Uniclass
CI/SfB
(52.3)
L7315
X
August 2007
LEADING THE PRECAST INDUSTRY SINCE 1919
PRECAST
CONCRETE FLOORING
This Bison precast concrete flooring document is a comprehensive product and
technical guide designed for Structural Engineers, Civil Engineers, Specifiers
and Contractors.
It provides a range of products and solutions to choose from and is supported by
technical details, specifications and design guidelines/considerations for Part A,
Part E and Part L.
2
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CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
PAGES 0 - 7
COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS
01
HOUSING PRODUCTS SINGLE OCCUPANCY
02
HOUSING PRODUCTS MULTIPLE OCCUPANCY
03
COMPOSITE STEEL BEAM DESIGN
04
BUILDING REGULATIONS
05
SPECIFICATIONS & HEALTH AND SAFETY
06
RELATED PRODUCTS
07
BISON ONLINE
08
PAGES 08 - 23
PAGES 24 - 29
PAGES 30 - 39
PAGES 40 - 41
PAGES 42 - 57
PAGES 58 - 61
PAGES 62 - 63
PAGES 64
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BISON
LEADING THE PRECAST INDUSTRY SINCE 1919
Excellent customer service, investment in research and development and an
unrivalled understanding of market needs are just some of the reasons we
have been ahead of the field for so long.
RESOURCE and Capacity
Innovation
The largest production capacity across four manufacturing
Over the last seven years, Bison has invested £50 million
plants throughout the UK, with Certificates of Assessed
to ensure that our customers continue to benefit from
Capability, awarded by the British Standards Institution.
innovative approaches to production, installation and service.
We can boast a number of unique developments such as
mechanically inserted Lifting Hooks and the Trailasafe® fall
arrest system.
4
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Sustainability
DESIGN SUPPORT
With Bison products, you can be certain that all materials
Bison’s in-house
have been produced in conditions designed to have as little
team represents
impact on the environment as possible. Swadlincote is the
the very best
most environmentally friendly factory of its kind in
in the industry
the world.
and is on hand
to give design
Customer Driven
advice for any
Our investment is focused on meeting and exceeding
project, large
customer expectations. Bison customers in all the sectors
or small. They can help identify the optimal solution for
we serve know that they can rely on us for outstanding
your project, whether this means using one of our many
technical support, reliability and the highest quality product.
precision-made steel moulds, or taking the bespoke
approach with a custom-made casting.
Customer SERVICE
The Bison service team provide comprehensive support,
Designs are produced in our centralised production
from estimating to production and a contract team who
planning department and downloaded to the factory
install the products on site. Wherever you are in the UK,
machines by wireless link.
Bison’s nationwide coverage ensures that support is
never far away.
The Bison Precast Floor Designer software can assist with
the design of many Bison products including Hollow Core
slab units, Composite Hollowcore slab units and Solid
Composite slab units.
5
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BISON CONCRETE FLOOR TYPES
Bison Concrete Floors are prestressed precast
concrete slabs used in all building types
Bison Concrete Floors are manufactured using a long line casting technique
with automatic casting equipment which places high strength, low water/
cement ratio concrete under a high degree of vibration and compaction.
BISON HOLLOW CORE
& SOLID FLOORS
BISON HOLLOW
COMPOSITE FLOORS
Widely used in masonry, steel and concrete structures for
A combination of the Bison Hollow Core Slab with a structural
domestic, commercial and industrial buildings. The most
concrete topping. This type of floor gives the benefit of an
economic flooring solution for the widest variety of situations,
increased structural performance with an enhanced lateral
providing the maximum benefits of speed of construction.
load distribution where necessary for heavy point loads.
The floor may be designed in the unpropped or partially
propped condition to suit particular requirements.
6
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BISON CONCRETE FLOOR TYPES
BISON SOLID
COMPOSITE FLOORS
THE BISON
SOUND SLAB
Combines the advantages of a precast, prestressed
The Bison Sound Slab has been specially developed to
element acting compositely with an in-situ concrete
provide an economic and structurally efficient means of
structural topping to form a solid slab. The prestressed
satisfying the requirements of Part E Sound Regulations.
element, whilst eliminating the need for conventional
shuttering, provides a structural performance far superior
to normally reinforced concrete.
Floor Heating and
Cooling Systems
As the conservation of energy continues to be a major
LIFTING HOOKS
issue surrounding the environment, Bison has entered into
All Bison Precast Concrete Floors are available with
a strategic partnership with velta UK. With over 35 years’
inserted lifting hooks. For more information see section
experience, velta have been responsible for some of the
‘Related Products’, pages 62 & 63.
industry’s most important innovations in floor heating
and cooling systems and now offers the widest range of
INSULATED HOLLOW CORE
GROUND FLOORS
solutions specifically designed to meet the requirements of
The system consists of expanded polystyrene (EPS) bonded
to provide an innovative, sustainable and cost effective floor
to the soffit of Hollow Core units and formed to provide
heating and cooling system which is precast in to Bison
special end and side bearing support where required.
flooring products providing off site manufacturing benefits.
each individual project. Bison and velta have joined forces
7
7
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MARKET APPLICATIONS
COMMERCIAL/
INDUSTRIAL
Bison has a prolonged proven track record
within commercial / industrial markets and
produces a range of products and solutions
for many different floor applications.
This encompasses shops, shopping precincts, multi-storey car parks, office
developments, factories and warehouses.
However, the types of constructional components used in these buildings are
also often specified for large public developments such as schools
and hospitals.
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MARKET APPLICATIONS
HOUSING
HOUSING
SINGLE OCCUPANCY
HOUSING
MULTIPLE OCCUPANCY
In traditional single-occupancy housing, individual Bison
Similarly for multiple-occupancy housing, individual
products can solve particular problems for the designer, arising
Bison products can solve particular problems.
from site conditions, constructional constraints or the Building
Regulations, including Part E, Part A and Part L.
