen. sg. sweordes. dat. sg. sweorde,
swurde. gen. pl. sweorda.
sweostor, fem. sister. nom. sg. swustor, swuster, sweostor Æth 17, 24. acc. sg. swustor.
gen. sg. swustor Æth 18.
gesweostor, fem. (pl. only) sisters. dat. pl.
geswustrum Æth 16.
sweotol, adj. evident, manifest. neut. nom. sg.
swutol Æth 26. neut. nom. pl. swutele
Æth 5.
sweotole, adv. clearly, plainly, openly. sweotule
Wand 11.
sweotolian, wk. 2. reveal, make evident, manifest. 3sg. sutelað Ælf 19.
swer, masc. column. nom. pl. sweras.
geswētan, wk. 1. sweeten. past 3sg. geswētte.
swēte, adj. sweet. wk. neut. acc. sg. superl.
swēteste Cæd 22.
swētness, fem. sweetness. acc. sg. swētnisse
Cæd 1. dat. sg. swētnesse Cæd 24.
swica, masc. deceiver, traitor, betrayer.
geswı̄can, st. 1. depart, cease, betray. past pl.
geswicon Ælf 1.
swicol, adj. guileful, false, deceitful.
geswicon → geswı̄can.
swı̄gian, wk. 2. fall silent.
swilc- → swelc.
swilc- → swelce.
swimman, st. 3. swim. pl. swimmað Wand
53.
geswinc, neut. labor, hardship. acc. sg. Æth 12.
dat. pl. geswyncum Fall 17.
swingan, st. 3. beat, flog. past pl. swungon.
swinsung, fem. sound, melody. acc. sg. swinsunge Cæd 18.
swı̄þe, adv. very, very much, severely. swȳðe,
swı̄ðe Ælf 15, 16; Æth 2, 11, 12, 24; Cæd
26, 36, 37; Cyn 8, etc. compar. swı̄ðor. superl. swȳðost Æth 7.
swōt, adj. sweet. dat. pl. swōtum.
swungon → swingan.
swūra, masc. neck. nom. sg. Æth 13. acc. sg.
swūran, swēoran Æth 13; Oros 3. dat. sg.
swūran Æth 12.
37
swūrbēag, masc. torque, necklace. dat. pl.
swūrbēagum Æth 13.
swurd → sweord.
swurde → sweord.
swuster → sweostor.
swustor → sweostor.
geswustrum → gesweostor.
swutele → sweotol.
geswutelian, wk. 2. reveal, prove. 3sg. geswutelað Æth 4. pl. geswuteliað Æth 1. past
part. geswutelod Æth 26.
swutol → sweotol.
swylc- → swelc.
swylc- → swelce.
geswyncum → geswinc.
swȳðe → swı̄þe.
swȳðost → swı̄þe.
sȳ → bēon.
gesyhðe → gesihþ.
sylf- → self.
sylh → sulh.
syllan → sellan.
symbel, neut. feast, banquet. dat. sg. symble
Cæd 6. gen. pl. symbla Wand 93.
symble, adv. always, continuously. simle, symble, symle Cyn 8.
syn, fem. sin. gen. pl. synna Cæd 26.
sȳn → bēon.
synd → bēon.
syndon → bēon.
syndrig, adj. separate, special, various, private.
neut. acc. pl. syndrige Æth 11.
syndriglı̄ce, adv. specially. Cæd 1.
synfull, adj. sinful. masc. nom. sg. synful. wk.
masc. nom. pl. synfullan Creed 11.
synn, fem. sin. dat. pl. synnum.
synscip- → sinscipe.
synscype → sinscipe.
synt → bēon.
syruwrencas → searowrenc.
syrwst → sierwan.
syþþan → siþþan.
sȳwodon → sı̄wian.
syx → siex.
syxtig → siextig.
syxtȳne → siextȳne.
tācen, neut. sign.
getācnian, wk. 2. betoken, represent, signal. past
3sg. getācnode. past part. getācnod.
taltrigan → tealtrian.
38
tǣcan, wk. 1. teach, instruct. 3sg. tǣcð. subj.
sg. tǣce.
getæl, neut. number, account. acc. sg. getæl,
getæll Cæd 21.
tæt → se.
tēah → tēon (3).
teala → tela.
tealtrian, wk. 2. stumble, become unstable. inf.
taltrigan.
tēam, masc. family. nom. sg. Æth 2.
tela, interj. good!. teala Cæd 41.
geteld, neut. tent. acc. sg. Æth 20.
tellan, wk. 1. count, consider, relate.
Temes, noun. Thames. dat. sg. Temese Ælf
2.
tempel, neut. temple. dat. sg. temple.
tēon (1), wk. 1. prepare, furnish, adorn, create.
past 3sg. tēode Cæd 13.
tēon (2), st. 1. accuse.
tēon (3), st. 2. draw, pull. past 3sg. tēah.
tı̄d, fem. time, hour. acc. sg. tı̄de, tı̄d Cæd 5, 7,
28. gen. sg. tı̄de Cæd 41. dat. sg. tı̄de Cæd
7, 28, 39. nom. pl. tı̄da. gen. pl. tı̄da. dat.
pl. tı̄dum.
tı̄eman, wk. 1. have children. past 3sg. tȳmde.
tı̄en, card. num. noun. ten. tȳn Weeks 1.
tigolgeweorc, neut. brick-making. dat. sg.
tigolgeweorce.
tihte → tyhtan.
til, adj. good. masc. nom. sg. Wand 112.
tı̄ma, masc. time. acc. sg. tı̄man Ælf 11. dat.
sg. tı̄man Ælf 3.
getimbran, wk. 1. build. past part. getimbred
Oros 1.
timbrian, wk. 2. build. past pl. timbredon
Bene 1.
timbrung, fem. building, construction. dat. sg.
timbrunge Bene 2.
getı̄mian, wk. 2. happen. past 3sg. getı̄mode
Æth 8.
tintreglic, adj. full of torment, infernal. wk.
neut. gen. sg. tintreglican Cæd 24.
tō, adv. too, in addition, to that place. Æth 9;
Wand 66, 67, 68, 69; Bene 3.
prep. (usually with dat.) to, as, on, for,
from, against. tō, to Ælf 1, 4, 8, 12, 17, 18,
19, 21; Æth 3, 10, etc.
tōbrecan, st. 4. break apart. past 3sg. tōbræc.
tōbrȳtan, wk. 1. crush. 3sg. tōbrȳtt Fall 15.
tōdæg, adv. today.
