Sheffield City Council
Health and Safety
in the Workplace
2013
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32
Health and Safety in the Workplace
SHEFFIELD CITY COUNCIL
Health and Safety Enforcement Team
1
Contents
Foreword .......................................................................................................... 4
Introduction ..................................................................................................... 5
Health and Safety Requirements & Legislation
Health and Safety Laws ................................................................................... 8
Health and Safety Inspectors ....................................................................... 10
Enforcement Policy ........................................................................................ 11
Managing Safety ............................................................................................ 12
Safety Policy .................................................................................................. 13
Risk Assessments .......................................................................................... 14
Safe Working Procedures .............................................................................. 17
Training and Information ................................................................................ 18
Reporting Accidents ..................................................................................... 21
In the Workplace
First Aid .......................................................................................................... 24
The Workplace ............................................................................................... 26
Slips and Trips .............................................................................................. 28
Work at Height .............................................................................................. 31
Workplace Transport ..................................................................................... 33
Work Equipment ............................................................................................ 35
The Beauty Industry
Introduction .................................................................................................... 38
Skin Piercing .................................................................................................. 39
Sunbeds ........................................................................................................ 40
Fish Foot Spa’s .............................................................................................. 41
Hairdressing .................................................................................................. 42
Lasers ........................................................................................................... 44
2
The Safety of your Employees
Electricity........................................................................................................ 46
Gas ................................................................................................................ 48
Lifting and Handling ..................................................................................... 50
Working with Display Screen Equipment (including VDU’s) ......................... 53
Hazardous Substances ................................................................................. 54
Asbestos ....................................................................................................... 56
Legionnaires’ Disease ................................................................................... 59
Protective Clothing and Equipment .............................................................. 60
Construction Regulations .............................................................................. 61
Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmosphere Regulations ................. 62
Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order .......................................................... 63
Smokefree Legislation ................................................................................... 66
The Welfare of your Employees
Noise at Work ................................................................................................ 70
Violence at Work ............................................................................................ 70
Work Related Stress ...................................................................................... 71
Controls on Working Time ............................................................................. 72
Getting More Help ........................................................................................ 73
The Enforcing Authorities and Contact Details ............................................. 74
Reader’s Survey ............................................................................................. 75
3
Foreword
Welcome to the 2013 edition of Sheffield City Council’s health and safety
handbook.
Sheffield City Council is committed to working with businesses to achieve
healthy and safe workplaces for people who work in or visit businesses in the
Sheffield area.
The need for safety awareness in business cannot be over emphasised.
Key annual figures 2010/11
1.2 million working people were suffering from a work-related illness.
171 workers killed at work.
115 000 injuries were reported under RIDDOR.
200 000 reportable injuries (over 3 day absence) occurred
26.4 million working days were lost due to work-related illness
and workplace injury.
Workplace injuries and ill health (excluding cancer) cost society an estimated
£14 billion (in 2009/10)
The cost of accidents is immense both in personal terms (pain, suffering and
loss of earnings) and the cost to business (staff absences, damage,
increased insurance premiums and health and safety fines).
I hope that you find this advisory booklet useful as a quick available source of
practical advice on health and safety legislation.
Shiva Prasad
Principal Officer, Sheffield City Council
November 2012
Disclaimer
Sheffield City Council thanks all advertisers for their support. The inclusion of advertisements
does not imply that the Council endorses any of the advertised companies or their products or
accepts any liability for any product or service provided.
4
Introduction
This handbook has been produced to assist employers and the self-employed
comply with health and safety legislation. The health and safety enforcement
team is particularly aware that small businesses often need assistance in
respect of advice on health and safety.
This handbook is intended to be a useful guide with references providing
additional information to allow your company to review current health and
safety arrangements and so help prevent avoidable accidents and ill health.
If you require further advice or assistance please contact us at:
Sheffield City Council,
Health Protection Service,
2-10 Carbrook Hall Road,
Sheffield S9 2DB.
Tel
Fax
E-mail
0114 273 5774
0114 273 6464
healthprotection@sheffield.gov.uk
5
6
a short guide to .....
Health and Safety
Requirements & Legislation
7
Health and Safety Laws
The Health and Safety at Work etc
Act 1974 applies to all workplaces
whatever their size or business and
to everyone at work or affected by
work activities.
The Act requires employers to
ensure, so far as is reasonably
practicable the health, safety and
welfare of their employees and
anyone else who may be affected by
their work (subcontractors and the
public for instance)
In practical terms employers must
make sure that:◆ The workplace is safe and
without risks to health
◆ Dust, fumes and noise are kept
under control
◆ Plant and machinery are safe
and meet the standards set
◆ Safe systems of work are set and
followed
◆ Articles and substances are
moved, stored and used safely
◆ Employees have healthy working
conditions including adequate
lighting, heating, ventilation, toilet
facilities etc
8
◆ Employees are provided with
training, information, instruction
and supervision necessary to
ensure health and safety
Under The Act, employees must also
take reasonable care of their own
safety, and anyone else affected by
their activities. The self employed
have similar duties. Responsibility is
also given to manufacturers,
suppliers and importers of products
for use at work, to ensure that they
are safe to use.
More detailed information on health
and safety at work is provided
throughout the handbook under the
appropriate headings.
The Act is supported by additional
Regulations, Codes of Practice and
Guidance relating to a whole range
of activities and specific hazards,
some of which are referred to in this
booklet.
Further Reading
Successful health and safety management. Published 1997 ISBN: 9780717612765
Series code: HSG65 Price: £12.50
HSC 13 Health and Safety Regulations (A short guide) Free. This is a web friendly version of
leaflet.
Translated material available through HSE website:
C3750 Bengali (free) Translation.
C3750 Gujarati (free) Translation
C3750 Hindi (free) Translation
C3750 Punjabi (free) Translation
C3750 Urdu (free) Translation
C3750 Chinese (Mandarin) (free) Translation
6
9
Health and Safety Inspectors
Health and safety laws in Sheffield
are enforced by an Inspector from
Sheffield City Council or the Health
and Safety Executive. See ‘Getting
More Help’ to find out which is your
enforcing authority.
before letting them in. The Inspector
will treat you courteously and fairly.
Normally their duties are carried out
informally and with the co-operation
of employers. If there is a serious
problem, Inspectors may issue
notices requiring you to make
improvements within a fixed period
of time. They may also issue notices
to stop a process or the use of
dangerous equipment if there is a
risk of serious injury to people.
The enforcing authorities do more
than just enforce the law. Much of
their activities involve giving advice
to people to help them meet the
legal standards.
Inspectors do have a wide range of
powers, which include right of entry
to your premises, the right to talk to
your employees and make
investigations. They have the right to
take photographs and make copies
of documents. They also have the
right to take away equipment for
examination or as evidence.
If you receive a notice you have the
right to appeal to an Employment
Tribunal. Inspectors do have powers
to prosecute a business or individual
for breaking health and safety laws
but this would normally only be
considered as a last resort or where
the offence is serious. They will take
into account your attitude and safety
record.
Inspectors may visit your business
without prior notice but you are
entitled to see their identification
Fines for Health and Safety offences
can be up to £20,000 per offence,
on conviction in the Magistrates
Court or unlimited in the Crown
Court.
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INSPECTION LTD
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Tel: 0845 199 2253
Mobile 07976 653981
Fax 01709 562536
Email: seniorinspection@aol.com
4 Watson Close, Kimberworth, Rotherham. S61 1JH
3
10
Enforcement Policy
Both the Health and Safety Executive
and local authorities have health and
safety enforcement policies to
ensure that enforcement action taken
is clear and easily understood,
consistent, proportional to the risk
and suitably targeted,
Complaint Against the
Service
If you are not satisfied with the way
you have been treated you can take
the matter up with the Inspector or
the Inspector’s Manager, whose
name is on all letters.
A copy of Sheffield City Council
Health Protection Service
enforcement policy can be obtained
by contacting the service (full
address on page 74).
Further Reading
HSC 14 What to expect when a Health and Safety Inspector calls
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/hsc14.htm. Free pdf.
11
Managing Safety
Management control of health and
safety is an essential part of any
business whether it is a large or
small concern. Workplace safety
must be managed in just the same
way as personnel and sales for
example. There must be a
commitment to health and safety
from owners, directors and senior
management of businesses, if
organisations are to be successful in
the control and improvement of
health and safety.
To assist with this process all
employers must obtain health and
safety advice from a competent
person who has sufficient practical
12
and theoretical knowledge of health
and safety. Preferably this individual
should be employed with the
company or organisation concerned,
or a specialist external adviser or
consultant can be contacted for this
purpose instead.
The following sections on safety
policy, risk assessments, safe
working procedures and training
and information provides essential
information on measures that a
business needs to take to manage
safety effectively.
Safety Policy
“If you have five or more employees
you must have a written safety policy.
A safety policy is a working
document which helps to clarify
responsibilities for safety, formalise
procedures (such as accident
notification) and communicate
company policy and rules to staff. As
such it is the starting point of all
proper safety management.
Your safety policy must be reviewed
regularly to ensure it is still up to
date, actively brought to the attention
of all staff, signed and dated by
senior company management.
Policies should include the following
items as a minimum:
◆ A brief statement of the
company’s commitment to health
and safety
◆ Details of the company
organisation for dealing with
safety including people and their
responsibilities, and any
committees or working groups
◆ Details of particular hazards in
the workplace and precautions to
be taken, safety rules, accident
reporting, fire and first aid
procedures for example
Further Reading
INDG 259 An Introduction to Health and Safety – Health and Safety in small businesses
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg259.pdf FREE: pdf
13
Risk Assessments
Under the Management of Health
and Safety at Work Regulations
1999; the employer must assess the
risks in the workplace affecting both
employees and non employees. The
self-employed are also required to
assess the risks to their own safety.
The risk assessment should
systematically identify the hazards
(something which has the potential
to cause harm) connected with the
various work activities. The
associated risk of harm occurring,
following existing control procedures
can then be evaluated. Where
necessary, in order to ensure
compliance with current health and
safety legislation further controls
should be implemented.
When undertaking the risk
assessment it is important to
consider groups or individual
workers who may be particularly at
risk. The Management of Health and
Safety at Work Regulations
specifically identifies young persons
(under 18) and new or expectant
mothers as vulnerable groups.
The assessment of the risks to the
health and safety of young persons
must take account their
inexperience, lack of awareness of
existing or potential risks and
immaturity.
14
How to do an Assessment
The first step is to look for the
hazards in your business. You may
think that there are no hazards in
your workplace but if you step back
and think about what you do, or take
a walk around the business, you may
see a number of hazards.
