HALLIKAINEV
INDUSTRIAL
CONTINUOUS
In a typical
that
refinery
approximately
twenty-four
control
300 determinations
oils with
the balance
oils and various
viscosity
installed
1.
Decrease
‘2.
Provide
trol of viscosity
While
cessfully
1.
accurate
to record
designs
of refining
of the
to miscellaneous
refining
the
Lube Oil Blending-In
in other instances,
and with great
VIS-
years and the preshas been sucincluding:
some instances
blender;
con-
CONTINUOUS
streams,
the final stream
Vacuum
control
operations.
This instrument
is used to monitor
2.
and/or
tests.
record and/or
Hallikainen
for more than five years.
the blending
never-
analyses.
strument
control
and total
on laboratory
and continuous
for closer control
Continuous
hydraulic
would:
rapid,
applied
fuels,
the percentage
COMETER have been field tested for over fifteen
ent design
on lubricating
may vary at each refinery,
in the plant
per
and specifications.
diesel
the costs of laboratory
older
are made
are made
time and effort is expended
of a stream
Various
of asphalts.
determinations
theless considerable
An instrument
90x,
on fuel oils, jet fuels,
types
of viscosity
about
has shown
of viscosity
quality
SCIENTIFIC
VISCOMETER
investigation
hour day in order to control
Most of the determinations,
number
laboratory,
and
blended
the in-
Modal 1077522
by a precision
success, the instrument
itself
is used ~1s 0 blending
control
instrument
to
of lube oils, fuel oils, etc.
Tower
output
and thus enables
product
may be directed
Distillation
tight
-A
control
to further
CONTINUOUS
on product
processing
VISCOMETER
specifications.
without
storage
provides
immediate
By continuously
in hold-up
tanks
information
monitoring
while
as to product
the tower
a laboratory
output,
the
analysis
is being
VISCOMETER
indicate:,
performed.
3.
Deosphalting
the changes
4.
5.
allows
Lube Oil
is desirable
TINUOUS
and
-
When
accurate
switching
Dewaxing-Many
to recognize
VISCOMETER
the change
may
requires
CI change
of tanks.
In this mclnner
changes
immediately
be used to detect
Crude Oil Residuals-The
COMETER eliminates
scheduling
blending
the need for further
tank
in feed
of heavy
blending
product
stocks normally
in the product
product
in product,
stream
CI CONTINUOUS
contamination
characterize
for minimum
is reduced.
the dewaxing
product
of lubricants.
degradation.
It
A CON-
changes.
vacuum
tower
and
possible
bottoms
and gas oil using ~1CONTINUOUS
over-dilution.
VIS-
,
Figure 1 -Schematic
6.
Fuel Oil
this application,
Production
-A
CONTINUOUS
the closer control
achieves
Flow Diagram
VISCOMETER
a saving
is being
used to control
of 1 % of premium
furnace
the blending
of fuel oils. In
oil from a fuel oil stream
of 17,000
Bbls/day.
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
The Hallikainen
CONTINUOUS
ucts (fluids whose
to analyze
shear
to be measured
Figure
ple fluid
products
provide
adequate
have
1 is o schematic
sample
flow
o capillary
that is a linear
optional
fluid,
tube.
function
protects the flow
the viscosity
of Newtonian
oils, etc. The instrument
shear rate) if o viscosity
built
into the instrument
against
attention.
After
installation
pump
tube
o filtered
driven
prod-
moy be used
determination
at one
requires
that
the fluid
(supplied
with
the vis-
volume,
adiustment,
tube,
in front
os
is regulated
to
or electrical
of the capillary
of the capillary,
over o range
CONTINUOUS
as well
at o constant
in the heat exchanger.
to be made
the
motor. The sorn-
of this both
to o pneumatic
occur due to blockage
measurements
to the instrument.
and capillary
is forced to flow
is converted
ttat might form
sample
by a synchronous
A 60 mesh screen filter
and
filter
The tem,perature
and constant
that might
permits
provides
oil bath.
coke particles
pressure
that
mounted
be noted that the pump
temperature
(centipoise).
and transmitters
very
It should
drop across the capillary
excessive
at the both temperature.
The externally
metering
temperature
viscosity
the capillary
centipoise
Page 2
to measure
with
pump
Y strainer
with the precision
in o constant
of absolute
The choice of capillaries
little
capacity
now at constant
system against
varies
The metering
a heat exchanger.
