\
v
0' OQiiOR
Ffi:RPE'l'UAL T?JJSTlETE COIA:PAlTY LTD.
\
v
C.J. ir<~quity
.l'-
)
as decla:red that certain pTo:;;_erty in Ch,J.rch a!ld GBorge
divisibl~he
Streets rs.rrarratta. was
appell:::.nt and the
oth~'r
half
to the ohildran of Sarnuel
RS~.rber
ents IneU.ece:::u;;,;;d. the
Nido'l'l 1 anch e,randchildr:3n to take f.t:s:& per""
stirpes.
s:;~,id.
who survived hie ;'iidcr,..rJ' includine; the
The quest ion turns u_pcn the ccmstruct ion. to be
will of Camue1 Barber.
Tl·e gift. of th;;;
~;rcport:r
~ut
up en the
now in '-1\.l.estion is
in th'3 words following viz:- "I give and. devise unto the said George
Thomas IIunt :.t.nd Eenry James B&rber or th,J survivor of the1:·: or the heirs
eY~ecutcrs or administrators of such survivor all that ro..y bleak of property at the corner cf Georg~ & Church Gts Para1u~.tta. aforese.icl 1J.:pon
trust ~o recei VG ths rents issues and ft'Ofi ts thereof and out of such ·
proceeds to ~'fl-Y to ~ry dear Nife t.hre;aret Barber tha yearly s1..w. cf £364
by equal q~arterly paymJnts for and during the term of her natural.life
or so lcng as she .remains my ~idow but in the event of har intermarrying
a.fter ~Y -i0oease th·3IJ. ·that the anr.us.l payment mto be made to her shall
be fot:ii th reduced. to the suru of £300 and further to fay ~n out of· the
,
....
said :re11ts isstlGs r~r1cl }-:To_fi ta urJ. ;..u lJ.iY da-ug-l1te:c Ioey- --Bri t&lll1it\ Jol1.nsor..
Barber th'3 yee..I·ly surn of £150 by equa.l qtv:trterly payrnents for and d.uri:gg
the te!'lf1 of he1· natural life or until the d(~cee.se of her Mot1'er lT;"f said
wife Margaret Barber and from and im:reclir,_.tiUy ;;,..fter he.r· decee;cse I direct that the >;;aid block of 1~-nd be sold 11 one h.'llf c:f th3 ::)rooeedc to
be invested for or paid over tc my dear daughter Icey Britannia Johnson
Barber and the(;;.th::;r hc,lf ;.:;~ equally divided 1:;:,et 'r,;cn ;ny childr·:m thzn
surviving ';l..Dd I furtber ..lirect my said trust3ea .:;;fhn· tb3 ..~'iYiDg the
before r;;entioned annuitL%l' ::md nll r"ite3 taxes and re,.::e.ir::!l to divido
the ba:Lanc'3 of such r•;mta s...nd 1-rofi t:a. bet•;:r:;;sn my ,i.Sl.Uf;'tlters Lydie, Dale
and ·Rv_th Cook until my 'Nifets d.e"ith 0"s aforesaid; 11
If this gift atcoJ
~lone
th3r3
~ould
be na difficulty> fer tha
of the teet::1.tor
anJ3llill.nt baing the only child.{who survived his Nidow Nould ole::.. rly 1;e
&.:r;:
entitled to ·the
~Vhole
lJt'O.t)Srty.
f.jut the ·/rill contG"ins
cmother .;.rovis-
ion the effect of which was in the opinion cf the leaTr8d Chief Judge
.to let in tha children of euch of th3 testator's children as ;red0oaasad hie 7vidow·.
That ;revision is in the worde following viz:-
"I declare that i f sny of my childr~n herein na.l'led ah,...ll ;r·.~d·;;ce8.ee... e
l;:3"3.ving issue, or depart this li.f·~ before distribution of my estate
leaving isaue such isstle sh·"l.ll take (if rcore than cne child in eqv.al
·shares and prO}'crtiona f',ncl if 1)ut one tha.t one !:~.lcne) vh e sbt'l.re or
shares respectively of their deceased
r~rent
cr parents but I direct
'
.... ·:; .
. ·::;:~f't:~i~~::~i~~ciiaei· t~·· he-·
. ..
~
...... ...... T'
_· .· t :Cni ,thereby de:p~rt this~ .
d1-yiaE}d.·.between the survivors,,:
beCJ,ue$-thed the proceeds of supb·:
Tn a.n earlier caae . in· wbioli the will of th.iis teats-tor vias .the··
'
.
~
subject of·):"
deoisioh o:t' the .but:reme
Court
.
