What makes 400VDC
to an attractive power
alternative for data
centers?
2014-09-04
Data Center Forum, Moscow
Marek Szpek
Business Development EMEA
© Emerson Network Power AB 2012. All rights reserved throughout the world. The
information in this document is the property of Emerson Network Power AB. Except as
authorized by Emerson Network Power AB in a written document, those receiving this
document shall keep all the information contained herein confidential, and shall protect
the same from disclosure and dissemination to third parties. While every precaution
has been taken to ensure accuracy and completeness in this document, Emerson
Network Power AB assumes no responsibility, and disclaims all liability for damages
resulting from use of this information or for any errors or omissions. This information in
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Selection of 400V DC Sites
Syracuse University
Netpower Labs AB
380V DC
(several sites)
350V/380V DC
Nextek
380V DC
Green.Ch
380V DC
France Telecom
380V DC
SAP
380V DC
France Telecom
380V DC
Intel
380V DC
NTT Group
(several sites)
380V/400V DC
Univ. California
380V DC
Several Japan Sites
Clustered
Systems
300V/350V DC
380V DC
North American
Telecom
Duke Energy
China Mobile
380V DC
380V DC
380V DC
Visa
Telecom
Data Center
China Telecom
380V DC
Buildings / Microgrids
European
Telecom
OEM
380V DC
380V DC
Emerson power equipment
© 2014 Emerson Network Power Intellectual Property. All rights reserved
2
IBM
Singapore
240V/380V DC
380V DC
Vendor participants include:
HP, IBM, EMC, Fujitsu, Hitachi, NEC
Availability in 400VDC and AC-UPS
 Mains failure; battery is connected directly
to the load
 Mains failure; Battery supplies power only if
 28 x 12V battery blocks
 40 x 12V battery blocks
 Simple control scheme,
only one parameter (DC voltage)
 Complex control scheme; voltage, frequency,
phase, waveform
 Battery provides a hard source for safe &
reliable fault clearing (high batt. current at
short circuit =short clearing time)
 Soft source makes fault clearing less effective
(longer clearing time at short circuit due to
lower inverter output current vs. batt. curent)
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no malfunction on inverter or static switch
3
Basic differences in DC and AC
mind set and approach
DC-UPS
AC-UPS
Load
AC
Load
AC
- 2N (single big system)
- Grid/Diesel = Safety Line
- By-pass to AC at fail or maintenance
- Redundancy at maintenance/failure in focus
- N+1
- Battery = Safety Line
- Any unit to be replaced in on-line operation
- Availability in primary focus
4
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Basic UPS Module configurations
Source:
© 2014 Emerson Network Power Intellectual Property. All rights reserved
5
BICSI, Class F1 and Class F2 with DC-UPS
Class F1 – Single Power Path
Class F2 – Redudant Components
6
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BICSI, Class F3 and Class F4 with DC-UPS
Class F3 – Dual Path: Concurrently Maintainable
Class F4 – Dual Path: Fault Tolerant
7
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Cascade Effect in Power
Consumption