The pressure
part) is to protect
viscosity
of the instrument.
is o large
are immersed
The sample
designed
sheor rate) such os lubricating
whose
diagram
rate is achieved
then posses through
&.005”C.
(fluids
is primarily
properties.
equipment)
flow
the heat exchanger,
with
information.
lubricating
os standard
A constant
through
does not wry
non-Newtonian
rate will
cometer
viscosity
VISCOMETER
rate
signal
tube
A relief
(an
valve
etc.
of from 0 to 2500
VISCOMETER
requires
ACCURACY
The CONTINUOUS
of reliable,
trouble
VISCOMETER
has been thoroughly
free plant use. Over-all
accuracy
tested
of better
and proven.
than
This Viscometer
1 % has been obtained
provides
in plant
many
years
application.
DESCRIPTION
Housing-The
boxes
suitabl&
Maranite
oil bath
for use in Class 1, Group
and Fiberglas
Motor-A
and enclosed
‘/a h.p. 115/230
on the oil bath cover.
stirrer
through
precision
stant sample
special
flow
gear
attention
given
Coil-A
and
if required.
Stirrer-Two
stainless
through
explosion
the top cover, driving
critical
parts
machined
proof
CI precision
to a tolerance
(approximately
it is recommended
before
that
steel heat exchanger
and
steel cooling
explosion
motor is flange
metering
pump
of 25 microinches,
one gallon/hour).
installation
replacement
has sufficient
tangential
steel
proof
with
mounted
and a bath
provides
To further
in the instrument.
pumps
capacity
be obtained
to bring
a con-
assure accu~Because
from
the sample
the over-all
to their
blade
Assembly-The
perature
based
of the
Hallikainen.
to the viscosity
range
for a given
range
of the transmitter
calibration
measuring
curve provided.
Valve-A
before
against
the bath
lary tube.
The valve
to circulate
through
the blades
range
that
temperature.
gradients
with
of cooling
is approximately
Jet Stir impeller)
water
ambient
are used to agitate
of the oil bath.
CI high velocity
The range
which
be measured
as well
The hollow
blade
as in directions
to measure
and clearly
is designed
by the CONTINUOUS
or 0 to approx.
the viscosity
may be covered
is calibrated
assembly
may
temperature
tube is selected
Each capillary
nor-
13000 SSU @ bath
of a fluid
by each capillary
marked
at the factory
it may
be changed
so that
VISCOMtem-
over Q particular
is determined
by the
and an approximate
in one minute
or less
tools.
stainless
tect the instrument
bath
(Hallikainen-Shell
1300 SSF @ bath
The capillary
The capillary
the need for special
Relief
viscosity
temperature.
used.
temperature
circulation
surfaces.
(0 to approx.
on sp. gr. of 0.9).
control
and temperature
out through
maximum
ETER is 0 to 2500 centipoise
design
constant
radially
desired
than the instrum!ent
of special
time
in the oil bath for constant
be used if’the
is greater
stirrers
oil to flow
coil is provided
coil will
temperature
stainless
Capillary
pump
aluminum
The oil bath cover and box are insulated
gearhead,
and run in at the factory
The cooling
cause the bath
without
weight
steel housings.
for 60 cycle operation
stainless
the bath oil, minimizing
mal
areas.
cycle AC synchronous,
with
to the pump,
if the inlet sample
stirrers
1 hazardous
in light
temperature.
Cooling
and/or
pump,
is lapped
Heat Exchanger-The
when
are each contained
in 16 gauge
shaft extends
of 64 ml/minute
rates, the pump
measuring
D, Div.
v, 50/60
The motor
controls
spur gears.
Pump-A
ate flow
and electronic
steel
excessive
has reached
is set to open
the metering
relief
valve
pressure
operating
when
pump.
is placed
due to the
temperature,
the pressure
Viton
“0”
between
possible
clogging
exceeds
rings
the capillary
failure
tube inlet and pump
of the heaters,
of the system
starting
of the
or the use of an incorrect
115 psi (on most models),
are used which
occidental
inlet, to pro-
are capable
causing
capil-
the sample
of withstanding
fluid
tempera-
tures of 450°F.
Filters-The
screen filter
may
have
instrument
[optional]
formed
is provided
located
in the heat
with
at the capillary
exchanger
one Y strainer
inlet
to prevent
(see Figure
blocking
1) and one 60 mesh corrosion
of the capillary
tube
by particles
resistant
which
due to coking.
Page 3
The Y strainer
mesh stainless
Oil
is normally
Temperature
Controller.
the sensing
element.