A hazard means anything that can
cause harm (e.g. chemicals,
electricity, working on ladders etc.)
The next step is to think about what
the risk is from the hazards you have
seen, and who could be injured or
made ill by the hazards.
Risk is the chance, great or small,
that someone will be harmed by a
hazard.
Next, think about what you need to
do to prevent people being harmed
and decide whether or not you are
doing enough. You can use the
information in this booklet as a guide
to the standards that you should be
meeting, or use the booklets referred
to at the end of each chapter. See
also “Getting More Help”.
If you find something needs to be
done to prevent harm you should
give priority to the risks which are
most serious. You should try to
remove the hazard completely but if
this is not possible you should find
out how to control the risks so that
harm is unlikely.
Telling People about the
Assessment
You must tell your employees about
the risks to their health and safety
and the measures that you have
devised to control the risks. They
must also be trained and supervised
in the use of any safety devices or
personal protective equipment. If
you share your workplace tell the
other employers or self-employed
people of the harm your work could
cause them.
Record the Findings
If you have fewer than five
employees you do not need to write
anything down but if you have five or
more employees you must record
the findings of the assessment.
There is an example of part of an
assessment which you may find
useful on the following pages of this
guide but, by all means, produce
one in your own form if it suits you
better. The assessment record
should be kept for future use. It can
help you if an Inspector calls or if
you become involved in an action for
civil liability.
Reviewing the Assessment
Things will change with time and you
will need to consider whether or not
the changes create more risks. If
there are substantial changes you
should repeat the assessment for the
changes and record the fact that
you have done this. Remember – the
aim of assessment is not to carry
out a complex analysis but to make
decisions about what needs to be
done to make things safe and
healthy. Simple risks can usually be
dealt with simply and quickly.
The Health and Safety Executive
have produced example risk
assessments that you can use for
additional guidance. These can be
found at www.hse.gov.uk/risk/case
studies
Further Reading
INDG 163 5 Steps to Risk Assessment
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg163.pdf - FREE: pdf
15
16
Staff and customers
may get eye or skin
irritation
Hairdressing
products and
chemicals
All products eg
bleaches, colouring,
perm solutions,
sterilising liquid,
cleaning chemiclas
(see below for specific
addtional precautions)
Oxidative colourants
Hydrogen peroxide
(developer/
neutraliser)
Staff and customers
may get eye or skin
irritation. Low
likelihood of serious
allergic reaction.
Staff and customers
may get eye or skin
irritation
Staff and cusomers
may get eye, skin or
breathing irritation or
allergy
Staff may suffer from
dermatitis, increased
sensitivity, severely
dry skin.
Wet hand work,
eg washing hair,
working with wet hair
Lightening (bleach)
product
Who might be
harmed & how?
What are the
hazards?
allergy to colour and any damage to scalp.
If yes, hair is not coloured unless the
client has got doctor’s advice.
■ Staff check with customers for history of
concentrations. Stored away from light,
heat and other products.
■ Staff trained to use recommended
■ Only purchasing non-dusty bleaches
single-use towels.
■ Clients must be well-protected with
■ Salon and stockroom well ventilated.
and using product, and when washing up
bowls etc.
■ Staff wear non-latex gloves when mixing
supplier information sheets.
■ Staff check and follow instructions on
staff.
■ Non-perfumed hand cream is provided for
thoroughly and moisturise between wet
jobs.
■ Staff are trained to dry their hands
them.
■ Non-latex gloves are provided if staff want
manufacturers’ instructions 48 hours
before treatment
■ Staff to perform skin allergy tests as per
■ None
problems every 3 months
■ Owner will check with staff for skin/allergy
■ No chemicals to be stored above eye level
discomfort.
■ Staff always to check with customers for
splashing incidents
■ Owner to buy eye baths in case of
www.hse.gov.uk/hairdressing/ and
www. habia. org/
■ Owner will look at
jewellery at beginning of shift.
■ Staff will be asked to remove hand
all staff.
■ Owner will get different size gloves, to fit
■ Staff will wear gloves for all wet work.
What further action is necessary?
Date of Assessment: 1/11/12
What are you already doing?
Company Name: Smith’s Hair Salon
RISK ASSESSMENT EXAMPLE
Manager &
Staff
Owner
Staff
Staff
Owner
Owner & staff
Owner & staff
31/5/07
1/8/07 and
then every
3 months
31/7/07
31/7/07
31/7/07
15/7/07
15/7/07
15/7/07
15/7/07
Owner & staff
Owner & staff
Action
by When
Action
by Whom
25/5/12
1/8/12
15/7/12
25/7/12
25/7/12
11/7/12
11/7/12
11/7/12
11/7/12
Done
Safe Working Procedures
Having clear procedures helps to
get things right and make sure work
is done safely. The need for safe
procedures can be identified when
you do your risk assessment.
If you can’t answer yes to the five
points listed the job probably won’t
be done safely.
◆ Routine work including cleaning
◆ Maintenance work
◆ Emergencies such as fire or
spillages
Think about: ◆ Have safety procedures been
worked out for the job?
◆ Are the equipment and tools right
for the job?
◆ Do workers know about the
safety procedures?
◆ Are the workers competent to
carry them out?
◆ Do workers know what to do if
something goes wrong?
17
Training and Information
Employees must have enough
information and training on their
work. You must:
◆ Tell employees about the hazards
and how to avoid them
◆ Give specialist training in some
jobs
◆ Carry out refresher training when
necessary
It is useful to keep records of the
training you have given
◆ Display the poster ‘Health and
Safety Law, What You Should
Know’. Alternatively a leaflet of
the same name may be given to
each employee
◆ The Employers’ Liability
Insurance Certificate must be
displayed by employers
Various accredited training providers
deliver health and safety training to
nationally recognised standards and
SENSIBLE AND AFFORDABLE
HEALTH & SAFETY SOLUTIONS
▶ Risk Assessment
▶ Health and Safety Training
▶ Health and Safety Audit Training
▶ IOSH, NEBOSH, COSHH
▶ CPC training for LGC-PCV
▶ JAUPT Training Providers
▶ All types of First Aid Courses
▶ Food Safety Courses
▶ CHAS accredited Contractors
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18
are certified by the Chartered
Institute of Environmental Health
(CIEH) and the Institute of
Occupational Safety and Health
(IOSH). Details of these providers
can be found on the following web
sites:
www.cieh.org
www.iosh.co.uk
Case Study –
Floor collapse at
entertainment venue
In September 2011, a section of
timber flooring and chimney breast
collapsed into a cellar area at a
depth of over 2m in a rear adjoining
outbuilding of a pub located in
Sheffield. Several people fell into the
basement and amazingly only four
people were taken to hospital with
relatively minor injuries. Considering
the circumstances, the injuries could
have been potentially serious or even
fatal.
The outbuilding was being used for
an event in an un-licensed area of
the building, during which live bands
were performing to occupancy levels
between 50 to 100 people. The room
within the outbuilding was not
assessed for the suitability of this
type of event.
Further investigation by a specialist
structural engineer showed that
many of the joists had significant
decay, evidence of insect attack,
assessments in connection with
activities undertaken.
Consultation
Photograph showing the collapsed floor.
and unsupported joists which would
have been apparent in any
competent structural survey.
The company was fined over £4,000
for breaches under Regulation 3 of
the Management of Health and
Safety at Work Regulations 1999.
It is important for business’s to
undertake suitable and sufficient risk
Consultation with employees can
often prove invaluable in improving
health and safety standards as their
knowledge and co-operation are
vital. In unionised workplaces staff
are legally entitled to appoint safety
representatives and safety
committees to discuss health and
safety matters with their employer.
Safety representatives are entitled to
carry out safety inspections and
investigations. Under the Health and
Safety(Consultation with Employees)
Regulations 1996 all employees not
in groups covered by trade union
safety representatives must be
consulted by their employers on
matters to do with their health and
safety at work including:-
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19
◆ Any change which may
substantially affect their health
and safety at work
The checklist below outlines some of
the necessary safeguards when
dealing with contractors
◆ The employers arrangements for
getting competent people to help
him/her to achieve compliance
with health and safety legislation
◆ Choose contractors that are
competent and reliable
◆ The planning of health and safety
training and the information that
employees must be given on the
likely risks from their work and
the measures to reduce or
eliminate these risks
Contractors
Exchange information with the
contractor on the risks identified in
the workplace. The contractor is also
obliged to provide similar information
concerning any risks they are likely
to introduce and the preventative
measures identified.
◆ Require contractors, preferably in
writing, to comply with all relevant
statutory health and safety
requirements
◆ Obtain a copy of the contractors
safety policy (if the company is
large enough to require one) and
satisfy yourself as far as you are
able that it is adequate
◆ Assign responsibility for the
contractor to a supervising
officer for the duration of their
time on site so that the necessary
safety checks and management
supervision can be made
◆ Consider restricting the
contractor to certain areas of the
premises.
Further Reading:
INDG 345 Health and safety training – What you need to know (free)
A leading provider for Health & Safety Consultancy and Training Services throughout the UK
20
Reporting Accidents
All injuries should be recorded in the
company accident book. In addition,
the Reporting of Injuries, Diseases
and Dangerous Occurrences
Regulations 1995 require some
events to be reported to the
enforcing authority.
The following events must be
reported to the ICC as quickly as
possible, and then confirmed in
writing using the appropriate form
(F2508) within 15 days:
If injuries do happen you should
have clear procedures for providing
first aid, getting assistance,
investigating and reporting the
accident to the authorities where
appropriate (see below)
(b) A dangerous occurrence eg
collapse of a lift
Proper accident investigation can
prevent similar injuries and should
be carried out straight away.
In addition to the above, employers
need to inform the enforcing
authority in writing within 15 days of:
Reporting Accidents
(a) An accident at work resulting in a
person being off work for more
than 7 days
Certain accidents, illnesses or
dangerous occurrences must be
reported to the enforcing authority.
See ‘Getting More Help’ for details of
these authorities.
This should be done via the Incident
Contact Centre (ICC).
This system allows you to report all
cases to a single point, the ICC
based at Caerphilly. The Centre
means that you no longer need to be
concerned about which office and
which enforcing authority you should
report to.
You can report incidents in a variety
of ways, by telephone, fax, via the
internet or by post.