Old English Aerobics
tōdǣlan, wk. 1. divide. imp. pl. tōdǣlað Weeks
3.
tōfēran, wk. 1. disperse. past 3sg. tōfērde Ælf
20.
tōforan, prep. (with dat.) before. Ælf 12.
tōgēanes, null towards.
tōgeþēodan, wk. 1. add. past 3sg. tōgeþēodde
Cæd 14.
tōl, neut. tool. dat. pl. tōlum.
tōmiddes, adv. in the middle. Bene 2.
tōmorgen, adv. tomorrow.
tōniman, st. 4. divide. past part. tōnumen.
torn, neut. anger, grief, suffering. acc. sg. Wand
112.
tōslı̄tan, st. 1. tear apart. 3sg. tōslı̄teð Wulf
18.
tōþ, masc. athematic. tooth. gen. pl. tōða.
tōweard, adj. future, impending, heading. wk.
masc. gen. sg. tōweardan Cæd 24.
trēow (1), neut. tree. nom. sg. Fall 6. acc. sg.
Fall 3. gen. sg. trēowes Fall 3, 6. dat. sg.
trēowe Fall 1, 4, 5, 8, 11, 12, 17. gen. pl.
trēowa Fall 2.
trēow (2), fem. faith, promise, trust. acc. sg.
trēowe Wand 112.
getrēowe, adj. true, faithful. wk. masc. nom.
sg. getrēowa.
trēowen, adj. wooden. fem. dat. sg. trēowenre
Æth 16.
trēowwyrhta, masc. carpenter.
getrymman, wk. 1. strengthen. pres. part.
getrymmende Cæd 38.
tū → twēgen.
tū → þū, gē.
tūn, masc. enclosure, dwelling, village, town.
gen. pl. tūna.
tunge, fem. tongue. nom. sg. Cæd 44. acc. sg.
tungan Cæd 4.
tūngerēfa, masc. town reeve. dat. sg. tūngerēfan Cæd 15.
tungol, neut. star. gen. sg. tungles.
tūsc, masc. tusk.
twā, card. num. noun. two. Weeks 1.
twēgen, card. num. adj. two. masc. nom. pl.
Bene 2. fem. nom. pl. twā. fem. acc. pl.
tū. neut. acc. pl. twā. dat. pl. twām. dat.
pl. twām Æth 1.
twelf, card. num. noun. twelve.
adj. twelve. masc. acc. sg. Æth 10. neut.
acc. pl. Æth 5.
Glossary
twēntig, card. num. noun. twenty. Weeks 1.
adj. twenty.
twēogan, wk. 2. doubt.
twēone, card. num. adj. (only in construction
be + noun + twēonum = between two of a
thing) two. dat. pl. twēonum.
twı̄a, adv. twice. Weeks 1.
tyhtan, wk. 1. stretch, incite, persuade. past 3sg.
tihte.
tȳmde → tı̄eman.
tȳn → tı̄en.
þā, adv. then. Ælf 2, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15,
17, etc.
conj. when. Ælf 8, 20; Cæd 7, 11, 19, 28,
35.
þā → se.
þā hwı̄le þe, conj. while.
þā þā, conj. when. Æth 5; Fall 8.
ðā þe → se þe.
þāfian, wk. 2. allow, consent to. past 3sg. þāfode
Cæd 20.
ðāh → þēon.
ðām → se.
þancian, wk. 2. (with dat. of person and gen.
of thing) thank. past 3sg. þancode Æth 12.
pres. part. ðancigende Æth 20.
þanon, adv. thence. þonan, þanon Wand 23;
Creed 11.
conj. from which, whence. Ælf 10.
þāra → se.
þāra þe → se þe.
þās → þes.
þǣm → se.
þæne → se.
þǣr, adv. there. Ælf 6, 7, 10, 14, 16, 17, 19;
Æth 14, 15, 19, etc.
conj. where. Ælf 10; Cyn 10; Fall 8;
Wand 115.
þǣr þǣr, conj. where. Æth 24.
þǣra → se.
þǣre → se.
ðǣre ðe → se þe.
þǣrinne, adv. therein, inside. Cyn 15.
þǣrof, adv. from there. Creed 6.
þǣrtō, adv. thereto, to it, belonging to. Æth 19;
Cyn 10.
þæs, adv. afterwards.
þæs → se.
þæs þe, conj. after. Æth 10; Cyn 3.
þæt, conj. that, so that. Ælf 3, 15, 18, 21; Æth
39
4, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, etc.
þæt → se.
þætte, rel. pron. that. neut. nom. sg. Wulf 18.
conj. that, when. Cæd 1, 23, 39, 43.
þe, rel. pron. that, which, who, where. Ælf 5;
Æth 1, 6, 8, 11, 21, 23, 27, 31; Cæd 5, 11,
15, 30, 32, 44; Cyn 1, 4, 9, 13, 14, 15; Fall
1, 2, 3, 11, 17; Wand 10, 27, 29, 31, 37, 56,
112, 114; Creed 1, 3, 12. nom. Æth 22.
acc. Æth 7; Fall 12. acc. pl. Cyn 10.
conj. when, where, than. Ælf 11; Cyn 14.