·provisiJn ri:;p11i1ed
:. ~ty
.
to
it r19.s held that this
',
the sh~..res o;e' teatatorrs .. children in the .resid...,
a son. of
the ohi:ld.ren of
XEaiiLl estate and that
tlls
test&ttor WhO
sur.Yive¢ the t~a~ator but died withir~ a. :year· after his. d.3ath became ~
..
ent·:3.-t'led to th~ir fatl'iar's share :o±' .the raaid:>..ia.ry refal sstate-. ·The
·' <~<;.~~·;. ;: :._· . . .
;. . .
' ·.
.. ...
<~·· .
' .: ·_· . •'
. ·.
-· ' . ·.
.
.~t'~.?~~~t:~t;tha.t: d.eoiai_~n·~~uat_ bar~. :be.el'l tb.a.t .. the eJq:;reaa1on:.'~dis~r.1.-.
·.~·'.)·:.~~.:····.;,•·l. ,•'' i · , ' .·. ···:_:·· .•··_:>.{··'-" .... ,-_',~:.,- .
··:. ·.· ;
. . ~->< .; '\··. : '.<: • "
·.c·
."
-.
put ion: of u.uy· eratat.e•n,
.·
.· : .'.
~rl ·t~ :p.ls:u.~~
d.isc,.u~a ion
und.ar
.·..... ; ..· .·.• .·. .
.
shoul_d: be
con~·
.. . . . . ·. . . ·. ·. ' .· J
: . li:~~~:a ·:~~ -~~~~).~~; ,npt. J)?e. :~~~~;;;.f,~~· th.e · eatat~ .~~s · aot~~ll:r. -~ist:d.~ ·
)tit the time a:ti.':1ifhi.oh :tn.''ehe ~rdina.ryooura~. of eYent.s.it·
j~J·:>
·.· .· .. ' . . ·.·· . ~. ..:
•.
·····. 'buted
·.
; . , ', ' : ·. :~:: '·';
';; .'.;
:•.t
.. (·
.:; ':)_;;.'
wo\iild i:i~aooru~ ilistiiouta.ble
;~;· .._."::> .:·.-._'-.:~~· . : . ·:- :-'-.. _..··\'.:._·-: .·.· :·'::~·~:~'::·._:
.·
v:l.z i'~ ia.t the .ex:piit!S.t ion of one' year frorn· ·
.
- _ . , ~.··.··: ':: . ··:"_ .. .·:. ·,~
·'tt}et'Gat9f"s death. · . Th~ part iea :,~o. this a.ppeal.·iVere tapreae.nt,$d 1n tj
.. ,
.
........ '. '
..
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earlie~ ~rooaed1n$s;
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a.tion of. the. .cla:uaie.
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And
1~.
.. ' ; :.
the
~'" ~" lJ<' " '· ' ~ ~;x~Zh__ ~:L.·L_~·
;;....... ,,-w .. ..
..
and oa.nngt now be heard
..
·.•
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: ;.,
to-queatio~ that
.. . . .' "_
.
e:xp,reseio~
·' .· .· .• . . .
1
.
"before
.-
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in-·
.
distri~
1
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it would seem to follow th:::\t the provision in
ina.pplic~r)le tc tihe, gif·t of the ChurJh and Geotge;
Streets:p:ooperty.
aa snould
For it. is impossible to i'ttributs to tlw taata-
p:J;edaceas~
him or die ·;rithin a year after hi>'Ol and -s.t
d}-.
Sf' I'·""
tift::'?( e.xcl~a,ing the children of such of his children as
· ahotild 2l.ie ruo:re th:a.t.J. a. yaa.r a!te:;: his daa.th but in. thJ lifet 1::n3 of
)aia wido>v.
meaning
·o.enoting.idi±':t'erent
,_,
:---
_- __ ,_ - '
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'-'
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pbint·a
-
a.n . arnbuls.tory
.
1
pf time .. appropriate ·to the aevera
~
'gifts to %'hioh tli~provi~icm may h>3 ·held to ap;·l·,-.· . Thus conceding
-·.-
tnat
.
in its 11-,tJplicC",_t-ion to the gi'ft of. residuary real estate the
befot~ th~
death cf
mr
viz·:~ the Dog Trap Road property· and th::J reaiiuary
the fact that hs prcqeeda e:;t;.:ressly to vary the dir-
Dog Trap
thia·;vt,~-«:~:·
":.•,c-
,,·.-
'-' -''i~ ...
R~4d ':Propert:Y.).s
not· neoassa.rilt
On.' a. oo:naideration ot the 'will as. a.