Bison has a sustained track record and reputation within
the multiple occupancy market. A range of floor solutions
and products provide the architect and the structural
engineer with flexibility in design as well as satisfying the
Building Regulations, particularly with reference to sound
attenuations (Part E), Thermal Performance (Part L) and
Structural Robustness (Part A).
9
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COMMERCIAL / INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
THE BENEFITS
DESIGN
Structural Efficiency
Extra Long Spans
A Hollow Core slab offers the ideal structural section by
Factory made prestressed units offer the design benefit of
reducing deadweight while providing the maximum structural
long span units for given depths. This avoids the need for
efficiency within the slab depth.
intermediate supports and provides an economically light
solution throughout the entire structure. The Bison long span
Flexibility of Design Approach
450mm-deep unit can span in excess of 16 metres.
Precast floors are available with a variety of factory-formed
notches, slots and reinforcement arrangements which offer
various design approaches.
MANUFACTURING
Factory produced to Rigorous Quality Standards
Shelf Angle Bearing
Because precast floors are factory produced, they are
Slab ends can be notched during manufacture to facilitate a
manufactured in an environment which is more readily
bearing within the depth of a main steel support.
controlled than a building site. Quality control systems are
This minimises storey height, causing substantial cost
properly implemented and are independently examined on a
benefits from reduced cladding, lower internal fittings and
regular basis under the British Standards Institution Quality
other related peripherals.
Assurance Scheme, BS EN ISO 9001 approved.
Diaphragm Action
Fire Resistance
Precast floor slabs are structurally grouted to provide a
Standard precast floors can be supplied with a fire resistance
floor with full diaphragm action, as required in most
of up to two hours. Periods in excess of this can be provided
multi–storey frameworks.
with modified sections if required.
Preformed Site Services
Finished Soffits
Precast floors can be provided with factory formed service
Precast floors are manufactured on high quality steel beds
holes, thus avoiding laborious setting out and shuttering
and, in appropriate cases, are suitable for direct decoration.
on site.
Exposed soffits can easily be accommodated.
CONSTRUCTION
Minimum In-situ Concrete
Immediate Unpropped Working Platform
With a precast floor, a lot of the work is done off site. This
Once a precast floor is erected, it is immediately available
eliminates what can be complex, time-consuming and
as a working platform. In comparison, steel deck systems
weather-affected site work.
can present problems in achieving level surfaces while
concrete is being poured, and in enabling access while in
Speed of Erection
the propped condition.
Time-consuming activities such as propping, shuttering
and concrete-pouring are virtually eliminated.
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SECTION
01
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
CASE STUDIES
COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
AND CAR PARKS
The office block shown is the British Gas offices in
Solihull, West Midlands. This is a typical commercial
application where the structural form consists of a
steel frame with 7.5 x 8.7m bays and 200mm precast
Hollow Core units spanning 7.5m. A total of 9100m2
of precast units were used and 40m3 of precast stair.
Multi storey car park in Nuneaton where 10,000m2 of
150mm deep Hollow Core floor units and 67m3 of precast
stair units was used to provide excellent durability and
performance in a busy, robust car park environment.
RETAIL DEVELOPMENTS
The IKEA outlet in Manchester is constructed using
a steel frame with precast unit floors. Over 40,000m2
of 200mm deep Hollow Core precast floor units were
used in the construction. The grid reflected the use
of car park, retail and offices on different floors.
Drake Circus Shopping Centre located in Plymouth
used 19,000m 2 across a combination of Hollow Core
floor profiles from 200mm up to 450mm deep.
HOSPITAL & STADIA
DEVELOPMENTS
Pictured is a hospital in Exeter constructed using
a steel frame structure with 200mm and 300mm
deep Hollow Core units used to span up to 9m. This
provided flexibility in span lengths and optimised
design for the applied loads over 4,250m 2 floor area
throughout.
Millennium Stadium in Cardiff used over 48,000m2 of
precast Hollow Core floor units and over 380 precast
stair units.
11
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COMMERCIAL / INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
UNIT PROFILES
150mm Sound Slab unit profile
75mm unit profile
100mm unit profile
150mm unit profile
200mm unit profile
250mm unit profile
260mm unit profile
300mm unit profile
350mm unit profile
400mm unit profile
450mm unit profile
12
1200mm Nominal Width
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SECTION
01
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
LOAD/SPAN TABLE
Largely because of fast on-site construction, Bison Hollow Core Floors are one of the most economic flooring solutions
for the widest variety of situations including masonry, steel and concrete structures for retail, commercial and
industrial buildings.
Spans indicated below allow for characteristic service load (live load)
plus self weight plus 1.5 kN/m2 for finishes
Overall
structural
depth mm
Characteristic service loads kN/m2
0.75
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
4.0
5.0
7.5
10..0
15.0
Effective span in metres
100*
5
5
5
5
4.8
4.5
4.2
3.7
3.3
2.8
150*
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.3
6.8
6.4
5.6
5
3.2
200
10
10
9.7
9.4
9.1
8.5
8
7.1
6.4
5.5
250
12.3
11.5
11.1
10.7
10.4
9.7
9.2
8.1
7.4
6.3
300
15
14.9
14.4
13.9
13.5
12.8
12.1
10.9
10
8.7
350
17.4
16.5
15.9
15.5
15
14.2
13.6
12.5
11.2
9.8
400
18.5
17.6
17
16.6
16.1
15.3
14.6
13.2
12.1
10.6
450
19.9
19
18.5
18
17.5
16.7
15.9
14.5
13.4
11.7
The table is given as a guide only. When using maximum spans, consideration must be given to the effect of camber and
deflection on partitions or finishes. Further advice is available on request. * 35mm screed required for 2 hour
fire resistance.
13
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COMMERCIAL / INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
BEARING DETAILS
BEARING ON SHELF ANGLES
Finishes
Structural concrete infill
Nominal bearing 75
Projection of angle
Minimum bearing 50
beyond extremity of
flange 50 mm.
Greater where U.C.
sections are used.
Refer to Bison for
assistance.
25 mm
clearance
25 mm clearance is required to allow unit to be dropped
into position past the flange of the supporting U.B.
