the magazine of the electroindustry
er
Published by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association | www.NEMA.org | February 2015 | Vol. 20 No. 2
i
W
nn
2014 Herm
wa
es A
rd
Changing the Way
We See
Inside
Looking Back on 2014 Lighting Regulations, Looking Ahead to 2015
Washington State Launches Innovative Lamp Recycling Program
NEMA Organizes Distribution Automation Workshop in China
2015 Member Product Showcase
KNOW UL?
THINK AGAIN.
The challenges and goals you face in today’s market look different than
they did 10, 5, or even 2 years ago – so does UL. While our focus on the
testing, evaluation, and certification of safe equipment for hazardous
locations remains unchanged, we continue to invest in ways to meet your
needs on a broader level. For instance, by covering IECEx, ATEX, INMETRO,
GOST-R and many other global specifications, UL helps eliminate duplicate
testing to reduce costs and accelerate time-to-market. Tell us your needs,
our portfolio may surprise you. Customer first, safety always.
For more information on UL services for HazLoc,
please contact ULHELPS@ul.com or call 1.877.ULHELPS (1.877.854.3577)
UL.COM/HAZLOC
CONTENTS
FEATURES
Human-Centric Lighting Moves beyond Energy Efficiency.......................................................................12
Beyond “Doing Good” Lighting Adds Value to Healthcare.......................................................................14
LEDs Reshape Retail Lighting...............................................................................................................18
Maximizing End User Benefits and Enhancing Safety for Outdoor Environments......................................20
Electric Lighting Will Improve Our Quality of Life in the Future...............................................................22
Zhaga Consortium Responds to Evolving Requirements of LED Industry..................................................24
What’s Next for Solid-State Lighting?....................................................................................................26
Daylight Management Champions “Occupant Friendly” Net-Zero Energy Buildings..................................28
The Lighting Revolution: Has Incandescent Really been Overthrown?.....................................................30
the magazine of the electroindustry
er
Published by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association | www.NEMA.org | February 2015 | Vol. 20 No. 2
i
W
nn
2014 Hermes
a
Aw
rd
ECO BOX
Changing the Way
We See
Electroindustry text and cover pages are printed using SFI®-certified Anthem paper using soy ink.
• SFI fiber sourcing requirements promote responsible forest
management on all suppliers’ lands.
• SFI works with environmental, social and industry partners to
improve forest practices in North America.
• The SFI certified sourcing label is proof Electroindustry is using
fiber from responsible and legal sources.
Inside
Looking Back on and Ahead to Lighting Regulations
Washington State Launches Innovative Lamp Recycling Program
NEMA Organizes Distribution Automation Workshop in China
2015 Member Product Showcase
Available on the App Store
electroindustry
Publisher / Editor in Chief | Pat Walsh
Contributing Editors | Phallan K. Davis,
Chrissy L. S. George, William E. Green III
Economic Spotlight | Tim Gill
Codes & Standardization Trends | Vince Baclawski
Government Relations Update | Kyle Pitsor
Art Director | Jennifer Tillmann
National Advertising Representative | Bill Mambert
electroindustry (ISSN 1066-2464) is published monthly by NEMA, the Association of Electrical Equipment and Medical Imaging
Manufacturers, 1300 N. 17th Street, Suite 900, Rosslyn, VA 22209; 703.841.3200. FAX: 703.841.5900. Periodicals postage paid at
Rosslyn, VA, and York, PA, and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to NEMA, 1300 N. 17th Street,
Suite 900, Rosslyn, VA 22209. The opinions or views expressed in electroindustry do not necessarily reflect the positions of NEMA
or any of its subdivisions.
Subscribe to ei, the magazine of the electroindustry, at www.nema.org/subscribe2ei
Contact us at comm@nema.org
Follow NEMA:
Newsmakers
NOTES
NEMA Officers........................................................................................................................................................................................3
From the Chairman................................................................................................................................................................................3
Views from the Top................................................................................................................................................................................4
Ask the Expert......................................................................................................................................................................................44
Listen to the Expert..............................................................................................................................................................................44
IEC Young Professionals are on their way to
becoming conformity assessment leaders.
32
DEPARTMENTS
Government Relations Update................................................................................................................8
Looking Back on 2014 Lighting Regulations, Looking Ahead to 2015................................................................................................8
Lighting Division Illuminates Government Purchasing Requirements................................................................................................9
NEMA Members Brief EGA Negotiators on Energy Efficiency...............................................................................................................9
Washington State Launches Innovative Lamp Recycling Program....................................................................................................10
Electroindustry News...........................................................................................................................32
IEC Young Professionals Program Engenders Standards Development and Conformity Assessment Leaders.................................32
Code Actions/Standardization Trends....................................................................................................34
Lighting Systems Division Takes Proactive Approach with Code Cycles.............................................................................................34
NEMA Launches New Committee on Lighting Systems.....................................................................................................................35
What standards are being developed
to address SSL and LED technologies?
Karen Willis explains.
Robert Hick, Vice President of R&D
Engineering at Leviton Lighting & Energy
Solutions, explains why he is NEMA.
44
44
C136 Updates Standards for Publication, Seeks New Membership...................................................................................................36
International Roundup........................................................................................................................38
NEMA Organizes Distribution Automation Workshop to Promote Smart Grid in China....................................................................38
Economic Spotlight..............................................................................................................................40
NEMA Lighting Indexes Show Mixed Results.....................................................................................................................................40
Did You Know?
NEMA is proud to be a Gold Associate sponsor of the 2015 International Year of Light and
Light-Based Technologies.
In proclaiming a year of focus on lighting and lighting technologies, the United Nations is
emphasizing the promise of modern lighting discoveries, products, and applications to improve
the quality of life for everyone.
Multiple projects and activities around the world offer an opportunity for engagement.
To learn more, visit www.light2015.org.
Officers
Chairman
Don Hendler
President & CEO
Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc.
FROM THE CHAIRMAN
“Disruptive technology” is a popular phrase that describes innovations that upset
common thinking and (quite appropriately) applies to the numerous technological
advances that define today’s lighting industry. In practical terms, disruptive technology
breaks through the clutter to keep products relevant.
First Vice Chairwoman
Maryrose Sylvester
President & CEO
GE Lighting
The effects of the lighting revolution—especially the rapid adoption and widespread use
of light-emitting diodes (LEDs)—are changing our lives in ways we never imagined. One
of the most significant opportunities created by the LED revolution is the ease of control
and the opportunity to apply controls in ways that were previously too costly or complex
for comprehensive implementation.
Second Vice Chairman
Michael Pessina
President
Lutron Electronics Company, Inc.
LEDs inspire disruption most notably by enabling occupancy-based switching and
dimming, daylight harvesting, and interoperability. With dimmable LED drivers being
broadly available and applied, we now have an entirely new frontier of controllable
applications. These and other technologies are explored in this month’s issue of ei.
Treasurer
Thomas S. Gross
Vice Chairman & COO
Eaton Corporation
Immediate Past Chairman
John Selldorff
President and CEO
Legrand North America
President & CEO
Kevin J. Cosgriff
Secretary
Clark R. Silcox
Not only are NEMA member companies at the forefront of disruptive technology,
they are also developing meaningful standards that will drive effectiveness. As in any
frontier, stability engenders growth. This is a key moment. NEMA’s proven ability to
hasten adoption of technology through standards inspires owner confidence that their
investments are sustainable and supported by industry leaders. Specifically, NEMA
SSL 7A-2013 and LSD 62-2012 establish uniform standards of performance in phasecontrolled LED dimming, and clear definitions of a systems approach for lighting control.
There are other examples across the breadth and depth of electroindustry products
encompassed by NEMA scope. MG 1 Motors and Generators was a driving force behind
the adoption of federal and international motor efficiency levels. SG-IC 1 Smart Grid
Interoperable & Conformant Testing and Certification Scheme Operator Guidelines
establishes the characteristics of interoperability between devices and systems associated
with the electric grid. In the arena of medical imaging, XR 25 Computed Tomography
Dose Check, which incorporates dose notifications and alerts, was later adopted and
updated as an IEC international standard.
The rapid rate of adoption and transformation emphasizes why NEMA was founded in
1926. While technology has changed—and will continue to change—the need for safe,
effective, and compatible products has not. NEMA members’ leadership underpins
positive disruption and makes technological advances the new common thinking…until
the next disruption. ei
Don Hendler
Chairman, NEMA Board of Governors
NEMA electroindustry • February 2015 3 Views from the Top
ŰŰInformation Technology Sets Stage for Connected, Intelligent Lighting Systems
Amy Huntington, President of Philips Lighting Americas
In a recent article
for Harvard
Business Review,
industry experts
Michael E. Porter
and James E.
Heppelman
describe how
information
technology is revolutionizing products.
We are now in the era of “smart,
connected products…made possible
by vast improvements in processing
power and device miniaturization, and
by the network benefits of ubiquitous
wireless connectivity.” These connected
products “offer exponentially expanding
opportunities for new functionality,
greater reliability, much higher product
utilization, and capabilities that cut
across and transcend traditional
product boundaries.”
According to MarketsandMarkets, the
size of the smart lighting market will be
$56.05 billion by 2020. NEMA member
companies are applying the principles
of connected technology to lighting,
creating connected, intelligent systems
that deliver the best possible illumination
experiences, as well as significant value
beyond illumination.
At the most basic level, lighting systems
combine luminaires and controls.
LED (light-emitting diode) technology
affords opportunities for integrating
controls directly into luminaires.
Intelligent or connected luminaires can,
in turn, integrate with IT networks in
cities and facilities, and with lighting
management software systems that offer
new capabilities for monitoring, control,
optimization, and autonomy.
All LED-based luminaires have memory
and processing capacities, and most
have some type of communications.
Some LED luminaires share information
about their own status and operations—
internal operating temperature, energy
4 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
metering, lifetime status—which
lighting system managers can use
to optimize system performance,
efficiency, and maintenance. Some use
integrated sensors to collect information
on occupancy and other aspects of
illuminated spaces—including activity
patterns, temperature and humidity
changes, and daylight levels.
LED luminaires with rich illumination
capabilities, such as dynamic colorchanging and tunable white light, use
integrated controls to offer responsive
behaviors with many benefits. Targeting
light levels to support specific tasks can
help improve personal performance,
while adjustments to color temperature
can enhance ambience and the
presentation of objects. Color-changing
scenes and effects can transform
environments for special purposes
and occasions, while full-color accent
lighting can create a sense of excitement
or relaxation in a space.
Incorporating Energy Efficiency
Philips, for example, is expanding on the
idea of LED luminaires with integrated
controls to imagine a “digital ceiling”—a
distributed computing platform that
combines a network of connected
luminaires with external control devices,
sensors, communications points,
databases, and software. In the digital
ceiling, each uniquely identified and
controllable luminaire becomes a point
of intelligence and communications.
With integrated lighting management
software on the back end, system owners
and managers can store, visualize,
and analyze data collected from the
illuminated environment for enhanced
decision support, streamlined workflows,
and optimized energy efficiency.
With integrated wireless
communications, connected lighting
systems can deliver completely
new experiences. Visual light
communications (VLC, or coded
light) use the LED beam itself to send
a data signal that can be received by
the camera on a smartphone running a
mobile app. Coded light provides highly
accurate positioning, with a precision
of better than about two feet. In tandem
with VLC, systems can use Wi-Fi,
Bluetooth low energy, or other wireless
communications to deliver in-context
information and location-based services.
Location-based services have the
potential to transform the way that
people navigate indoors in much the
same way that GPS has transformed the
way we navigate outdoors. Wayfinding
applications can provide vital services
to people in airports, supermarkets,
shopping malls, large office complexes,
university campuses, and other indoor
spaces. Shoppers can benefit from instore couponing, in-context decision
support, and personalized lighting
control in fitting rooms; retailers can
gain deeper insight into customer
behavior and preferences and provide a
more satisfying customer experience.
Clearly, the time for connected,
intelligent lighting systems is now. In
a solid-state lighting market workshop
offered by the U.S. Department of
Energy in November, Dan Mellinger,
lighting strategy manager for the
independent environmental group
Efficiency Vermont, pointed to the
need for enhanced lighting controls
and intelligent illumination to help
organizations achieve aggressive energy
efficiency and sustainability goals.
“Vermont results may be a leading
indicator for other markets nationwide,”
wrote Mr. Mellinger, pointing to the state’s
lagging adoption of smart, connected
LED lighting solutions. “Programs must
act now on emerging LED categories.
The solution must incorporate controls.
Conventional program approaches will
not be enough.” ei
Views from the Top
ŰŰPursuing Quality of Life in Work and Play
Tom Salpietra, President & COO, EYE Lighting International of N.A., Inc.
Less than seven
years ago, lighting
manufacturers
began work to
address the task
of converting
the four basic
lighting groups—
incandescent,
linear and compact fluorescent, halogen,
and high intensity discharge—into
new and unique solid-state LED
(light-emitting diode) products. Their
R&D centers were given direction by
the Department of Energy (DOE) to
replace older technologies with new
semiconductor technology sprung from
the computer and internet revolutions
of the 1990s. The reason was to
encourage America to become
“energy independent.”
Little did anyone know that in 2015,
DOE will likely announce that the
initiative to convert America to energyefficient lighting has been accomplished,
even though this is measured by only
a little more than one-third of all new
products sold.1 This is not to say there
isn’t much yet to do—it indicates that
the ball is rolling downhill and gaining
momentum. DOE has done its job; end
users, specifiers, manufacturers, and the
many other players in lighting’s circle of
life must now carry through with theirs.
Today the mantra is no longer “energy
savings.” We have matured the concept
to interchangeability, interoperability,
and interconnectivity. Each focuses on
a special set of circumstances around
which lighting and controls, and all other
associated equipment, interact. Lighting
products today do more than just provide
visibility; they enable quality of life in
work and play everywhere in the world.
Estimates from NEMA/BIS Statistics
1
For cities and municipalities, the
challenge is immense. They must
make the switch while not affecting
their communities and the ways their
constituencies interact indoors during
the day and outdoors at night. The intent
now is to improve that interaction and
bring a higher level of lighting quality
experience to the forefront.
For the educational segment, especially
colleges and universities, change means
eliminating energy-hogging lighting
while maintaining the integrity of their
campuses for security and safety, and
for the aesthetic appeal to attract and
retain students.
Today the mantra is no
longer “energy savings.”
We have matured the
concept to interchangeability,
interoperability, and
interconnectivity.
Retail shops, hospitality venues,
healthcare facilities, industrial
complexes, and governmental
institutions must also address their
own sets of must-keep requirements
while paving a path to energy efficiency.
