Philae : A made to
measure battery
Richard Hague
ESTEC AIM Workshop 22/23 Feb 2016
Agenda
2
1
SAFT’s Space Heritage
2
Philae
3
ExoMars Rover
AIM
presnetation
Saft proprietary information – Confidential
1
3
AIM 22/02
SAFT’S SPACE
HERITAGE
Saft proprietary information – Confidential
Space
Satellites
163 satellites in-orbit with Li-ion (GEO, MEO &
LEO): 125 operational
–
More than 470 millions of cell.hours with no failure
or deviation
–
Total over 2.1 MWh in-orbit
–
More than 316 batteries and 15,000 cells in-orbit
110 GEO satellites launched today with VES technology
–
W3A launched close to 11 years ago : 14th March 2004 with
VES140
–
OPTUS-D3 launched 21st Aug 2009 with VES180 , and
currently 21 satellites with VES180
–
Last launches: Express AMU1, Inmarsat 5, Mexat 2, ARSAT 2,
GSAT16, APSTAR 9
5 MEO satellites flying with VES technology:
– Giove-B flying since April 08
Saft Satellite battery solutions
LEO/MEO & SMALL GEO
GEO
VES16 cell
VES180 cell
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒
‒ 18 years in orbit
‒ Up to 80% DOD
12 years in orbit
60,000 cycles
Up to 30% DOD
140 Wh/kg
4.5 Ah
115 g
8S4P VES16
‒ 155 Wh/kg
‒ 45 Ah
‒ 1.05 kg
4P13S VES180 with
ISIS
– 4 Galileo IOV launched in Nov 2011 with VES180
48 LEO satellites are in-orbit with VES or MPS Li-ion technology
–
1 with VES16: Teleos-1
–
5 with VES technology: Calipso, Corot, Jason, SMOS, SRE1,
Kompsat 3 (with ISIS electronic), Gokturc2
–
42 with MPS technology: Agile, SSETI, Proba-2, NanoSat-1B,
CanX-2, NTS, OG2, Techdemosat
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Iridium constellation
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Airbus EUROSTAR
Space
Launchers
Onboard Ariane launcher since first launch in
1979, with Ag-Zn and Ni-Cd technology
Saft launcher battery solutions
Ariane 5 ECA
–
Total of 227 launches since Ariane 1 without
failure nor deviation (at battery level)
–
Ariane 5 ECA equipped with Ag-Zn and Ni-Cd
technology
Onboard VEGA launcher with Li-ion
technology
–
4 launches
–
Energy and Power li-ion batteries for Avionics,
telemetry and TVC
–
Ni-Cd for safeguard
VEGA
Avionics - AgZn
Avionics – Li-ion
Cryogenic pumps - AgZn
Telemetry – Li-ion
Safeguard - NiCd
TVC – Li-ion
Onboard SOYUZ for Kourou launcher with Ni-Cd
technology
– 10 launches
–
Ni-Cd for safeguard
Development of new generation of launcher batteries
with Li-primary technologies
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AIM 22/02
Saft proprietary information – Confidential
2
6
AIM 22/02
PHILAE
A MADE TO MEASURE
BATTERY
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An ambitious and complex mission
• 1st Challenge : To comply to the mass and dimensional requirements.
• 2nd Challenge : Withstand the mechanical and thermal conditions of the
launch.
• 3rd Challenge : The 10 year cruise phase.
• 4th Challenge : The wake-up stage.
• 5th Challenge : The mission
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AIM 22/02
Saft proprietary information – Confidential
An off the shelf cell : LSH20
– A
very energetic cell, designed
applications and environments. 13Ah
for
demanding
– The selection for the flight involved a number of tests,
defined and realised with the participation of CNES.
– The mechanical resistance of the cell was improved
during this program.
– A number of cells and batteries were stored at SAFT in the
same temperature conditions of the mission.
– Periodical discharges were done to give an idea of the
batteries expected
utilisation.