ðē → þū, gē.
þēah, adv. though, nevertheless. Cyn 15.
conj. though, although.
þēah þe, conj. although, even if. Æth 1, 8, 10;
Fall 4; Wand 2.
þearf, fem. need, benefit. nom. sg. Cæd 33. dat.
sg. ðearfe Creed 2.
þearle, adv. severely, exceedingly, vigorously.
þēaw, masc. custom, habit, morals. nom. sg.
Cæd 29; Wand 12. acc. pl. ðēawas.
þegn, masc. servant, retainer, nobleman, master.
nom. sg. Cæd 31; Cyn 10. acc. sg. Cæd 30.
dat. sg. ðegne Æth 29. nom. pl. þegnas
Cyn 7, 9. dat. pl. þēnum.
þegnian, wk. 2. serve. inf. Cæd 29.
þēgon → (ge)þicgan.
geþencan, wk. 1. think of, imagine, remember.
inf. Wand 58.
þenden, conj. while.
þēnian, wk. 2. serve. inf. Æth 11.
þēnum → þegn.
þēod, fem. nation, people, country. acc. sg.
ðēode. gen. pl. þēoda.
geþēodan, wk. 1. join. past 3sg. geþēodde Cæd
21.
þēode → þēowan.
þēoden, masc. ruler, king. gen. sg. þēodnes
Wand 95.
geþēodness, fem. joining, association. dat. sg.
geþēodnisse Cæd 2.
þēodscipe, masc.
association,
discipline,
training, instruction, erudition. dat. pl.
þēodscipum Cæd 26.
þēon, st. 1. prosper, benefit someone (dat.). past
3sg. ðāh.
þēos → þes.
ðeosse → þes.
þeossum → þes.
þēow, masc. servant, slave. acc. pl. ðēowas Æth
40
6. gen. pl. þēowa Cæd 21.
þēowa, masc. servant, slave.
þēowan, wk. 1. serve. past 3sg. þēode Cæd 43.
þēowen, fem. female servant, handmaiden.
þēowian, wk. 2. serve. past 3sg. þēowode. inf.
Æth 9.
þes, demonst. pron. this. masc. nom. sg. Æth
13; Wand 62. masc. acc. sg. þysne, þisne
Ælf 21; Æth 26; Wand 75, 85, 88. masc.
dat. sg. þeossum, ðisum Cæd 8. fem. nom.
sg. þēos. fem. acc. sg. þās Æth 8; Cæd 11;
Wand 58. fem. gen. sg. ðeosse, þisse, þisere Cæd 1; Wand 74. neut. nom. sg. þis
Æth 13; Cæd 11; Wand 110. neut. acc. sg.
þis Æth 24; Fall 14; Wand 89. neut. dat.
sg. þissum, ðysum, ðisum Ælf 1, 4, 5, 12;
Æth 27. acc. pl. þās Wand 91, 101. fem.
nom. pl. þās Ælf 3. neut. acc. pl. þās.
ðı̄ lǣs ðe → þȳ lǣs þe.
(ge)þicgan, st. 5. accept, receive, eat. past pl.
þēgon. inf. geþicgean Cyn 8.
þider, adv. thither, to that place. þider, þyder
Cyn 7, 10; Bene 6.
þider þe, conj. whither, towards the place where.
þı̄estru, fem. darkness.
þı̄n, adj. your, of you. masc. acc. sg. þı̄nne. fem.
acc. sg. ðı̄ne Fall 10. neut. acc. sg. Fall 15.
masc. gen. sg. ðı̄nes Fall 19. neut. gen. sg.
ðı̄nes Fall 14, 17. masc. dat. sg. ðı̄num Fall
15. fem. dat. sg. þı̄nre Cæd 33. neut. dat.
sg. ðı̄num Fall 14, 17. masc. nom. pl. þı̄ne
Wulf 14. fem. nom. pl. þı̄ne Wulf 13. fem.
acc. pl. ðı̄ne Fall 16. dat. pl. þı̄num.
þinceð → þyncan.
þı̄nen, fem. maid-servant, handmaid. acc. sg.
þı̄nene. dat. pl. þı̄nenum Æth 11.
þing, neut. thing, reason. acc. sg. Ælf 15. gen.
sg. þinges. acc. pl. Cæd 32; Creed 1. dat.
pl. þingum.
geþinge, neut. agreement, result.
þis → þes.
þisere → þes.
þisne → þes.
þisse → þes.
þissum → þes.
ðisum → þes.
geþōht, masc. thought. inst. sg. geþōhte Wand
88. nom. pl. geþōhtas.
(ge)þolian, wk. 2. suffer, endure, remain, lose.
past 3sg. þolode, geðolode Æth 12; Creed
Old English Aerobics
4.
þon → se.
þonan, adv. thence, from there.
þonan → þanon.
þone → se.
þonne, adv. then. Ælf 4; Æth 11; Cæd 6; Cyn
7; Fall 5; Wand 45, 49, 88, 103; Creed 10,
etc.
conj. when, than. Ælf 4; Æth 13, 26;
Cæd 6; Cyn 12; Fall 1; Wand 39, 51, 60,
70, etc.
þorftun → þurfan.
þorn, masc. thorn. acc. pl. ðornas Fall 18.
þracu, fem. power, violence, attack. acc. sg.
þræce.
þrāg, fem. time, period. nom. sg. Wand 95.
þrang → (ge)þringan.
þræce → þracu.
þrēagan, wk. 2. chastise.
þrēat, masc. band of men, army, violence, cruelty. acc. sg. Wulf 2, 7.
þrēo, card. num. noun. three. Weeks 1.
þrēo → þrı̄e.
þridda, ord. num. adj. third. wk. fem. nom. sg.