And the greater infrastructure of our
country—managed by utilities, electric
co-ops, and other generating and
transporting entities—must adapt and
integrate their supplies of electricity to a
changing draw of power consumption,
while focusing on systems security to
make their networks impervious to
cyberattacks.
From Disaster, Success
Nearly four years ago, Japan experienced
a terrible earthquake and tsunami. I was
in Japan at the time, and though I was
many miles away from the destruction,
I saw the entire country frozen and
stunned over a 24-hour period.
Over the next three years, Japan emerged
as the leading LED-adopting country in
the world, now standing at nearly twothirds of all lighting products sold being
LED. They did it with a semblance of
cohesive order and initiative across
all energy-consuming entities. The U.S.
will get there, albeit perhaps a decade
from now.
Champions of Interoperability
The path ahead is being championed
by NEMA and the newly-formed ASC
C137 Committee (See “NEMA Launches
New Committee on Lighting Systems,”
page 35.) Its task is to provide guidance
to properly integrate lighting into a
system of interconnected devices with
the interoperability that everyone
expects in the internet age. The good
thing about this approach: it’s inclusive
of all stakeholders. There is no reason not
to expect it to succeed. Quality of light—
not just Kelvin temperatures, color
renderings, lumens, and life ratings—
will be clearly in their sights as they
move forward.
By grand plan design, the first decade of
energy efficiency made us more aware
as a nation of what we can do when the
government provides guidance and
encouragement. We can and should
celebrate our collaborative success. The
next part of history is for lighting and
controls manufacturers and end-users
to direct.
I predict that we’ll develop a very
interesting set of tenets whose roots come
from an industry that has flourished for
more than 100 years. ei
NEMA electroindustry • February 2015 5 View from the Top
ŰŰIntegrated Lighting Races to Bright Future
Steve Hane, CEO, and Neil Cannon, CMO, TERRALUX
Steve Hane
Neil Cannon
Modern LED (light-emitting diode)
technology has led the way to high
efficiency lighting. With astonishing
regularity, its costs have fallen and
efficacy grown. Better LED sources
continue to evolve. Iterations of the
gallium nitride semiconductor and
phosphor technology improve color
consistency, color rendering, and new
optical distributions of white LEDs.
The fast-paced revolution means that
significantly advanced products now
appear in months rather than years.
Rapid improvement, however, obfuscates
a more important characteristic of LED
technology that portends its long-term
future. LEDs are semiconductor devices
and as such, are low-voltage devices
that are easily integrated with other
semiconductors. Adding new capabilities
to an LED light is analogous to adding
a digital camera to a cell phone. The
phone already has a battery, display,
charging port, housing, and integrated
circuits that process and communicate
images. All that is required is to add the
photocell, software, lens, and (of course)
an LED for the flash in order to create a
camera phone.
On a larger scale, adding features to LED
lighting that encompass existing building
sensory and control infrastructure takes
advantage of the lighting’s electricallypowered location and, crucially, its lowvoltage circuitry.
6 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
Swiss Army Knife of Electronics
The job of integrating separate building
control and sensory functions into
a light fixture may appear complex.
For building owner and contractors,
numerous separate systems are a
highly inefficient use of money and
resources. Each must have a separate
housing, power conversion, and
usually a communications network.
LED lighting, in contrast, can be a
one-stop shop—the “Swiss army knife”
of building electronics.
Lighting, the first required electrical
device in any building, is ubiquitously
deployed. Indoor fixtures are often
placed every 100 square feet, or even
more densely. Collecting data from
sensors in such a dense deployment
has yet unimagined uses. Just as the
inventors of the internet wanted only to
share academic data among universities
and were unlikely to have foreseen
Facebook or Instagram, the creators
of networks that interconnect lights
and sensors are unlikely to foresee all
of the eventual uses of those networks
and information.
This represents a paradigm shift for an
industry that has defined its primary
charter as providing light fixtures,
replacement bulbs, and controls to adjust
light levels and minimize energy use.
Changes Coming
Lighting is one of the last technologies to
undergo a change from bulk technologies
(i.e., vacuum tubes) to semiconductor
technology. The radio was upgraded
from vacuum tubes to transistors in the
1960s. The personal computer displaced
the typewriter in the 1980s. Being the
latest technology to use semiconductors
has one distinct advantage: the built-up
infrastructure already exists to make,
refine, reduce cost, and interconnect
sensors, high speed wireless integrated
circuits, and cloud-based storage.
It only takes clever engineers working
within a corporate culture of innovation
to create integrated products.
As the lighting industry transforms, the
race to provide new features and value
is just getting started. Note the progress
of smart phones from the introduction
of the original Blackberry in 2003
through latest iPhone. Future phones
will incorporate more storage, faster
data interconnection, higher resolution
screens and cameras, better sound
quality, more precise GPS, and faster
processing. They will make the earlier
versions appear obsolete.
The race to provide new
features and value is just
getting started.
The latest 2015 LED will look “so last
year” when compared with the 2016
version. At each step of the evolution,
LED lighting will consume less energy
and provide better illumination. In time,
the benefits to the building owner will
arise from capabilities such as more
granular control of HVAC systems,
better security for occupants, or the
ability to command higher rents for
a building equipped with the latest
technology. How semiconductors will
change the lighting industry within
buildings—and how the experience of
the building occupants will change—will
perhaps be more obvious in retrospect.
Change is coming. If you are reading
this on a cell phone, think back to when
that was impossible. It wasn’t that long
ago, but easy to forget in an avalanche of
applications we already take for granted.
© 2015 OSRAM SYLVANIA
www.osram-americas.com
Light is life
Transcending the bounds of how
we think about lighting
At OSRAM, we’re ushering in a new era of possibilities that will seamlessly integrate
light into every aspect of our lives. See how over 100 years of OSRAM innovation is
changing the future of lighting at www.osram-americas.com.
Light is OSRAM
Facebook.com/sylvania
Twitter.com/sylvania
Youtube.com/sylvanialight
Government Relations Update
ŰŰLooking Back on 2014 Lighting Regulations, Looking Ahead to 2015
In 2014, NEMA staff and members
responded to government and state
entities (U.S. and Canada) with more
than 235 pages of substantive comments
and proposals in more than 25
documents and presentations.
HID Lamps
The year closed on a high point. For the
first time, the Department of Energy
(DOE) released a negative determination
regarding an open rulemaking for a
minimum energy conservation standard.
It released findings and analysis
indicating that energy conservation
standards for high intensity discharge
(HID) lamps were neither technically nor
financially feasible.
This is the result of three years of
concerted effort by NEMA staff and
Lamp Section members, during which
time NEMA contributed 84 pages
of comments to DOE proceedings
identifying and illustrating myriad
considerations and challenges regarding
potential energy savings. While some
energy savings is achievable in HID
lamps and systems, the complexity
of how to achieve those savings lies
outside DOE’s sphere of influence. This
announcement marks a well-tempered
departure from recent regulatory
practices, which often seek energy
savings despite the costs.
On December 30, 2014, DOE published
the Final Rule for General Service
Fluorescent Lamps and Incandescent
Reflector Lamps (GSFL-IRL). This
concluded the rulemaking’s second
iteration of standards. Throughout
the three-year process, NEMA
submitted more than 110 pages of
substantive technical comments to the
proceedings. Additionally, NEMA and
its members commented at length on
the technical and financial feasibility of
elevating many products’ already high
performance standards even higher.
The final rule reflects the thoughtful
8 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
incorporation of many NEMA
comments by DOE, including no change
in standards for IRLs, though some
fluorescent products may have limited
offerings once the rule is implemented.
General Service Lamps
NEMA is exploring opportunities for
a negotiated rulemaking for general
service lamps, i.e. screw base light bulbs.
DOE has a rulemaking underway,
but NEMA and energy advocates are
discussing whether a privately negotiated
solution might save time and provide a
more feasible and acceptable solution, as
when NEMA negotiated revised energy
standards for electric motors in 2013.
External Power Supplies
NEMA is addressing concerns with the
DOE rule for external power supplies
(EPS), published in February 2014.
During proceedings (which began in
2009), NEMA held that lighting products,
particularly those that use light-emitting
diodes (LEDs), should not be within scope
because they are evolving rapidly and
represent significant existing investment.
Furthermore, these products are more
efficient than their predecessors, and save
significant energy by comparison.
Because of the position and
recommendations of the NEMA Lighting
Systems Division, and due to a lack
of timely response by DOE to these
concerns, NEMA did not contribute
technical data or considerations to the
rulemaking proceedings. As a result,
the final rule and the test procedures
are not structured to adequately test
or judge LED products. While DOE
opened a rulemaking to revise the EPS
test procedures in late 2014, problems
with requirements in the standard
prevent a full solution for LEDs. NEMA
is developing recommended solutions
to DOE, most of which hinge on DOE
making specific statements as to product
coverage and scope, perhaps even
conducting a specific rulemaking.
California Title 20 and Title 24
NEMA submitted 12 sets of comments
to the California Energy Commission’s
(CEC) process for Title 20 and Title 24
energy-efficiency regulations. NEMA
staff and members met with CEC six
times in 2014. Comments revolved
around positions that requirements must
be technically feasible and cost effective,
and wherever possible, performancebased and non-prescriptive.
The difference between these two
approaches is critical. If regulation
defines energy savings at the component
level, alternative solutions using
unmentioned products and systems
cannot be used in the field. Performancebased only sets an efficiency requirement,
and allows for multiple paths to yield
energy savings and a corresponding
openness for product selection and
combination. NEMA favors an open
market, and as such favors performancebased regulations over prescriptive
regulations.
ENERGY STAR® Lighting Programs
NEMA also positively influenced
ENERGY STAR lighting programs
during 2014 by establishing and hosting
efforts to discuss future program scope
and contents through roadmapping.
NEMA facilitated webinars and
teleconferences for three distinct
working groups made up of ENERGY
STAR lighting stakeholders from NEMA,
energy advocacies, energy partnerships,
utilities, and retailers. These working
groups considered issues such as
verification testing improvements,
consumer preferences, market trends,
new technologies, and potential future
program directions. The results of
these discussions were submitted to
the Environmental Protection Agency
for consideration. ei
Alex Boesenberg, Manager,
Government Relations |
alex.boesenberg@nema.org
ŰŰLighting Division Illuminates Government Purchasing Requirements
As we have seen in many sectors, it
can take governments many years to
recognize and understand the impact of
industry innovations on existing policies.
In January, NEMA published a white
paper on behalf of the Lighting Systems
Division that illuminates the industry
impacts of requirements or preferences
that federal, state, and local governments
can place on the manufacturing location
of products they seek to purchase.
The paper also coincides with
consideration in many state legislatures
of proposals to place “Buy X”-type
requirements or preferences. This month,
NEMA staff is following up with a webinar
briefing for state government officials and
legislators on this important topic area for
NEMA lighting member companies.
As explained in the paper, if U.S.
federal, state, and local governments
establish preferences for domestic end
use products, they should be developed
with a consideration of the complex
issues related to end user cost, supply
chain logistics, production efficiencies,
and international trade agreements.
This paper is intended to assist policy
makers and government officials in
evaluating important considerations
related to the goal of procuring energyefficient lighting systems to improve
operational efficiencies while supporting
domestic manufacturing and U.S. jobs in
procurement policies.
The following issues should be
carefully considered when developing
or enforcing policies associated with
domestic procurement: inconsistent
product definitions; technology
changes in lighting; supply chain
management, particularly for specific
types of inputs such as steel; highvolume parts production; U.S.-based
manufacturing and assembly operations;
U.S. international trade commitments
and negotiations; and responsible use of
public funds.
The paper concludes with
recommendations that governments
recognize not only the limitations
in supply of some domesticallymanufactured components—which
regularly necessitate waivers of domestic
sourcing requirements—but also the
vitality of lighting industry jobs supported
by manufacturing and assembly
operations that serve their markets.
NEMA Government Relations tracks
and reports regularly to interested
member companies on federal and state
legislation that would place preferences
or restrictions on purchasing based on
the manufacturing location of a product
or its components. ei
Craig Updyke, Manager,
Trade and Commercial Affairs |
craig.updyke@nema.org
ŰŰNEMA Members Brief EGA Negotiators on Energy Efficiency
State-of-the-art lighting technologies
were one product area featured in a
January 28 briefing coordinated by
NEMA for government delegates
negotiating an agreement to eliminate
import duties on products with
environmental benefits. Held at the
World Trade Organization (WTO)
headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland,
presenters from NEMA member
companies and allied organizations
explained the importance of including
specific energy-efficient and energy
management and control products in the
Environmental Goods Agreement (EGA).
Approximately 19 percent of global
electricity usage is attributed to gridconnected lighting, according to the
International Energy Agency, and this
number is expected to increase over the
next 20 years. However, as was noted at
the briefing, technologies exist today that,
if more widely deployed, can drastically
cut lighting electricity demand even as
lighting availability increases.
In the lighting area, NEMA is advocating
for inclusion in the EGA of solid-state
lamps, light-emitting diodes, digitallyaddressable fluorescent ballasts, solid
state drivers, solid-state luminaires,
and lighting controls. NEMA is also
advocating for inclusion of energyefficient motors, variable frequency
drives, some power electronics products,
and other items involved in energy
control and management in industrial
and residential spaces.
At press time, fifteen parties are engaged
in EGA talks, which are open to any
WTO member country: Australia,
Canada, China, Costa Rica, European
Union, Hong Kong, Israel, Japan, New
Zealand, Norway, Singapore, South
Korea, Switzerland, Taiwan, and the U.S.
Until March, each country will submit
nominations for products to be included
in an EGA tariff agreement. Participating
countries will be surveyed on which
of the products they would support or
object to. Then, the real negotiations
will start. Participating countries would
agree to eliminate immediately or
progressively (over several years) their
own customs import duties on covered
products imported from any other WTO
member country.
Earlier in January, NEMA filed
comments with the Office of the U.S.
Trade Representative in support of a
proposal to add Israel and Turkey to
EGA negotiations. ei
Craig Updyke, Manager,
Trade and Commercial Affairs |
craig.updyke@nema.org
NEMA electroindustry • February 2015 9 Government Relations Update
ŰŰWashington State Launches Innovative Lamp Recycling Program
The start of the new year often brings
with it ambition and change, both of
which are reflected in LightRecycle
Washington, a ground-breaking
program for safe disposal of mercuryadded lamps that launched in the state
on January 1. Authorized by the passage
of HB 22461 in 2014, LightRecycle
Washington represents a new direction
for sustainable recycling of a product
that all agree should be kept out of the
waste stream.