.,.
-~-
~'
p.!Jpe,i1ia.~t i$ . :a~tit~eo..
t'o
succe~d...
T:ne · a.bsolu~e
•. ~~tit:1i:i~11~~~t;~~~;~~~~j~~~~~~P~",f~:~::gc~:~;._.
. lif!t aqa(;;l\.it~ gif~t'.f~ 'at''thei~.h~~t' iof '~~i_~.lOUS~·and•Unce:tt*':J.n
' .1. ; -
tlu
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·-:T·-~
,>
- ~' ~}::-~',.,..,.
oonstr~ct~~~· .for wlliq~Jb.~r:~~.~on.tend. inv,olv~s t~.~;J,;~
·. rt~~.~~r~~~n·~.·~~;~.~<.w~.~o~.·~1;~. ~h~-~~4!. be~~· . con~tr~:~,:~~~·~'··
of
t~~.e a~. 1~~-f9it.~tJ.g s.:n':~~t·i.~eir diffe~~~v.;-~6~n}
-·-~~;i;~ "-_ ~~:,~: ~:J::-~:-=::-~:,~~.,_~,:~~--~1~-,__-~:~: -~----~~.:_,'~~ ·-·~~, "--~~.; ~ . . ;_;~~-L--~~-.£.:,.G_:::_.,~.;.-~l~~~h~.l_~-- .,
-..j
01 CONOR
v.
PERPETUAL TRUSTEE COMPANY LIMITED.
RICH J.
O' COiiJ'OR
v.
PERPE'fUA.L TRUS!'E:E COM'PA;,;y
(L"!'D.)
1
RICH J,
/.s I diffe1· from the
judgn,e~t
of the le.;:.rned Chief
Judge in Equity I shall briefly state my reasons for so doing.
The appeal ia concerned in effect with the construction of two clauses contained in the
~vill
of SJ.muel Barbar.
The relevant
clauses are " I give and devise unto the said George Thomas Hunt and
"H~mry James Barber or the survivor of them or the heirs executors or
"administrators of such survivo1· all that my block of property at the
"corneL' of George and Church
S~1·eeta
Pa.rraznatta aforesaid UPON TRUi'J: to
"receive the rents issues and profits thereof and out of such proceeds
,,
to pay to my dear wife Margaret Barber the yearly sum of
-~hree
hundred
and sixty tour pounds by equal quarterly payments for and during the
,,
term of heJ: natural life or so long as she remains my widow but in tle
11 event of her intermarrying after my decease then that the annual pay11rnent to be made to her shall be forthwith reduced to the sum of 'J:hree
"huzldred pounds ad !u:tther to _pay out of the said rents issue a and pro-
a.
t\"
;fits UNTO my d:iughter Icey Brita.nnii Johnson Barber the yearly sum of one
11
hundred and fifty pounds by equal gu9-rterly payments for and during the
"term of' her naturs.l life or until the decease of her" mother my as.id wife
"Margaret Barber e,nd from and im:l!ediately after her decease I DIRECT that
"the said block of land be sold One half of the proo,eda to be invested
" 11
for or paid over to my dear daughter Icey Britannia Johnson Barber and
"the other half be equally divided between ruy children then surviving".
"I DECLARE th9.t i f any of my child.ren herein named shall
"predecease me leaving i13sue 1 or depart this life before diatri but ion of
"my estate leaving issue such isi3ue ah.'111 t:::.ke (if more than one child in
"equal shares and proportions and if but one that one alone) the share or
"sha.rea respectively of their -deceased parent or p::>.renta but I direct that /l.f!
"proceeds of the two hundred acres pf land directed to be sold shall be
"if any of the parties benefitting therebsr depart this life before sale is
"completed thereof divided between the survivors of the seven persons to
"whom I. have bequeathed the proceeds of such aa.le 11
•
The first clause taken alone is clear and d~J finite
I"
enough.
Provision is made during the life ovtesta torts widow for the
payment out of the renta etc. of certain annuities: a vested
reu~der
is
given to Icey Barber (the appe,llant) and a contingent remainder to
testator's children surviving hie widow.
In the events which have happen-
ed the appelhnt. is entitled to the whole of the proceeds of the land in
question unless the later clause is applicable to the former clause and
operates to divest the interest so clearly and specifically .given.
clause in queayion is in two
p~rta.
The
The first part is somewhat analogous
to the lapse clause section 29 of the Willa Probate and Administration Act
1898.
The other part with which we are concerned is intended to prevent
the )lapse of children's share's
a~ter
the testator's death.