þridde. wk. masc. dat. sg. ðriddan Æth 16.
þrı̄e, card. num. adj. three. masc. nom. pl. þrı̄e,
þrȳ Bene 2. masc. acc. pl. þrȳ Æth 30. fem.
acc. pl. þrēo. neut. acc. pl. þrēo. dat. pl.
ðrim.
(ge)þringan, st. 3. crowd, press, oppress. past
3sg. þrang. past part. geþrungen.
þrı̄tig, card. num. noun. thirty. þrȳttig, ðrı̄ttig
Æth 29, 30; Weeks 1.
þrı̄wa, adv. thrice. Weeks 1.
þrōwian, wk. 2. suffer. past 3sg. þrōwode
Creed 4. subj. past sg. þrōwade.
þrōwung, fem. passion. dat. sg. þrōwunge Cæd
24.
þrūh, fem. athematic. coffin. nom. sg. Æth 25.
acc. sg. Æth 19, 20. dat. sg. þrȳh Æth 24.
geþrungen → (ge)þringan.
þrȳ → þrı̄e.
þryccan, wk. 1. oppress, afflict. past part.
þrycced Cæd 28.
þrȳh → þrūh.
þrym, masc. army, might, splendor. nom. sg.
Wand 95.
þrymful, adj. filled with glory.
þrȳttig → þrı̄tig.
þrȳþ, fem. might, splendor, multitude, host.
Glossary
nom. pl. þrȳþe Wand 99.
þū, gē, pers. pron. you. nom. sg. þū, ðu, tū
Cæd 9, 33; Fall 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
18, 19; Wulf 16. acc. sg. ðē Fall 16. dat.
sg. ðē Cæd 33; Fall 11, 15, 17, 18. nom. pl.
gē Æth 28; Fall 1, 4, 5. acc. pl. ēow. dat.
pl. ēow Cæd 37; Fall 1. nom. dual git, gyt.
geþūht → þyncan.
þūhte → þyncan.
þunorrād, fem. peal of thunder. nom. pl.
ðunorrāda.
þurfan, pret. pres. have need, have occasion. past
pl. þorftun.
þurh, prep. (usually with acc., sometimes with
dat. or gen.) through, by, by means of, because of. þuruh, þurh Ælf 3, 5; Æth 2, 8,
25, 26, 27; Cæd 1, 3, 6, etc.
þurhdrı̄fan, st. 1. drive through. past pl.
þurhdrifan.
þurhfaran, st. 6. pass through, penetrate, pierce.
3sg. þurhfærð.
þurhwunian, wk. 2. remain, persevere. 3sg.
þurhwunað Æth 8. past 3sg. þurhwunode
Æth 8.
þus, adv. thus, so. þus, þuss Cæd 33.
þūsend, card. num. noun. thousand. Ælf 14.
nom. pl. ðūsend, þūsenda, þūsendu.
þwēan, st. 6. wash. past pl. þwōgon Æth 24.
þȳ → se.
þȳ lǣs, conj. lest.
þȳ lǣs þe, conj. lest. ðı̄ lǣs ðe Fall 3.
þyder → þider.
geþyldelı̄ce, adv. patiently.
geþyldig, adj. patient. masc. nom. sg. Wand
65.
þyncan, wk. 1. seem to someone (dat.). 3sg.
þinceð Wand 41. past 3sg. þūhte Cæd 31;
Fall 6. past part. geþūht Æth 13, 16.
geþyncþ, fem. dignity, rank. dat. pl. geþyncðum.
þyrstan, wk. 1. be thirsty. pres. part. sg. þyrstendne.
þysne → þes.
ðysum → þes.
ufan, adv. from above.
ūhte, fem. dawn. dat. sg. ūhtan. gen. pl.
ūhtna Wand 8.
ūhtsang, masc. lauds, nocturns. acc. sg. ūhtsong Cæd 39.
unārı̄medlic, adj. innumerable.
41
unāsecgendlic, adj. inexpressible. neut. nom.
sg. Ælf 7.
unc → ic, wē.
uncer, adj. our, of us two. masc. acc. sg. uncerne Wulf 16. neut. acc. sg. Wulf 19.
unclǣne, adj. unclean. masc. dat. sg. unclǣnum.
under, prep. (with dat. or acc.) under. Æth 12;
Fall 16; Wand 96, 107.
underfōn, st. 7. receive. 2sg. underfēhst. past
pl. underfēngon Ælf 19.
underniman, st. 4. receive. past 3sg. undernam.
underþēodan, wk. 1. add, subjugate, subject.
past part. underþēoded Cæd 26.
undierne, adj. not secret, manifest. masc. nom.
sg. undyrne.
unearg, adj. not cowardly. masc. acc. sg. uneargne.
unforht, adj. unafraid.
unfriþ, masc. strife.
ungefēalı̄ce, adv. unhappily. Cyn 17.
ungelı̄c, adj. different. neut. nom. sg. Wulf 3.
ungelı̄ce, adv. differently. Wulf 8.
ungemet, neut. lack of moderation. dat. sg.
ungemete Oros 4.
ungesǣlþ, fem. misfortune. nom. pl. ungesǣlða
Ælf 3.
ungewemmed, adj. (past part.) undefiled, pure.
fem. nom. sg. Æth 5, 8, 26.
unhēanlı̄ce, adv. not ignobly. Cyn 5.
unnan, pret. pres. grant, give, allow. past pl.
ūþon Cyn 11.
unrǣd, masc. folly, crime, treachery. acc. pl.
unrǣdas Ælf 3.
unriht, adj. illegal, unjust, wicked, sinful. dat. pl.
unryhtum Cyn 1.
unscyldig, adj. innocent.
unstilness, fem. lack of quiet, tumult. acc. sg.
unstilnesse Cyn 7.
unsȳfre, adj. unclean. wk. masc. nom. sg.
unsȳfra.
untrum, adj. infirm, sick. gen. pl. untrumra
Cæd 29. wk. masc. acc. pl. compar. untrumran Cæd 29.
untrumness, fem. illness. dat. sg. untrumnysse, untrymnesse Æth 13; Cæd 28.
geuntrumod, adj. (past part.) sick. fem. nom.
sg. Æth 12.
untrymnesse → untrumness.