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SECTION
01
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
BEARING DETAILS
BEARING ON MASONRY
Finishes
Nominal bearing
t / 2 - 10 mm
Wall thickness
t
190
t
SIDE BEARING
Where required by Building Regulations for
sound insulation.
Finishes
Continuous wet mortar by
builder to take up camber
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COMMERCIAL / INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
BEARING DETAILS
NARROW WALL BEARING
Structural concrete infill
Finishes
Structural concrete infill
Tie reinforcement at
Nominal bearing
t / 2 - 10 mm
(Min. 65 mm)
Wall thickness
t < 190
(Min. 140 mm)
400 c/c in joints and
troughs provided in
1200 wide units
t
(NB. In order to satisfy the tolerances in this situation, this
detail is only recommended where a full bearing is available
at the other end of the slab)
NARROW BEARING ON STEELWORK
Structural concrete infill
Structural concrete infill
Finishes
Nominal bearing
Tie reinforcement at
t / 2 - 10 mm
400 c/c in joints and
troughs provided in
1200 wide units
Wall thickness
t
150
(Min. 140 mm)
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t
SECTION
01
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
BEARING DETAILS
END SLOTS IN UNITS
Slots may be provided in slab ends for the purpose of tying into
the structure for nominal continuity.
Finishes
Structural concrete infill
TRIMMING OPENINGS
M.S.Trimmer. Fire protection, where necessary by
General Contractor.
Finishes
The recommendations for bearings of precast units are set out in Clause 5.2.3 of B.S. 8110:1997. These vary according to the type of floor
construction and the type of support material and building tolerances. In general nominal bearings of 100 mm on masonry or 75 mm on
steelwork are recommended but may be reduced dependent upon circumstances and subject to the above clause.
17
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COMMERCIAL / INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS
HOLLOW COMPOSITE FLOORS
UNIT PROFILES
200 to 225mm overall composite depth
comprising 150mm unit with 50 or 75mm structural topping
250 to 275mm overall composite depth
comprising 200mm unit with 50 or 75mm structural topping
300 to 325mm overall composite depth
comprising 250mm unit with 50 or 75mm structural topping
335mm overall composite depth
comprising 260mm unit with 75mm structural topping
375mm overall composite depth
comprising 300mm unit with 75mm structural topping
425mm overall composite depth
comprising 350mm unit with 75mm structural topping
475mm overall composite depth
comprising 400mm unit with 75mm structural topping
525mm overall composite depth
comprising 450mm unit with 75mm composite material
18
1200mm Nominal Width
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL DETAILS PLEASE VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
SECTION
01
HOLLOW COMPOSITE FLOORS
LOAD/SPAN TABLE
A Bison Hollow Composite Floor is a Bison Hollow Core Slab with a structural concrete topping. This combination delivers
increased structural performance overall, with an improved lateral load distribution where necessary for heavy point loads.
The floor may be designed in the unpropped or partially propped condition to suit particular requirements. It is particularly
suitable for industrial buildings, high buildings, car parks or other structures where additional longitudinal and transverse
tying is required.
Spans indicated below allow for characteristic service load (live load)
plus self weight plus 1.5 kN/m2 for finishes
Overall
structural
depth mm
Characteristic service loads kN/m2
0.75
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
4.0
5.0
10..0
15.0
Effective span in metres
200
8.25
8.25
8.1
7.9
7.7
7.4
7.1
5.8
4.9
250
10.4
9.9
9.7
9.4
9.2
8.8
8.4
7
6
300
11.7
11.2
10.9
10.6
10.4
9.9
9.5
7.8
6.8
375
14.5
14
13.7
13.5
13.2
12.7
12.3
10.7
8.8
425
16
15.5
15.2
14.9
14.6
14.1
13.7
11.9
10
475
17.1
16.5
16.2
15.9
15.6
15.1
14.6
12.7
10.7
525
18.5
17.9
17.6
17.3
17
16.4
15.9
13.9
11.7
The above data is based upon 50 or 75mm structural topping of C30 concrete which should be regarded as a minimum.
Other topping depths may be recommended in some circumstances. Design data for alternative combinations are available
from Bison design offices. In relation to the overall structural concept of the building it is also important also to consider
topping reinforcement, daywork and movement joints.
19
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COMMERCIAL / INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS
SOLID COMPOSITE FLOORS
UNIT PROFILES
Bison Solid Composite Floors consist of a precast, prestressed element acting compositely with an in-situ concrete
structural topping to form a solid slab. This combination of elements delivers the benefits of both, such as a structural
performance far superior to normally-reinforced concrete, reduced construction depths, no shuttering, minimal propping,
built-in fire resistance, fast erection, and increased flexibility of architectural and engineering design, such as the scope to
incorporate all the details normally associated with in-situ design, such as the tying in of balconies, trimming of openings,
maximum load distribution and minimum structural depth.
75mm unit with 50mm structural topping
75mm unit with 75mm structural topping
75mm unit with 100mm structural topping
75mm unit with 125mm structural topping
100mm unit with 50mm structural topping
100mm unit with 100mm structural topping
100mm unit with 150mm structural topping
100mm unit with 200mm structural topping
1200mm Nominal Width
20
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SECTION
01
SOLID COMPOSITE FLOORS
LOAD/SPAN TABLE
A Bison Hollow Composite Floor is a Bison Hollow Core Slab with a structural concrete topping. This combination delivers
increased structural performance overall, with an improved lateral load distribution where necessary for heavy point loads.
The floor may be designed in the unpropped or partially propped condition to suit particular requirements. It is particularly
suitable for industrial buildings, high buildings, car parks or other structures where additional longitudinal and transverse
tying is required.