Energy-efficient, mercury-added light
sources such as linear and compact
fluorescent lamps have greatly enhanced
energy conservation in all sectors of the
economy. Although the mercury content
An act relating to financing for stewardship of mercurycontaining lights; see apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.
aspx?cite=70.275
1
in each lamp is minimal—usually 10
milligrams or less—recycling spent
lamps is far preferable to disposal and
is required under federal law for large,
commercial generators that may discard
hundreds of lamps at a time.
Last year, Washington became the third
state—after Maine and Vermont—to
enact a mandate for lamp manufacturers
to develop and implement a statewide
recycling program for “mercurycontaining lights.” HB 2246 requires
producers to designate a stewardship
organization qualified to meet this
mandate, and to work with them to ensure
the program meets statutory requirements.
What’s distinctive about the law, however,
is the requirement that the program
be financed through application of an
Viamaster™ LeD LUmiNaires
Appleton Grp LLC d/b/a Appleton Group.
The Appleton and Emerson logos are registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
© 2014, Appleton Grp LLC. All rights reserved.
certifieD for DiVisioN 2 / zoNe 2
easY iNstaLLatioN, miNimaL
maiNteNaNce for LiGHtiNG HarsH
aND HazarDoUs LocatioNs
Bring LED simplicity and reliability to the entire facility. Compact and easy to install,
Appleton Viamaster™ LED luminaires perform for at least 60,000 hours with no relamping.
And they deliver more lumens per watt compared to fluorescent luminaires.
Save installation, maintenance and energy costs with Viamaster LED.
For product information:
www.appletonelec.com | 1.800.621.1506
Environmental Handling Charge (EHC)
to be applied at retail sale of each new
mercury-containing lamp sold within
the state. The stewardship entity that
manufacturers designated for this effort
—PCA Product Stewardship, Inc. (or
ProductCare)—has determined that the
fee will be 25 cents per lamp to start,
with adjustments possible as the program
evolves. Proceeds will be relayed to
ProductCare and used to support the
network of collection sites, transportation
of spent lamps, processing at recycling
facilities, education and outreach, and all
other program expenses.
The “consumer fee” approach is being
employed in a growing number of
states to fund programs to recycle
used paint, and more recently has been
adopted for carpets and mattresses as
well. There is no precedent for lamps
in the U.S., although ProductCare has
been successfully running a fee-based
program in British Columbia, Canada,
for several years. The Washington
program will have many parallels to its
Canadian counterpart and will no doubt
profit from the experience there.
The first months will be challenging as
manufacturers integrate EHC into their
supply chains and the system works out
its initial kinks. Ultimately, however,
manufacturers and state regulatory
authorities expect that an efficient,
accessible, and widely used program for
safely managing mercury-added lamps
in Washington will be in place for the
foreseeable future.
Lighting producers, distributors,
retailers, and other interested parties
can learn more about the program
and any obligations it may entail by
contacting ProductCare and LightRecycle
Washington directly: lightrecyclewa.org. ei
Mark Kohorst, Senior Manager,
Environment, Health & Safety |
mark.kohorst@nema.org
10 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
Some just
fly higher.
Lu
na
mi
tio
™
n
IS
Se
r
L
ies
ED
L
i
um
Whether you’re lighting an aisle, an arena or a factory
floor, choose GE. You’ll shine bright and save energy
from top to bottom.
From fixtures to lamps and controls, see how we’re leading
the way in lighting innovation at gelighting.com/contactus.
na
i re
s
Human-Centric
Lighting Moves beyond
Energy Efficiency
Jes Munk Hansen, President and CEO, Osram Sylvania
T
oday we are on the brink of a revolution, and one of a magnitude that
we could not fully grasp even three years ago. The on/off era of lighting
has come to an end, and a new era of possibilities in our industry is here. The
reality is that lighting isn’t just functional anymore—and the opportunities
are huge.
Turning possibility into reality means thinking beyond the
pursuit of energy efficiency—a factor that has driven our
business for several decades. Thanks to improvements in LEDs
(light-emitting diodes), controls, and sensors, we have already
achieved incredible energy efficiency in the past ten years,
but it’s time to be honest about the reality of diminishing
returns. Energy efficiency has become a commodity over
time—a basic expectation.
The growth of color-tunable LED technology, the latest
innovation to bring added value to solid-state lighting, can be
seen everywhere from your living room to the most dynamic
architectural lighting installations in the world. However, the
ability to adjust color is fast becoming a commodity as well.
The future of solid-state lighting depends on all of us thinking
much bigger than breaking the next lumens-per-watt
barrier. Now is the time to consider what greater value these
technologies can offer when we mold them into our world and
our lives providing connected, human-centric lighting.
Changing the Way We Live
Lighting is now intuitive, adaptive, and connected. Light is
safety. Light is healing. Light is empowering. Light is engaging.
Light is life. Only by fundamentally changing the way we think
about light can we begin to shape how these technologies will
impact our quality of life and our future.
As lighting technology goes digital and becomes smarter and
more connected, it will impact the way we grow our food, the
way we interact with our work environment, the way we buy and
12 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
sell goods—the way we live. The challenge we face as an industry
is to imagine and develop the numerous possibilities that digital
lighting holds, and lead our society into this new era of light.
There are already real-world examples of how digital connected
light is changing the way we live.
For example, in the retail industry, 80 percent of all purchasing
decisions for clothing are made in the dressing room—
historically a depressing, poorly lit room where purchasing
decisions are left to the imagination of the consumer. Today,
with a dynamic new lighting system, the dressing room can be
transformed into a personalized virtual reality space, creating a
totally new shopping experience. LED lighting combined with
intelligent media displays give shoppers an immersive lighting
experience complete with video animations of different settings,
allowing them to simulate the real-life environments where
they’d be wearing the clothing they’re trying on. The array of
integrated LED fixtures provide dynamic effects, seamless color
mixing, and high quality white light to improve color quality
and color rendering index for accurate decision making.
THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF LIGHT ON HUMANS
Lighting Up Quality of Life
Q
Changing the Way We See
There is also a growing interest in the lighting community to
better understand how lighting influences our quality of life,
health, and wellbeing. In fact, there is a physical link between
light and our biological system.
The retina in our eyes contains intrinsic photo-sensitive retinal
ganglion cells that are responsible for our biological activity, such
as our inner clock, sleep-wake cycle, performance, and alertness.
To activate these cells you need light mainly in the blue portion
of the visible spectrum. However, it is not enough for blue light
to simply enter the eye to activate these special cells. The cells
are more sensitive in the lower part of your retina and therefore,
light entering the eyeball from above has more effect.
Before people worked in office environments, we all lived and
worked outside under the sun and the blue sky. Humans evolved
under a warm color–temperature morning sunrise, a cool blue
midday sky, warm color–temperature sunset in the evening,
and darkness at night; we still crave the conditions under which
we evolved. Today’s optimized lighting solutions must take this
human experience and evolution into account.
Today’s lighting solutions take tunable LED lighting one step
further to account for our evolutionary roots and the human
experience: human-centric lighting. Aside from using our
knowledge of biology to create the correct light output and
distribution, advanced LED control technologies let us teach
digital lighting systems how to think like us so they can adapt
to our behavior in a room, including adjustments from warm to
cooler blue color–temperatures as the day progresses.
Changing the Way We Feel
The impact of some of these developments can also be seen
within the healthcare industry. The patient room of tomorrow
is here today. Its dynamic, human-centric lighting systems are
designed to improve both quality of care and patient outcomes.
We are only beginning to discover how digital lighting can
impact the healthcare space.
As wearable technologies such as Fitbit® and Google Glass make
their way into the healthcare environment as a connected tool
for patients, doctors, and nurses, amazing things are happening.
Patients will soon wear a device that constantly measures vital
signs—heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, temperature—and
automatically communicates that information to the nurses’
station. That same device will provide staff with actionable
information and patients with a better hospital experience, such
as sensing activity and triggering amber lighting to turn on in
the middle of the night so a patient can use the restroom with
minimal sleep disruption.
These ideas inspire us all to think beyond energy efficiency;
however, to make this happen, we need to develop standards
addressing compatibility challenges. The increased complexity
of compatibility requires us to think beyond a bulb-toswitch mentality and toward an approach that considers the
entire lighting ecosystem. Holistically recognizing the entire
ecosystem of today’s lighting systems is key to shaping the
future of the industry. Working together with more open
collaboration will inspire innovation and provide our industry
with an economy of abundance for years to come.
Lighting isn’t just on/off anymore. Light is intuitive, adaptive,
and connected. Only by fundamentally changing the way we
think about light can we begin to shape how these technologies
will impact our lives and our future. Just imagine the
possibilities of what we can achieve together. Each of us plays
a part in making the possibilities of our future a reality, and
we should all look at opportunities to lay the foundation as we
bring the marketplace of tomorrow beyond energy efficiency. ei
Mr. Hansen, who joined OSRAM Americas in October 2013,
is focused on new technologies and standards that redefine the
lighting industry.
THE TIMELINE OF LIGHTING TECHNOLOGY
ON/OFF WORLD
Light bulbs and switches
largely represent the way
most people still think
about lighting today, as a
basic function, a mundane
mechanical tool that only
has two modes: on and off
ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Kicked off by late 20th century
energy crises, the lighting
industry has been on a
relentless pursuit of energy
efficiency for decades, and
thanks to improvements in
LED’s, controls and sensors,
we’ve achieved incredible
energy efficiency in the past
decade. But at this point,
efficiency has become table
stakes in the lighting industry.
ADAPTIVE LIGHTING
The growth of adaptive, color
tunable LED technology has
been the latest innovation
to bring added value to solid
state lighting, but while
the ability to tweak color
and color temperature is
useful, it is fast becoming a
commodity as well.
CONNECTED HUMANCENTRIC LIGHTING
By adding intelligence and
connectivity, today’s lighting solutions
take tunable LED lighting one step
further to account for our evolutionary
roots and the human experience.
Advanced LED control technologies
let us teach digital lighting systems
how to think like us, so they can
react intuitively and automatically
to our behavior in a room, and also
adjust from warm to cooler blue color
temperatures as the day progresses.
NEMA electroindustry • February 2015 13 Beyond “Doing Good”
Lighting Adds Value to Healthcare
Karyn Gayle, EDAC, MIES, Vice-President, Healthcare Vertical, Acuity Brands Lighting
L
ight has always been essential to our quality of life. Although our
ancestors utilized light from the sun, stars, moon, and fire, activity and
productivity primarily occurred from dawn to dusk. Light, however, was not
purely utilitarian—it also helped to signal the passage of time.
Those days feel very distant from today’s world. Historians point
to the harnessing of electricity and the invention of the electric
light bulb as seminal events that led to the modernization of our
industrialized economies. Advancements in lighting made it
possible for people to consume light on demand, day or night—
a phenomenon that was previously unfathomable.
Yale economist Bill Nordhaus estimated that 4,000 years ago,
a day’s wages would buy roughly ten minutes of poor-quality
(e.g., oil lamp) light. In the 1990s, he estimated that a day’s
wages could buy tens of thousands of hours of light. Now, as we
experience yet another technological revolution in lighting—
one where light can be delivered more efficiently and sustainably
than ever before—we ask if lighting technology can do more?
Can lighting go beyond simply enhancing visibility to
making our lives better?
Designing for Darkness
Narrowing our focus to the settings where improved quality of
life matters most, healthcare tops the list. In the U.S., we have
a healthcare system that is the most expensive in the world.
However, that hefty spend does not translate into a picture of
perfect health.
As part of recent industry reform, healthcare facility owners are
keenly focused on patient experience as well as reducing costs.
Designers of healthcare facilities have an important role to play
in system reform, and trends such as evidence-based design
provide a useful framework to connect aspects of the built
environment to better outcomes.
Without question, light is the most important external stimulus
for vision, critical to the performance of the complex visual
tasks performed daily in healthcare facilities. However, its
contribution doesn’t stop there. Exposure to light at certain
times of day can keep us synchronized to a 24-hour biological
clock, or circadian rhythm.
The circadian clock seeks intense light, with
spectral characteristics similar to those in
sunlight, in the morning and early afternoon.
Later in the day, our bodies seek lower light
levels, and ultimately, darkness. With the onset
of dim light, our bodies secrete a hormone
called melatonin, which signals to us, as
diurnal (day-active) mammals, that it is time
to sleep.
While today’s technology has allowed us to
de-couple our activity levels from the rising
and setting sun, our circadian systems still
seek 24-hour light-dark patterns for optimal
function. Maintaining circadian entrainment
is incredibly important as our circadian
“pacemaker” regulates a number of crucial
biological functions (most notably our sleep/
wake cycles).
Medical imaging suite at Fort Belvoir Community Hospital promotes a calming environment.
Photo courtesy of HDR Architecture, Inc. © 2011 Ari Burling
14 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
Lighting Up Quality of Life
Q
Sleep matters. Many of us function as “walking wounded,”
with steadily accumulating sleep deficits and myriad health
and wellbeing issues that accompany lack of sleep. The Centers
for Disease Control has called sleep deprivation a public health
epidemic, affecting an estimated 50-70 million people in
the U.S. In addition to the obvious impacts on alertness and
productivity, insufficient sleep has been linked to hypertension,
obesity, diabetes, depression and mood disorders, heightened
risk of Alzheimer’s disease, lower immune
system response, and reduced life expectancies.
As digital lighting systems become more broadly available,
LED systems that can simulate daylight may become
pervasive, changing color and intensity over the
course of a day. For pediatric care, the use of
colored light that changes in response to
user input can be a welcome departure
from rooms that are often stark and
emotionally detached from occupants.
These issues are not exclusive to healthcare, but
when we consider the mission of healthcare
environments, is there any question that using
lighting to improve sleep hygiene for patients
should be a key area of focus?
We have become accustomed to designing for
the inclusion of light, but we will increasingly
need to incorporate darkness into our facilities,
particularly during quiet times and nighttime
hours, when too much ambient light can
interrupt patient’s sleep.
Light can improve mood, provide positive
distraction, and promote quality of care in the
healthcare environment. Several studies have
established the link between higher light levels
and the reduction of adverse events, such as
falls and medication dispensing errors.
An aging population makes the topic of light quantity especially
relevant. Age-related changes to the physiology of the eye
require increases in the quantity of light delivered. According
to U.S. Census Bureau, the Baby Boomer generation brings the
proportion of adults aged 65 and older to roughly 20 percent of
the overall population. We must ensure that sufficient light is
delivered in affected healthcare settings.