(a) A death or specified major injury
to an employee
(c) An injury at a work premises to a
member of the public resulting in
that person being taken to
hospital
(b) A specified occupational disease
certified by a doctor resulting
from work
Please send postal reports to the
following address:
Incident Contact Centre,
Caerphilly Business Park
Caerphilly, CF83 3GG
For Internet reports please go to:
http://www.hse.gov.uk/riddor/report.htm
By telephone: 0845 300 9923
By fax: 0845 300 9924
By e-mail: riddor@natbrit.com
21
22
Telephone
Reporting out of hours
All incidents can be reported online
but a telephone service remains for
reporting fatal and major injuries
only – call the Incident Contact
Centre on 0845 300 9923 (opening
hours Monday to Friday 8.30 am to 5
pm).
The HSE and local authority
enforcement officers are not an
emergency service.
More information on when, and how,
to report very serious or dangerous
incidents, can be found by visiting
the HSE out of hours web page. If
you want to report less serious
incidents out of normal working
hours, you can always complete an
online form.
a short guide to .....
In the
Workplace
23
First Aid
All businesses must make adequate
arrangements for first aid treatment
under the Health and Safety (First
Aid) Regulations 1981. The level of
provision required is determined by
the number of employees, the
location of the workplace (whether it
is remote or close to proper medical
facilities) and the potential gravity of
the hazards likely to be encountered.
A low hazard workplace such as a
bank or library should normally
provide at least one trained first
aider for every 50 employees; a
more hazardous environment would
require more. First aiders must hold
a valid first aid certificate issued by
a HSE approved first aid training
organisation.
In a small low hazard workplace it
may be sufficient to provide an
“appointed person” instead of a first
aider. An appointed person is
someone who is authorised to take
charge of the situation in the event
of an accident and to take
responsibility for the first aid
equipment.
First aid boxes and kits must be kept
adequately stocked with approved
contents but should not contain
medication of any kind. A notice
should be displayed to clearly
indicate the location of the first aid
boxes and the names of the first
aiders or appointed persons.
Committed To Providing Quality Training @ Quality Prices
The Health & Safety First Aid Regulations
1981 requires employers to provide
adequate First Aid provision to ensure their
employees receive immediate attention if
they are injured or become ill at work.
To allow companies to comply we provide the
following Health & Safety approved courses
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2 Day Paediatric (Early Years & Ofsted Approved Course)
CPR & AED Training
◗ Basic Life Support
Manual Handling
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Further reading:
HSE 31 RIDDOR Explained – For more information on RIDDOR, please see:
http://www.hse.gov.uk/riddor/index.htm
A guide to the Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations
1995 Published 2012 ISBN: 9780717664597 Series code: L73 Price: £17.50
INDG 214 First aid at work – your questions answered. Published 2009
ISBN: 9780717663729 Series code: INDG214REV1 Price: £5.00 for a pack of 15
Dowload a free copy
INDG 347 Basic advice on first aid at work INDG347 Published 2011 ISBN: 9780717664351
Series code: INDG347REV2 Price: £5.00 for a pack of 20 Download a free copy
HSG 245 Investigating accidents and incidents: A workbook for employers, unions,
safety representatives and safety professionals. Published 2004 ISBN: 9780717628278
Series code: HSG245 Price: £9.50 Buy or download free
25
The Workplace
The following standards apply when
you have employees.
16°C where people sit at their work.
Where work involves physical effort
the temperature can be lower at
13°C but no lower. Where low
temperatures are necessary (a cold
store for example) workers should
be provided with protective clothing
and have access to heated rest
rooms where necessary.
Toilets and washing facilities
Provide enough toilets and wash
basins for staff. Keep the facilities
clean, well lit, ventilated and in good
working order. Provide enough hot
and cold (or warm) running water,
soap and towels (or electric dryers)
at the wash basins. The minimum
numbers of facilities are shown in
the table.
In summer you should ensure that
the workplace does not become
excessively hot. A thermometer must
be provided to enable the
temperature to be checked by
employees.
Drinking Water
Provide a clearly marked supply of
drinking water. The supply must be
accessible to employees and should
not be in sanitary accommodation,
so far as is practicable.
Ventilation
Provide adequate ventilation to all
areas where people work.
Fresh air should come from a
location which is not
contaminated with fumes or dust.
Temperature of Workrooms
The temperature of workrooms
should be comfortable. Keep the
temperature up to a minimum of
Minimum number of toilets and washing facilities:
26
Number of people at work
Number of water closets
Number of wash basins
1 to 5
1
1
6 to 25
2
2
26 to 50
3
3
51 to 75
4
4
76 to 100
5
5
Lighting
Clothing
Make sure that there is enough
natural or artificial light to make your
workplace and work activities safe.
Avoid lights which are too bright or
cause glare and make sure lights
are in suitable positions.
Provide lockers or hanging places to
enable workers’ own clothes to be
stored and where necessary, dried.
Floors and gangways
Workrooms must have enough
space to enable people to move
about and do their work in comfort.
As a minimum each person must
have 11 cubic metres of space in
the workroom.
Slips and trips are very common
types of accident within all
industries. Risk assessments should
be carried out to identify and control
all slip and trip hazards. Hazard
checklists are available to assist in
identifying the sorts of things that
can go wrong. (See Slips and Trips
on the next page).
Workstations
Stairs
Provide enough space and a
suitable layout to workstations to
enable work to be performed safely.
Where work can be done seated,
provide a suitable seat and, if
necessary a footrest.
Keep stairs clear and in good repair.
Make sure that staircases have a
suitable balustrade and a handrail.
Staircases which are wide, or heavily
used may need more than one
handrail.
Room Size and Space
Further reading:
INDG 244 Workplace Safety Welfare Regulations
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg244.pdf - FREE pdf.
"Workplace Health, Safety and Welfare, a sort guide for managers"
L24 Workplace health, safety and welfare. Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare)
Regulations 1992. Approved Code of Practice. Published 1992 ISBN: 9780717604135
Series code: L24 Price: £5.75
INDG 293
INDG 173
INDG 225
FREE pdf
INDG 212
Welfare at Work http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg293.pdf FREE - pdf
Talking leaflet : Officework INDG173 Officewise [25 min 04 sec - MP3 5.74MB]
Preventing slips and trips at work http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg225.pdf Workplace health and safety: Glazing – INDG212 (revised)
27
Slips and Trips
The Management of Health Safety
and Welfare Regulations 1992
include the duty to assess slip and
trip risks to employees and others
who may be affected by their work
and take action to control the risks.
The Workplace (Health, Safety and
Welfare) Regulations 1992 requires
floors to be suitable for the purpose
for which they are used and in good
repair. Traffic routes shall be kept
free from obstructions and from any
article or substance which may
cause a person to slip, trip or fall.
Unsuitable flooring, inappropriate
footwear and unsafe methods of
floor cleaning are the main causes of
slip and trip accidents. Ways to
resolve these problems can be to
provide alternative flooring or
footwear for members of staff.
When workplaces are
designed/redesigned it would be
beneficial to construct it in a way
that will reduce the
likelihood/eliminate slips or trips. If
this is not possible providing staff
with appropriate footwear could be
classed as another control to reduce
the risk of an accident occurring as
a result of a slip/trip. When selecting
the footwear the conditions in the
workplace should be considered.
Suppliers of Personal Protective
Equipment or specialist footwear will
be able to provide you with the
advice and guidance.
28
The cleanliness of the flooring can
help with reducing the number of
slips that occur. The Health and
Safety Executive has produced
extensive guidance on slips and
trips, as well as a number of case
studies, which are available on the
Health and Safety website.
Statistics from the Health and Safety
Executive (HSE) show that slips, trips
and falls account for one third of all
reportable incidents under RIDDOR
(Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and
Dangerous Occurrences
Regulations 1995) and by ensuring
that a suitable floor finish has been
fitted, the business is reducing the
risk of personal injuries and
subsequent claims.
The Pendulum Test Value (PTV) of
36+ as determined by a pendulum
test, in accordance with BS7976, is
the nationally accepted standard for
floors to be given a slip resistance
rating of “Low Slip Probability”. As
such it is the appropriate standard to
assess floors where a “low Slip
Probability” floor is required.
Depending on the nature of the
Business, the suitability of floor
finishes will be considered on a case
by case basis, including Licensed
Premises.
For pubs, bars, nightclubs, licensed
restaurants; café’s and any other
similar licensed premises, suitable
slip resistance flooring must be
incorporated into the design of the
premises. A Pendulum wet test
rating of 36 or above will be required
for public areas and thoroughfares.
A large number of European tiles
are rated using the German ramp
test, and compliance with a floor that
achieves a R10/R11 rating may
achieve the appropriate slip
resistance. The R scale runs from R9
to R13, with R9 being the most
slippery. Further advice is available
from
http://www.hse.gov.uk/slips/architects.htm
Further Reading
INDG 255 (Rev. 1) – Preventing Slips and Trips at Work
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg225.pdf - Free pdf
HSE Information Sheets – Slips and Trips: The Importance of Floor Cleaning
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/web/slips02.pdf - Free pdf
HSE Catering Information Sheet No. 6 (Revised) – Preventing Slips and Trips in Kitchens and
Food Service http://www.hse.gov.uk/slips/publications.htm Free: leaflet
29
HEIGHTWISE ACCESS Ltd.
Steeplejacks
Family owned. Est 115 yrs
Specialising in repairs, alterations, &
modifications to buildings, traditional
and steel chimneys, lightning
protection and light protection testing.
Also annual test, maintenance and
installations of lightning protection systems
Other services available within the group include;
BIRD CONTROL, CLADDING, CLADDING
FASCIAS, RIGGING, RIGGERS AND ROPE
ACCESS OPERATIVES.
PHELAN
SCAFFOLDING
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Holland, Spain, France, Germany & Belgium
Specialist teams of fully registered CITB &
CSCS steeplejacks, lightning protection
engineers & rope access technicians.
T: 0114 245 4555
M: 07980893197
E: heightwise247@blueyonder.co.uk
Unit 18, Century Street Industrial Est., Sheffield S9 5DX
17
30
email: phelanscaffolding@yahoo.co.uk
www.phelanscaffoldingsheffield.co.uk
29
Work at height
The Work at Height Regulations 2005
requires you to identify work at
height where there is a risk of
personal injury from a fall. All work at
height must be properly planned
and organised and undertaken by
competent persons. The following
hierarchy should be applied to all
work at height:
◆ Provide suitable anchorage
points for safety harnesses
◆ If you have a high building, take
specialist advice
Falls or Falling Objects
◆ Use suitable work equipment or
other measures to prevent falls if
working at height cannot be
avoided
All open edges where there is a risk
of a person falling a distance likely
to cause personal injury must be
provided with a top guard rail (at
least 1100mm high) and an
intermediate guard rail. The gaps
should be filled in sufficiently to
prevent the fall of objects through it.
