International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 11, Number 4 (2016) pp 2518-2521
© Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com
Power Quality Improvement in Hybrid Power System: Review
M Vivek
Research scholar, EEE, Periyar Maniammai University, Vallam, Thanjavur, India
Dr. P. K. Srividhya
Professor, Department of Mechancial Engineering, Periyar Maniammai University, Vallam, Thanjavur, India
Dr. K. Sujatha
Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Dr. M. G. R. University, Maduravoyal, Chennai, India
common coupling was defined by international standards [6].
The PQ was improved by controlling the excitation and input
power of the synchronous generator. The bacteria foraging
optimization technique with PID controller was used [7]. An
Active Power Filters (APF) used to compensate the current
harmonics and load unbalance [8] in a hybrid power system. A
hybrid filter topology is formed by an active power filter of series
connection and a passive filter of parallel connection and the
compensated system behaves as a resistive network even in a
reactive, nonlinear, or unbalanced circuit. The simulation results
were carried out using MATLAB [9]. Generally sugar industries
were using D. C Drives for VFDs, instead of D. C Drives
replaced by A. C. Drives and the effect of harmonic analysis was
carried out of Samarth Co-Operative Sugar Factory, Ankush
Nager, Hahakala, Jalna and it concludes that the harmonic level
has been reduced at 10A from 154A. Similarly the values of load
kW, P. F., was carried out for the same industry [10].
The conventional SYPWM based controller controls the real and
reactive power supplied by the DG (Distributed Generation) at
the PCC and to deliver current at unity power factor at PCC [11].
PI and FUZZY controller have been controls the harmonic parts
of the load current and maintain the source voltage and current
in-phase [12]. A series active filter and a passive filter connected
in parallel with load and it was verified experimental and proto
type with the help of MATLAB [13]. A shunt active filter and
distributed passive filters used to improve the power quality in
PV power generating systems and it provides voltage stability
and automatic load sharing capability and the output was verified
with the help of PSCAD /EMTDC[14], [15]. The location of a
wind turbine affects from the voltage in a remote wind-diesel
system. The case was done in Cartwright, Labrador, Canada. And
it concludes that the voltage and frequency was varied due to the
addition of wind turbines and find out the suitable placement of
wind turbines in local grids [16].
Hybrid filters were used to minimize the power quality impact
using matrix converters in power systems and the result was
found out with the help of Mat lab [17]. Motor-Generator model
was used instead of using static converters in the combination of
Photo Voltaic (PV) cell System, Wind turbine system, Fuel cell
(FC), and Battery systems for power generation, and to improve
PQ in both islanding mode and grid connected mode [18]. A
hybrid solar and wind power plant was designed, and the
efficiency of the power plant could be improved by using power
electronics and electric energy storage devices [19]. “Dual
formulation of the electric power vectorial theory” was used to
eliminate the current harmonics of supply in a three-phase hybrid
series power filter connected in parallel with the load. It also
improves the power factor and harmonic compensation and the
result was carried out by MATLAB [20].
AbstractIndia is one of the developing countries in this world. The
developing country generally facing so many problems such as
food, hospitality, poverty energy etc... India is also suffering due
to the lagging of electric energy generation. Due to the strange
growth of the energy consumers the requirement of energy also
increases. Hence to meet the energy demand energy sector
focuses to produce power from various energy sources such as
Micro grids, Renewable Energy, Hybrid power generation etc.,.
Hybrid power generation is one of the sources to meet the
demand. But there are several problems arising to implement
hybrid power system such as protection, synchronization, power
quality etc... This review article focuses the various issues and
the solution of power quality in hybrid / grid connected power
systems.
Keywords: Power quality, HPC, APF, PID Controllers, FACTS
device, PSO, Optimization
INTRODUCTION
Development of a country is denoted as the per capital
consumption of Electrical energy. Generally the developing
country has to meet the energy demand to implement new
technologies to increase the power generation. Power quality is
one of the major problems such type of implementation. Poor
power quality is creating more problems /impacts such as
equipment damages, product damages; economic losses etc.,
Implementing multinational companies in Nigeria are loose
around 50, 000 dollars every year for equipment damages due to
the poor consideration of power quality [1]. Indian economy is
also affect due to the outage of the power quality issues around
110 dollars to 180 dollars relative with US power quality issues
[2]. This article focused the deep survey on the existing power
quality improvement techniques in deep manner and which helps
to find and improves future development of solutions to mitigate
power quality issues.
LITERATURE SURVEY
This paper presents a review work carried out on power quality
issues in detail [3]. The power quality problems, issues, related
international standard, and effect of power quality problem in
different apparatuses and methods for its correction [4] under
minimum dc operation voltage in traction power supplies for a
hybrid power quality compensator (HPQC) is discussed and it
reduced operation voltage and the output of the system was
verified through prototype model and the experimental results
[5]. The harmonic elimination of the system at the point of
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International Journal of Applied Engineering Research ISSN 0973-4562 Volume 11, Number 4 (2016) pp 2518-2521
© Research India Publications. http://www.ripublication.com
The performance analysis of SAPF control strategy specifically
instantaneous real active and reactive power method (p-q) was
used for extracting reference currents of shunt active filters under
unbalanced load condition. The simulated results validate the
significance of instantaneous real active and reactive power (p-q)
control strategy in achieving an effective harmonic compensation
under unbalanced load conditions and it was achieved by using
shunt active filter technique [21]. The combined operation of
UPQC and it present the combination of series and shunt
inverters, PV array and WECS connected to DC link. It mitigates
the voltage sag, swell, harmonics and voltage interruption and it
was verified by MATLAB [22]. And the effect of impedance on
the power factor of the designed system. Combinations of the
load inductive and resistive are taken in the experiment. Different
values of the inductance are taken from 269. 1 mH to 1232. 0 mH
with resistance 124 Ω. It concludes the minimum and maximum
values of power factor was obtained by 0. 305and 0. 829 [23] and
0. 358 and 0. 987 [24].