42
unþanc, masc. displeasure.
unþances, adv. unwillingly.
unþēaw, masc. vice, sin. dat. pl. unþēawum
Oros 2.
unwemme, adj. undefiled, pure. fem. acc. sg.
Æth 6.
unwendedlic, adj. unchangeable. masc. nom.
sg. Bene 3.
ūp, adv. up. ūp, ūpp Æth 18; Bene 2, 5, 7.
ūpāstı̄gness, fem. ascension. dat. sg. ūpāstı̄gnesse Cæd 24.
ūplic, adj. high, lofty, supreme. dat. pl. ūplicum.
uppan, prep. upon.
ūre, adj. our, ours. masc. nom. sg. Æth 31.
masc. acc. sg. ūrne. masc. gen. sg. ūres.
neut. acc. pl. Ælf 4. dat. pl. ūrum Æth 8.
ūre → ic, wē.
urnon → irnan.
ūs → ic, wē.
ūt, adv. out. Æth 15; Cæd 7, 8; Cyn 5.
ūtan, adv. from outside, outside. Cyn 4.
utan → uton, wuton.
ūtgān, anom. verb. go out.
ūtgang, masc. departure. dat. sg. ūtgonge Cæd
24.
uton, wuton, let us.
ūþon → unnan.
uuiþ → wiþ.
wāc, adj. weak, cowardly. masc. nom. sg. Wand
67.
wacian, wk. 2. be awake, keep watch. pres. part.
waciende.
wadan, st. 6. go, advance, travel. past 1sg. wōd
Wand 24. inf. Wand 5.
waldend → wealdend.
wammful, adj. impure, criminal, sinful. masc.
nom. sg. womfull.
wandrian, wk. 2. wander. past 3sg. wandrode.
wange, neut. cheek.
wanhȳdig, adj. careless, rash, reckless. masc.
nom. sg. Wand 67.
wann, adj. dark. masc. nom. sg. won, wonn
Wand 103. wk. masc. nom. sg. wonna.
warian, wk. 2. beware, guard, defend, hold, possess. 3sg. warað Wand 32.
was → bēon.
wāt → witan.
gewāt → gewı̄tan.
waþum, masc. wave. gen. pl. waþema Wand
Old English Aerobics
24, 57.
gewǣd, fem. clothing, garment. nom. pl. gewǣda Æth 23. dat. pl. gewǣdum Æth 24.
wǣdbrēc, fem. breeches. acc. pl. Fall 7.
wǣg, masc. wave. acc. pl. wēgas Wand 46.
wægn, masc. waggon, cart, carriage.
wæl, neut. slaughter, collectively the slain.
wælcēasega, masc. chooser of the slain, corpsepicker.
wælgı̄fre, adj. greedy for slaughter. neut. nom.
pl. wælgı̄fru Wand 100.
wælrēow, adj.
slaughter-cruel, bloodthirsty.
masc. nom. pl. wælrēowe Wulf 6.
wælsliht, masc. slaughter. gen. pl. wælsleahta
Wand 7, 91.
wælstōw, fem. (with gen. or dat.) place of
slaughter, battlefield (wealdan wælstōwe = win
the battle). gen. sg. wælstōwe.
wǣpen, neut. weapon. nom. pl. Wand 100.
wǣpengewrixl, neut. exchange of weapons. gen.
sg. wǣpengewrixles.
wǣr- → bēon.
wæs → bēon.
wæstm, masc. fruit. dat. sg. wæstme Fall 2, 3,
6.
wæter, neut. water. gen. sg. wæteres. dat. sg.
wætere. acc. pl. wæteru.
wæterǣdre, fem. vein of water, artery of water,
spring. nom. pl. wæterǣdran.
wē → ic, wē.
(ge)wealdan, st. 7. rule, control, have (with
gen. or dat. object). 3sg. gewylt Fall 16.
past pl. wēoldon.
wealdend, masc. nd-stem. ruler. nom. pl.
waldend Wand 78.
weall, masc. wall. nom. sg. weal Wand 98.
acc. sg. Æth 19. dat. sg. wealle Wand 80.
nom. pl. weallas Wand 76.
wealsteal, masc. wall-place, foundation?. acc.
sg. Wand 88.
weard, masc. guard, guardian. nom. sg. Cæd
13. acc. sg. Cæd 12.
wearm, adj. warm.
wearme, adv. warmly.
wearð → (ge)weorþan.
gewearð → (ge)weorþan.
weaxan, st. 7. grow, increase. past 3sg. wēox
Æth 12. imp. pl. weaxað.
weccan, wk. 1. wake. inf. weccean.
wedd, neut. agreement, covenant. gen. sg. wed-
Glossary
des.
weder, neut. weather. nom. sg. Wulf 10.
weg, masc. road, way. acc. sg. Wand 53. dat.
sg. wege. gen. pl. wega.
wēgas → wǣg.
wegnest, neut. journey-food. inst. sg. wegneste
Cæd 38.
wel, adv. well, indeed, fully. Æth 11, 13; Cæd
1, 20, 41; Wand 114; Creed 12.
wela, masc. wealth, prosperity. nom. sg. Wand
74. acc. sg. welan.
weldōnd, masc. performer of good deeds, benefactor. dat. pl. weldōndum.
welme → wielm.
wēn, fem. hope, expectation. nom. pl. wēna
Wulf 13. dat. pl. wēnum Wulf 9.
wēna, masc. idea, opinion, hope, expectation.
dat. sg. wēnan.
wēnan, wk. 1. (with gen.) expect. past pl.
wēndon.