◆ Use equipment or other
measures to minimise the
distance and consequences of a
fall should one occur
The fencing should be secure,
substantial and strong enough to
restrain any person or object liable
to fall against it.
◆ Avoid work at height where
possible
Window Cleaning
Windows usually need cleaning
periodically and cleaners will need
safe access to windows. Where your
windows cannot be cleaned from the
ground you should make sure that
one or more of the following is done:
◆ Firstly, check if windows can be
cleaned from the inside eg pivot
windows
◆ Can windows be cleaned from
the ground using pole systems to
avoid working at height
◆ Provide access and a firm level
surface for ladders or other
mobile access equipment
Where covers in fencing or floors
need to be removed for access, a
suitable safe system of work must
be in place to prevent persons
falling, eg use of temporary barriers.
Any openings in fences or floors
should be covered. The covers
should only be removed for access
and be replaced as soon as
possible afterwards.
Case Study –
Work at Height
A self employed electrician aged 43
died after falling 30ft to his death
through a fragile perspex roof light
on the loading bay roof of a
31
warehouse in the city. He died of
multiple injuries.
He had been at the site to give a
quote for some cabling work for
video conferencing facilities and
during this visit a decision was made
with the facilities manager of the
warehouse to go onto the roof to
have a look at some gutters that
required cleaning.
They were fined £20,000 for each
offence including Section 2(1) and
3(1) of the Health and Safety at
Work Act and for allowing both men
to access the fragile roof without any
proper warnings, supervision or
training.
Both men accessed the roof via a
fixed ladder and proceeded across
the main roof onto the loading bay
roof.The electrician stepped onto a
perspex roof light that was
undistinguishable from the rest of
the roof due to the accumulation of
dirt on the skylight and the outdoor
lighting conditions.
Further reading:
INDG 401 The Work at Height Regulations 2005 – A brief guide
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg401.pdf - Free: pdf
INDG 402 Safe use of ladders and step ladders- An employers’ guide
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg402.pdf - Free: pdf
MISC611 Safety in window cleaning using suspended and powered access equipment
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/misc611.pdf - Free online sheet
MISC612 Safety in window cleaning using rope access techniques
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/misc612.pdf Free online sheet
MISC613 Safety in window cleaning using portable ladders
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/misc613.pdf Free online sheet
MISC614 Preventing falls from boom-type elevated work platforms
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/misc614.pdf Free online sheet
32
Workplace Transport
Transport in the workplace causes
many serious accidents every year.
A wide range of transport is
common to many businesses
including cars, vans, heavy goods
vehicles and forklift trucks. The
following indicates what you need to
do.
◆ Use risk assessment as a basis
for identifying and assessing the
risk systematically. Try identifying
the hazards associated with
vehicle activities in your
workplace and assess whether
existing precautions are
adequate
◆ Where pedestrians and vehicle
routes have to cross, appropriate
designated crossing places
should be provided where
necessary
◆ Barriers or rails should be
provided to prevent pedestrians
crossing at any particularly
dangerous points and to guide
them to designated crossing
places
◆ Check that suitable safety
features are included e.g. signs,
markings, speed limits
◆ Check that vehicles are kept in a
safe condition
◆ Check that drivers are properly
trained and actually drive safely
◆ Keep the need for reversing to a
minimum and when it is done that
it is safe
◆ Check that loading and
unloading operations are carried
out safely
Case Study – Workplace
Transport
A warehouse worker was injured
when she went outside the
warehouse for a smoke. A forklift
truck which was working outside
reversed into her causing a
compound fracture of the leg.
Comment: The Workplace
Regulations recognise that
pedestrians and vehicles are a
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potentially hazardous mixture.
Segregation or safe systems of work
could have prevented this accident.
Further reading:
INDG 199(rev1) Workplace Transport Safety http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg199.pdf
INDG 185 Tractor Action – A step by step guide to using tractors safely (free)
INDG 382 Driving at work – Managing work related road safety
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg382.pdf - Free: pdf
INDG 148 Reversing by vehicles (free)
HS(G) 136 Workplace Transport Safety. An employers guide. Published 2005
ISBN: 9780717661541 Series code: HSG136 (Second edition) Price: £11.50
Download a free copy: http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/hsg136.pdf
34
Work Equipment
The Provision and Use of Work
Equipment Regulations 1998
provides detailed requirements on
the control of safety of work
equipment.
◆ Make sure all dangerous parts
are guarded
◆ Provide instruction and training
for all operators. Don’t allow
untrained people to use
machines
There are many hazards associated
with work equipment which can
cause serious injuries. Even if the
dangers are so obvious that you
think nobody will take risks near
work equipment you are mistaken.
You cannot rely on employees to
avoid dangerous parts.
◆ Make sure controls are properly
marked and that emergency
stops are brightly coloured and
easily reached
◆ Keep work equipment in good
working order. Some work
equipment (such as lifting
equipment and air receivers)
must be inspected regularly by a
competent person – usually an
insurance company engineer
The following points will help you
ensure that work equipment is used
safely.
Under 18’s should not use high risk
lifting equipment or other high risk
pieces of equipment unless they are
mature, competent, have undergone
training and are adequately
supervised.
Servicing, Sales, Installation &
reconditioning of all makes of Air
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We offer an Emergency Breakdown Service
We can help you comply with H&S Legislation
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33
The Lifting Operations and Lifting
Equipment Regulations 1998
(LOLER) require that lifting
equipment on initial use and
periodically after installation be
thoroughly examined by a
competent person. This is often an
insurance company engineer, but it
can be anyone who has a sufficient
knowledge and experience to do so.
For lifting equipment that lifts a
35
person eg bath hoist, passenger lift,
a through examination should be
carried out every six months. For any
other lifting equipment for example a
fork lift truck it should be at least
every twelve months.
Regular servicing and maintenance
of lifting equipment is required along
with a thorough examination.
to demonstrate that they know the
safe operating limits of the pressure
systems and that the system is safe
under those conditions.
A suitable witten scheme of
examination should be in place
before the system is in operation.
They also need to ensure that the
pressure system is examined in
accordance with this scheme.
Written Schemes of
Examination
The Pressure Systems Safety
Regulations 2000 requires users
and owners of the pressure systems
Further reading:
L22 Safe use of work equipment. Published 2008. ISBN: 9780717662951 Series code: L22
Price: £11.95 Available from
http://books.hse.gov.uk/hse/public/saleproduct.jsf?catalogueCode=9780717662951
Buy or download free - http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l22.pdf
L113 Safe use of lifting equipment. Published 1998 ISBN: 9780717616282
Series code: L113 Price: £8.00 Available from
http://books.hse.gov.uk/hse/public/saleproduct.jsf?catalogueCode=9780717616282
Buy or download free - http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l113.pdf
INDG 339 Thorough examination and testing of Lifts
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg339.pdf - Free: pdf
INDG 291 Simple guide to the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg291.pdf - Free: pdf
INDG 317 Chainsaws at work http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg317.pdf - Free: pdf
INDG 261 Pressure systems safety and you http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg261.pdf
Free: pdf
INDG 229 Using Work Equipment Safely http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg229.pdf Free: pdf
INDG 290 Simple Guide to the Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg290.pdf - Free: pdf
INDG 178 Written Schemes of Examination http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg178.pdf
First copy free
36
a short guide to .....
The
Beauty Industry
37
Introduction
A trip to the hairdressers or beauty salon should be an enjoyable experience.
However recent horror stories have been highlighted in the press about filthy
salons, poor practices and infections where it has been claimed these could
be due to poor training and unsafe health and safety practices.
The following sections will help you to comply with health and safety
legislation within your salon and identify best practice.
Do I need a licence to run a beauty salon? – No unless you carry out a skin
piercing activity (see next section on skin piercing)
38
Skin Piercing
Skin Piercing
Under The Local Government
(Miscellaneous) Provisions Act 1982
all businesses and operators who
undertake tattooing, cosmetic
piercing (includes semi -permanent
skin-colouring), electrolysis and
acupuncture must be registered with
the local authority.
There are health risks to persons
having these activities undertaken
particularly if control measures at
studios are inadequate. Poor
cleanliness of premises, lack of
proper consent procedures or
inadequate cleaning, disinfection
and sterilisation of equipment can
lead to cases of infection or other
health problems.
The current registration fee for
premises in Sheffield is £250 for the
premises and £50 for each operator.
Further Reading
Codes of Practice on all skin piercing activities can be downloaded from
www.sheffield.gov.uk/environment/environmental-health/health-and-safety/skin-piercing.html
Dragon Tattoos & Body Piercing Ltd
LASER REMOVAL AVAILABLE
No 1 Woodhouse Road, Intake
Sheffield S12 2AY
Tel: 0114 281 2153
Tel: 0114 281 2150
Mobile: 0779 116 0649
Email: dragontattoouk@aol.com
Website: www.dragontattoostudios.co.uk
Open
s
6 Day
Monday to Saturday 9am - 7pm
Everybody Welcome
36
39
Sunbeds
The Sunbeds (Regulations) Act 2010
will apply to you if you offer sunbeds
for use on premises which are
occupied by you or are under your
management or control. The Act will
not apply to you if the premises are
used wholly or mainly as a private
home. Under the Act, you will be
required to ensure that no person
under the age of 18 years:
◆ uses a sunbed;
◆ is offered the use of a sunbed; or
person has indicated that they are
prepared to make a sunbed
available. It does not matter whether
the offer is in return for payment, is
complimentary (e.g. as part of a
membership package such as for a
leisure or fitness club), or is part of
the services included by a hotel or
holiday camp. Therefore, under-18s
should have such complimentary
facilities excluded from their
membership package or from the
services available to them.
◆ is present in a restricted zone.
Use of a sunbed
The purpose of the Act is to prevent
the use of sunbeds on commercial
business premises by children and
young people under 18 years. ‘Use’
in this context applies to actual
physical use of the sunbed.
Offer of the use of a sunbed
The Act effectively prohibits children
and young people from being
offered the opportunity to use a
commercial, on-premises sunbed by
the owner or manager of a sunbed
business or by any person on their
behalf. An offer for use is made if a
Info on skin cancer
Further information on skin cancer
and sun safety can be found on the
Sunsmart website at :http://www.sunsmart.org.uk/
Client record card
Example client record card
containing the relevant information a
operator of a tanning salon should
be asking and providing to clients.