Control-The
The controller
An electric
The Y strainer
oil bath
utilizes
heating
is temperature
a fast-acting
element
the bath
Temperature
medium
Controller,
controlled
(0.8 seconds
(tubular
type
to r!z.OO!X.
incorporating
of the desired
OTROL
by CI Hallikainen-Shell
response
immersion
time)
resistance
heater-1000
proportional
or 2000
for additional
temperature.
which
permits
temperature
A
ore
oil both
decade
selection
control
switch
of five
fixed
100,
122, 140, 180 and 21O’F., or any
other
available
of
on
points
set
(e.g.
combination
fixed
special
temperatures)
order
is
(photo
at
right).
I’
I
Sample
Fluid
ment-A
etched
is provided
It is inserted
Measure-
stem viscosity
to
fluid temperature
discharge.
Bath Box Lowered
Temperature
special
thermometer
sample
brochure
(photo
potentiometers
the desired
point
ISee separate
modes,
details.)
THERMOTROL,
at left) two ten-turn
used to adjust
and reset control
both temperature.
On the standard
Page 4
has cost steel body
with
100
THERMOTROL
thermometer
watt)
as
supplies
heat.
The THERMOTROL
controlling
so as to be self cleaning.
steel screen.
Bath Temperature
the necessary
installed
read
the
at the capillary
in the thermom-
eter and capillary
holder
so that
the bulb
of the thermometer
directly
above
the capillary
and positioned
is
tube.
Close-up
of Inner Parts
is capable
of
on the THERM-
1
VISCOSITY
MEASUREMENT
Absolute
viscosity
to the pressure
drop
of transmitters
are available
across the capillary
mitter
should
1.
tube.
be based
When
downstream
phere.
lar type
used.
the metering
on the following
transmitter
pressure
may
With
pump
the pressure
drop
trans-
considerations:
is measured;
to atmos-
are the more popu-
meclsure the pressure
back
the
pressure
drop
transmitters,
into the sample
line by
in the instrument.
107754
Model
2.
Chemical
ommended
Model
types
is discharged
differential
be pumped
Several
is used, only the pres-
transmitters
These transmitters
proportional
of a particular
side of the capillary
clcross the capillary.
the sample
to meawre
of the capillary
Differential
tube.
The selection
a pressure
side
is directly
clcross the capillary
sure on the upstream
Model
in centipoise
107757
quired
where
for
Seals
most
for
1077510
Transmitters-These
measurements,
the sample
is of a wax
ctre rec-
but definitely
or pitch
are
re-
base and/or
Page 5
would
have
a tendency
of chemical
system
seals is desired
contacts
and transmits
chemical
mitter.
to congeal
measurement
Of lesser importance,
space occupied
are used.
through
measuring
Steam tracing
of pressure
controlled
bath
the solidly
filled
element
but also of value,
by the sample
fluid
The use
of the sealed
in the temperature
seal to the pressure
of dead
lines.
since the diaphragm
the sample
the pressure
in the sample
in the trcmsis the reduction
when
chemical
lines to transmitters
seals
without
seals is available.
3.
electric
The transmitter
depending
4.
on customer
The range
range
of a single
poise.
The viscosity
output
and spon
capillary
range
tipoise
Model
1077757/7
or
determines
the
of the transmitter
viscosity
of o capillary
to minimum
o maximum
units
can vary
depending
range
Indicating
os listed
or non-indicating
or ceoti-
from
a mini-
on process
of o to 2500 ten-
in the following
transmitters
table.
107758
Model
Page 6
with
be pneumatic
at the bath temperature.
5.
plied
to infinity
may
preference.
in absolute
mum ratio of 1.09 (maximum
conditions)
signal
Model
1077Sl2
may
be sup-
?
r-
Viscometer
Model No.
Transmitter
Descriotion
output
Chemical
Sianal
S.4
1077
107754
1077%
107757
Taylor TRANSAIRE
Pneumatic
Y-3
*Ambient
to 240°F.