(ge)wendan, wk. 1. (frequently with refl. pron.)
turn, change, go, return. past 3sg. wende.
past pl. wendon Ælf 8. subj. sg. gewende
Fall 19.
Wendle, masc. Wendels (an unidentified nation). gen. pl. Wendla.
wenian, wk. 2. accustom, entertain. past 3sg.
wenede Wand 36. inf. Wand 29.
wēoldon → (ge)wealdan.
weorc, neut. work, workmanship, deed. acc. sg.
Cæd 12. dat. sg. weorce Fall 17. dat. pl.
weorcum Æth 2.
geweorc, neut. work, construction, fortification.
nom. pl. Wand 87.
weorcgerēfa, masc. overseer. dat. pl. weorcgerēfum.
weorcstān, masc. hewn stone. gen. pl. weorcstāna Æth 18.
weorode → werian (2).
weorpan, st. 3. throw, cast. imp. sg. wurp.
weorþ, neut. value, price.
(ge)weorþan, st. 3. become, be, turn, change.
2sg. gewyrst Fall 19. 3sg. weorþeð, wyrð
Wand 110. past 3sg. wearð, gewearð Ælf
15; Æth 2, 3, 5, 10, 12, 16, 17; Cyn 7; Oros
1; Bene 7. past pl. wurdon, wurdun Æth
27; Fall 7. subj. past sg. wurde Æth 4. inf.
weorþan Wand 64. past part. geworden
Cæd 43.
(ge)weorþian, wk. 2. honor, worship, exalt. past
43
3sg. wurðode Æth 6. past pl. wurþodon.
imp. pl. weorða. infl. inf. tō weorðianne.
past part. gewurðod, geweorðad Æth 2;
Cæd 1.
weorþmynt, fem. honor, glory. nom. sg. wurðmynt Æth 31.
weoruld → woruld.
weoruldhāde → woruldhād.
wēox → weaxan.
wēpan, st. 7. weep.
wer, masc. man, husband. nom. sg. Æth 30;
Wand 64; Bene 6. acc. sg. Æth 8. gen. sg.
weres Fall 16; Creed 3. dat. sg. were Fall
6; Bene 5. nom. pl. weras Æth 31; Wulf
6. acc. pl. weras Ælf 7. gen. pl. wera Bene
4. dat. pl. werum Æth 1.
werian (1), wk. 1. defend. 3sg. wereð. past
3sg. werede Cyn 5.
werian (2), wk. 2. wear. past 3sg. weorode
Æth 11.
wērig, adj. weary. neut. nom. sg. Wand 15.
masc. acc. sg. wērigne Wand 57.
werod, neut. army, troop. inst. sg. werode
Cyn 4.
wesan, anom. verb. be. 2sg. wes.
wēste, adj. waste, uncultivated, barren, ruined.
masc. nom. sg. Wand 74.
wēsten, neut. wilderness, desert. dat. sg. wēstenne, wēstene.
Westseaxe, Westseaxan, masc. West Saxons.
gen. pl. Westseaxna Cyn 1.
wı̄c, neut. habitation. dat. sg. wı̄ce.
wicg, neut. horse. dat. sg. wicge.
wı̄cian, wk. 2. camp, dwell, live. pl. wı̄ciað.
past part. gewı̄code.
wı̄de, adv. widely. Ælf 20.
wı̄dlāst, masc. long journey. dat. pl. wı̄dlāstum
Wulf 9.
wielm, masc. boiling, burning, fervor. dat. sg.
welme Cæd 27.
gewierpan, wk. 1. recover. inf. gewurpan Æth
16.
wierþe, adj. worth, valued, precious, worthy, deserving. fem. nom. sg. wyrðe Æth 13. masc.
gen. sg. wyrðes Cæd 14. masc. nom. pl.
wyrþe Oros 2.
wı̄f, neut. woman, wife. nom. sg. Fall 2, 6, 8,
12. gen. sg. wı̄fes Cyn 7; Fall 17. dat. sg.
wı̄fe Æth 3, 29; Fall 1, 4, 13, 15, 16. nom.
pl. Æth 31. acc. pl. Ælf 7. dat. pl. wı̄fum.
44
wı̄fcȳþþu, fem. company of a woman. dat. sg.
wı̄fcȳþþe Cyn 4.
gewı̄fian, wk. 2. marry. past 3sg. gewı̄fode.
wı̄fman, masc. woman.
gewı̄fode → gewı̄fian.
wı̄g, neut. war, battle. nom. sg. Wand 80.
wiga, masc. warrior. nom. sg. Wand 67.
wı̄gend, masc. nd-stem. warrior.
adj. fighting. gen. pl. wı̄gendra.
wiites → wı̄te.
wilddēor, neut. wild beast, wild animal. dat. pl.
wildēorum Fall 14.
wile → willan.
will, neut. desire. gen. sg. willes.
willan, anom. verb. wish, be willing, desire, will.
2sg. wylt. 3sg. wile Æth 4. pl. wyllað,
willað Æth 1; Wulf 2, 7. past 3sg. wolde
Æth 5, 9, 11, 18, 20; Cyn 3; Wand 28; Oros
4; Creed 6. past pl. woldon Ælf 7, 21; Cæd
27. subj. sg. wille Wand 14, 72.
negated. 1sg. nylle, nelle. past 3sg.
nolde Ælf 3, 15; Æth 4; Cyn 8. past pl.
noldon Cyn 11, 12.
gewilnian, wk. 2. wish, ask. past 3sg. gewilnode Æth 10.
wilsumness, fem. devotion. dat. sg. wilsumnesse Cæd 43.