Fire Resistance*
Spans indicated below allow for characteristic service load (live load)
plus self weight plus 1.5 kN / m2 for finishes
Unit
depth
Overall
structural
depth mm
Self Wt
kN / m2
Propped
or
Unpropped
Characteristic service loads kN / m2
0.75
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
4.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
Effective span in metres
1 hour
75
1 hour
75
1 hour
100
1 hour
100
2 hour
100
2 hour
100
125
2.95
150
3.54
175
4.12
200
6.70
6.25
6.00
5.70
5.50
5.15
4.87
3.90
3.80
7.50
7.00
6.80
6.50
6.35
5.95
5.60
4.56
3.92
8.32
7.78
7.52
7.25
7.02
6.62
6.29
5.12
4.05
4.71
8.90
8.40
8.12
7.85
7.62
7.20
6.85
4.98
3.96
125
2.95
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.60
3.10
150
3.54
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.50
175
4.12
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.65
200
4.71
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.75
3.68
150
3.54
7.80
7.27
7.00
6.75
6.50
6.10
6.77
4.55
3.85
200
4.71
9.10
8.64
8.22
8.08
7.82
7.33
7.05
5.80
4.50
250
5.89
10.18
9.85
9.15
9.00
8.90
8.45
8.08
6.12
4.50
300
7.07
10.66
9.58
9.45
9.15
8.80
8.15
7.60
5.80
4.40
150
3.54
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
4.50
3.88
200
4.71
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
4.96
4.50
250
5.89
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
4.80
4.50
300
7.07
4.95
4.92
4.90
4.88
4.85
4.80
4.71
4.60
4.40
150
3.54
7.26
6.80
6.66
6.46
6.23
5.85
5.50
4.30
3.60
200
4.71
8.57
8.25
8.05
7.83
7.10
6.85
6.60
5.62
4.25
P
U/P
P
U/P
P
250
5.89
9.00
8.80
8.65
8.50
8.35
8.10
7.80
5.75
4.35
300
7.07
10.20
9.00
8.90
8.70
8.30
7.30
7.20
5.50
4.20
150
3.54
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
4.30
3.62
200
4.71
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
4.60
4.20
250
5.89
5.00
5.00
5.00
4.95
4.90
4.85
4.80
4.55
4.35
300
7.07
4.65
4.65
4.65
4.65
4.60
4.55
4.55
4.40
4.02
U/P
*Enhancement of the stated fire period may be achieved by applied soffit finishes.
21
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COMMERCIAL / INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS
SOLID COMPOSITE FLOORS
BEARING DETAILS
SIMPLE BEARINGS ON TOP FLANGE OF STEELWORK
Nominal support reinforcement and/or daywork joints
determined by general layout and site operation.
40 mm
40 mm
Min. bearing
Min. bearing
SLAB COMPOSITE WITH SUPPORTING BEAM
Flange reinforcement and shear studs as
required by steelwork design
40 mm
Min. bearing
BEARINGS ON SHELF ANGLES
Minimum 25 mm cover to top of steel beam flange
Minimum 50 mm clearance
22
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Nominal 50 mm bearing
SECTION
01
SOLID COMPOSITE FLOORS
BEARING DETAILS
CANTILEVER CONSTRUCTION
In-situ structural topping on precast element
Precast balcony
element
For IsoPro balcony requirements refer to Bison for assistance.
IN-SITU CONSTRUCTION CENTRED
Solid composite floors may be placed on in-situ beam
downstands or supported on shutters before pouring
site concrete
Nominal 50 mm bearing for
precast elements
IN-SITU CONSTRUCTION SIDE
Beam depths and widths to suit specific requirements
Nominal 50 mm bearing for
precast elements
23
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HOUSING PRODUCTS SINGLE OCCUPANCY
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
THE BENEFITS
USER BENEFITS
Sound Resistance
Fire
The single most common complaint in relation to housing
Adequate fire resistance is an important design feature of any
is noise nuisance. Timber floors have little sound resistance
modern building. It has long been recognised that floors between
and most people will be familiar with the problems and the
flats in multi-occupancy housing should have a high level of fire
inconvenience of sound transmission, particularly from upstairs
resistance. Consequently, these are almost always constructed
to downstairs. Precast concrete floors provide an extremely
in concrete in order to satisfy the Building Regulations. It seems
efficient sound barrier between separate living areas.
reasonable that a similar level of protection should be afforded to
those living in houses. Concrete is, of course, a non-combustible
Maintenance
material and it also acts as a solid barrier which will contain not
Precast concrete is an inert material. It does not shrink
only the fire but the smoke, which is the primary cause of most
and warp like timber and does not produce the cracking of
fatalities in fire accidents.
plasterwork and other finishes which result in an ongoing
and costly maintenance problem. Concrete is not subject to
Factory Produced to Rigorous Quality Standards
damage from rot or insect attack.
Because precast floors are factory produced, they are
manufactured in an environment which is more readily
Squeaky Floors
controlled than a building site. Quality control systems in
Another problem associated with the shrinkage of timber
Bison factories are properly implemented and are independently
materials is the squeaking between boards and joists when
examined on a regular basis under The British Standards
walked upon. This is extremely irritating and very expensive to
Institution Quality Management System defined in BS EN ISO 9001.
rectify. This problem does not exist with a concrete floor.
CONSTRUCTION BENEFITS
Design flexibility
Structural Efficiency
Unlike timber, a precast concrete floor provides a structural
A Hollow Core slab offers the ideal structural section by
platform which gives the house designer greater freedom in
reducing the deadweight whilst providing the maximum
supporting upper floor wall partitions to virtually any layout.
structural efficiency with the minimum slab depth. This offers
Furthermore with a concrete upper floor the partitions can be
the design benefit of longer spans, thus reducing the lengths
built in blockwork with its greater sound resistance, instead of
of internal loadbearing walls and foundations.
timber stud.
Site Safety
Speed of Erection
Once a precast concrete floor is erected it is immediately
Typically a single precast floor slab is up to 10 square metres
available as a working platform. Combined with Trailasafe®
in area and can be laid in minutes. Dependent upon site
synthetic mesh for trailer deck fall arrest, and the Bison Air
conditions and house sizes, the floors to several houses can
Mat for roll-off fall protection, this creates the safest possible
normally be completed in one day.
environment for site workers.
Preformed Service Provision
Precast concrete floors can be provided with factory-formed
service holes to accommodate all the necessary service
routes with ease.