Copies can be downloaded from the
council website:https://www.sheffield.gov.uk/environm
ent/environmental-health/health-andsafety/sunbeds.html
Further Reading
Information on the roles and responsibilities of UV tanning equipment can be found in the
HSE guidance document INDG209 ‘Reducing health risks from the use of Ultraviolet (UV)
tanning equipment’
Department of Health guidance on Sunbeds (Regulation) Act 2010 Information for Sunbed
Businesses can be downloaded at:http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidanc
e/DH_125656
40
Fish Foot Spa’s
In the last few years the use of fish
to provide a pedicure treatment as
becomes popular within the beauty
industry. A fish pedicure is the
process in which the user places
their feet in a tank of water (which
may be for individual use or shared)
to mid-calf level and Garra rufa fish
preferentially ‘nibble’ the thickened
skin from the feet, usually for
between 15 to 30 minutes.
pedicure is likely to be very low. By
following the recommendations
outlined in the guidance produced
by the Health Protection Agency
called, ‘Guidance on the
management of the public health
risks from fish pedicures’ premises
providing fish pedicures and
members of the public considering
this treatment can ensure that they
minimise any potential risk.
On the basis of the evidence
identified and the view of experts,
the risk of infection from a fish
The guidance can be downloaded from the Health Protection Agency website at: :http://www.hpa.org.uk/Topics/InfectiousDiseases/InfectionsAZ/Zoonoses/FishPedicures/
Sunking for all your Salon Needs:
est 1980
Sunbeds, Servicing,
HSE checks
Annual safety checks £49
Service and cleans from £99
Call 07976 770736
or visit www.sun-king.co.uk
170 Fife Street, Sheffield S9 1NR
35
41
Hairdressing
Dermatitis
It might come as a surprise to some
people but hairdressers are one of
the professions that are most likely to
develop dermatitis from their job. In
fact dermatitis is more common
amongst hairdressers than any other
profession. More that two thirds of
hairdressing apprentices suffer
some skin damage and a third
experience severe skin changes. a
recent survey of UK hairdressers
found that 39% reported hand
dermatitis. Skin problems often start
within the first month of work
experience when trainees have been
known to spend much of their day
washing clients hair without wearing
protective gloves.
For some people their dermatitis
stops them working in hairdressing,
but for others who carry on in
hairdressing work it means looking
after your hands is a daily necessity.
if no care is taken the dermatitis is
likely to get worse. This can be
painful and cause difficulty in work,
home and social life.
Further Reading
www.habia.org Dermatitis and Glove Use for Hairdressers
42
Health and Safety
Executive
Skin checks for dermatitis
Regularly check your skin for early signs of dermatitis
Look for...
Dryness
Itching
Redness
...which can
develop into
flaking, scaling
cracks, swelling
and blisters
If you think you may have dermatitis, report it to your employer.
Your employer may need to refer you to an
Occupational Health Doctor or Nurse
www.hse.gov.uk
43
Lasers
If you look through any beauty
publication, health magazine or
medical journal the chances are that
you will find an article about laser or
intense pulsed light treatments. The
number of new treatments and
procedures using lasers or intense
pulsed light technology is increasing
rapidly and crosses both the beauty
and medical sectors.
Lasers and intense pulsed light
systems are powerful devices and in
the wrong hands, or used in the
wrong way are capable of serious
injury to eyes, skin and tissue
Further Reading
www.habia.org/
www.hpa.org/web/
44
Lasers and intense pulsed light
treatments can be used in the
treatment of vision and eyesight
correction, removing birthmarks and
tattoos, treating red veins and skin
lesions,wound healing, treating
sports injuries, treating active acne
of improving acne scarring and, of
course, hair removal.
Only trained operatives should use
lasers and intense pulsed light
equipment
a short guide to .....
The Safety of
your Employees
45
Electricity
The Electricity at Work Regulations
1989 control the use of electricity in
all workplaces by placing duties on
employers, employees and the self
employed with regard to matters
under their control.
Electric shock, burns, fires and
explosions can all be caused by
poor electrical standards. Simple
common sense precautions can help
to reduce the risks in most
businesses but if you use electrical
equipment outdoors or in flammable,
wet or harsh conditions you will
need to get specialist advice.
The main points for general safety
are covered below.
◆ Make sure that the overall
electrical system including
electrical equipment connected
to the system is adequately
maintained. A competent person
should determine the type and
frequency of maintenance
◆ Check that cables and sockets
can cope with the loads on them
◆ Make sure that switches
including the mains switches are
clearly identified and readily
accessible
◆ Take suspect or faulty equipment
out of use and label it “DO NOT
USE” until it is attended to
◆ If you extend or join cables use a
properly insulated connector or
coupler. Do not use “chocolate
block” terminal connections –
they are not safe except in
certain situations
Portable Appliance testing
You must maintain electrical
equipment if it can cause danger,
but the law* does not say how you
must do this or how often. You
should decide the level of
P K Electrical
Electrical Installations,
Power Engineering,
Control Panels
& Switchgear Manufacturing
Lilleker Bros. Ltd, Rotherham, S60 2AG
est 1983
COMMERCIAL & INDUSTRIAL
Industrial Units • Shops • Offices • Restaurants •
Letting Agents • Council • Maintenance & Repair /
New Installations / Upgrades & Rewires / Lighting
Systems / Fire Alarms & CCTV
DOMESTIC
Rewires • New Installations • Inspecting & Testing
Insurance Work • Security Lighting & Alarms
All Work Carried Out to British Standards BS7671
Tel: 01709 374073
Web: lillekerbros.com
Telephone: 0114 236 4313
Mobile: 07958 351 250
www.pkelectricalsheffield.com
41 Dewar Drive, Sheffield S7 2GQ
46
27
maintenance needed according to
the risk of an item becoming faulty,
and how the equipment is
constructed. You should consider:
◆ the increased risk if the
equipment isn’t used correctly,
isn’t suitable for the job, or is
used in a harsh environment; and
◆ if the item is not double
insulated, for example some
kettles are earthed but some
pieces of hand-held equipment,
such as hairdryers, are usually
double insulated.
This includes any electrical
equipment your employees use at
work, whether it is their own or
supplied by you. You have a joint
responsibility to maintain any
equipment used by your employees
that is either leased (eg a
photocopier) or provided by a
contractor (but not equipment both
provided and used by a contractor).
You will need to check periodically if
any work needs doing. How you do
this depends on the type of
equipment.
Not every electrical item needs a
portable appliance test (PAT)
In some cases, a simple user check
and visual inspection is enough, eg
checking for loose cables or signs of
fire damage and, if possible,
checking inside the plug for internal
damage, bare wires and the correct
fuse.
Other equipment, eg a floor cleaner
or kettle, may need a portable
appliance test, but not necessarily
every year.
Case Study – Electric Shock
An employee in a kitchen received
an electric shock from an appliance
which had a damaged cable. The
employee was off work for over a
week.
Comments: The cable to the
appliance was found to be damaged
in a number of areas. The damage
had occurred when the cable had
been repeatedly trapped in a door. It
appeared that the damage had taken
place over a long period of time
without being attended to. The
employer was prosecuted.
Further reading:
INDG 231 Electrical safety and you http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg231.pdf Free - pdf
INDG 236 Maintaining portable electrical equipment in low risk environments Published
2012 ISBN: 9780717665082 Series code: INDG236(REV2) Price: £5.00 for a pack of 10.
Buy or Download free - http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg236.pdf
INDG 139 Electric Storage Batteries
First Free - pdf
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg139.pdf
47
Gas
Gas Appliances
Gas appliances must be properly
fitted and maintained to make sure
that they are safe. You must:
◆ Use a competent fitter to install or
maintain gas equipment. On the
1st April 2009, the CORGI Gas
registration scheme was
replaced in Great Britain by the
Gas Safe Register.
◆ If you employ the services of a
gas engineer, please ensure that
they have the appropriate
commercial catering
qualifications to work on
commercial installations and
equipment. All registered gas
engineers will carry a Gas Safe
Register ID card with their own
unique licence number, showing
the type of
gas work they
are qualified
to do. Before
any gas work
is carried out,
make sure
you check
their Gas Safe ID card as it is
against the law for any person
who is not registered or covered
by his/her employer's registration
with the Gas Safe Register, to
work on the maintenance or
installation of gas fittings or
appliances.
To check if a business or gas
engineer is registered:
www.gassaferegister.co.uk
tel: 0800 408 5500
Smell Gas? – call 0800 111 999
Further reading:
INDG 238 Gas Appliances – Get them checked. Keep them safe
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg238.pdf - Free: pdf
48
Liquefied Petroleum Gas
(LPG)
LPG is defined as commercial
butane, propane or any mixture of
the two. The main hazards are fire
and explosion. Asphyxiation can be
a danger in low lying storage areas
as LPG is heavier than air and so
sinks, displacing available air from
below. Indoor storage of LPG is
potentially very dangerous - expert
advice should be sought. Safety
requirements for the use and
storage of LPG depend upon the
amount kept at any one premises,
although precautions are required
for even very small quantities. The
quantity of LPG containers on
display or for sale within a retail
shop area should be as few as
reasonably practicable. Remaining
stock is to be placed outside within
a lockable compound of industrial
type wire mesh. Only dummy or
certified gas freed containers are to
be used for advertising purposes.
The maximum quantity of LPG (both
cylinders and cartridges) within a
retail area must not exceed 70kg.
the UK - free downloadable User
Information Sheets and other priced
Codes of Practice commended by
the Health and Safety Executive
Case Study- Improving gas
safety in commercial catering
premises
Visits made by the Health & Safety
enforcement team, in partnership
with inspectors from the Gas Safe
Register, made to catering
establishments in Sheffield raised
several safety concerns with respect
to gas safety. Issues surrounding
unsafe gas installations, equipment,
bypassed interlocks, equipment
without flame failure devices, non CE
marked equipment and work carried
out by unqualified gas engineers
was identified.
The business must ensure that the
equipment to be installed has the
appropriate CE marking, and that
the engineer working on the
installation or appliance is
appropriately qualified with the Gas
Safe Register.
Indoor mobile gas heaters which
burn liquefied petroleum gas need
to be maintained and serviced by a
competent Gas Safe registered
engineer so they remain safe.
Visit www.uklpg.org the trade
association for the LPG industry in
Photograph of appliance showing
incomplete combustion.
49
Lifting and Handling
The Manual Handling Operations
Regulations 1992 (as amended)
requires you as an employer to carry
out risk assessments for manual
handling tasks. Manual Handling is
considered to be transporting or
supporting of a load (including
lifting, putting down, pushing,
pulling, carrying or moving) by hand
or bodily force.
The most recent survey of selfreported work-related illness
estimated that in 2001/02, 1.1 million
people in Great Britain suffered from
musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs)
caused or made worse by their
current or past work. An estimated
12.3 million working days were lost
due to these work-related MSDs. On
average each sufferer took about 20
days off in that 12-month period.