Personalizing Architecture
We are better equipped to solve lighting challenges than ever
before. The technological renaissance in the lighting industry
has resulted in the growing dominance of digital lighting and
controls. The benefits of light-emitting diode (LED) sources,
such as energy efficiency, longevity, and controllability, are
well documented and continue to improve. Lighting controls
have emerged as the key to unlocking the vast potential of new
lighting technologies, and the use of intelligent, networked
lighting controls enables healthcare facilities to control the
intensity and operation of their lighting systems in response to
task needs, time of day, and other stimuli.
Tampa General Medical Group’s Family Care Center is
comfortable and inviting. © Courtesy of Acuity Brands
Performance and
costs continue to
improve in other digital
light sources. Organic
LEDs (OLEDs) are diffuse,
planar luminous sources that
give us a tantalizing glimpse of
what we can expect from lighting in
the future. Delivering soft, comfortable
illumination while staying cool to the touch,
wafer-thin OLEDs require no shielding and
very minimal mechanical integration. OLEDs
usher in a future where lighting systems can be
integrated into architecture in an elegant way, thus
providing an antidote to the harsh, institutional ambience
most often associated with care facilities.
New technology may just be the tip of the iceberg. The value of
technology isn’t necessarily about the devices themselves—it
is really about their connection to our lives through apps and
interfaces that create interactive, personalized experiences.
Billions of dollars of investments have created a healthcare
system that is more wired than ever.
continued on page 16
NEMA electroindustry • February 2015 15 continued from page 15
Wired to Do Good
As apps become more pervasive, they
may become the primary means by which
we connect with care providers and
systems. Leading-edge lighting systems
can network with real-time positional
tracking for geographical guidance,
patient safety alerts, or customizing the
intensity or color of light.
Light can enhance our lives in
profound ways, and it is important
to note that lighting for function and
safety in healthcare settings is still
of paramount concern. Maslow’s
hierarchy1 still applies—we must first
feel secure about our basic ability to
survive before devoting our attention
to higher-order needs.
In “A Theory of Human Motivation” (Psychological Review,
1943), Abraham Maslow outlined a five-stage model that shows
a progression of human needs from physiological demands
through safety, love, esteem, and self-actualization.
1
OLED pendants customize commercial office space in Oakland, California.
© 2014 John Sutton, courtesy Acuity Brands
We should expect that modern lighting
systems will enable us to survive and
thrive. Even the Hippocratic Oath to
RETROFIT KIT SIMPLE
Universal makes it easy to upgrade to LED technology with
simple installation and industry leading efficiency with the reliability
of our complete in-house design (electronic, thermal and optical)
including EVERLINE® “matched” modules and drivers.
Universal Lighting Technologies is a member of the Panasonic Group.
16 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
“do no harm” is prefaced by the directive
that physicians must first try to do good.
In this context, we are encouraged to
consider the visual, biological, and
psychological implications of lighting if
we really want to “do good” in modern
healthcare settings. ei
Ms. Gayle, who has more than 15 years
of experience in the lighting industry, is
keenly focused on understanding and
improving the visual experience of those in
the healthcare industry in a sustainable,
energy-efficient manner.
LED PAR lamps are gaining popularity in places where halogen
has been the norm, including furniture and grocery stores.
LEDs Reshape Retail Lighting
Joseph Howley, Manager, Industry Relations, GE Lighting
A
t retail stores, fashions come and go, and today’s must-have merchandise
is tomorrow’s overstock. Lighting, however, has been slow to change—
until now. There was essentially no use of LED (light-emitting diode)
lighting by retailers just ten years ago, except in some refrigerated cases
and signage. Now, an LED option exists for virtually every lighting application
in a typical store.
a fluorescent solution. LED will continue to make more sense to
more retailers as time goes on, but many store owners still prefer
the look, feel, and familiarity of halogen and fluorescent.
Many retailers are making the switch with energy and
maintenance savings in mind. Others are excited by the
possibilities that come with LED fixtures, like integrated
communication systems that can take shopper interaction
to new levels.
The retail industry has been slow to adopt LED, citing
shortcomings from poor color quality to limited light
distribution. The first commercially-viable LED lamps and
fixtures offered energy savings and longer life, but also lower
color rendering index (CRI) values and fewer lumens compared
to halogen and fluorescent options. Lensing technology was also
in its infancy—lamps tended to highlight only a small area of
the merchandise, while struggling to put off sufficient “surround
light” at the same time.
Can we assume that halogen and linear fluorescent lamps are
headed the way of incandescent? Well, not so fast! There’s still a
place for traditional light sources anywhere exceptionally high
color quality is needed, or where cost and convenience still favor
18 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
The fact remains that retail lighting is changing, and innovation
promises exciting new opportunities.
Learning to Love LED
Lighting Up Quality of Life
Q
Store owners waited for LED to improve. With the exception
of refrigerated cases (LEDs like the cold, unlike other light
sources) and outdoor signage (where the cost of replacing neon
or fluorescent quickly adds up), there were few practical uses for
LED in retail environments initially.
However, as LED becomes more efficient and lower in cost, it
will become an even more compelling option for most store
owners in the future.
This is changing, however, with the introduction of a new
generation of LED lamps and fixtures that boast CRI values of
80, 90, and higher, while packing more “punch” in terms of total
lumens. The design of optical arrays has also come a long way.
It is easier to aim light on merchandise, while simultaneously
creating an ambient or general lighting effect. Some special
lenses even diffuse the light produced by individual lightemitting diodes so that “dots” don’t show up in reflective
surfaces or on shiny objects.
While many retailers will convert to LED to achieve a
continuous return on investment for lighting, others will see
it as a stepping stone—a strategic platform—for the connected
store of the future. The self-contained drivers that power
LED lighting fixtures offer an ideal integration point for
communication protocols such as indoor positioning systems.
GE Lighting, for example, is seeing a move to LED PAR lamps
by retailers with long operating hours and high maintenance
costs. This tends to include department and furniture stores, as
well as supermarkets having a large number of halogen lamps to
maintain in specialty areas. Adoption is increasing among these
customers now that LED offers good color rendering qualities to
go along with longer life and less energy use.
LED fixtures, meanwhile, have been slower to integrate than
replacement lamps, but are gaining momentum. Walmart was
among the first retailers to install LED lighting in freezer cases
and parking lots in the early 2000s. Recently, Walmart selected
a suspended LED luminaire as the primary ceiling fixture
for more than 140 of its stores, demonstrating an ever deeper
commitment to the technology.
Not Soon Forgotten
The welcome news for many is that halogen and fluorescent
options aren’t going anywhere soon. Halogen sits atop the color
rendering scale, offering exceptional CRI values of essentially
100. A high-end fashion outlet with critical color considerations,
for example, is unlikely to entertain LED based on electricity
savings alone. Many jewelers prefer halogen PAR and MR16
lamps for their precise beam control, which make diamonds and
other precious stones “sparkle.”
Lighting that Talks
Indoor location technology embedded inside lighting fixtures
has the potential to reshape the shopping experience. The
solution combines visible light communication, Bluetooth low
energy, and inertial sensors to understand shoppers’ precise
location in a store and “talk” to them via their smartphone or
connected device. This enables retailers to create social shopping
experiences and deliver contextually relevant content, such as
welcoming a repeat customer with a personalized shopping list
as they approach the store front, and then providing an easy-tofollow map to optimize their shopping time. Also, depending on
where a customer is standing in a certain aisle, he or she might
be presented with a coupon or special incentive based on past
purchases. Product reviews, videos, and on-demand virtual
associates are just a few more ways retailers are learning to
leverage the power of visible light communication in their stores.
Not all retailers will be ready for LED right away, and it’s hard
to beat an original when it comes to halogen and fluorescent,
but advances in efficiency and connectivity are making the
technology more intriguing each day. While the latest style
won’t last a season, LED will surely be the future of lighting for
many years to come. ei
Mr. Howley is a past chairman of the NEMA Lighting Division
and a recipient of NEMA’s Kite and Key Award.
The tradeoff has been that halogen lamps, though more efficient
than incandescent, still waste more energy than most. New
infrared (IR) products narrow the efficiency gap. Halogen IR
lamps have an internal infrared coating that directs heat back
to the filament, causing them to burn brighter than standard
halogen lamps using the same amount of power.
Fluorescent lighting, meanwhile, remains hard to beat in
terms of low initial price. Though LED has largely caught up to
fluorescent in energy efficiency, the initial cost of an LED system
is still more than some budgets allow. For these store owners, a
lower cost option is to upgrade from older fluorescent lighting
systems to the most efficient, longer life T5 or T8 systems.
Walmart will save about 40 percent in lighting energy costs where new LED fixtures
are installed in stores in Brazil, China, Mexico, and the U.S., among other locations.
Photos courtesy of GE Lighting
NEMA electroindustry • February 2015 19 Maximizing End
User Benefits and
Enhancing Safety for
Outdoor Environments
Eric Snyder, Marketing Manager, Eaton’s Cooper Lighting Business
T
he fundamental reason to provide lighting in an outdoor environment
is to enhance safety. With that in mind, lighting an application should
be done in the most effective and economical means possible. By focusing
on the two key elements below, the end results will be maximized and can
provide an enhanced level and safety.
With significant advances in technology for light sources, as
well as how the lighting is controlled, lighting specifiers and end
users are faced with a complex array of choices. These choices
are clouded by a wide array of solutions with varied approaches.
In order to maximize benefits, it’s key to have an open mind and
be fully informed before surveying and specifying a solution.
When evaluating light-emitting diode (LED) product solutions,
it’s common to default to an “equivalent” solution. Don’t do this!
Start with Applications-Based Approach
Every scenario is different, and the end result will not be
maximized if you do not consider the specific application
you are illuminating. For example, the 400W metal halide (MH)
lamp was a very popular source used in commercial site lighting
for decades, so there is a significant number of product installed
today that are being replaced with more energy efficient LED
solutions.
Not all 400W MH fixtures are equal, and when coupled
with various mounting heights and pole spacing, the result
will be a wide range of different light levels and uniformity.
“Equivalent” can have a very different meaning, depending on
20 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
Austin, Texas, replaced nearly 35,000 outdated fixtures with energy-efficient
LED luminaires. The renovation helped the city realize a yearly energy savings
of more than $200,000. Photo courtesy of Eaton’s Cooper Lighting Business
the end users interpretation as well as the application. What
is the equivalent LED solution relative to the high-intensity
discharge (HID) solution? That will depend on the application
criteria for each specific scenario. Is it average light levels,
minimum light levels, or rather a rough assumption that the
LED solution will simply provide the equivalent level of safe
illumination as the HID solution?
In the vast majority of scenarios, an LED solution will
significantly reduce energy consumption and maintenance
expenses, while also significantly enhancing the perceived
level of safety in the application. If done properly, with an
applications based approach, it’s a win-win. Lower lifecycle costs
through reduced energy consumption and maintenance costs
and a safer illuminated environment.
In order to maximize benefits to the end user, it’s important to
take a step back and reconsider the decision process. It’s also
important that we don’t simply compare luminaire solution “A”
versus luminaire solution “B” as a one-for-one equivalent.
An applications-based approach is key. By referencing industry
standards and recommended practices to develop basic
design parameters, such as target light level and uniformity,
performing a lighting application is an important step in the
process to determine the best luminaire configuration and
maximized solution for the application. If you skip the layout,
you may very well end up with a solution that does not meet the
customer requirements and/or costs more in the long run to
maintain and operate.
Lighting Up Quality of Life
Q
Embrace Controls Technology
In addition to performing a lighting layout to select the right
luminaire, distribution, and lumen package, it’s also important
to evaluate and understand integrated controls when specifying
a luminaire. Some end users may shy away from controls as they
can be complex and functionality is sometimes misunderstood.
Complexity presents an opportunity for the best solutions to rise
to the top. We should embrace controls and what they can offer,
and view them as doubling down on the benefits that an energy
efficient LED luminaire can offer. There’s no question that the
next big wave of lighting solutions will be a luminaire that is
smart, with integral controls that unleash capability that’s never
been seen before.
As legislation continues to drive controls adoption, there is
an increasing array of enhanced control solutions entering
the market. What these solutions offer today will not be a
representative of what they can do in the future, and we
should not expect change to slow down, but rather accelerate.
Don’t be left behind without the ability to leverage these
benefits in the future.
With the inherent long life of LED lighting solutions, coupled
with the quickly evolving array of technology, the luminaire you
select today may “lock you in” for many years, if not decades.
Various control technologies are incorporated in outdoor
lighting solutions today, from simple 0-10V low voltage wires, to
a digital addressable lighting interface, WI-FI, as well as wireless
controls integrated into building management systems.
Think Ahead
Outdoor lighting and control solutions are not a “one size fits all”
solution, but often offer a wide variety of distributions, lumen
packages, as well as various features and benefits that may or may
not be desired. Don’t limit your perception of controls to just a
method to further enhance energy savings, but rather a way to
leverage the technology and integrate with smart grids.
It’s also important to have a deep comprehension of the
solution before determining if it’s the right fit for the
application. By developing a forward thinking mindset,
embracing controls, and incorporating an applications-based
approach, specifiers may be able to maximize benefits and
enhance the level of safety. ei
Mr. Snyder, an engineer and marketing professional with more
than 12 years of experience in outdoor lighting, is on the forefront
of product and market development. He has received numerous
product awards for innovation and design.
A Greener, Brighter Future Is Just A Retrofit Away.
LED High Bay
LED Wall Pack
NEMA electroindustry • February 2015 21 - ho u r
ructed 24
t
s
n
o
c
ly
The new
Figure 1.
m at t h e
ration roo
t
s
n
o
m
e
d
he m e
d
lighting sc
vides cycle
ro
p
r
e
t
n
e
esearch C
Lighting R
vels
high light le
l,
o
o
c
h
it
hting w
electric lig
els at
m, low lev
r
a
w
d
n
a
day
during the
made
room was
e
h
t
f
o
n
structio
night. Con
iance, led
Health All
&
t
h
ig
L
y the
possible b
Health
iro. Light &
e
u
ig
F
a
n
ria
etra,
by Dr. Ma
Brands, K
y
it
u
c
A
embers are
Alliance m
arp,
ighting, Sh
L
s
ip
il
h
P
Sylvania,
OSRAM
Lighting.
and USAI
Electric Lighting Will Improve
Our Quality of Life in the Future
Mark S. Rea, PhD, Director of Lighting Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
A
ll creatures, great and small, are governed by the natural 24-hour, lightdark cycle. Every cell and physiological system in plants and animals
exhibits a circadian (circa: approximately; dies: day) cycle synchronized to the
local sunrise and sunset. The constantly repeating 24-hour rhythm of light
and dark affects every one of our biological systems from DNA repair in single
cells to melatonin production by the pineal gland to electrical activity in the
brain. Disruption of these circadian rhythms compromises human health
and wellbeing.