Wiltūnscı̄r, fem. Wiltshire. dat. sg. Wiltūnscı̄re Ælf 2.
wı̄n, neut. wine. nom. sg. Ælf 16. dat. sg.
wı̄ne.
Winceasterlēode, fem. the people of Winchester.
wind, masc. wind. dat. sg. winde Wand 76.
windan, st. 3. wind, twist, fly in a circle. past pl.
wundon. past part. wunden Wand 32.
wine, masc. friend, lord, husband.
winedryhten, masc. friend and lord. gen. sg.
winedryhtnes Wand 37.
winelēas, adj. friendless. masc. nom. sg. Wand
45.
winemǣg, masc. dear kinsman. gen. pl. winemǣga Wand 7.
wı̄ngeard, masc. vineyard. dat. sg. wı̄ngearde.
gewinn, neut. labor, profit, strife, battle. acc. sg.
gewin Oros 4.
winnan, st. 3. labor, struggle, contend. subj. past
sg. wunne.
wı̄nsæl, neut. wine-hall. nom. pl. wı̄nsalo
Wand 78.
Old English Aerobics
winter, masc. u-stem. winter, year. gen. sg.
wintres Wand 103. gen. pl. wintra Cyn 3,
16, 18; Wand 65; Oros 1.
wintercearig, adj. sorrowful as winter. masc.
nom. sg. Wand 24.
wiotan → wita.
gewis, adj. certain, aware. masc. nom. sg. Cæd
45.
wı̄s, adj. wise. masc. nom. sg. Wand 64. masc.
inst. sg. wı̄se Wand 88. dat. pl. wı̄sum. wk.
masc. nom. sg. compar. wı̄sra.
wı̄sdōm, masc. wisdom.
wı̄se, fem. manner, subject matter. acc. sg.
wı̄san Cæd 19, 27. dat. pl. wı̄sum Æth 4.
wisse → witan.
wist, fem. abundance, nourishment, feast. dat.
sg. wiste Wand 36.
wiston → witan.
wit → ic, wē.
wita, masc. wise man, counselor. nom. sg.
Wand 65. nom. pl. witan, wiotan Ælf 1,
12; Cyn 1.
witan, pret. pres. know, understand. 1sg. wāt
Æth 13; Wand 11. 3sg. wāt Fall 5; Wand
29, 37. pl. witon Creed 2, 9. past 3sg.
wisse Wand 27. past pl. wiston Cæd 36.
subj. sg. wite. pres. part. witende Fall 5.
gewı̄tan, st. 1. depart. past gewiton. past 1sg.
gewāt Cæd 8. past 3sg. gewāt Æth 5, 16;
Wand 95. imp. sg. gewı̄t.
wı̄te, neut. punishment. gen. sg. wiites Cæd 24.
gen. pl. wı̄ta.
wı̄tega, masc. prophet.
wı̄tegian, wk. 2. prophesy, predict. past 3sg.
wı̄tegode Æth 12.
gewı̄teness, fem. departure. gen. sg. gewı̄tenesse Cæd 28.
witod, adj. decreed.
witodlı̄ce, adv. truly, indeed.
gewiton → gewı̄tan.
wiþ, adv. towards, against. Ælf 3.
prep. (with acc., dat. or gen.) towards,
against, in exchange for, with (of conversation or negotiation), near. wið, uuiþ Ælf 4,
15; Æth 19; Cæd 9, 27; Cyn 3.
wiþ þām þe, conj. on condition that, provided
that. Ælf 1.
wiþstondan, st. 6. withstand. inf. Wand 15.
wlanc, adj. splendid, lofty, proud, arrogant. fem.
nom. sg. wlonc Wand 80.
Glossary
wlitig, adj. beautiful. neut. nom. sg. Fall 6.
wlonc → wlanc.
wōd → wadan.
wōdlı̄ce, adv. madly.
wōh, adj. crooked, depraved, evil, unjust. wk.
masc. nom. sg. wō.
wolcen, neut. cloud, sky, heaven. dat. sg.
wolcne. dat. pl. wolcnum.
wolde → willan.
woldon → willan.
wōma, masc. noise, tumult. nom. sg. Wand
103.
womfull → wammful.
won → wann.
wonn → wann.
wonna → wann.
wōp, masc. weeping, lamentation.
word, neut. word. acc. sg. Cæd 44. dat. sg.
worde. acc. pl. Cæd 11, 14, 18, 44; Wand
91. dat. pl. wordum Cæd 14.
geworden → (ge)weorþan.
geworht- → (ge)wyrcan.
worht- → (ge)wyrcan.
wōrian, wk. 2. wander, decay. pl. wōriað
Wand 78.
worn, masc. multitude. acc. sg. Wand 91.
woruld, fem. world. acc. sg. woruld, weoruld
Wand 58, 107. gen. sg. worulde Cæd 2;
Wand 74. dat. sg. worulde Ælf 10; Æth
16; Cæd 30; Creed 11, 12.
woruldhād, masc. secular life. acc. sg. Cæd 20.
dat. sg. weoruldhāde Cæd 5.
woruldlic, adj. worldly. dat. pl. woruldlicum.
woruldman, masc. athematic. layman. nom.
pl. woruldmenn Æth 28.
woruldrı̄ce, neut. kingdom of the world. dat. sg.
Wand 65.
woruldþing, neut. worldly thing, worldly affair.
acc. pl. woruldþincg Æth 9.
wōþ, fem. noise, speech, song.
wrāþ, adj. angry, hostile, terrible, grievous, cruel.
gen. pl. wrāþra Wand 7.
wræc → wrecan.
wræclāst, masc. path of exile. nom. sg. Wand
32. acc. pl. wræclāstas Wand 5.
wræcmæcg, masc. exile, outcast, wretch, devil.
nom. sg. wræcmæcgas.
wrecan, st. 5. drive, push, avenge, take revenge.
past 3sg. wræc Cyn 2; Oros 3.
wreoton → wrı̄tan.