24
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL DETAILS PLEASE VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
HOUSING PRODUCTS SINGLE OCCUPANCY
SECTION
02
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
CASE STUDIES
TERRACED SINGLE OCCUPANCY
HOUSING DEVELOPMENTS
Pictured is part of a large housing development based in
London. Over 578m2 of 150mm Hollow Core floor units were
used throughout for 1st and 2nd floor applications across
varying design type houses, typically from town type, 2 floor
houses, to traditional 1st floor houses.
Hollow Core floors have been installed by many
housebuilders, both large and small, for terraced
developments.
DETACHED HOUSING
DEVELOPMENTS
Pictured is a detached housing development based in
Warwick. The development was a mix of three, four and
five bedroom detached houses, where 250m 2 of 150mm
Hollow Core units were used throughout the plot for all
first floor applications.
Further detached developments using Hollow Core floors
have been constructed across the country, from Sterling in
Scotland to Portsmouth in England.
LARGE ESTATE HOUSING
DEVELOPMENTS
Pictured is an estate type housing, consisting of 8 bedrooms,
24 rooms and 3 outbuildings based in Oxshott.
496m2 of Hollow Core floor units were used throughout
the house.
25
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
HOUSING PRODUCTS SINGLE OCCUPANCY
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
GROUND/UPPER FLOOR SLAB PROFILES
The most suitable and widely used precast unit for single occupancy housing is a 1200mm wide Hollow Core slab with a
depth of either 150 or 200mm.
150mm unit profile
200mm unit profile
1200mm Nominal Width
CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
TYPICAL HOUSE LAYOUTS
1200 mm Wide Units
Structural steel supports
Slab span direction
Load bearing walls
Non-Load bearing walls
by others
26
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SECTION
02
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
alternative batten arrangements to soffits
Battens
Plasterboard
Short firing is not recommended. Various site-drilled anchors are available and, used in accordance
with the manufacturers instructions, are a simple and economic fixing method.
Service routes in ceiling void
Battens and counterbattens
Plasterboard
To view load span tables please go to page 13
A SUSTAINABLE CHOICE...
The use of Bison Hollow Core flooring can significantly cut the carbon dioxide emissions of a project by up to one
fifth; a CO2 reduction and material saving of 23% can be achieved in the construction of an office block.*
*based on a 2600m2 office block development
27
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
HOUSING PRODUCTS SINGLE OCCUPANCY
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
BEARING DETAILS
TYPICAL DUAL BEARING
Alternative
Alternative
services route
services route
190 mm
Block Wall
SIDE BEARING
Where required by Building Regulations for
sound insulation.
Finishes
Continuous wet mortar by
builder to take up camber
TYPICAL SINGLE BEARING
TRIMMING OPENINGS
M.S.Trimmer. Fire protection, where necessary
by General Contractor.
100 mm
Block Wall
28
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190 mm
Block Wall
SECTION
02
INSULATED HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
GROUND FLOOR
150 mm unit profile
200 mm unit profile
1200 mm Nominal Width
INSULATED HOLLOW CORE UNIT DETAILS
Finishes
150 mm
or 200 mm
Hollow Core Unit
Support Castellations
Expanded Polystyrene
(EPS) bonded to soffit
INSULATED HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
BEARING DETAILS
DUAL BEARING
Finishes
EXTERNAL WALL BEARING
Support Castellations
Finishes
190 mm
262 mm
Sleeper Wall
or 312 mm
Expanded Polystyrene
Foundation
(EPS) bonded to soffit
The Building Regulations Part L1A, L2A 2006 ‘Conservation of fuel and power’ require that a building is airtight and
pressure testing for this is covered by regulation 54. The regulations no longer allow the elemental method and a building
needs to be considered as a whole to satisfy the requirements of the regulations. Bison can provide an insulated slab to
give a thermal ‘U’ value of 0.22W/m2 for the floor and greater if required.
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
29
HOUSING PRODUCTS MULTIPLE OCCUPANCY
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
THE BENEFITS
Speed of Erection
Composite Steel Beam Design
Time consuming activities such as propping, shuttering and
Composite Steel Beam Design incorporating either Hollow
concrete pouring are virtually eliminated.
Core or solid slabs provides a structural and cost efficient
solution for steel frames. It reduces total tonnage of steel
Lifting Hooks
beams by up to 40% and also reduces the number of
Bison can supply Hollow Core units with cast-in lifting hooks
components to be erected.
that speed up the installation and bring associated Health &
Safety benefits.
Sound Requirements Building
Regulations Part E
Immediate Unpropped Working Platform
In new-build attached dwellings a developer may choose
Propping is generally not required with Hollow Core floors.
between Pre-Completion Testing (PCT.) or, if available, a
Once a precast floor is erected it is immediately available
Robust Detail (RD). Bison Concrete Products have developed
as a working platform. In comparison, steel deck systems
a series of solutions to cover the use of precast concrete
can present problems in achieving level surfaces while
units in association with masonry buildings and steel and
concrete is poured, and in enabling access while in the
concrete frames. Solutions have been developed and testing
propped condition.
is in the process of being completed prior to an application
for Robust Detail status.
Minimum In-situ Concrete
With a precast floor a lot of the work is done off-site. This
Preformed Site Services
eliminates on-site work that can be complex, time-consuming
Precast floors can be provided with factory formed service
and weather affected.
holes, thus avoiding laborious setting out and shuttering
on-site.
Extra Long Spans
Factory-made prestressed units offer the design advantage
Structural Efficiency
of long span units for given depths. This can avoid the need
A Hollow Core slab offers the ideal structural section by
for intermediate supports.
reducing the deadweight whilst providing the maximum
structural efficiency within the slab depth.
Diaphragm Action
Precast floor slabs, when structurally grouted, provide a
Factory-Produced to Rigorous
floor with full diaphragm action to the building. A structural
Quality Standards
concrete topping is not required.