22 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
Conversely, introducing a regular 24-hour pattern of light and
dark by modulating the amount of electric lighting we are
exposed to daily can have many positive benefits. For example,
much of the electric lighting in senior housing facilities is dim
and constantly operating. Several field studies have shown
that introducing bright light during the day and dim light
at night enables seniors to consolidate their sleep during the
night, reduce their napping during the day, increase their sleep
efficiency, and reduce the agitation associated with dementia.
Lighting Up Quality of Life
Q
This same, simple principle of modulating the amount of
electric lighting over 24 hours has been shown to be effective for
improving sleep among crew members in U.S. Navy submarines
and may also be effective for improving health outcomes
in premature infants, such as weight gain. Improved health
outcomes in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) can also
lead to economic benefits, such as earlier patient discharge.
Admittedly, seniors, submariners, and premature infants are
very special cohorts, but there is every reason to believe that
deliberate intervention of a 24-hour lighting scheme would
improve the health and productivity of anyone. One problem
for demonstrating these benefits is measuring health and
productivity outcomes among “normal” people.
Most people in modern society are not restricted to one place
day-in and day-out, as are seniors, submariners, and premature
infants. Many people move from one building space to another
throughout the day, frequently modify their routine from day
to day, and perhaps, travel on trans-oceanic flights. These
frequent changes in activity and location result in a wide
variety of light-dark exposure patterns that cannot be readily
linked to health outcomes.
To make the links between light-dark exposures and health
outcomes, it is necessary to actually measure personal lightdark exposure patterns. More importantly for the future, these
measurements of personal light-dark exposure patterns make
it possible to manage a person’s future light-dark exposure
patterns for these “circadian-irregular” lifestyles, thereby
delivering therapeutic light (and dark) at the appropriate time
and for the appropriate duration for that particular individual.
Much of our research at the Lighting Research Center (LRC)
at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute is specifically aimed at
understanding how patterns of light and dark affect health
outcomes. To do so, we have been developing light sensors
and lighting control algorithms to manage personal light-dark
exposure patterns (figure 1).
In the next decade, personal health will fundamentally depend
upon the science, as well as the technologies associated with
light sensors and lighting controls because circadian rhythms
are the platforms for all biology on Earth. Between now and
then, the tools and algorithms being developed and used
for special applications like NICUs, submarines, and senior
healthcare facilities are already making a demonstrable
difference in the quality of life. ei
Dr. Rea is director of the LRC and professor of architecture and
cognitive sciences at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.
DATA CERTIFICATION
PROGRAM
Designed to measure the quantity & quality of data available in the IDW
COMPLIANCE
43Critical Fields
Completion of
needed to conduct business & sell products
EXCELLENCE
2
Quarterly
Quality Checks
of completed fields to ensure
consistency and accuracy
BETTER DATA. BETTER BUSINESS.
For more information on IDEA’s Data Certification Program,
please contact your Data Management Specialist or visit:
www.idea4industry.com
NEMA electroindustry • February 2015 23 Zhaga Consortium Responds to Evolving
Requirements of LED Industry
Tim Whitaker, Director, Marketing Communications, Zhaga Consortium
A
s the international Zhaga Consortium1 evolves, it is listening to the voice
of the lighting industry and responding with new initiatives. Zhaga was
established to develop specifications for interchangeable LED (light-emitting
diode) light sources, and is now building on its initial success by addressing
new areas that represent a consensus requirement from the market.
For example, based on feedback from luminaire manufacturers
and component suppliers, Zhaga is developing a new
specification for chip-on-board (COB) LED arrays. The
consortium is also making progress with its efforts to enable the
independent interchangeability of LED modules and drivers.
Several new Zhaga interface specifications—known as Books—
are getting closer to completion, while new proposals are being
evaluated, including specifications covering different types of
replaceable LED light engines (LLEs).
At the other end of Zhaga’s Book development process, the
consortium recently signed a liaison agreement with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). This is
expected to result in the publication of an IEC publicly-available
specification (PAS)2 based on Zhaga Book 3 for spotlight
modules. Zhaga is also making sure that the set of parameters in
each of its specifications will enable interchangeability without
restricting design freedom, as requested by the market.
Chip-on-Board Arrays
Zhaga recently announced that it is working on a new Book
that will include COB LED arrays. Such products are currently
used throughout the industry, but different manufacturers
offer a wide range of alternative sizes. This creates problems for
luminaire makers and other stakeholders, such as COB holder
suppliers, and limits their options to use alternative products
from different suppliers without changing their luminaire or
holder designs.
“We consulted many luminaire makers and other stakeholders,
and received broad support for our plans to standardize this
type of LED light source,” said Zhaga Secretary General
Musa Unmehopa. “These companies asked us to standardize
properties such as the mechanical dimensions of the modules,
the position of electrodes, and the diameter of the lightemitting surface.”
Zhaga Consortium is a global organization that develops specifications for interchangeable LED light
sources.
A PAS is a publication responding to an urgent market need. The objective is to speed up
standardization in areas of rapidly-evolving technology.
1
2
24 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
COB LED array illustration
courtesy of Zhaga Consortium
The new Zhaga Book will define LED light engines made up
of rectangular and square LED modules with a circular lightemitting surface (LES) and a separate LED driver. The Book will
define a family of modules with the following printed circuit
board dimensions: 12 x 15 mm, 16 x 19 mm, 19 x 19 mm, 20 x
24 mm, 24 x 24 mm, and 28 x 28 mm. The circular LES sizes
defined in the new Book will correspond to the LES categories
specified in current Books covering spotlight modules.
Driver and Module Interchangeability
Based on feedback from the industry, Zhaga announced
that it will aim to enable independent interchangeability
of LED modules and drivers. Current Zhaga specifications
only define the conditions necessary for interchange of a
complete LLE (which includes both module and driver). In the
cases where modules and drivers are separate, independent
interchangeability would allow a luminaire maker to use a
different compatible LED module without also having to use
a different driver.
Independent interchangeability requires appropriate
specifications that describe the driver-module electrical
interface. Zhaga is now evaluating suitable specifications that
have been created by external organizations. It is anticipated
that such specifications will be normatively referenced in some
of Zhaga’s existing and new Books, where appropriate.
It is not unusual for Zhaga specifications to reference other
standards. For example, NEMA SSL 7A-2013 Phase Cut
Dimming for Solid State Lighting—Basic Compatibility has
already been referenced by Zhaga Books 2 and 8, which
describe socketable integrated LLEs.
Lighting Up Quality of Life
Q
Book Updates
As a result of Zhaga’s recent liaison agreement with IEC, it is
expected that IEC publications will be based on Zhaga interface
specifications, beginning with Book 3 for spotlight modules, in
conjunction with Book 1, which contains generic definitions.
In addition, preparatory work is underway to transfer Book
3 into a PAS. In this case, it represents a consensus in an
industrial consortium external to IEC. IEC will work with the
current edition (1.3) of Book 3, together with Book 1, which
contains information referenced by all Zhaga Books. Once
transferred to IEC, future amendments will be considered, and
commented and voted on according to IEC rules.
Among the new specifications being discussed and developed,
Zhaga is close to completing Book 9. It covers LLEs composed
of a non-socketable LED module with a ring-shaped LES and
a separate LED driver. The small, mid-power LED modules
have diameters of 12 mm or 25 mm for the ring-shaped LES,
and could enable LED luminaire products for use in consumer
lighting applications, such as small spotlights, track lighting,
and other compact luminaires.
Zhaga is also building on the success of Book 3, which defines
50-mm diameter modules for spotlighting applications. It is
extending the range of spotlight modules to both larger (75mm diameter) and smaller (35-mm diameter) sizes. These are
currently designated Book 10 and Book 11, respectively.
Stakeholder Value
In order to provide maximum value to stakeholders, Zhaga is
undertaking a comprehensive review of the parameters included
in each of its specifications. The goal is to ensure that the full
parameter set of each Book includes all the characteristics
necessary to enable interchangeability.
The starting point was to create an exhaustive list of properties
associated with modular LED light sources described in Zhaga
Books. A number of luminaire makers and other stakeholders
were asked to explain their requirements and preferences for
each of the properties in order to determine which properties
should be included in each Book. In some instances, this may
result in additional parameters, or the removal of properties
unrelated to interchangeability.
The characteristic properties of LED light sources were assigned
to one of three groups (see table 1). The first group includes
properties not relevant to interchangeability, and are therefore
not included in Zhaga specifications. Examples include
performance characteristics such as luminous efficacy and
properties such as choice of materials.
The second group of parameters includes those restricted by
Zhaga specifications, such that little or no variation is allowed.
Many parameters in this group relate to mechanical fit (e.g., size
and position of screw holes). Another example is the maximum
outer dimensions of an LED module and corresponding
demarcation area in the luminaire.
The third group contains parameters where the value must be
known in order for a customer to determine if one light source is
interchangeable with another. For some parameters, such as those
relating to thermal interface, Zhaga created precise definitions so
that provided values will allow product comparisons and facilitate
luminaire design. For other parameters, such as luminous flux,
Zhaga Books require the product to be placed into one of a series
of categories. This enables a customer looking for closely-matched
interchangeable products to select from alternatives that are in the
same flux category.
It’s important to note that Zhaga promotes design freedom
by only restricting those parameters that are essential to
ensure interchangeability. Many other properties are listed
on the product datasheet, but their values are not restricted
by Zhaga specifications, which allows maximum value-added
differentiation. Furthermore, because Zhaga requires LLE
manufacturers to provide a detailed set of parameters for each
product, this allows luminaire makers to draw meaningful
comparisons and informed choices based on dependable data.
By listening to feedback from stakeholders and responding
in a timely and efficient manner, the Zhaga Consortium is
continuing to provide an important contribution to the ongoing
growth and development of the LED lighting industry. ei
Mr. Whitaker is the former editor and founder of LEDs Magazine.
Parameter or property type
Restricted
Listed on product datasheet
Not specified by Zhaga
Requirement for Zhaga compliance
Exact match with specified
value(s)
Value is not restricted.
Value must be shown on product datasheet
No requirement
Relevance to interchangeability
Essential
Values required to enable comparison of products
Not relevant, or data available from other sources
Implications for design freedom
Limited or no design freedom
Full design freedom
Full design freedom
Implications for Zhaga testing
Fully tested to ensure compliance
Test lab compares measured values with manufacturer’s
datasheet. Some parameters not tested
Not tested
Examples
Screw hole size and position
Luminous flux, maximum operating temperature
Efficacy (lm/W), choice of materials
Table 1. Comparison of parameter types for LED modules and their relationship with Zhaga specifications
NEMA electroindustry • February 2015 25 1
2
Photo 1: LEDs can be designed to mimic skylights or windows.
Photo ©The Sky Factory, Community North Hospital,
Indianapolis
Photo 2:LEDs can be color-tuned to maximize plant growth for
indoor agriculture. Photo courtesy of GE Lighting
What’s Next for Solid-State Lighting?
James Brodrick, U.S. Department of Energy
A
dimmable—which is why it may be more effective at regulating
the sleep cycle, combating seasonal affective disorder, and
mitigating jet lag.
What has people even more excited are the ways SSL is being
used for purposes beyond traditional illumination.
Dr. Lockley’s fellow panelists—lighting consultant John
Hwang of Planled and lighting designer Leslie North of Aurora
Lighting Design—discussed how this spectral tuning can be
used to benefit specific populations, such as hospital patients
and professional athletes, while others in Detroit mentioned
other potential uses ranging from improving productivity in the
workplace and classroom, to facilitating the growing of crops
and the breeding of livestock.
That was a hot topic at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE)
ninth annual SSL Market Development Workshop, which
was held in Detroit a few months ago. Many of the speakers
emphasized that, thanks in large part to SSL, we’re beginning to
regard lighting not merely as a source of illumination, but rather
as a multifunction device we can use to improve our mood,
health, productivity, and much more.
Another hot topic in Detroit was the advent of “smart lighting,”
a aspect of which involves the pairing of SSL with automated
controls that adjust the light level based on actual conditions.
Such functionality is becoming increasingly common, both
because of the added energy savings it brings and because SSL
has the potential to be more controllable than other lighting
technologies.
In a panel on that topic, Steven Lockley, PhD, of Harvard
University, explained that light exerts a powerful effect on our
bodies, mainly through special nonvisual cells in the eye that
are particularly sensitive to light in the blue range (at a peak of
480 nm) and that play a major part in regulating our circadian
rhythm. LED lighting has an advantage over other lighting
technologies in this regard, because it’s easily color-tunable and
But smart lighting also has the potential to go well beyond
energy savings. According to workshop speaker Partha Dutta of
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute’s Smart Lighting Engineering
Research Center, it could also interface with building
management systems, transmit high-speed wireless data, finetune occupancy and functional sensing, and make us healthier
and more productive.
s we stand on the brink of a lighting revolution spearheaded by
light-emitting diode (LED) technology, one question on everyone’s
minds is: what’s next for solid-state lighting (SSL)? Formerly just an
intriguing possibility, SSL has come so far so fast that its U.S. market share
had already reached three percent in 2013—and that share is rapidly rising,
as performance continues to improve across multiple characteristics while
prices continue to drop.
26 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
Lighting Up Quality of Life
Q
We’re Not There Yet
These visions of the future are intriguing and enticing, but we’re
not there yet. Lighting control systems have long suffered from
the assumption that they are simply “plug and play.” While SSLbased systems hold the potential to be “smarter” than earlier
lighting controls systems, good system design and planning will
remain critical to success.
If insufficient time and attention are given to the installation,
startup, or commissioning needs of the chosen lighting devices,
many systems will not meet user expectations and may not
function optimally. The integration of intelligence and even
sensors directly into luminaires is reducing, but not eliminating,
some of the historical design and planning needs, and the
automation they provide has performance limitations.
user needs are not fully understood at the time of specification
or are likely to change over time. If the chosen vendor cannot
support changing needs, the user may be faced with the decision
to start over from scratch or live with an existing, increasingly
unsuitable system.
Many lighting controls are marketed as complying with one or
more standards. However, lighting specifiers and users often
do not fully understand what some of these standards ensure.
For example, the 0-10V standard1 does not specify when, or
even whether, a luminaire should turn off; as a result, when two
luminaires are presented with the same control signal, one may
turn off, while the other may go to a low lighting level. Similarly,
the DALI standard2 has not historically required compliance
testing, leading to different manufacturers developing different
“versions” of DALI products, which are often not interoperable.