This can have a number of
implications on the business.
The regulations require employers
to:
◆ avoid the need for hazardous
manual handling, so far as is
reasonably practicable.
◆ assess the risk of injury from any
hazardous manual handling that
can’t be avoided; and
◆ reduce the risk of injury from
hazardous manual handling, so
far as is reasonably practicable.
Avoid Manual Handling
The first thing that should be
considered is, “Does the object
need to be moved at all?” If it does,
think about using handling aids or
mechanical means of doing this.
Examples of alternative means of
moving goods are:◆ Forklift trucks
◆ Pallet trucks
◆ Conveyor belts
Women
Shoulder height
Elbow height
Knuckle height
Mid lower leg height
50
Men
Shoulder height
Elbow height
Knuckle height
Mid lower leg height
Assessing and Reducing the
Risk of Injury
Manual handling assessments
should be completed by the
employer. When completing these
assessments it is important that you
observe people carrying out manual
handling tasks to identify ways that
you can make it easier for your
employees to complete these tasks.
The Health and Safety Executive has
produced Manual Handling
Assessment Charts which may
assist you. They are available for free
at www.hse.gov.uk
The term “reasonably practicable” is
used when explaining the level to
which risk should be reduced to.
This means that risk should be
reduced to the point where any
further precautions would be
disproportionate to the benefits of
taking this action.
Mechanical aids are the most
common way of reducing this risk.
This risks identified in the risk
assessments can be reduced or
eliminate by providing this
equipment. Mechanical aids can
help employees to complete tasks
quickly and safely.
In addition to the diagram on the
next page, the following illustration
can be used to make a quick and
easy basic assessment:The diagram on the previous page
shows that when lifting is carried out
with extended arms or at high or low
levels the weight is reduced
because this is where injury is like to
occur.
Training
When new equipment and
procedures are introduced into the
workplace it is important to ensure
that all your staff are trained in using
the equipment and new safe
methods.
Further Reading
INDG 143 (Rev. 2) – Getting to Grips with Manual Handling – A Short Guide
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg143.pdf - Free: pdf
INDG 348 Mark a Parcel, Save a Back
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg348.pdf - Free: pdf
INDG 383 Manual Handling Assessment Charts (MAC)
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg383.pdf - Free: pdf
INDG 398 Are You Making the Best Use of Lifting and Handling Aids?
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg398.pdf - Free: pdf
L23 Manual Handling Guidance on Regulations ISBN:9780717628230 Published 2004
ISBN: 9780717628230 Series code: L23 Price: £8.95. Available at:
http://books.hse.gov.uk/hse/public/saleproduct.jsf?catalogueCode=9780717628230
Buy or download free - http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l23.pdf
51
Problems to look for when making an assessment
Ways of reducing the risk of injury - Can you:
The tasks, do they involve:
• holding loads away from the body?
• twisting, stooping or reaching upwards?
• large vertical movement?
• long carrying distances?
• strenuous pushing or pulling?
• repetitive handling?
• insufficient rest or recovery time?
• a work rate imposed by a process?
• use a lifting aid?
• improve workplace layout to improve
efficiency?
• reduce the amount of twisting and stooping?
• avoid lifting from floor level or above shoulder
• height, especially heavy loads?
• reduce carrying distances?
• avoid repetitive handling?
• vary the work, allowing one set of
muscles to rest while another is used?
• push rather than pull?
The loads, are they:
•
•
•
•
•
•
heavy, bulky or unwieldy?
difficult to grasp?
unstable or likely to move unpredictably
harmful, eg sharp or hot?
awkwardly stacked?
too large for the handler to see over?
The working environment, are there:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
constraints on posture?
bumpy, obstructed or slippery floors?
variations in levels?
hot/cold/humid conditions?
gusts of wind or other strong air movements?
poor lighting conditions?
restrictions on movements or posture from
clothes or personal protective equipment
(PPE)?
Individual capacity, does the job:
• require unusual capability, eg above-average
strength or agility?
• endanger those with a health problem or
• learning/physical disability?
• endanger pregnant women?
• call for special information or training?
Handling aids and equipment:
• is the device the correct type for the job?
• is it well maintained?
• are the wheels on the device suited to the floor
surface?
• do the wheels run freely?
• is the handle height between the waist and
shoulders?
• are the handle grips in good order and
comfortable?
• are there any brakes? Do they work?
52
Can you make the load:
•
•
•
•
•
lighter or less bulky?
easier to grasp?
more stable?
less damaging to hold?
If the load comes in from elsewhere, have you
asked the supplier to help, eg provide handles
or smaller packages?
Can you:
•
•
•
•
•
•
remove obstructions to free movement?
provide better flooring?
avoid steps and steep ramps?
prevent extremes of hot and cold?
improve lighting?
provide protective clothing or PPE that is less
restrictive?
• ensure your employees’ clothing and footwear
is suitable for their work?
Can you:
• pay particular attention to those who have a
physical weakness?
• take extra care of pregnant workers?
• give your employees more information, eg
about the range of tasks they are likely to face?
• provide more training (see ‘What about
training?’)
• Get advice from an occupational health advisor
if you need to.
Can you:
• provide equipment that is more suitable for the
task?
• carry out planned preventive maintenance to
prevent problems?
• change the wheels, tyres and/or flooring so that
equipment moves easily?
• provide better handles and handle grips?
• make the brakes easier to use, reliable and
effective?
Working with Display Screen Equipment
(including VDUs)
The Health and Safety (Display
Screen Equipment) Regulations
1992 require employers to
investigate work stations of
employees who habitually use
computer terminals as a part of their
normal work to assess and reduce
risks from using display screen
equipment.
Display Screen Equipment (DSE) is
found in many businesses. A small
proportion of people who work with
these do suffer ill health but this is
commonly caused by the way the
equipment is used.
The problems can be avoided by
proper use of the equipment. You
should:
◆ Assess the risks to employees,
identifying people at risk and
what needs to be done to protect
them
◆ Make sure workstations meet
basic health and safety
requirements with suitable
display screen, keyboard, desk
and chair
◆ Make sure the working
environment is satisfactory with
adequate space, suitable
lighting, temperature and
humidity
◆ Design the job to reduce stress
and repetition
◆ Provide suitable breaks from DSE
work (not necessarily rest periods
but different work e.g. filing)
◆ Provide eye and eyesight tests
free of charge for “users”
◆ Provide health and safety training
on DSE work for “users”
Note: Users are employers who use
DSE as a significant part of normal
work.
Further reading:
INDG 36 Working with VDUs http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg36.pdf - Free - pdf
L26 Display Screen Equipment Work Published 2003 ISBN: 9780717625826
Series code: L26 Price: £8.95. Available at:
http://books.hse.gov.uk/hse/public/saleproduct.jsf?catalogueCode=9780717625826
Buy or Download free from http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l26.pdf
HS(G) 90 VDUs – an easy guide. Published 2003 ISBN: 9780717626021
Series code: HSG90 Price: £8.50 Available at:
http://books.hse.gov.uk/hse/public/saleproduct.jsf?catalogueCode=9780717626021
Buy or Download free from http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/hsg90.pdf
53
COSHH
Many products and substances
used or produced at work are
hazardous.
Working practices must aim to
minimise the risk of using such
substances and restrict the
consequences of any accidents.
Certain hazardous substances are
covered by the Control of
Substances Hazardous to Health
Regulations 2002”.
Look at the substances that are
used in your business or are
generated by the work you do. If
they are likely to cause ill health (you
can usually find this out from the
label) you need to make an
assessment. This is what is known
as COSHH (Control of Substances
Hazardous to Health) assessment:
◆ If substances are hazardous, get
the safety data sheets from your
suppliers (they must provide
them).
◆ Look at how you use the
substances (find out what
actually happens, not what you
think might happen). Compare
this with what the data sheets or
labels say and decide what you
need to do
◆ Stop using the substance if
possible or use one that is less
harmful
◆ If you have to continue using it
then make sure the necessary
precautions are taken such as
enclosing the process or by
providing extra ventilation
◆ Provide personal protective
equipment (see Protective
Clothing and Equipment)
◆ Train your employees in the right
precautions. Make sure they use
them
◆ Write down what you have done
unless it is simple and easily
explained
Case Study – Tracey’s story
Tracy has been in the hairdressing
industry for 17 years, and now runs
her own salon in Yorkshire,
employing eight members of staff.
A few years ago, Tracy employed a
new hairdresser who suffered from
dermatitis. She contacted her local
council for advice, and they told her
54
about ‘Bad Hand Day?’ and the five
simple steps for preventing
dermatitis becoming a problem.
Tracy had always provided gloves
for use when colouring hair, but she
now introduced a salon policy for
staff to wear them for all
hairdressing tasks, including
shampooing and cutting hair. She
also introduced moisturising creams
and a program of monthly hand
checks for employees. These
measures helped to control the
dermatitis and allowed the
hairdresser to continue working in
the job she loved.
In order to avoid significant costs,
Tracy now supervises her staff to
ensure they follow the salon policy.
On one occasion, the hairdresser
with dermatitis chose not to wear
her gloves for cutting and suffered a
very bad flare-up on her two cutting
fingers, resulting in several days
sick leave and a loss of trade.
Tracy says that her team find the
longer length non-latex gloves that
HSE recommend comfortable. Tracy
also provides gloves to her staff to
use at home when cleaning or in
contact with chemicals and water as
she recognises that once a
hairdresser suffers from dermatitis
they have to change their lifestyle to
protect their skin and ultimately their
career.
For her efforts, Tracy’s salon has
won the regional award for good
practice in the Habia Health &
Safety Awards scheme for the past
two years running.
55
Asbestos
Your building may contain asbestos.
It is likely to be present if your
building:
◆ Was constructed or refurbished
between 1950-1980
◆ Has boilers with insulation
If it is in good condition it is
probably safest to leave it in
position. If the asbestos is in poor
condition or is likely to be damaged
or disturbed you will need to decide
whether it should be repaired,
sealed, enclosed or removed. If you
are unaware what to do, seek
specialist advice. Remember, work
on asbestos insulation and lagging,
56
including sealing and removal, must
normally be done only by a
contractor licensed by HSE. If in
doubt don’t disturb it. The Control of
Asbestos Regulations 2012 imposed
a duty on the persons in charge of
buildings to proactively manage the
risk from asbestos in non-domestic
premises. The duty requires you to
manage the risk by:
◆ Finding out if there is asbestos in
the premises, its amount and the
condition it is in
◆ Presuming materials contain
asbestos, unless you have strong
evidence that they do not
◆ Making and keeping up to date a record of the location and condition of
asbestos containing materials (ACMs) or presumed ACMs in your
premises
◆ Assessing the risk from the material
◆ Preparing a plan that sets out in detail how you are going to manage the
risk from this material
◆ Taking the steps needed to put your plan into action
◆ Reviewing and monitoring your plan and the arrangements made to put it
in place
◆ Providing information on the location and condition of the
material to anyone who is liable to work on or disturb it
Case Study – Asbestos
Contractors working in a pub cellar disturbed asbestos lagging which
contaminated the whole of the cellar and equipment. Because there were
gaps in the floorboards of the bar above, asbestos fibres also blew into the
bar area. The pub was closed for several weeks for expensive
decontamination work.