45
gewrit, neut. writing, scripture. gen. sg. gewrites Cæd 24.
wrı̄tan, st. 1. write. past pl. wreoton Cæd 23.
wrı̄þan, st. 1. twist, bind, torture.
wrixendlı̄ce, adv. in turn. Cæd 36.
wudu, masc. wood, forest. dat. sg. wuda Wulf
17.
wuldor, neut. glory. nom. sg. Æth 26, 31. dat.
sg. wuldre Æth 16, 31.
wuldorfæder, masc. Father of glory. gen. sg.
Cæd 12.
wulf, masc. wolf. nom. sg. Wand 82; Wulf 17.
nom. pl. wulfas.
gewuna, masc. custom, habit. dat. sg. gewunan.
gewunade → (ge)wunian.
wunade → (ge)wunian.
wund, fem. wound. nom. sg. Æth 23.
wunden → windan.
wundenlocc, adj. wavy-haired.
gewundian, wk. 2. wound. past 3sg. gewundode Cyn 5. past part. gewundad Cyn 8,
15.
wundon → windan.
wundor, neut. wonder, miracle. nom. pl. wundra Æth 1, 5. gen. pl. wundra Cæd 12.
wundorlic, adj. wonderful, strange. neut. nom.
sg. Æth 1, 25.
wundorlı̄ce, adv. wonderfully, miraculously.
Æth 31.
wundrian, wk. 2. wonder, be astonished. past
3sg. wundrode Cæd 31.
wundrum, adv. wondrously. Wand 98.
wundrung, fem. wonder, spectacle. dat. sg.
wundrunge Æth 24.
(ge)wunian, wk. 2. live (in a place), dwell,
remain, be accustomed. past 3sg. wunode,
gewunade, wunade Æth 1, 5, 10; Cæd 1;
Cyn 1, 2; Bene 3. past pl. wunodon Æth
31. inf. wunian Creed 11. pres. part. wunigende Æth 30.
wunne → winnan.
wunung, fem. dwelling. acc. sg. wununge
Creed 12.
wurde → (ge)weorþan.
wurdon → (ge)weorþan.
wurdun → (ge)weorþan.
wurp → weorpan.
gewurpan → gewierpan.
wurðmynt → weorþmynt.
46
gewurþod- → (ge)weorþian.
wurþod- → (ge)weorþian.
wuton, let us. subj. pl. Cæd 41.
wyllað → willan.
wyllen, adj. woollen. neut. acc. sg. Æth 11.
wylspring, masc. spring. nom. pl. wylspringas.
gewylt → (ge)wealdan.
wylt → willan.
wynn, fem. joy, pleasure. nom. sg. wyn Wand
36; Wulf 12. dat. pl. wynnum Wand 29.
wynsum, adj. pleasant, delightful, joyful. masc.
gen. sg. wynsumes. neut. nom. pl. wynsumu Cæd 23. wk. fem. acc. sg. wynsuman.
(ge)wyrcan, wk. 1. make, create, build, perform,
bring about. 3sg. wyrcð Æth 1. past 3sg.
worhte, geworhte Æth 23; Cæd 24, 25;
Fall 1; Creed 1. past pl. worhton Æth 30;
Fall 7. imp. sg. wyrc. inf. wyrcan Cæd 1,
3, 4. past part. geworht Æth 19, 25; Cæd
1.
wyrd, fem. event, fate, fortune, destiny. nom.
sg. Wand 5, 100. gen. sg. wyrde. dat.
sg. wyrde Wand 15. gen. pl. wyrda Wand
107.
wyrm, masc. serpent, snake, dragon. nom. pl.
wyrmas.
wyrmlı̄c, neut. likeness of a serpent. dat. pl.
wyrmlı̄cum Wand 98.
wyrms, neut. pus. nom. sg. Æth 15.
gewyrst → (ge)weorþan.
wyrt, fem. plant, herb, vegetable. nom. pl.
wyrta. acc. pl. wyrta Fall 18. dat. pl. wyrtum.
wyrtwala, masc. root. dat. sg. wyrtwalan Bene
3.
wyrð → (ge)weorþan.
Old English Aerobics
wyrðe → wierþe.
wyrðes → wierþe.
wȳscan, wk. 1. wish. 1sg. wȳsce. past 3sg.
wȳscte Oros 3.
yfel, neut. evil, harm. acc. sg. Fall 5. gen. sg.
yfeles. dat. sg. yfele Ælf 4. gen. pl. yfela.
adj. evil, wretched, sick. masc. dat. sg.
yfelum. wk. masc. nom. pl. yfelan.
yfelness, fem. evilness. nom. sg. yfelnes.
yfle, adv. badly.
ylcan → ilca.
ylde → ieldo.
yldestan → eald.
yldo → ielde.
yldum → ielde.
ymb, prep. (usually with acc., sometimes with
dat.) around, near, about, after. embe, ymb
Æth 10; Cyn 3, 15.
ymbescı̄nan, shine about. past 3sg. ymbescān.
ymbesittan, st. 5. surround, besiege. past pl.
ymbsǣton Ælf 5.
ymbsittan, st. 5. sit around. past pl. ymbsǣton.
ymbstandan, st. 6. stand around. past pl.
ymbstōdan.
ȳr, noun. back?. dat. sg. ȳre Ælf 18.
yrfenuma, masc. heir.
yrfeweardness, fem. inheritance. nom. sg. yrfweardnyss.
yrmða → iermþu.
yrmðe → iermþu.
yrre → ierre.
ys → bēon.
ȳtmæst, adj. uttermost, last. wk. neut. acc. pl.
superl. ȳtmæstan Cæd 44.
ytst → (ge)etan.
ȳþde → ı̄eþan.