Because precast floors are factory-produced, they are
manufactured in an environment which is more controlled
Flexibility of Design Approach
than a building site. Quality control systems are properly
Precast floors can provide the technical solution for the
implemented and are independently examined on a regular
requirements of Part A of the Building Regulations 2004 for
basis, under the British Standards Institution Quality
Disproportionate Collapse.
Management Scheme defined in BS EN ISO 9001:2000.
30
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL DETAILS PLEASE VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
SECTION
03
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
TRACK RECORD
MULTI-STOREY HOUSING
The three block housing development in Windsor consisted
of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and roof with the other two blocks being 1st,
2nd and roof. All three blocks used 200mm deep Hollow Core
sound slab flooring with 3897m2 used throughout the scheme
and 30m3 of concrete precast stairs.
MULTI-STOREY HOUSING
The housing development in Worcester, which used 1,700m 2
of 200mm deep Hollow Core sound slab flooring and 10m3
of precast concrete stairs. This included one three storey
block and one 4 storey block.
MULTI-STOREY RESIDENTIAL
DEVELOPMENTS
This multi-storey residential development used precast
Hollow Core floors within a steel frame structure. The
development is in Walsall, Birmingham, and used 1500m 2 of
200mm deep Hollow Core sound slab flooring, plus 29m3 of
precast stair units.
A flat, uninterrupted soffit was achieved with the Hollow Core
units, spanning 6.1m between downstand beams, which were
at separating wall positions.
31
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
HOUSING PRODUCTS MULTIPLE OCCUPANCY
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
UNIT PROFILES
150mm Sound Slab unit profile
150mm unit profile
200mm unit profile
250mm unit profile
260mm unit profile
300mm unit profile
1200 mm Nominal Width
To view load span tables please
go to page 13
32
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL DETAILS PLEASE VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
SECTION
03
HOLLOW CORE COMPOSITE FLOORS
UNIT PROFILES
250 to 225mm overall composite depth
comprising 150mm unit with 50 or 75mm structural topping
250 to 275mm overall composite depth
comprising 200mm unit with 50 or 75mm structural topping
300 to 325mm overall composite depth
comprising 250mm unit with 50 or 75mm structural topping
335mm overall composite depth
comprising 260mm unit with 75mm structural topping
375mm overall composite depth
comprising 300mm unit with 75mm structural topping
1200 mm Nominal Width
A SUSTAINABLE PROCESS...
Bison precast floors are produced under sustainable
conditions at our flagship production plant at
Swadlincote, Derbyshire. The state of the art Hollow
Core plant is the most technically advanced and
sustainable of its kind in the world: all waste water from
the factory is recycled; the fully automated process
is energy efficient, taking only 12 hours; and the
manufacturing process maximizes efficiency, which
To view load span tables please
go to page 13
prevents material wastage.
33
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
HOUSING PRODUCTS MULTIPLE OCCUPANCY
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
BEARING DETAILS
The recommendations for bearings of precast units are set out in Clause 5.2.3 of B.S. 8110:1997. These vary according to the type
of floor construction and the type of support material and building tolerances. In general, nominal bearings of 100mm on masonry
or 75mm on steelwork are recommended but may be reduced dependent upon circumstances and subject to the above clause.
BEARINGS ON SHELF ANGLES
Finishes
Structural concrete infill
Nominal bearing 75
Projection of angle
Minimum bearing 50
beyond extremity of
flange 50 mm.
Greater where U.C.
sections are used
25 mm
clearance
25 mm clearance is required to allow unit to be dropped
into position past the flange of the supporting U.B.
34
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL DETAILS PLEASE VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
SECTION
03
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
BEARING DETAILS
BEARINGS ON MASONRY
Finishes
Nominal bearing
t / 2 - 10 mm
Wall thickness
t
t
190
SIDE BEARING
Where required by Building Regulations for
sound insulation.
Finishes
Continuous wet mortar by
builder to take up camber
35
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
HOUSING PRODUCTS MULTIPLE OCCUPANCY
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
BEARING DETAILS
NARROW WALL BEARING
Structural concrete infill
Finishes
Tie reinforcement at
Nominal bearing
t / 2 - 10 mm
(Min. 65 mm)
400 c/c in joints and
troughs provided in
1200 wide units
Wall thickness
t < 190
(Min. 140 mm)
t
N.B. In order to satisfy the tolerances in this situation, this
detail is only recommended where a full bearing is available
at the other end of the slab.
NARROW BEARING ON STEELWORK
Structural concrete infill
Finishes
Nominal bearing
Tie reinforcement at
t / 2 - 10 mm
400 c/c in joints and
troughs provided in
1200 wide units
Wall thickness
t
150
(Min. 140 mm)
t
36
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SECTION
03
HOLLOW CORE FLOORS
BEARING DETAILS
END SLOTS IN UNITS
Slots may be provided in slab ends for the purpose of tying into the
structure for nominal continuity or disproportionate collapse
Finishes
Structural concrete infill
TRIMMING OPENINGS
M.S.Trimmer. Fire protection, where necessary by
General Contractor.
Finishes
37
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
HOUSING PRODUCTS MULTIPLE OCCUPANCY
SOLID COMPOSITE FLOORS
UNIT PROFILES
Solid composite construction utilises the advantages of a prestressed precast element acting compositely with an in-situ structural
topping, combining the benefits of precast and in-situ construction.
These benefits are:
• Reduced Construction Depths
• Speed of Erection
• Elimination of Shuttering
• Minimal Propping
• Fire Resistance
• Flexibility of Architectural
and Engineering design
75mm unit with 50, 75, 100 or 125mm composite material
100mm unit with 50, 100, 150 or 200mm composite material
1200mm Nominal Width
To view load span tables please
go to page 21
A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE...
The inherent thermal mass properties of concrete can help to regulate temperature fluctuations, ensuring that
indoor environments are comfortable without the use of air conditioning, providing the user with a significant cost
and energy saving. Compared to air conditioning, the active Fabric Energy Storage (FES) of concrete reduces
carbon dioxide emissions by up to 50%.