Yt?S
*Ambient
*Ambient
*Ambient
*Ambient
*Ambient
*Ambient
*Ambient
*Ambient
*Ambient
*Ambient
*Ambient
*Ambient
*Ambient
tAmbient
*Ambient
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
107757I7
1077S8
1077510
1077512
1077513
1077S20
1077522
1077S26
1251
1251S4
125lS20
1251525
Microsen Type 145-3
Taylor Type 226R
Foxboro Type 13A Two Foxboro 13A
Foxboro Type 631-l
Swartwout P2T/4
Foxboro Tvoe 613
Swortwout D2T
Honeywell 30310
Taylor 213TD
Honeywell 29211
Taylor Type 206
Honeywell 30210
Taylor 225TN
Honeywell 738Nl-Cl
Electric
Pneumatic - Pneumatic
-
Pneumatic
Electric
Electric
Electric
Electric
Electric
Pneumatic
Electric
Pneumatic
Electric
Pneumatic
Pneumatic
-
Yes
No .NO
Ye5
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
YS?S
Yl?S
Yes
Yes
Oil Bath
Temtx Range
-
Transmitter
PXSSUVS
240°F.
PreSSUre
240°F.
Pressure
24O’F. Diff. Pressure
240°F. __Diff. Pressure
240°F.
Pressure
240°F.
Pressure
240°F.
Diff. Pressure
24(1°F. Diff. Pressure
240°F. Diff. Pressure
240°F.
Diff. Pressure
Diff. Pressure
240°F.
Diff.
Pressure
240°F.
PreSSJre
240°F.
350°F. Diff. Preswre
240-F.
Prf%XJre
*Maximum Oil Bath Temperature may be increased to 300°F. by change in certain components.
tWith transmitter specified and other modifications,
units have been used to 350°F.
Model
1251525
Model
1251
Page 7
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
Viscosity
Range-O
to 2500 Centipoise at bath temperatvre
[or fraction thereof depending
on transmitter
range and span).
Accuron/-1
% or better.
Flow Rated+.
ml/minute
(approx.
1 gal/hrl
for 60 cycle power
supply. 50 ml. per minute for 50 cycle.
Response Time-l.4
minutes (.B min. dead time and .6 min. time
cc&ant).
Special versions to as low as 15 second response
time on special order.
Inlet Pressure Limitations-5
to 500 psig.
Inlet Temperature
Limitations-Dependent
on bath temperature
may require external cooler.
Materials
of Construction-All
metal parts in contact with the sample are stainless steel except filter body.
Oil Bath Capacity-Model
1077 _ 2% gallons
Model 1251 - 5 gallons.
Filter Ratings-External
Y strainer with loo-mesh
screen
Capillary
Filter - 60 mesh screen (optional).
Sample Inlet Connection--‘/,”
FPT
Sample Outlet
Connection--On
Models
1077, 1077S4,
1077S6,
1077S8, 1077S10, 125154 and 125 1S25-outlet
connection
is 1” FPT. All others are %” FPT.
UTILITIES
Electrical-Model
1077 - 115 or 230 volt (select one), ‘50/60-cycle,
1400 watts maximum.
Model 1251 - 115 or 230 volt (select one) 50/60 cycle, 1400
or 2400 watts depending
on the bath operating temperature.
These figures exclude power requirements
of electrical transmitters, some of which require their own power supplies.
Connections
are for ‘/z” conduit.
Air-A
20 prig clean instrument
air supply is required on those
transmitters
providing
pneumatic output signal.
Connections
are ‘A” FPT.
Cooling
Water-Requirements
depend
on operating
conditions.
Connections
are I/,” FPT. Pressure regulation
desirable.
I/>
gallon per minute maximum.
DIMENSIONS
Model
1077-[Approximate)
18” wide
(Height depends on transmitter)
1251-[Approximate)
18” wide
(Height depends
on transmitter)
Model
x 32”
long
x 57”
high
x 45”
long
x 56”
high
WEIGHT
Model
1077-N&
weight
prox. 450 Ibs.
Model 1251-Net
might
prox. 550 Ibs.
STANDARD
Exploded
view
capillary
and
thermometer
holder
for differential
pressure transmitter
instruments,
showing capillary,
capillary filter screen
and thermometer.
opprox.
365 Ibs.
Shipping
weight
ap-
approx.
450 Ibs.
Shipping
weight
ap-
EQUIPMENT
Viscometer
complete
with transmitter
as specified
model number.
Filter for external
mounting.
One capillary
tube.
One special etched stem viscosity thermometer.
by the
BATH MEDIUM
Bath medium is not included as standard equipment,
but can
be supplied
at extra charge.
Recommended
fluid is a medicinal
type oil with low viscosity
fbelow 25 csk at 100°F.) and a flash point above the maximum
operating temperature,
or cI similar low viscosity silicone oil.
Exploded
view
capillary
and
thermometer
holder
for pressure transmitter instruments,
showing capillary,
capillary
filter screen
and themometer.
9