The increased sophistication of these future lighting systems
will change the paradigm for how we design, install, and
maintain them, but there are other factors that could prevent
them from achieving their full potential. The application of
new SSL and/or lighting control technology to existing lighting
infrastructure continues to present challenges related to
compatibility, interoperability, and interchangeability among
lighting system components.
All of the following assumptions need to be checked when
applying new technology:
• devices are compatible with existing infrastructure,
• devices from different manufacturers that need to work
together (e.g., to exchange data) are indeed sufficiently
interoperable, and
• devices that seem to perform the same function and even
have similar specifications are, in fact, interchangeable.
The frustration caused by these challenges can lead to significant
market adoption barriers. For example, the compatibility issues
that many LED integral lamps have with the installed base of
phase-cut dimmers has led some early adopters to mistrust the
dimmability claims of these products.
Interoperability—Key to Smart Lighting
Interoperability, in particular, is crucial to enabling smart
lighting and realizing the full potential of SSL technology.
At present, most lighting control systems use proprietary
hardware and/or software, thereby requiring the potential user
to make a substantial investment in products from a single
vendor, which then locks them in for future purchases. The
user must continue to buy from that same vendor to ensure
that new system components work well with those purchased
previously. This lack of interoperability increases user risk when
considering new installations, especially in instances where
We’re beginning to regard lighting not merely as a
source of illumination, but rather as a multifunction
device we can use to improve our mood, health,
productivity, and much more.
Efforts to bring more interoperability to the lighting control
market are already underway within the ZigBee Alliance,
LonMark International, the TALQ Consortium, the Connected
Lighting Alliance, and others. While interoperability may be
perceived to be less important for relatively small, self-contained
lighting systems (e.g., those servicing a single conference room
or even building floor), the challenges promise to increase
over time as more systems become interconnected in support
of net-zero building, smart-city, smart-grid, and intelligent
transportation initiatives.
With LED lighting systems and luminaires evolving into
multifunction devices more akin to computers than lights, it’s
important that we make sure the quality of the light doesn’t
suffer. The same goes for the energy savings. DOE estimates that
by 2030, SSL could cut national lighting electricity use nearly in
half, which would save 3,000 trillion Btus a year, compared to
188 trillion Btus saved as a result of LED adoption in 2013. These
numbers don’t even include the effect of increased use of controls.
Tradeoffs are not necessary; we can have the energy savings of
SSL as well as its other benefits, but only if we work together
now to address the key issues. ei
Mr. Brodrick is the lighting program manager for the U.S.
Department of Energy, Building Technologies Program.
0-10V dimming interface for LED
DALI is a worldwide standard, specified by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
DALI protocol is set out in IEC 62386.
1
2
NEMA electroindustry • February 2015 27 Daylight Management Champions
“Occupant Friendly”
Net-Zero Energy Buildings Pekka Hakkarainen, PhD, Chair, NEMA Daylight Management Council, and Vice President, Lutron Electronics Co., Inc.
T
he NEMA Daylight Management Council advocates for codes and
standards that focus first on the people who occupy buildings.
Ultimately, the goal is for all new and renovated commercial
buildings to combine management of daylight and electric
lighting to most effectively meet occupant illumination
requirements and efficiency goals. This means that many
building types—offices, educational establishments, and
healthcare facilities—can improve their design to allow
daylight penetration deep into the spaces, which provides
occupants optimal illumination, visual and thermal comfort,
and a connection to the outside during daylight hours. It also
means that during the daytime, the use of electric lighting is
automatically reduced, providing measurable energy savings.
The people in these spaces can benefit from positive health and
wellbeing effects linked to daylight exposure,
and still enjoy the advantages of an
energy-efficient environment.1
Association of Lighting Designers, the American Institute
of Architects, the American Society of Interior Designers);
academia (e.g., educators from the Pennsylvania State University
and the University of California at Davis); the Illuminating
Engineering Society, government laboratories (e.g., Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory); consultants interested in
daylighting (e.g., TRC Energy Solutions); and manufacturers
from the glass, window, and door industries. These
representatives are in addition to NEMA member companies.
Refocusing Myopic Priorities
The initial group of stakeholders began collaborating about
three years ago amid growing concerns that an increasingly
narrow focus on improving energy efficiency would ultimately
result in undesired consequences for occupants. With very rare
exceptions—data centers, greenhouses, and vivaria—
buildings are built for people.
The most energy-efficient building, other
Buildings that
The mission of the NEMA Daylight
than the one that doesn’t get built at all,
Management Council is to encourage,
can respond dynamically
is one that has no lighting, windows,
promote, and facilitate the
electrical services, or heating/cooling—
to changing daylight
widespread use of daylighting and
but how would you get people to work
electric lighting management in U.S.
conditions are better equipped
or live there? As building energy codes
commercial buildings. Our method is
seemed to trend toward a myopic focus on
to meet the long-term
to advocate policies, codes and standards,
saving energy, council members became
and best practices in design, construction,
needs of their occupants
concerned that the least energy-efficient
commissioning, and operation of lighting
buildings that could legally be built would
solutions. The council engages in outreach
and owners.
be unattractive to people because of limited
activities such as presentations at relevant
daylight availability to occupants.
conferences and meetings with end-user groups.
These help inform and educate key stakeholders, including
Green building and high-performance building standards
building owners and developers, on ways to consistently
are intended to drive sustainable, human-centric design, but
improve daylight availability, visual and thermal comfort for
even they often fall short in the quest for truly good buildings.
building occupants, and the energy efficiency of their buildings.
These standards typically cite only minimum energy codes as a
Hosted and funded by the NEMA Lighting Controls
Section, the Daylight Management Council has a broad and
growing membership of other stakeholders as well, including
representatives from the design community (e.g., International
Heschong Mahone Group, Inc., 2003. Windows and Offices: A study of office worker performance and
the indoor environment. Prepared for California Energy Commission
1
28 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
prerequisite, rather than stricter, updated standards that require
daylighting integration.
It is this author’s theory that energy policies are not, in fact,
leading the industry on the desired path toward net-zero energy
buildings—a stated goal of many organizations, including the
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Daylight plays a critical role
Lighting Up Quality of Life
Q
in virtually every building that claims to consume no more
energy than it generates on an annual basis, whether from solar
panels, wind turbines, geothermal generation, or anything else.
Daylight availability is a universal factor in making the building
attractive to, and healthy for, humans!
AWeber Communications’ LEED
Gold headquarters uses daylight
management to achieve the perfect
balance of daylight and electric light.
Photo © Halkin|Mason Photography
Evolving Views on Human Health
NEMA Daylight Council members believe that access to
daylight is important for human health. As a species, we evolved
with the sun, and until very recently—roughly the last 150
years—it wasn’t even possible to rely on man-made light to
supplement daylight. Supported by research, council members
subscribe to the belief that views to the outside promote
health and wellbeing. Studies, such as those conducted by
the Heschong-Mahone group, have documented the negative
impacts on educational and retail buildings that limit daylight
exposure to students or shoppers.1
Buildings that can respond dynamically to changing daylight
conditions are better equipped to meet the long-term needs
of their occupants and owners. Energy efficiency is largely
determined by the design of the building envelope, and
forward-thinking lighting design will increasingly call upon the
well-documented benefits of sunlight to create spaces that are
comfortable, energy-efficient, sustainable, and code compliant.
According to DOE, if we retrofitted all of our
commercial building stock with dynamic
façades—fenestration systems that respond
to the sun, as well as electric lighting
systems that do the same—we would
save 2.6 quads of lighting, heating,
and cooling energy annually
in buildings designed to best
accommodate human visual
and thermal comfort.
Put another way, if all
buildings adopted active
daylighting strategies,
we could achieve
15 percent energy
improvements
relative to
the existing
building stock.
That 15 percent
improvement
is very close to
the additional
energy savings
needed, beyond
current minimum code
requirements, to achieve
net-zero energy in commercial
buildings. There is, in fact, no
other way to achieve the tandem goals of
net-zero energy buildings and humans wanting to live or work
in those buildings.
The council is developing advocacy positions and encouraging
outreach to further the cause of daylighting awareness and
implementation. We are looking for additional, like-minded
people to participate in these efforts. If these issues strike
a chord, and you would like to be a more integral part
of the council’s work, contact Maria Northup
(maria.northup@nema.org) to become part of the
council’s mission. ei
Dr. Hakkarainen is a 2014 recipient of the
NEMA Kite & Key award.
NEMA electroindustry • February 2015 29 The Lighting Revolution:
Has Incandescent Really been Overthrown?
Megan A. Hayes, Technical Director, Lighting Systems Division
or the past decade, war has raged against the incandescent light bulb.
Governments from around the world have implemented laws to replace it
with more efficient technologies. While the primary goal of these phaseout programs is to save energy—some estimates are that one compact
fluorescent lamp (CFL) reduces 66.9 pounds of carbon dioxide annually and
saves more than 70 kWh per year—there are more drawbacks to consider.
F
What Do Customers Really Want?
First is the cost to consumers. Based on lifespan and energy
consumption of incandescent versus more efficient technologies,
incandescent clearly costs more over time. Another drawback
is efficacy. Incandescent bulbs use more energy and produce
less light than their competitors. Finally, incandescent color
temperature is limited, whereas the more efficient technologies
offer a wide range of color temperatures.
CFL and LED technology can provide more options for
color tuning and color rendering, while still providing
higher efficiency and savings for the consumer. Some of the
performance metrics included in efficiency programs address
flicker, audible noise, power factor, and color rendering index
(CRI). These particular metrics all come with their own
challenges. At present, there is no test for flicker or audible noise
that is repeatable. There is no evidence that power factor of selfballasted lamps is causing power quality issues. Several industry
organizations, including NEMA, the Illuminating Engineering
Society, and LightingEurope, have issued position papers
indicating that the CRI is flawed.
One alternative is CFLs. During their introduction to the
market, there were consumer dissatisfiers that slowed adoption.
These included time to turn on, incompatibility with the
installed base of dimmers, color temperature, and audible
noise. The industry has addressed many of these issues through
standardization, best practices, and consumer education.
However, some consumers are still wary of the technology.
Over the past few years, light-emitting diode (LED) technology
has been gaining ground in the replacement lamp space. This
technology has fewer consumer issues than CFLs, but regulators
and consumer advocates continue to add performance metrics
to efficiency requirements. Metrics including color rendering,
power factor, dimmability, flicker, audible noise, and color
temperature are often meant for these new technologies to
mimic the performance of incandescent technology.
30 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
Regulators and consumer advocates seem to be comparing all
new lighting technologies to incandescent, which they agreed
to phase out. But is this is the best approach? Is incandescent
lighting really what the consumers want, or can performance
metrics provide flexibility for the industry to continue to
innovate and provide better lighting for the end user?
Continuing to add these performance metrics without stepping
back and taking a look at the full picture leads to confusion in
the marketplace and a delay in bringing high quality, energyefficient products to market.
Moreover, the lighting industry continues to move toward a
systems approach for lighting. This approach would lead to the
reduction of performance and efficiency metrics for individual
system components (e.g., lamps or ballasts). With this in mind,
if focus continues to be on new lighting technologies mimicking
the performance of incandescent, are we limiting the ability
Lighting Up Quality of Life
Q
of the industry to provide the best lighting for the end user?
Is it possible for regulators, consumer advocates, standards
developers, scientists, and research programs to create a new
framework for lighting performance?
In the end, the question that should be asked before any lighting
installation (whether a replacement bulb in a residence or a new
commercial installation) is, “What do we want the light to do for
the user?” Then, we should ask how we ensure that it happens
efficiently, safely, and in a way that satisfies the user. Using a
framework such as this may lead to reducing the number of
performance metrics used. Do we really need CRI, correlated
color temperature, power factor, flicker, noise, efficiency,
dimmability, etc.? If these metrics are needed, can we agree to
set them at a reasonable level that will satisfy consumers while
still allowing industry innovation?
Refocusing Conversation
If energy efficiency is the ultimate goal of efficiency and utility
rebate programs, shouldn’t metrics that reduce efficiency
and increase cost (such as power factor and color quality) be
carefully considered?
It is important for new technologies to meet consumer
expectations so that more efficient products will be used.
However, there does not seem to be much consideration given
to what might drive consumer adoption. Several factors play a
role—cost, efficiency, compatibility with existing systems, and
time to turn on. The conversation about how to drive consumers
to more efficient technology should be refocused around what is
most important to the end user and focused on how to provide
products that meet consumer expectations.
There has been a lot of talk in the industry about a lighting
revolution with LED technology leading the way. If there
continues to be a focus on making new technology the same
as the old, the revolution will never be successful. Lighting
stakeholders need to refocus the discussion instead of
continuing to grasp at incandescent parameters that may not
make sense for new technology. ei
Ms. Hayes (megan.hayes@nema.org) develops standards and
white papers related to lighting and participates in UL standards
development and National Electric Code® input. She is chair
emeritus of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, a member of
the USNC Council, and vice chair of the USNC Communication
and Continuing Education Committee.
NEMA electroindustry • February 2015 31 Electroindustry News
ŰŰIEC Young Professionals Program Engenders Standards Development and
Conformity Assessment Leaders
Chrissy L. S. George, NEMA Communications
I sat down with NEMA Technical
Program Manager and 2014
International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) Young Professional
Ryan Franks to discuss his recent trip
to Tokyo to attend the IEC Young
Professionals Workshop.
Q.What is the IEC Young
Professionals (YP) Program?
It’s a program that was developed as a
way for IEC and its National Committees
to reach the younger generation of
standardization and conformity
assessment experts and leaders. It
encourages long-term participation,
which helps guarantees the continuity of
high-quality industry experts.
At the international level, YP’s goal is
to gain long-term participation in IEC
activities and provide education. At the
national level, it establishes leadership for
U.S. positions at the IEC.
Q.Who attends this workshop?
Each national committee nominates a
number of young professionals (1-3 per
year). This year there were 67 program
participants from 33 different countries.
In each country, it’s a competitive
process to be nominated and attend.
Carin Stuart from Energizer, Kevin
Mangold from NIST [National Institute
of Standards and Technology], and I were
selected by the U.S. National Committee as
2014 U.S. IEC Young Professionals. Most
of the attendees hail from manufacturers
or industry because in many countries,
standards organizations are government
or quasi-government entities.
32 The 2014 IEC Young Professionals Workshop took place in Tokyo, Japan, and included 67
participants from 33 countries. Ryan Franks is standing in the second row, fourth from right.
assessment activities. The broad theme
was to make connections that would
enable future success. There were
meetings with leaders of national
committees, and observations of the
Standards Management Board and
Conformity Assessment Board. There
were also presentations about programs,
opportunities, and challenges for the
future of international standardization.