38
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SECTION
03
SOLID COMPOSITE FLOORS
BEARING DETAILS
SIMPLE BEARING ON TOP FLANGE OF STEELWORK
Nominal support reinforcement and/or daywork joints
determined by general layout and site operation.
40 mm
Min. bearing
40 mm
Min. bearing
SLAB COMPOSITE WITH SUPPORTING BEAM
Flange reinforcement and shear studs as
required by steelwork design
40 mm
Min. bearing
39
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
COMPOSITE STEEL BEAM DESIGN
Composite steel beam design incorporating Hollow Core or solid slabs provides a structural and cost efficient solution for steel
frames. It reduces total tonnage of steel beams by up to 40% and also reduces the number of components to be erected.
Definition
Composite steel beam design is the use of Hollow Core or solid slabs together with in-situ infill in conjunction with welded studs
onto steel beams. This enables the slabs and beams to act compositely together, enhancing the load capacity of the steel beams.
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
1. SHEAR STUD CAPACITY
PRD = 0.8 f u (d2/4) / gv
or
PRD = 0.29 aßd2
fcpEcp / gv
Whichever is the lesser.
-0.33
a
ø
fy
300 40
*1000+2.5g
16 460
s
fcu
= 0.2 ( h/d+1) h = height of the stud.
d
= is the diameter of the shank of the stud.
fu
= is the specified ultimate tensile strength of the material of the stud but not greater than 500 N/mm2.
ß
= a factor which takes into account the gap width g (mm) and is given as 0.5 (g/70+1) ² 1.0 and g ³ 30mm.
 = a factor which takes into account the diameter ø of transverse high tensile tie steel (grade 460) and
is given by 0.5 (ø / 20+1) ² 1.0 and ø ³ 8mm.

= transverse joint factor = 0.5 (w / 600+1), w = width of hollow core unit.
fcp = average concrete cylinder strength = 0.8 x average cube strength of the in-situ and precast concrete.
Ecp = average value of elastic modulus of the insitu and precast concrete.
gv = partial safety factor for shear stud.
2. EFFECTIVE WIDTH OF COMPRESSION AREA
Beff =
ø
ø
fy
16 460
300
s
40
fcu
-0.33
*1000+2.5g
= transverse reinforcement diameter
fcu = concrete strength
s
= bar spacing
fy
= reinforcement strength
g
= gap
40
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SECTION
04
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Beff
Insitu Concrete
Shear Stud
Hollow Core Slab
D
slab
P. N. A.
D
Transverse
Reinforcement
Steel Beam
Rc = 0.45 x f cu;
beff x D
slab
P. N. A.
Py
Py
41
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BUILDING REGULATIONS
PART A MASONRY BUILDINGS
CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
The Building Regulations Part A December 2004 introduced a system of classification of buildings to reflect the risk of disproportionate
collapse probabilities. The following solutions give guidance as to the details required for each of the main frame options related to
Hollow Core slabs.
Class 1 and 2A Buildings
Flats, apartments and other residential buildings not exceeding 4 storeys. Provision of effective anchorage to satisfy Building
Regulations from ‘building in’ of Hollow Core units.
Class 2B Buildings (Horizontal Ties only + notional removal)
Flats, apartments and other residential buildings greater than 4 storeys but not exceeding 15 storeys. All design and details for
horizontal tying in accordance with BS5628 Part 1 and BS8110 Part 1.
DETAILS FOR TYPE 1 & 2A
EXTERNAL
EXTERNAL
LOAD BEARING CAVITY WALL DETAIL
NON-LOAD BEARING CAVITY WALL DETAIL
Bison precast
Bison precast
Bison precast
Bison precast
concrete Hollow
concrete Hollow
concrete Hollow
concrete Hollow
Core slab unit
Core slab unit
Core slab unit
Core slab unit
Solid block wall
100 mm min.
Solid block wall
100 mm min.
100 mm min.
Continuous wet
Continuous wet
mortar, by builder,
mortar, by builder,
to take up camber
to take up camber
Solid block wall
Solid block wall
100 mm min.
Reinforcement to suit Reinforcement to suit
In-situ
In-situ
concrete stitch
concrete stitch
42
Structural Engineer’s
Structural Engineer’s
design
design
Reinforcement to suit Reinforcement to suit
10 mm dia. high yield 10 mm dia. high yield
In-situ
In-situ
‘U’ bar per trough
concrete stitch
concrete stitch
Bison precast
Bison precast
concrete Hollow
concrete Hollow
Core slab
Core slab
Continuous wet
Continuous wet
mortar, by builder,
mortar, by builder,
to take up camber
to take up camber
‘U’ bar per trough
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL
DETAILS
PLEASE
VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
Bison precast concrete
Bison precast
concrete
Hollow Core slab unit Hollow Core slab unit
with perforated troughs with perforated troughs
for tying requirements for tying requirements
Structural Engineer’s
Structural Engineer’s
design
design
150 mm wide perforated150 mm wide perforated
pocket along the edge pocket along the edge
of slab unit at 1200 mmof slab unit at 1200 mm
centreswith 10 mm dia. centreswith 10 mm dia.
on precast
ncrete Hollow
re slab unit
SECTION
05
PART A MASONRY BUILDINGS
CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
Class 2B Buildings (Horizontal and Vertical Ties)
Flats, apartments and other residential buildings greater than 4 storeys but not exceeding 15 storeys. All design and details
for horizontal and vertical tying in accordance with BS5628 Part 1and BS8110 Part 1 for Class 2B and Class 3 Buildings.
Class 3 Buildings (Horizontal and Vertical Ties + Risk Assessment)
All buildings defined above as Class 2A and 2B that exceed the limits on area and/or number of storeys.
Bison precast
Bison precast
Bison precast
Core slab unit
Core slab unit
Core slab unit
All concrete
designHollow
and details for horizontal and vertical tying in accordance concrete
with BS5628
BS8110
Hollow Part 1and
concrete
Hollow Part 1 for
Class 2B and Class 3 Buildings.
Solid block wall
100 mm min.
Solid block wall
100 mm min.