Comments: This serious and costly problem could have been prevented if the
contractors had been told that asbestos was present. Owners or occupiers of
buildings must find out where asbestos is and take steps to make sure it does
not become a problem.
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57
Further reading:
INDG 223 Managing Asbestos in premises
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg223.pdf - Free: pdf
HS(G) 227 A comprehensive guide to managing asbestos in premises Published 2002
ISBN: 9780717623815 Series code: HSG227 Price: £12.50. Available at:
http://books.hse.gov.uk/hse/public/saleproduct.jsf?catalogueCode=9780717623815
Buy or Download free from http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/hsg227.pdf
HS(G)210 Asbestos Essentials – task manual Published 2012 ISBN: 9780717665037
Series code: HSG210 (Third edition) Price: £15.00. Available at:
http://www.hse.gov.uk/asbestos/essentials/index.htm Download a free copy
L127 The Management of asbestos in non-domestic premises – Approved Code of Practice
and Guidance. Published 2006 ISBN: 9780717662098 Series code: L127 Price: £9.50
Available at:
http://books.hse.gov.uk/hse/public/saleproduct.jsf?catalogueCode=9780717662098
Buy or Downoad free from http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l127.pdf
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info@compasbestos.co.uk
58
10
Legionnaires’ Disease
Legionnaires’ disease is a potentially
fatal form of pneumonia caused by
legionella bacteria.
Guidance on Compliance
Anybody can catch this disease but
people who are over 45, smokers,
heavy drinkers, those suffering from
chronic respiratory or kidney
disease and those with impaired
immune systems are particularly
susceptible.
◆ Prepare a scheme (or course of
action) for preventing or
controlling the risk
Infection cannot be passed from
person to person but is caused by
breathing in small droplets of water
contaminated by the bacteria. These
bacteria can be found within wet
cooling towers, evaporative
condensers, and hot and cold water
systems.
These systems require risk
assessment to establish the degree
of controls that are required, this will
range from a small hot water system
with high temperature and turnover
where no further action maybe
necessary, to a large wooden
cooling tower that will need a
complete water treatment and
monitoring programme to control
risk.
◆ Identify and assess sources of
risk
◆ Implement and manage the
scheme
◆ Appoint a person to be
managerially responsible
◆ Keep records and check that
what has been done is effective
◆ If an employee becomes ill with
Legionnaires’ disease after
working on a potentially
contaminated water system then
this must be reported under
RIDDOR. (see section on
Accidents and Emergencies)
If you have a cooling tower or
evaporative condenser on site you
must notify the local authority in
writing with details of where it is
located. You must also tell them if
such equipment is no longer in use.
Application forms are available from
the Local Authority on request.
Further Reading:
L8 Legionnaires’ disease: The control of legionella bacteria in water systems.
Published 2000 ISBN: 9780717617722 Series code: L8 Price: £8.00 Available at:
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/books/l8.htm
Buy or Download free from http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l8.pdf
INDG458 Legionnaires' disease: a brief guide for dutyholders
INDG376 Legionnaires’ disease: essential information for providers of residential
accommodation http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg376.pdf - Free: pdf
INDG 253 Controlling Legionella in Nursing and Residential Care Homes
59
Protective Clothing and Equipment
It is far better, and a legal
requirement, to eliminate the risk
rather than to rely on workers using
protective clothing. If protective
equipment is still needed it must be
provided free by the employer. You
must:
choose it they are more likely to
use it
◆ Make sure people look after it
and store it properly when not in
use
◆ Instruct and train people in its
use. Tell them what it will protect
them from and what it won’t!
◆ Provide the right equipment.
Check with your supplier, they
can advise you
◆ Check regularly that it is worn
and if not find out why. Use
safety signs to remind people
◆ Choose equipment which fits the
wearer. If you let users help
Further reading:
INDG 174 A short guide to Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regs. 1992
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg174.pdf Free: - pdf
L25 Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992 Published 2005 ISBN:
9780717661398 Series code: L25 Price: £8.95
Available at:
http://books.hse.gov.uk/hse/public/
saleproduct.jsf?catalogueCode
=9780717661398
Buy or Download free from
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l25.pdf
&
At Source QX Ltd
01507 604322
www.protecthear.co.uk
60
Personally
moulded
earplugs cut
out industrial
noise but allow
employees to
still hear
Combination of
ProtectHear
and radio
accessories
enable wearers
to communicate
properly on
factory or shop
floors
28
Construction (Design and Management)
Regulations 2007 – CDM
These Regulations apply to nearly all
construction work undertaken in the
UK. They put in place procedures
for improving the planning and
health and safety management of
construction projects of all types,
throughout every phase and
involving all parties (client, designer,
contractor and subcontractor) in the
management of hazard and risk.
New simplified regulations came into
force in April 2007 which revise and
bring together existing CDM 1994
and the Construction (Health, Safety
and Welfare) (CHSW) Regulations
1996 into a single regulatory
package. They will be supported by
an Approved Code of Practice and
industry approved guidance and aim
to re-emphasize the benefits of a
well managed and coordinated
approach to the management of
health and safety in construction.
Further Reading:
L144 A Guide to Managing Health and Safety in Construction. The Approved Code of
Practice (Acop) Managing Health and Safety in Construction. Published 2007 ISBN:
9780717662234 Series code: L144 Price: £15.00 Available at:
http://books.hse.gov.uk/hse/public/saleproduct.jsf?catalogueCode=9780717662234
Buy or Download free from http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l144.pdf
Killamarsh Tarmacadam Ltd
Industrial, Commercial & Domestic
Tarmacadam Specialists
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FORECOURTS • PATHS • TENNIS COURTS
GENERAL GROUND WORKS, REMEDIALS,
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Public Liability & Health and Safety Covered
Over 30 years Experience
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For Free Estimate tel: 0114 3217971
mob: 07732 248226
www.killarmarshtarmacadamltd.co.uk
info@killamarshtarmacadamltd.co.uk
152 Sheffield Rd, Killamarsh S21 1EB
30
61
Dangerous Substances and Explosive
Atmosphere Regulations 2002 (DSEAR)
Employers are required to assess the risks of fire and explosions that may be
caused by dangerous substances in the workplace. These risks must then be
eliminated or reduced as far as reasonably practicable. The aim is to protect
employees and other people who may be put at risk such as visitors to the
workplace and members of the public. These regulations complement the
requirement to manage risks under the Management of Health and Safety at
Work Regulations 1999.
Further reading:
INDG350(rev 1) An introduction to CHIP 4
HSG97 A step by step guide to COSHH assessment Free to download.
L5 The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (as amended).
Approved Code of Practice.
INDG233(rev 1) Preventing contact dermatitis at work.
INDG136(rev 4) Working with substances hazardous to health.
L138 DSEAR 2002: Approved Code of Practice and Guidance.
62
Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005
This Order came into force in
October 2006, under the Regulatory
Reform Act 2001. The order
replaced most previous Fire Safety
legislation with one simple order.
What the order means, is that any
person who has some level of
control in premises must take
reasonable steps to reduce the risk
from fire and make sure people can
safely escape if there is a fire. The
order applies to virtually all premises
and covers nearly every type of
building, structure and open space.
What the main rules under
the order say you must do:
◆ Carry out a fire-risk assessment
identifying any possible dangers
and risks
◆ Consider who may be especially
at risk
◆ Get rid of or reduce the risk from
fire as far as is reasonably
possible and provide general fire
precautions to deal with any
possible risk left
◆ Offices and shops
◆ Take other measures to make
sure there is protection if
flammable or explosive materials
are used or stored
◆ Premises that provide care,
including care homes and
hospitals
◆ Create a plan to deal with any
emergency and, in most cases,
keep a record of your findings
◆ Community halls, places of
worship and other community
premises
◆ Review your findings when
necessary
◆ The shared areas of properties
several households live in
(housing laws may apply)
Who is responsible for
meeting the order?
Examples:
◆ Pubs, clubs and restaurants
◆ Schools and sports centres
◆ Tents and marquees
◆ Hotels and hostels
◆ Factories and warehouses
It does not apply to people’s private
homes, including individual flats in a
block or house.
Under the order, anyone who has
control of premises or anyone who
has a degree of control over certain
areas or systems may be a
‘responsible person’. For example, it
could be:◆ The employer for those parts of
premises staff may go to
◆ The managing agent or owner for
shared parts of premises or
shared fire safety equipment
63
such as fire-warning systems or
sprinklers
◆ The occupier, such as selfemployed people or voluntary
organisations if they have any
control, or
◆ Any other person who has some
control over a part of the
premises
any other responsible person, must
as far as is reasonably practical
make sure that everyone on the
premises, or nearby, can
escape safety if there is a fire.
Five steps to Fire Risk
Assessment:
1. Identify fire hazards. Identify:
Although in many premises the
responsible person will be obvious,
there may be times when a number
of people have some responsibility.
Sources of ignition;
Sources of fuel; and
Sources of oxygen.
2. Identify people at risk. Identify:
How do I meet the order?
If you are the responsible person,
you must make sure you carry out a
fire-risk assessment although you
can pass this task to some other
competent person. However, you
will still be responsible, in law, for
meeting the order. The responsible
person, either on their own or with
People in and around the
premises; and
People who are especially at risk.
3. Evaluate, remove or reduce, and
protect from risk
Evaluate the risk of a fire starting.
Evaluate the risk to people from a
fire.
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Remove or reduce fire hazards.
Remove or reduce the risks to
people from a fire.
Protect people by providing fire
precautions.
4. Record, plan, inform, instruct and
train
Record any major findings and
action you have taken.
Discuss and work with other
responsible people.
Prepare an emergency plan.
Inform and instruct relevant
people.
Provide training.
5. Review
Review your fire-risk assessment
regularly.
Make changes where necessary.