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AIM 22/02
performance
and
Saft proprietary information – Confidential
anticipated
A made to measure battery
•
Mass: 3.0kg
•
Volume (mm): W=110, L=150, H=215
•
8S4P configuration
•
Capacity: 28 Ah
•
Voltage: 26 V
•
Operating temperature: +10 to +30°C
•
Discharge : 3A, 7 hours
•
The battery should deliver 60 hours of
autonomy for the mission on the
comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko by
generating the required energy for:
o The scientifique instruments
o Communication transmissions
Installation in Philae (July
2003)
o Data transfer
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AIM 22/02
Saft proprietary information – Confidential
Two years of study, manufacturing and tests.
– In all, ten models were manufactured from
the mechanical to flight model.
– Computer models were used to simulate the
electrical,
mechanical
characteristics.
and
thermal
– The qualification of the flight model was
validated by the number of tests defined and
realised with the partnership of CNES .
– The concept of the battery was done to
minimise the mass and
completion of the mission.
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AIM 22/02
to
ensure
the
Saft proprietary information – Confidential
60 hours of hard work
– The 12 November 2014 Philae touches down on the comet.
– After three rebounds it finds itself under a cliff.
– The duration of the discharge of the flight battery was above the 60
hours predicted.
– The primary LSH20 battery allowed to do all of the planned
experiments as per the initial plan (apart from the drilling due to the
position of the probe).
Conclusion
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AIM 22/02
Saft proprietary information – Confidential
Going forward – Mascot - 1.
– Same philosophy as Philae
– Same challenges as regards to the requirements
– Building on the success of the Philae battery
– 3S3P LSH20 configuration
– FM Launched on Hayabusa 2 in December 2014 from Japan.
– Battery wake-up in July 2018 when it arrives to asteroid 1999 JU3.
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AIM 22/02
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3
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EXOMARS ROVER
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ExoMars - The mission
Stevenage, UK
The objective of the ExoMars Program is to search for evidence of current or extinct life
on the red planet as part of a branch of science called exobiology.
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AIM 22/02
Saft proprietary information – Confidential
The same philosophy - off the shelf cell & made to measure
battery
– The ExoMars Rover battery system is based
on Saft’s MP 176065 Integration XTD cells.
– A key advantage of these Li-ion cells is
their compact, lightweight design that
minimizes the overall battery mass, so that
more of the mission payload can be
utilized for scientific instrumentation.
– Furthermore, the cells have been
developed to deliver high performance in
demanding operating conditions, even
when subject to extreme fluctuations in
temperature from -40 ˚C to +85 ˚C.
– Saft is scheduled to deliver the battery
system before the end of 2016 to meet
ESA’s launch plans for 2018…..
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AIM 22/02
Saft proprietary information – Confidential
The same philosophy - off the shelf cell & made to measure
battery
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Electrical characteristics
MP 176065 xtd
Nominal capacity at C/5, +25°C
Nominal voltage
Nominal energy
Electrochemistry
Physical characteristics
Length
Width
Height
Charge conditions
Charge method
End of charge voltage
Charge temperature
Max continuous charge current
Discharge conditions
Discharge cut-off voltage
Discharge temperature
Max. continuous discharge rate
5.6 Ah
3.7 V
20.7 Wh
Specific Li-ion
AIM 22/02
60.5 mm
18.6 mm
68.7 mm
CC/CV
4.2 V
-40°C / +85°C
1C rate
2.7 V
-40°C / +85°C
2C rate
Saft proprietary information – Confidential
The same philosophy - off the shelf cell & made to measure
battery
– Extremely Mass critical – late to the party
– High temperature during AIT 50°C
– & cruise phase 40°C with cycling (140)
– Mission - Low temperature operation down to -20°C during the night.
– Minimum 218 sols (cycles)
– Planetary Protection requirements.
– 7S8P configuration
– Power (nominal) : 1142Wh
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AIM 22/02
Saft proprietary information – Confidential
Thank you for your attention
Any questions?
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18
Presentation
title
Saft proprietary information – Confidential