Power Consumption: 100 W System
IT load
Load
Load
100
W
Total
275
W
Room
cooling
system
70W
Serve
r fans
15W
UPS
+PDU
20W
PUE =
Source: Intel Corporation
PSU
50W
Total Facility Energy
IT Equipment Energy
VR
20W
(12V/5V,<5V)
=
275W
185W
= 1.5
8
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8
End-to-end efficiency comparison
230VAC
Server
AC
AC-UPS efficiency 50% load, no isolation transf.
a. Double Conversion, market average
92-94%
b. Emerson Trinergy, Double Conversion op. eff. 95,6%
Total distribution,
average efficiency 98%
End-to-end efficiency, double conversion: Market Average
Emerson Trinergy
AC/DC efficiency,
market average 90%-93%
0,93 x 0,980 x 0,915 = 83,4%
0,956 x 0,980 x 0,915 = 85,72%
DC
(400V)
DC-UPS efficiency 96,5%
(50% load, mains isolated)
End-to end efficiency
Total distribution average eff. 99%
DC/DC efficiency 91%-95%
0,965 x 0,99 x 0,93 = 88,85%
Total saving 5% - 8% with 400VDC (cascade effect, mains isolation)
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Emerson Network Power, Energy Systems; Proprietary and Confidential Information.
N+1 redudancy in DC attractive
alternative to 2N
-
High overall availability
-
Power available even if single unit (rectifier,
controller, distribution c.b.) fails
-
Dual power distribution path A and B
-
If controller fails the rectifiers operate at
their default setting
10
Emerson Network Power, Energy Systems; Proprietary and Confidential Information.
A
B
More simple site lay-out with 400VDC
11
Emerson Network Power, Energy Systems; Proprietary and Confidential Information.
StarLine DC Solutions, 400VDC
Busway from Universal Electric
415V AC @ 400A = 287kVA/258kW (0.9pf)
380V DC @ 400A = 152kVA X 2 = 304kVA/Kw (1.0pf)
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400V Power Chain Infrastructure
Availability
DC Power
System
DC Load
Breaker
Emerson
ABB
ABB
Distribution
Busway
Rack PDU
Cord
Connector
API Technologies
Carling
Univ Elec /
Starline
ServerTech
Anderson
Power Products
Eltek
Schneider
PDI*
Echola Systems*
Hubbel
Delta*
Nader
Eaton*
Delta*
Siemens
Siemens*
Fujitsu*
ICT Load
HP – DL, ML, SL rack
mount servers
IBM – some X and Z
Rong Feng / Delta series; additional
products underway
Fujitsu*
Juniper – EX.. And
GFX.. switches
Ericsson* –
development underway
* Pre-production
products or in
development
Cisco* – UCS platform
compatibility underway
400V DC Ecosystem Has Progressed
Significantly Over Last Year
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400V DC Server Availability
 HP
‒
HP sees 400V DC market potential and is investing in compatible products
‒
HP now offers 400V DC input in their common slot power supply for rack mount devices:
ProLiant (DL, ML, SL), Storage, etc; support for c7000 blade by end of 2014
‒
Next generation (G9) of products will also include 400V power supplies
(500, 800, and 1200W) for 45+ Server, Storage and Switch products
 IBM:
‒
Some X and Z series available today; Flex blade center support and rack mount common
slot power supplies in 2014
 Juniper: EX and QFX series top of rack switches with 850W common slot power available
 Huawei: working on complete IT portfolio
 Cisco: UCS platform compatibility in development
 NEI: catalog products available today, 1U and 2U servers
 Supermicro: 2 servers models available for trial
 Dell: early stages of 400V investigation
Increased Availability of 400V DC Loads
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© 2014 Emerson Network Power Intellectual Property. All rights reserved
120kW 400V DC Power System
Power
Module
Bulk Output
Distribution
to feed
A and B
Distribution
Panels or
other Output
Controls
Distribution
Module
Highlights:
 120kW base system; bulk or integrated output
 97% peak efficiency
 15kW hot-swappable rectifier modules
 High-Resistance Midpoint Ground
configuration
 cUL/CE 60950 Listed
 Designed to meet NEBS
A
Features:
 Expand with additional 120kW modules
(2nd phase)
 Available battery cabinets
 Top or bottom rack cable entry
 2000mm x 600mm x 1100mm footprint
B
B
Rectifiers
AC Input
15
© 2014 Emerson Network Power Intellectual Property. All rights reserved
400V DC Summary
•
400V DC power reduces complexity and increases availability
compared to traditional AC power

Lower TCO
– N+1 good enough vs. 2N in many cases (fault tolerant modularity)
– No bypass/STS/paralleling equipment
– No UPS output switchboard

Higher overall efficiency
•
400V DC Eco-system continues to develop
400V DC Power Technology
Improves Power Architectures in Data Center & Telecom Sites
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