Further information:
If you need more practical advice
and information after you have
carried out your fire-risk assessment,
contact:
South Yorkshire Fire and Rescue
Services, 197 Eyre Street, Sheffield
S1 3FG
Tel: 0114 2727202
You can obtain guides, suitable for
your type of premises from good
book shops and by downloading
them from the internet at
www.syfire.gov.uk/372.asp
www.communities.gov.uk/fire/firesafet
ylaw/
65
Smokefree Legislation
On the 1st July 2007 The Health Act
2006 legislation came into force in
England, which bans smoking in the
majority of all enclosed public
places and workplaces.
Smoking is prohibited in all
“enclosed” and “substantially
enclosed” public places and
workplaces. It is now an offence to:-
wholly enclosed either on a
permanent or temporary basis.
If smoking shelters want to be
erected for employees it may be
necessary for planning permission to
be granted. The Planning
Department can provide assistance
with regards to this.
◆ Smoke in a smoke free premises
◆ Allow others to smoke in a smoke
free premises
◆ Fail to display the correct no
smoking sign
Figure 1 shows what is considered
to be “substantially enclosed”, if
the structure has a ceiling or roof,
but have an opening in the walls,
which is less than half the total area
of the walls. The area of the opening
does not include doors, windows or
any other fittings that can be opened
or shut.
Fig 2.
Example of non-substantially
enclosed premises
No Smoking Signage
All smokefree premises, which
includes vehicles, need to display no
smoking signs that meet the
requirements of the law. Displaying
the necessary signage makes it
clear that you are adhering to the
requirements stated in the smoke
free legislation. The sign below is a
representation of the sign that you
are required to display on your
premises or in your vehicle.
Fig 1.
Example of substantially
enclosed premises
Figure 2 shows what is considered
to be “enclosed”, if they have a
ceiling or roof and (except for doors,
windows or passageways) are
66
NO SMOKING.
It is against the law to
smoke in these premises
The Workplace Stop
Smoking Scheme
If you're an employer you might wish
to consider providing stop smoking
sessions for your staff, and support
your employees to make the single
greatest improvement in their health.
Furthermore, stop smoking support
at work will yield positive cost
savings and economic health gains
for businesses, including up to a
30% reduction in workplace sick
leave.
A range of free stop smoking
support options are available to suit
you, including on-site programmes
of support, plus one-to-one sessions
and groups.
For general information on support
to stop smoking please contact the
Sheffield NHS Stop Smoking Service
on 0800 068 4490 or visit
www.sheffieldstopsmoking,org.uk
67
68
a short guide to .....
The Welfare
of your Employees
69
Noise, Violence & Work Related Stress
Noise at Work
If your workplace is particularly noisy then the Control of Noise at Work
Regulations 2005 may apply. These require employers to carry out noise
assessments, to reduce exposure, to provide information and training for
employees and to issue personal hearing protection.
Further reading:
INDG 362 Noise at work – A guide for employers
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg362.pdf - Free: pdf
L108 Controlling noise at work. Published 2005 ISBN: 9780717661640 Series code: L108
Price: £13.95 Available at:
http://books.hse.gov.uk/hse/public/saleproduct.jsf?catalogueCode=9780717661640
Buy or Download free from http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/l108.pdf
Sound Advice for noise at work in music & entertainment venues www.soundadvice.info/
Violence at Work
Violence towards employees can be a significant problem in many
businesses, e.g.retail outlets, betting shops, nightclubs etc. Violence should
be considered as a workplace hazard as part of your risk assessments.
Further reading:
INDG 69 Violence at Work – A guide for employers
http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg69.pdf - Free: pdf
HS(G) 133 Preventing violence to retail staff. Published 1995 ISBN: 9780717608911
Series code: HSG133 Price: £6.95 Available at:
http://books.hse.gov.uk/hse/public/saleproduct.jsf?catalogueCode=9780717608911
Buy or Download free from http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/priced/hsg133.pdf
Further links - www.hse.gov.uk/violence/toolkit/index.htm
70
Work related Stress
13.5 million working days are lost each year due to work related stress.
Employers have a legal duty to take reasonable care to ensure that the health
of their employees is not put at risk through excessive and sustained levels of
stress arising from their work. Stress should be considered as a workplace
hazard as part of your risk assessments. It is particularly recognised as a
problem, in certain industry sectors e.g. call centres etc.
Further reading:
INDG 281 Work related stress – A short guide
INDG 341 Tackling work-related stress- A guide for employers
HS(G) 218 Tackling work-related stress: A manager’s guide to improving and maintaining
employee health and well-being.
71
Controls on Working Time
There are significant health and
safety risks posed if working time is
not adequately controlled.
The Working Time Regulations 1998
(amended 2003) introduced the
following legal requirements:
◆ A limit of an average of 48 hours
a week which a worker can be
required to work (though workers
can choose to work more if they
want to)
◆ A limit of an average of 8 hours
work in 24 hours which night
workers can be required to work
◆ A right for night workers to
receive free health assessments
◆ A right to a day off each week
◆ A right to an in-work rest break if
the working day is longer than 6
hours
◆ A right to four weeks paid leave
per week.
72
◆ Weekly and daily rest, rest
breaks and paid annual leave are
enforced through the
Employment Tribunals
◆ The weekly working limit and
health assessment (for night
workers) are enforced by the
Health and Safety Executive and
local authority.
All initial enquiries should be dealt
with by ACAS (the Arbitration,
Conciliation, and advisory Service).
ACAS will be able to help with
matters concerned with time off, rest
breaks, paid annual leave, and other
general employment information.
Contact ACAS National Help line
08457 474747
Getting more help
This handbook can only provide an introduction to health and safety at work.
Further guidance is produced in a wide range of literature from HSE books.
Some publications are available as single free copies. HSE priced and free
publications are available by mail order from:
HSE Books, PO Box 1999, Sudbury, Suffolk CO10 6FS
Tel: 01787 881165 Fax: 01787 313995
Email: hsebooks@prolog.uk.com Web-site www.hsebooks.co.uk
HSE leaflets and other health and safety information are also available from
the HSE web-site at www.hse.gov.uk HSE priced publications are also
available from good booksellers.
You may also visit our web-site at
www.sheffield.gov.uk/environment/environmental-health/health-safety
where you will find more detailed health and safety information on a range of
subjects or contact an Inspector for health and safety advice. If you don’t
know which is your enforcing authority see table below.
73
The Enforcing Authorities
TYPE OF BUSINESS
ENFORCING AUTHORITY
Office, Shop, Warehouse, Leisure,
Public House/Hotel, Restaurant,
Care, Take Away
Sheffield City Council Health
Protection Service
See (1) below
Factory, Construction Site
Agriculture, Mines and Quarries
Local Authority
Health and Safety Executive
See (2) below
The enforcing authorities’ addresses and telephone numbers are:-
1. Sheffield City Council, Health Protection Service
2-10 Carbrook Hall Road, Sheffield S9 2DB
Tel 0114 273 5774 Fax 0114 273 6464
E-mail healthprotection@sheffield.gov.uk
2. Health and Safety Executive
Foundry House, 3 Millsands, Riverside Exchange, SHEFFIELD S3 8NH
Tel: 0114 291 2300 Fax: 0114 291 2379
3. Employment Medical Advisory Service
Edgar Allen House, 241 Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2GW
Tel: 0114 291 2300
Key contacts
within the council –
First Point for Business
Town Hall, Pinstone Street,
Sheffield S1 2HH
firstpointforbusiness@sheffield.gov.uk
Telephone: 0114 224 5000
Licensing Services
Block C, Staniforth Road Depot,
Staniforth Road, Sheffield, S9 3HD
general.licensing@sheffield.gov.uk
Telephone: 0114 273 4264
74
Planning Services
Sheffield City Council, Howden House,
1 Untion Street,Sheffield, S1 2SH
Telephone: 0114 273 4215
Trade Waste Disposal
Telephone: 0114 203 7410
To contact Sheffield City Council
Telephone 0114 273 4567
Sheffield City Council Health Protection Service
Reader’s Survey
Health and Safety Booklet
It would help us to have your comments on this information booklet
and to know how useful it was to you.
Please send the completed form to:
Health Protection Service,
2-10 Carbrook Hall Road, Sheffield, S9 2BD
Telephone:
Fax:
E-mail:
0114 273 5774
0114 273 6464
healthprotection@sheffield.gov.uk
1. How did you get this information booklet?
For example:
a) Was it given to you during a Health and Safety Inspection?
b) Was it sent to you following a Health and Safety Inspection?
YES
NO
c) Did you pick it up at a local library?
d) Did you pick it up at a doctor’s surgery?
e) Other
If other please specify below:
75
YES
NO
YES
NO
YES
NO
2. Was the booklet clear and easy to understand?
3. Did you find the booklet useful?
4. Do you feel you now have a better understanding
of health and safety requirements and legislation?
5. Overall how helpful was the booklet?
Please give the booklet a score of 1 to 6, where
1 is not helpful and 6 is very helpful. (Circle)
1
2
3
4
5
6
6. How would you improve this booklet?
76
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Find information on:
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LRES-UK LTD is a Sheffield based, highly skilled industrial cleaning specialist company offering a wide range of services.
We understand that a safety conscious approach is essential in our line of work, and for this reason we constantly
evaluate each of the services we provide in order that all of our clients are confident that the job will be done safely and
cost effective.
Full method statements and risk assessments are provided out for all works by a NEBOSH qualified safety professional.
Our fully trained and experienced team recognise the importance of a high level of customer service and we are fully
insured to carry out this type of work.
Hazardous waste disposal:
Fully compliant with all environmental legislation - licenced waste carrier with environment agency
Shot blasting on and off site:
We can blast all types of large objects at our blasting bay situated in Chesterfield also on site blasting with our mobile
unit. Surface preparation works undertaken on all types of materials, shot blasting of tanks, site cabins all types of
surfaces for either paint preparation or NDT inspection.
Painting Service: External preparation and painting of plant, tanks and buildings etc.
Tank cleaning:
We provide a range of tank cleaning services through our experienced teams.
Fully certified and aware of all relevant regulations, our operatives are able to clean tanks located both below
and above ground to the same high standard. Additionally, our service encompasses the following:
- Oil and chemical tanks - Gas free certificates provided.
- Petrol forecourt services - Zone zero work undertaken.
General site clearances:
Clearance of any size property, rubbish removed, floors cleaned, walls painted to bring a property back
to a state where it is fit to use.
Please contact us on the following: PHONE: 0845 265 8331 Email: sales@lresuk.com www.lresuk.com
12
9
Published by Health Protection Service, Sheffield City Council
Produced by Priory Publications, Hassell Street, Newcastle-under-Lyme, ST5 1AX. Tel: 01782 711500 Del/12/2012