If the clause
be read literally full effect being given to the actual language used, it
is found that it is expressed to be
applic~ble
to gifts to
end in which such children take property. in Sha,rea.
~~children
The language of the
clause, read literally, has no application except to the oase where a
child has become entitled to a share, and it operates therefore as a dives·
ing clause.
According to its literal mes.ning it has no application to
4.
the case where a child never becomes entitled to a. share at o.ll.
If
the clause be read in its conteAt in the will it is found to follow the
l'esiduary devise, which is iwmediately preceded by the devise of the Dog
Trap Road property.
These are the only two
~ispoaitions
of the will to
which the clause in question actually ;:...nd exactly applies if no word in
it be read in any forced or unnatural sense.
The express exclusion by
the testator of the devise of the Dog Trap Road property from the
oper~­
tion of the clause leaved the residuary devise the only provision of the
will to which the clause '~ocording to its actual significance applies •
Is there, then, anything in the will rea·i aa a whole which leads .to the
conclusion that the language of the clause should be extended beyond ita
nat·l;lral meaning eo
&9
to give effect to an intention discove.rable from
the whole will, to bring within its scope a clause under which ·children
have not become entitled to shares of property a.nd under
children to take are not named?
-~hich
In my opinion there ie not.
the
I have al-
ready indicated that the contingent gift contained in the devise of the
George and Church Streets property is not a gift to children named (the
testator
could not anticipate which of them would survive his widow)
5.
no share is given to children which, the issue ce.n be a.1.id to tal:.e.
opinion seems to'be in accordamoe with a previous decision on this
relating to the residuary devise which
W!ls
not brought to
th~
atten-
tion of the learned Chief Judge in Equity.
For these reasons
Iag~ee
that the appeal should be allowed.
RIGGINS J.;
r~·
. ·.In tho
,.
:
n~n.tli 'lr.b.ioh. ha-vo ha.pp&n:cd. to wh.o~t~ vn _th• oczl.Btruotion
.
.
ot.•, tho p%o.verty
.
pay th4 ·ca.p13l
tn.s•
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'·
pa.rticul~
.
,.
.
:tn Ohu.rch
proi-u:u:ty
. . _.. aeviuod
b·r
and. Georg•
atreete Pt.\Ji.tta l•·-.;.
the will.: to !boBf.Ui
-
4
nu.n t
•
and.
.
~. :. h.•t-lite o;untii.tl'it
'·'i
ct
t\0ath. :of·thw- ll\114 the Propait1·•au\iireot0d ·
'
~-;.
'.
.
4.411B.th tiM
'
wua an
.
infan~ an-d. th• -otll•:t halt' of tho
ot.}U&llY
cU:ridod
betwee•
th11
.
.
.
.
t~.t•;sta.tor'•·
.
. uqtil. tbGJ 4-0s.th ot tho wid.cw the
~~~ to, 'WI
children _,h•n 1 ftn'ivf.:n,;a.nd
.
t~S'Oflel'il
ri"1t.C/v
ot
pi'OOOOd:3
.
w•r• to ·dividti tho
b(.\].~~.noe.
.
th.o· r{lnts b•tween th• d.aughtors Lydia a.nd ·!tuthJ
/1
4'\\
f/l..t..
.
(t.lil.t•~: Tht wid.olf dhdA 16th Oet lrt~s,~ a.ll tho otllt:t oh.ild:r.-n('i:bo in
l ' '
~t'·~;th•~
11a1£ on tha
g:tound~~:th;:a.t un•
;a~t
1a
tll$ GnlY. :onild ct tb.a
t••ta-tc~
---·
•,
auniving ut t'!'~Cl. wi.tto·;rta {.)o~l.th.
,,. -&ubfit1tut1onary
-provit~ian
at th.rl
t~nd
ot tht will--•·
fjt.d.~ -n:. f!1t. ~ J
....
tl:!f~~ ~ A-!<.ll.- ~(/
t~l d•ola.ro tha.t if any ot· my ob.1ld.nn hu·ein namt~d.!lDha.l~ predeoeaa•
.
i~
1_
lea:"'-nS issu•.,auoll ieau• shall take(tf mot• tha.n. on• oh1l4 tA tQil&l
.,
'· ·a.haroa and
pto~ortion•
ana 1.f but olio that one &lone-)th• Bhare or atta.re•
.
Whom. l ha:T• 'b•qu.~tliod.- th1J ·p:t"ooe•dl!J of nob. sal.o \•·:. ·
'
//p
D.t
aoQ
e.ores hero ratenoA.A l1a4 "De8n in. a pl.'•vlGtlll- pari ot '&11.•· w1J.