Much of the program centered on
education related to how standardization
programs are formed and the problems
that they seek to solve. Challenges include
time and funding for participation
as well as communicating the value
of standardization and conformity
assessment activities to management.
Overall, one major theme was the creation
of open markets and free trade, and how
standards lead to simplification of design
and testing, and in turn, increased sales
across markets all over the world.
Q.What did you learn?
Q.What were the most interesting
parts of the program?
Working at NEMA, I typically deal
with the standards side of IEC. But I
had very little knowledge of conformity
It was particularly interesting to visit
Sumitomo Electric Industrial. Sumitomo
has developed a flow battery system and
NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
I’m actively involved in several IEC and
U.S. energy storage standardization
activities. While Sumitomo is a NEMA
member and I’ve read and heard about its
product, I was able to see a full, working
system and learn about how it was
developed and built.
There was a wide range of experience
levels in the field of standardization
and conformity assessment across the
participants. I’m already involved in
several IEC activities, including being
convener of a working group in IEC
TC120. However, many participants
had never served or run a technical
committee, so many of the topics at the
meeting served as good refreshers, but
were not wholly new to me.
One recommendation might be to
create two or more tiers based on core
knowledge. What is most important
are the human connections formed. I
can imagine myself running into these
people down the road. Having this
experience in common will serve as
platform to start a conversation. In fact,
it already has. Just today, a contact in
Turkey emailed me about a National
Electrical Code® article. ei
®
Wireless Adjustable Aiming & Dimming.
Sealed LED Light Engine.
http://www.kimlighting.com/ltv8/
The Bluetooth word mark and logos are registered trademarks owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Kim Lighting is under license.
Code Actions/Standardization Trends
ŰŰLighting Systems Division Takes Proactive Approach with Code Cycles
All of the codes from the organizations
mentioned above are on a three-year
code maintenance cycle. This means
that new editions of these codes are
released every three years. In the past,
the NEMA Lighting Systems Division’s
(LSD) role has been reactive. Instead of
drafting proposals and looking for ways
to improve various codes, LSD would
respond and comment on proposals
submitted by other parties. Going
forward, it is important to take a more
proactive approach to modifying codes.
To this end, LSD has taken it upon itself
to keep a continuously-updated schedule
of when proposals for a change to the
code are due. Although NEMA has a
codes and standards committee, LSD
wanted to work with codes and standards
to take a more focused approach to the
sections of codes that deal with lighting
and lighting systems.
At October 2014 meetings in Monterey,
California, LSD members expressed an
interest in being more involved with the
development and maintenance of codes
relevant to the lighting industry. As a
result, NEMA has begun to compile a
comprehensive list of the code sections
that should be reviewed.
Currently, NEMA has two working
groups geared toward making changes
to existing codes. The first group is
considering proposing changes to
NFPA 101 Life Safety Code. As member
companies comply with this code, it is
important to provide accurate definitions
for terms within it. This working group
34 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
is looking to provide the NFPA with a
definition of “fail-safe” in reference to
emergency egress lighting.
The second group is a working group of
the Daylight Management Council. This
group is planning to develop model code
language for the management of daylight
in lighting systems. LSD continues to
work to define a Lighting System, and
most people agree that effective use of
daylight should be an integral part of a
building lighting system.
The model code that the Lighting
Controls Section-sponsored Daylight
Management Council’s working group
plans to develop will be focused on
daylighting. However, existing codes
will have the ability to adopt this model
daylighting code by referencing it in
any future editions. Having a code that
relates to the role daylighting plays will
have the added benefit of simplifying
that component in the overall definition
of a lighting system.
As deadlines for codes other than NFPA
101 approach their revision dates, NEMA
will continue to work with members to
draft proposals that simultaneously drive
progress and enhance safety. ei
Paul Rodriguez, Program Manager |
paul.rodriguez@nema.org
areamaster™ LeD LUmiNaires
certifieD for HazarDoUs LocatioNs
Appleton Grp LLC d/b/a Appleton Group.
The Appleton and Emerson logos are registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
© 2014, Appleton Grp LLC. All rights reserved.
Lighting industry language can be
found in every building code. Whether
published by the International Codes
Council (ICC), the National Fire
Protection Association (NFPA), or
ASHRAE, every code has requirements
or recommendations for methods of
lighting buildings or other areas.
BriGHt, LoNG-LastiNG,
eNerGY-efficieNt LeD fixtUres for
HazarDoUs fLooDLiGHt aND HiGH BaY appLicatioNs
Save energy costs with the most efficient lighting technology available in the marketplace.
Count on reliable operation in harsh weather, extreme temperatures and rugged conditions.
Give your workers the bright, consistent light they need to be safe and productive on the job.
We have elevated hazardous LED lighting to a new level — Areamaster™ LED .
For product information:
www.appletonelec.com | 1.800.621.1506
ŰŰNEMA Launches New Committee on Lighting Systems
In August 2014, NEMA launched the
ASC 137 Lighting Systems Committee.
This committee received approval
from the American National Standards
Institute (ANSI) Executive Standards
Council as an Accredited Standards
Committee (ASC). This committee puts
NEMA at the forefront of efforts for
development of codes and standards
for lighting systems technologies. ASC
137 will develop and approve standards
under its defined scope:
“To develop standards and
specifications for indoor and outdoor
lighting systems installed in an
application with consideration of
human health and comfort, personal
security, the physical environment,
energy consumption and daylight
integration. Such a system includes
components (e.g., luminaires, sensors/
controllers, and windows or skylights)
and associated software designed
to minimize energy use while
maintaining lighting quality, and that
may be interconnected to provide
control, monitoring functions, and
interface with related systems.”
Development of American National
Standards, via the consensus-based
process approved by ANSI, will allow
all stakeholders to have input into
the standards being developed. This
will lead to faster adoption of these
Focus Area
Deliverable
Definitions
Define the terms compatibility, interoperability and interchangeability for lighting
systems.
0-10V Dimming Interface
Develop complete proposals for standards development for 0-10V dimming interface
for LED. It will evaluate existing work for applicability to the LED technology. A full
proposal shall include title/scope and may include an outline of the standard.
Security
Make a recommendation for an approach for C137 related to security. They will
consider whether the committee should develop a technical recommendation to be
used across C137 standards or develop a series of standards. In addition, they will
consider the NIST framework, cybersecurity, physical security, etc.
Energy Prediction and
Measurement
(1) Propose a list of potential standards development activities, including a scope and
title (for example, measurement of the lighting load, including both plug load and
wired load).
(2) Survey industry efforts related to prediction and measurement of energy (e.g.,
DLC) and recommend a strategy for development of American National Standards for
energy measurement and prediction.
Applications
Propose standards development activities, including scope and title for application
specific scenarios, for example: adaptive street lighting, smart parking, commercial
office, multi-family, hospitality.
Table 1. ASC 137 Focus Areas and Deliverables
critical specifications. Currently, there
are 31 companies and organizations
that have applied for membership in
the committee, including lighting
manufacturers, efficiency programs,
utilities, and testing laboratories.
The committee held its first meeting
in December 2014 and identified five
focus areas and deliverables (see table
1). It is expected that these deliverables
will be available for discussion during
the committee’s next meeting, which is
scheduled for May 12–13, 2015.
Membership in ASC 137 is open to all
directly- and materially-affected parties.
The committee is actively seeking
additional membership in the user and
general interest categories. For more
information, including a membership
application, visit www.nema.org/c137. ei
Megan A. Hayes, Technical Director,
Lighting Systems Division |
megan.hayes@nema.org
The NEMA Low Voltage Surge Protective Devices Section launched an updated version of nemasurge.org.
Home to the NEMA Surge Protection Institute, the website provides information and resources related to
surge protection for residential, commercial, and industrial consumers.
Listen to the latest Electric Minute: www.nema.org/eMtn-NEMASurge-Makeover
NEMA electroindustry • February 2015 35 Code Actions/Standardization Trends
ŰŰC136 Updates Standards for Publication, Seeks New Membership
In 2014, ANSI Accredited Standards
Committee 136 (C136) for Roadway and
Area Lighting approved ten standards
for publication, and has been updating a
number of other ones.
Among the issues being investigated
by C136 are plasma lighting, remote
monitoring, and revenue grade energy
management. The C136 scope includes
all types of street and area lighting,
including lamp types, pole construction
and support, tunnel lighting, enclosed
architectural luminaires, system selection
guides, lighting controls, ingress
protection, ancillary devices, and more. The committee is open to all
materially-affected, interested parties;
however, ANSI C136 is actively seeking
additional membership from the User
and General Interest membership
categories. If you are interested, contact
Megan Hayes (megan.hayes@nema.org).
Documents approved for publication
in 2014:
• ANSI C136.12 American National
Standard for Roadway and Area
Lighting Equipment—Mercury
Lamps—Guide for Selection
• ANSI C136.13 American National
Standard for Roadway and Area
Lighting Equipment—Metal Brackets
for Wood Poles
• ANSI C136.14 American National
Standard for Roadway and Area
Lighting Equipment—Elliptically
Shaped, Enclosed Side-mounted
Luminaires for Horizontal-burning
High-intensity Discharge Lamps
• ANSI C136.16 American National
Standard for Roadway and Area
Lighting—Enclosed, Post Top-Mounted
Luminaires
• ANSI C136.22 American National
Standard for Roadway and Area
Lighting Equipment—Interal Labeling
of Luminaires
• ANSI C136.34 American National
Standard for Roadway and Area
Lighting Equipment—Vandal
Shields for Roadway and Area
Lighting Luminaires
• ANSI C136.35 American National
Standard for Roadway and Area
Lighting Equipment—Luminaire
Electrical Ancillary Devices (LEAD)
• ANSI C136.40 American National
Standard for Roadway and
Area Lighting Equipment—Solar
Lighting Systems
• ANSI C136.41 American National
Standard for Roadway and Area
Lighting Equipment—Dimming Control
between an External Locking Type
Photocontrol and Ballast or Driver
• ANSI C136.46 American National
Standard for Roadway and Area Lighting
Equipment—Concrete Lighting Poles ei
Megan A. Hayes, Technical Director,
Lighting Systems Division |
megan.hayes@nema.org
IEC Updates
IEC, ISO, and ITU Publish New
International Accessibility Guide
Guide 71 provides practical advice
to standards developers so, from the
beginning, they can address accessibility
in standards that focus, either directly
or indirectly, on any type of system that
people use.
Energy Storage Helps Power
World Ahead
To balance increasing levels of
intermittent renewable energy generation
from wind and solar systems, electrical
energy storage solutions are needed that
use and store energy efficiently and help
improve grid stability and flexibility.
Upcoming IEC Annual Meetings
IEC conducts annual meetings in
different member countries. The schedule
36 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
for upcoming General Meetings is as
follows: 2015 Belarus, 2016 Germany,
2017 Russia, 2018 Korea, 2019 China,
2020 Sweden, and 2022 U.S.
This could grow to include cybersecurity,
and potential concerns related to outside
interference against smart grid or other
centralized applications.
These events include meetings of IEC
management committees, along with
numerous technical committees, and
provide opportunities for informal
information sharing and meeting
individuals from related groups and
other countries.
Also at the Tokyo meeting, a new Systems
Evaluation Group 6 was established for
“Non-traditional Distribution Networks
/ Microgrids,” particularly considering
establishment of electrical generation
by renewables and developments in
new or underserved markets. This will
also look at islanding arrangements
with generation and energy storage
accomplished locally after disconnection
from the general power grid.
New Advisory Committee, Group
Established at Tokyo Meeting
A new Advisory Committee on Security
was established during the November
2014 Tokyo meeting. Its work could
affect numerous committees where
issues related to information security
and data privacy may have an impact.
Compiled from IEC TC News Log
ei
Ken Gettman, International Standards
Director | ken.gettman@nema.org
Two sizes: 4” and 5”
s
Up to 12,800 lumens
s
Up to 103 lumens per watt
s
Zero uplight
International Roundup
ŰŰNEMA Organizes Distribution Automation Workshop to Promote Smart Grid in China
NEMA organized a focused technical
workshop in support of a contract with
from the U.S. Trade and Development
Agency (USTDA) to promote smart grid
opportunities in China. The workshop—
supported by the Shanghai Electrical
Apparatus Research Institute (SEARI)—
focused on distribution automation (DA)
and took place in Shanghai on November
25, 2014. Attendance included more than
150 interested stakeholders. The list of
attendees is available for follow-up by
NEMA member companies.
DA has emerged as a key smart grid
component that provides reliability,
efficiency, and resiliency to the electrical
grid. The workshop featured several
presentations and discussions around
solutions in smart power DA systems,
including experiences and lessons
learned from ongoing projects within
China and the U.S. The workshop
commenced with opening remarks from
Yin Tianwen, president of the Shanghai
Electrical Apparatus Institute, and Eric
Crowley, commercial officer of the U.S.
consulate-general in Shanghai.
NEMA Distribution Automation
Industry Director Steve Griffith gave a
presentation on NEMA’s Distribution
Automation Section, which included its
origin, scope, and planned activities to
address barriers to DA investments that
NEMA member companies are seeing in
the marketplace. Dr. Kerry Cheung from
the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
made a presentation on the U.S.–China
Climate Change Working Group: Smart
mercmaster™ LeD LUmiNaires
Appleton Grp LLC d/b/a Appleton Group.
The Appleton and Emerson logos are registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
© 2014, Appleton Grp LLC. All rights reserved.
cHaNGiNG tHe waY YoU Look at LiGHt
certifieD for cLass i, DiVisioN 2
aND zoNe 2 LocatioNs.
LED lighting has come to hazardous locations, and the Mercmaster LED luminaire is setting
the industry standard for safety, performance and efficiency.
Mercmaster LED luminaires bring their energy saving benefits to customers worldwide.
They have set the bar even higher for the lighting industry in terms of a lower weight fixture,
shock resistance, cold start capabilities, minimal heat production which improves service
life, overall safety and lower energy consumption.
For product information:
www.appletonelec.com | 1.800.621.1506
38 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
Grid Initiative. His presentation also
included the latest results/lessons learned
on DOE Smart Grid Investment Grant
projects, highlighting ones that included
some aspect of DA.
A number of NEMA member companies
which have a presence in China
presented specific DA solutions: ABB
addressed its distributed intelligent
solution for distributed networks;
Eaton focused on its advanced feeder
automation solution as a means to reduce
outage durations via automatic fault
isolation and service restoration; and
S&C Electric focused on its community
energy storage application as a method
to address the impact of distributed
generation on the grid.