It presents the design, simulation and development of passive
shunt filter and shunt hybrid power filter (SHPF) for mitigation
of the power quality problem at ac mains in ac-dc power supply
feeding to a nonlinear load. And the result was calculated and
compared with various harmonic compensation characteristic of
the shunt hybrid power filter [25]. The implementation of higherorder spectra to online measurement instruments to measure the
frequency, harmonics and voltage sag, swell etc., [26]. The paper
presents data analysis of power flows within hybrid power
system in detailed manner from the distribution networks [27]. A
pulse width modulation voltage source inverter (PWM-VSI) is
connected between sources and the load, which supplies energy
from a hybrid solar wind energy system to the ac grid. Computer
simulation results are presented to verify the performance of the
proposed PWM-VSI by using PSpice software [28]. This paper
describes different power quality problems in distribution
systems and their solutions with power electronics based
equipment. Different power circuits topologies and control
scheme for each type of active power filter are analyzed. The
compensation characteristics of each topology with the respective
control scheme are proved by simulation and experimentally
[29]. It improves the source of power factor to unity and it
provides reactive power compensation and reduces the source
harmonics. The simulation results of a three phase shunt hybrid
active power filter are presented to verify the effectiveness of
SHAPF in power quality enhancement [30]. Power factor
improvement in a typical industrial plant was studied with the
help of a case study and concludes suitable power factor
correction equipments [31].
It mitigates current harmonics and analyzes the compensation
characteristics of cascaded multilevel inverter based on shunt
hybrid active power filter by employing indirect current control
algorithm. The source current harmonic distortion is reduced to 2.
93% from its original. The simulation work is carried out of
MATLAB [32]. The Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)
maximum power point tracking (MPPT) scheme has been used to
force the PV generation to reach the maximum power operation.
It eliminates the harmonic components from the primary (grid)
winding of the transformer [33]. Inductive loads in a sugar mill
are investigated and suitable power factor improvement
capacitors are recommended. The effect of low power factor on
distribution losses and KVA Demand was analyzed [34].
A hybrid power compensator is discussed and the comparative
analysis of traction system with and without HPC and it
eliminates the power quality problems [35]. By injecting
generated power from RES to the grid, the Shunt Active Power
Filter (SAPF) which is compensate the current unbalance
specifically with the current harmonics for non-linear unbalanced
load at the point of common coupling appears as balanced linear
load to the grid [36] a three phase Shunt Hybrid Active Filter
(SHAF) topology for harmonic reduction and power factor
improvement in low voltage power distribution systems using
synchronous reference frame theorem [37]. A PI controller was
generating reference current to mitigate the harmonics and
neutral current for two different topologies. The Analysis and
simulation of three phase four wire shunt active power filter
under balanced and unbalanced load condition had been verified
by using MATLAB/ SIMULINK [38]. A Z-source inverter fed
with wind power generation system, using hybrid active power
filter for reactive power compensation, THD, power factor. And
the wind power generation system is designed [39] and it is
discussed with the case study of sugar mill. And found that the
induction motors having a power factor of 0. 8, has a potential to
improve the power factor to 0. 95, by installing suitable power
factor improvement capacitors. [40]. P-Q theory control
algorithm was applied to harmonic voltage injection and
harmonic current injection and also it improves the behavior of
the passive filter. The combination of series active and shunt
active power filter is measured ant it was verified by using
MATLAB [41].
This paper focuses the Power quality improvement of Standalone
Hybrid power generation employing solar power and Wind
power using FACTS devices and also demonstrates the use of
FACTS device towards the Improvement of Power Quality by the
removal of harmonics at voltage level [42]. The vectorial theory
dual formulation of instantaneous reactive power algorithm was
used and it concludes that it improves the behavior of the passive
filter [43]. The Hysteresis current controller is implemented in
the place of PWM generator to remove waveforms distortion at
very small level and Prototype model was designed [44]. A
photovoltaic (PV) based dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) was
used to mitigate voltage sags and swells. When the utility grid
fails to supply it will operate as an Uninterruptable power supply
and the simulation study is carried out using MATLAB [45].
Total Harmonic Distortion is measured using Fast Fourier
Transform and the hybrid filter will mitigate the reactive power
compensation. The model of the solar and fuel cell integration to
the grid was designed with the help of MATLAB [46]. Solar,
wind, diesel, fuel energy are combined and analyzed that the
power output of the hybrid model is higher and more efficient
when compare to the existing power system than the power
output of the wind/PV hybrid model [47].
CONCLUSION
By implementing the hybrid power system power quality is
played as a major role and the harmonic elimination is one of the
most important issues in it. From this study was used to found the
existing problems and suitable solutions. As of, it concludes that
the most of the researchers focused harmonic elimination by
using a variety of methods and algorithms.
The existing research works are maximum deals with the
combination of wind-solar, wind-Diesel, wind-fuel cell and
eliminates the harmonics voltage sag swell. And the simulation
works are carried out with the help of MATLAB/SIMULINK.
And the study was used to find out the advanced power quality
improvement techniques with different kinds of hybrid power
systems.
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