.
•" If. ;;:,~ _,: .:
;-~~:rea
•
.
..
.
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~~
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whOdlhw.l4 survive tno _colYl.Pltttion or the
~~&a.lesand.
the. qu.oation ie,
~,D
:. did he17-.1 tor or "JlrA-11.1'1 hill 1nt•nt1on ae to tb• prorJ•rt1 now in question
.
'80.· tba.'tl th.t ohild.ron of a.ny ohild not f1 then Pun1ving•· at the distribution
.
' 4oee not. &ppl)" to 'th•, ua.ao .of tho ob.ildren ot the t•ata.,&r eo d1e4
~:tor•
'
.: ;••lr
••eat· to llh:lch •uat:r1wt1Q.tt
of
..
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.
.
th•· ••tat•~' 4&11
'*
nfer -.at·. ba· c.-. ad
~
· ...
·,·.
'to euo'll c:aet• aa :re U:Q'I'4flltitl\ 1ft truata(l'
fund Vola
'be<vJ.•~Uhed
·n r
.
& .3 -&'14). h
th&t c~ar; a
.
'
".o :tl•ph•ws and ·nieoea 'lb.c should bt living at
.
the
.~-~~
.IJ:<ii
'!!.J)I..th...,£~J..J;li~_l\?{~~~..19L,but tt~,u~ "m~n a. dir~at.ion tJ:aat in th~ .;;JiiLlllO
ttt,pi:t~d.;rn4
ai.eoee. d..ie4 botore tl•o .-:t4tooto:ra' year had
l
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•
•
t-
•
•
11 .of'
the
ct:
thO
~epb.ewa
•
ud n1e'Qoa h~l 41od 3.f~t!:. tJt~ ~x>toutu;s'. year• V:Loo-.Olaanc•llo:r Xiud.GNl.tDy•
•' "
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AJ;lil. Grt.. a.p,)~l.. til•
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lise:;~~
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J1taUot:uJ(l.Jord. Jaet1ce. Xnia~t· B:ru4e· :Q;t· a.ll. ovont.l)•
.
,..
.'ttl*.,=~:t•11•
.liable t·u be divGm-ted cnl" on illteatt; _be,ton
tllo
. .
.
. . '.
. .t&.spi:ra.1tcrau'
.
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ot 12
··"'·"'·.:··-'
:
i
td.st&h.-. o'f the o.:c.eonto:r:a the- fund BAY no' b.av•
.
b~
actuallY d!atributed.
I,
Jtowaya:r.en ounoe
'"':.th:
&
ot a.tteation to
the·paniet~lu
hua4re4~ft1!h' ot ~authoritt•a~' u
t tb.mk,.ta
~
~
rill in queat1or.r :S»
to other will•:., ~· ~eaii
to •tate SUJIIl&rily the pro"fia1ona of tlda
•1,.
n.u:
I
·Jbe tllHo u•cutoM e.ro \o aoll tho •he•p oa the atati10li..u.d1·oa
*•
J%oct8ec1a ef htJ.f,the tosta.tor•• d~bt$. etc· are cb.B.rgod..'
All th• fum:ttu~o,mon•ya.,eto·
a.r•
&iTa
to the
wict.o•~·
Ylta ~u aha.reo art &1TtL\ to. tho(:lnfant)dau&httr :toey..t
D.e :r•li4enc& at Guild:l!'o:tfl with 75 ·ae:res 1a devised to the widow
L•.••- .......................
.....
.aa_,
Uyrtl~ cottage
.
Yb.e rDaiO.U•
~Mltl.llll'il pa.id
..
ia siv~n tQ I;oi~
ot
thO r•U 11e-ta.t• 1#
rde'!f1Sf4
:"'
Ul0lt.JIB1if.i·•
..
t~·· Wi4CW1 at.l.d ~-.
.
.
..
-to ~1\.m •on a..oam1nt of Jr~.y «~stat•·~ All. d$'tt1G~us M<i beque$ttl
.
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.
[.~J.;q. •~t~~t:&! ,~1c. WJ.t~i~~.:n:r.l!!et us ,.,) Q:~,eet
'
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'
1~11!iell·
.
.
~· 11!-d.l.t Gf the :proa.ae4iil ot t.'la vro;,.>erty. .notr 1rl q,u•aticm ~ ~c•.
hd. to
..
tm« aQ• oae
to;
..
~nd.t~·oeaq mt l"Ving i:SSUO.
~
.
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·.
_.&n-fl Olkild:tll~ -~~DO. 48~tt this. lif'4
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