The workshop also featured Chinese
presentations on a photovoltaic
distributed power generation system, as
well as one on the design of the power
supply system for the Shanghai Tower.
It’s interesting to note that Shanghai
Tower is not only the second largest
structure in the world, but it also
includes a number of onsite devices (such
as wind turbines and a natural gas-fired
cogeneration unit) that will generate
energy. Additionally, it has a multitude of
sustainable features (e.g., the building’s
outer envelope creates atriums used for
recycling indoor air, and its rainwater
collection system is used for its heating
and air conditioning systems), which
lower its energy usage.
Future workshop topics included in
the USTDA contract include standards
and microgrids. In addition, there is
interest from SEARI, USTDA, and
several NEMA member companies on
conducting a microgrid demonstration
project in Shanghai. ei
Steve Griffith, PMP, NEMA Industry
Director | steve.griffith@nema.org
We take our best ideas
and make them yours.
Learn more about our passion for ingenuity at www.leviton.com/values
Economic Spotlight
ŰŰNEMA Lighting Indexes Show Mixed Results
The NEMA lamp shipments indexes
are composite measures of member
companies’ U.S. shipments of compact
fluorescent, halogen, incandescent
and LED replacement lamps. Product
shipments data are drawn from NEMA
statistical surveys and are adjusted for
seasonal fluctuations.
Compact Fluorescent Lamp
Shipments Continue to Lag
NEMA’s index for compact fluorescent
lamp (CFL) shipments registered a yearover-year decline of 14.5 percent in the
third quarter of 2014, despite a modest
quarterly increase of 1.5 percent. For the
first three quarters of 2014, the CFL index
decreased 13.1 percent compared to the
same period last year. The shipments
index for incandescent A-line lamps
posted a decline of 62.9 percent (quarter
over quarter). In contrast, shipments of
LED A-line and halogen A-line lamps
continued to grow, showing quarterly
gains of 53.8 and 37.7 percent, respectively.
The proliferation of halogen A-line lamp
shipments, and subsequent decline in
shipments of incandescent A-line lamps,
has resulted in an increase in market
share for halogen A-line lamps. Halogen
A-line lamps captured a share of 39.9
percent during the quarter, second only to
CFLs, which continued to hold a narrow
40 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
lead with a 41.1 percent share. The share
of LED lamp shipments was 5.1 percent,
an increase of 2 percentage points.
Incandescent A-line lamps fell nearly
20 points to a share of 13.6 percent.
HID Lamp Shipment Indexes
Relinquish Recent Gains
High-intensity discharge (HID) lamp
shipments showed quarterly declines in
two of the three lamp types. Sodiumand mercury-vapor lamps slipped 8.9
and 10.9 percent, respectively, from the
second quarter to the third quarter. Only
the index for metal halide increased
during the quarter, posting a modest
gain of 2 percent.
Shipments of metal halide lamps
increased 2.7 percentage points to a share
of 63.5 percent of the HID market.
The market share for sodium vapor
lamps slipped to 32.7 percent, a decline
of 2.3 percentage points. Mercury vapor
lamps decreased by 0.4 points to a share
of 3.8 percent.
T12 Lamp Index Increases
during Third Quarter
NEMA’s shipment index for T12 lamps
bested the previous two quarters by
advancing 8.6 percent from the second
quarter to the third. In contrast,
shipments of T5 and T8 lamps decreased
by 6.6 and 11.1 percent, respectively. All
three indexes are in negative territory on
a year-over-year basis for 2014 through
the third quarter.
T12 lamps secured an increase in market
share for the quarter posting a gain of
3.2 percentage points to reach a share of
22.2 percent. The share of T5 lamps was
unchanged at 10 percent. Meanwhile, the
market share for T8 lamps decreased to
67.8 percent.
Lighting Systems Index on the
Rise during Third Quarter
NEMA’s Lighting Systems Index
increased 1.9 percent from the second
to the third quarters of 2014, climbing
to its highest level to date in calendar
year 2014. The index posted a gain of
4.1 percent on a year-over-year basis.
Shipments of emergency lighting,
fixtures, and miniature lamps improved
during the quarter; however, ballast and
large lamp shipments fell. ei
Stacey Harrison, Director, Statistical
Operations | harrisons@nema.org
Read complete reports and the current
Electroindustry Business Conditions Index at
www.nema.org/ebci.
The right LED for your job.
TCP LEDs offer
brilliant light output and
up to 85% energy savings
compared to traditional
halogen, all at an
exceptional value.
Learn more at go.tcpi.com/SaveWithLED
Product Showcase
Industry Leading Lighting Solutions
Cree ZR Series
LED Troffer
Embodying a breakthrough in balancing
energy savings, visual comfort and
payback, the ZR Series LED troffer
portfolio offers an exceptional
combination of brilliant light and
enhanced aesthetics at a remarkable price, all backed by a 10-year limited warranty. Available
in 2x2, 1x4 and 2x4 options ideal for both new construction and renovation, the ZR Series troffer
delivers up to 4000 lumens of 90 CRI color quality with a pleasing look and includes 0-10V dimming
with optional SmartCast™ Technology and up to 150 lumens per watt, which increases energy
savings and helps meet local energy codes.
Through Technology and Innovation
Alera Lighting
Architectural Area Lighting
Beacon Products
Columbia Lighting
Compass
Devine Lighting
Dual-Lite
Hubbell Building Automation
Hubbell Industrial Lighting
Hubbell Outdoor Lighting
Kim Lighting
Kurt Versen
Litecontrol
Prescolite
Progress Lighting
Spaulding Lighting
Sportsliter Solutions
Sterner
For general inquiries, please email: customer.questions@hubbell-ltg.com
Legrand Introduces Harmony®
Tru-Universal Dimmers
Harmony® Tru-Universal dimmers from Legrand are exactly
that: truly universal dimmers. Not only do they self-calibrate
to accommodate any lamp or load, they eliminate the
annoying flickering and poor performance other so-called
universal dimmers are known for. The wide slide controller
and ergonomic slider grip offer easier dimming operation,
and the sleek, modern design complements any room with
interchangeable face plates that come in a variety of popular
colors. Compatible with incandescent, halogen and ELV bulbs:
700W, MLV bulbs: 500VA,LED/CFL bulbs: 450W, and EFL bulbs: 5.5A.
Thread Linear LED Cabinet
and Cove Lighting System
Add dramatic LED lighting to any space, simply.
Thread linear LEDs are self-driven and easy to
install—no external drivers required. The sleek
Thread systems provide continuous, efficient LED
light with perfect color temperature of either
2700K or 3500K from fixture to fixture. Thread is
available from 2.8 to 13 Watts and in convenient
6”, 10”, 21” and 30” lengths that can be easily connected to achieve up to 65’ runs. The combination
of small size, high lumen output, easy installation and simple connection make Thread the most
user-friendly linear LED system available. www.nuvolighting.com
Design Matters.
Where Innovation
Meets Sustainability.
Replace up to 400-watt metal halide products with the Lumark Night
FalconTM LED floodlight luminaire. Night Falcon’s precision engineered
optics delivers superior uniform illumination to targeted applications
including general area, security and building facade lighting in
commercial and industrial applications.
www.cooperlighting.com
Simple Energy Lighting Control
The NX Room Controller is a simple, affordable
way to meet energy codes and provide intuitive,
energy saving lighting controls for a single room
or space using digital wall switches, vacancy/
occupancy sensors, and daylight sensors.
www.hubbell-automation.com
Sylvania Lamps Deliver Look
of Halogen with Benefits
of LED
SYLVANIA ULTRA PRO and ULTRA PRO HD PAR LED
lamps, available in 7W (PAR20), 10W (PAR30), 13W
(PAR30LN) and 17W (PAR38), provide superior
beam characteristics compared to other LED lamps.
Like halogen, the high center beam candlepower
can put the focus on merchandise or artwork, and the soft spill can enhance the display. These high
power factor lamps are dimmable to 5%, deliver up to 86% energy savings, and are available in
2700K, 3000K, 3500K and 4000K with two CRI options: 82 CRI and HD performance with 92 CRI for
color critical applications with exceptionally rich deep red content (R9>50).
42 NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
®
provolt™
The Swiss
Army-Knife
of Energy
Management
For more information visit
leviton.com/provolt
No Sponsorship - the reference to any 3rd party trade name
or trademark does not constitute an affiliation.
Coming in March
Product Showcase
Let’s Talk Health
MITA, NEMA’s Medical Imaging & Technology
Alliance, is the leading organization and
collective voice of medical imaging equipment
manufacturers, innovators, and product
developers.
Each March, ei explores advancements in medical
imaging. You might expect an issue focused on
patients whose lives have improved because
of medical imaging and radiation therapy. And
you would be right. What you might not expect
is a look at how the technology itself—lowdose computed tomography, research and
development, and the servicing of imaging
equipment service—contributes to quality of
life and a healthier economy. Expect, also, a look
at the role legislative advocacy plays, as well
as the effects of expanding access to medical
imaging abroad.
You say you don’t know a CT scan from a PET
scan, an ultrasound from an MRI? Well, help
is just around the corner. A pullout primer on
the ABCs of medical imaging will help you be
informed the next time you or a loved one
needs to discuss medical imaging with a
healthcare professional.
MITA member technologies keep you and
the economy healthy. So let’s talk health
next month. ei
pl_matrix_ad_3.5x2_010515.pdf 1 1/5/2015 02:58:14 PM
C
M
Y
CM
MY
Matrix Platform
UNIVERSAL’S NEW
EVERLINE® LED FIXTURES
Infinite possibilities
One turnkey solution
CY
LED Retrofit Kit
CMY
For Fluorescent Replacement
LED Vapor Tight
For Tough Environments
LED Wall Pack
For HID Upgrades
K
Universal Lighting Technologies is a member of the Panasonic Group.
Shine Bright. Save More.
See how GE is leading the way in lighting
innovations at gelighting.com/contactus
New Lumination™ IS
Series LED Luminaires
NEMA electroindustry • February 2015 evseReady.comAD-3.5x2.indd 1
43 1/16/2015 1:09:37 PM
NEMA
Expert
I am
Ask The
Q
What standards are being developed by NEMA
to address solid-state lighting (SSL) and LED
(light-emitting diode) technologies?
NEMA’s Lighting Systems Division has been
promoting and developing SSL standards for
many years. In 2013, we published NEMA SSL
7A Phase Cut Dimming for Solid State Lighting—
Basic Compatibility. This standard deals with
compatibility among component parts. ANSI
C78.50 American National Standard for Electric
Lamps–Assigned LED Lamp Codes, published
in 2014, contains current SSL lamp space
drawings and manufacturer’s data sheet content
requirements. These standards help promote
consistency and interoperability throughout the
SSL industry.
Karen Willis, NEMA Lighting Program Manager
Got a question? Ask the
experts at ei@nema.org
SSL standards currently in development at
NEMA include LED Driver Robustness and
Method of Measurements, Standardized White
LED Datasheets, LED Lamp Code Designations,
and Performance Specifications for LED Direct
Replacement Lamps. We are also updating the
existing standard for chromaticity specifications.
Expert
Listen to the
Listen to Craig Updyke, Manager for Trade and
Commercial Affairs in NEMA Government Relations,
clarify the goals and intentions of a new white paper
developed by the NEMA Lighting Systems Division.
Craig Updyke, Manager for Trade and
The paper helps policy makers and government
Commercial Affairs
officials evaluate the important considerations
(e.g., costs to end users, production efficiencies, and U.S. commitments under
international trade agreements) in relation to their goals to procure energyefficient lighting systems for their agencies and for state or local communities.
Listen at www.nema.org/LSD-white-paper.
44 14-16: ©iStockphoto.com/vmakt
22: ©iStockphoto.com/hatman12
NEMA electroindustry • February 2015
Robert Hick,
Vice President
R&D Engineering,
Leviton Lighting &
Energy Solutions
Until I attended my first Lighting
Division meeting in January 2005,
I had little knowledge of NEMA’s
function or committees. Recognizing
how vitally important it is to be at
the table with others who are actively
shaping the future of the industry, I
made a personal commitment to get
more involved.
Through NEMA and with the
support of my company, I have had
the opportunity to chair several
sections, participate in working groups
developing key NEMA whitepapers
and standards, actively influence
International Electrotechnical
Commission global standards, and
work directly with other important
organizations and regulatory bodies.
During the last ten years, I have
enjoyed involvement with the
constantly evolving lighting industry
as it has taken a main stage in the
future of our energy independence
and reduction of greenhouse gases.
NEMA activities have helped to
knock down market barriers, clarify
misconceptions, and enhance the
safety and reliability of our products.
I look forward to the future as the
Lighting Division concentrates on the
rapid uptake of LED (light-emitting
diode) technologies, demand for more
sophisticated lighting controls, and
improvements to cybersecurity.
One voice at the table can make a
difference; many voices in harmony
can forge transformation. NEMA is
the conduit for your voice. ei
Stock art Credits
Cover, 1: ©iStockphoto.com/AvailableLight
12: ©iStockphoto.com/Gajus
Participation Shapes
the Future
30: ©iStockphoto.com/choness
Wireless lighting controls
Retrofit solutions for code compliance
©2014 Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. | P/N 368-2636 REV E
The latest ASHRAE 90.1, IECC, and
CA Title 24 energy codes now mandate:
Daylight Responsive Control
ü ¨
Automatic Lighting Shutoff
ü ¨
ü Multi-Level Lighting
¨
Lutron offers wireless retrofit solutions – which
simplify installation and minimize disruption.
The Lutron Energi AdvisorTM app makes it easy
to specify the solution for your space.
To learn more contact energy@lutron.com.
Radio Powr SavrTM wireless occupancy and
daylight sensors, Maestro Wireless® dimmer
and Lutron Energi Advisor app
MARKET READY.
Customers accept products with confidence when they see CSA marks. They are among the leading marks
in North America, appearing on billions of products every year. We are an OSHA Nationally Recognized Testing
Laboratory (NRTL), accredited by the Standards Council of Canada (SCC), and fully qualified to confirm
products meet U.S. and Canadian national standards for safety or performance. CSA Group tests and
certifies a wide range of electrical products to standards written by ANSI, UL, CSA and more. We also verify
energy efficiency to ENERGY STAR®, NRCan and CEC requirements. Our one-stop capabilities combine
testing in a single, seamless program that helps meet your goals for speed, efficiency and global market
access. Contact the experts at CSA Group to discuss your next project.
1.866.797.4272 | certinfo@csagroup.org
North America I Europe I Asia
www.csagroup.org