Continuous wet
Continuous wet
mortar, by builder,
mortar, by builder,
to take up camber
to take up camber
Solid block wall
Solid block wall
100 mm min.
100 mm min.
EXTERNAL
EXTERNAL
LOAD BEARING CAVITY WALL DETAIL
NON-LOAD BEARING CAVITY WALL DETAIL
situ
In-situ
ncrete stitch
concrete stitch
140 mm
Reinforcement to suit
Reinforcement to suit
Structural Engineer’s
Structural Engineer’s
design
design
10 mm dia. high yield
10 mm dia. high yield
In-situ
‘U’ bar per trough
‘U’ bar per trough
concrete stitch
concrete stitch
Bison precast
Bison precast
concrete Hollow
concrete Hollow
Core slab
Core slab
Continuous wet
Continuous wet
mortar, by builder,
mortar, by builder,
to take up camber
to take up camber
Bison precast concrete
Bison precast concrete
Hollow Core slab unit
Hollow Core slab unit
with perforated troughs
with perforated troughs
for tying requirements
for tying requirements
140 mm
In-situ
140 mm
Reinforcement to suit
Reinforcement to suit
Structural Engineer’s
Structural Engineer’s
design
design
150 mm wide perforated
150 mm wide perforated
pocket along the edge
pocket along the edge
of slab unit at 1200 mm
of slab unit at 1200 mm
centreswith 10 mm dia.
centreswith 10 mm dia.
‘U’ bar per socket
‘U’ bar per socket
140 mm
43
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
BUILDING REGULATIONS
PART A CONCRETE FRAMED BUILDINGS
CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
Class 2B Buildings (Horizontal and Vertical Ties)
Flats, apartments and other residential buildings greater than 4 storeys but not exceeding 15 storeys.
Class 3 Buildings + (Risk Assessment)
All buildings defined above as Class 2A and 2B that exceed the limits on area and/or number of storeys. All design and details for
horizontal and vertical tying in accordance with BS8810 Part 1 for Class 2B and Class 3 Buildings.
TYPICAL SECTION
TYPICAL SECTION
INTERNAL WALL (LOAD BEARING)
EXTERNAL WALL (LOAD BEARING)
Grout joint
Grout joint
In-situ
In-situ
concrete infill
concrete infill
Reinforcement to suitReinforcement to suit
Structural Engineer’s Structural Engineer’s
design
Bison precast concrete 10 mm dia.
Bison precast concrete
Hollow Core slab
Hollow Core slab
‘U’ bar in troughts
Grout joint
Grout joint
In-situ
In-situ
concrete infill
concrete infill
Wire loop
Wire loop
connections
connections
Reinforcement to suitReinforcement to suit
Structural Engineer’s Structural Engineer’s
design
design
10 mm dia.
10 mm dia.
10 mm dia.
‘U’ bar in troughts
‘U’ bar in
‘U’ bar in
troughts
troughts
design
Bison precast concrete
Bison precast concrete
Hollow Core slab
175 mm
Grout joint
Grout joint
In-situ
In-situ
concrete infill
concrete infill
150 mm
175 mm
Reinforcement to suitReinforcement to suit
Structural Engineer’s Structural Engineer’s
design
design
Grout joint
Grout joint
In-situ
In-situ
concrete infill
concrete infill
Wire loop
Wire loop
connections
connections
150 mm
Reinforcement to suitReinforcement to suit
Structural Engineer’s Structural Engineer’s
design
pocket along the edge
pocket along the edge
Bison precast concrete
Bison precast concrete of slab unit at 1200 mm
of slab unit at 1200 mm
Hollow Core slab
Hollow Core slab
centre swith 10 mm dia.
centre swith 10 mm dia.
Hollow Core slab
‘U’ bar per socket
175 mm
design
150 mm wide perforated
150 mm wide perforated
Bison precast concrete
Bison precast concrete
Hollow Core slab
Hollow Core slab
175 mm
150 mm
44
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL DETAILS PLEASE VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
150 mm
‘U’ bar per socket
SECTION
Grout joint
In-situ
concrete infill
Grout joint
Reinforcement to suit
Reinforcement to suit
Structural Engineer’s
Structural Engineer’s
design
design
Grout joint
Grout joint
PART A CONCRETE FRAMED BUILDINGS
In-situ
concrete infill
CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
In-situ
In-situ
concrete infill
concrete infill
Wire loop
Wire loop
connections
connections
05
Reinforcement to suit
Reinforcement to suit
Structural Engineer’s
Structural Engineer’s
design
design
Bison precast concrete
10 mm dia.
Bison precast concrete
10 mm dia.
10 mm dia.
10 mm dia.
Hollow Core slab
Hollow Core slab ‘U’ bar in troughts
‘U’ bar in troughts
‘U’ bar in
‘U’ bar in
troughts
troughts
Bison precast concrete
Bison precast concrete
Hollow Core slab
Hollow Core slab
175 mm
150 mm
175 mm
150 mm
TYPICAL SECTION
TYPICAL SECTION
INTERNAL WALL (NON-LOAD BEARING)
EXTERNAL WALL (NON-LOAD BEARING)
Grout joint
Grout joint
In-situ
In-situ
concrete infill
concrete infill
Reinforcement to suit
Reinforcement to suit
Structural Engineer’s
Structural Engineer’s
design
design
Bison precast concrete
Bison precast concrete
Hollow Core slab
Hollow Core slab
Grout joint
Grout joint
In-situ
In-situ
concrete infill
concrete infill
Wire loop
Wire loop
connections
connections
Bison precast concrete
Hollow Core slab
Reinforcement to suit
Reinforcement to suit
Structural Engineer’s
Structural Engineer’s
design
design
150 mm wide perforated
150 mm wide perforated
pocket along the edge
Bison precast concrete
of slab unit at 1200 mm
Hollow Core slab centre swith 10 mm dia.
‘U’ bar per socket
175 mm
175 mm
150 mm
pocket along the edge
of slab unit at 1200 mm
centre swith 10 mm dia.
‘U’ bar per socket
150 mm
45
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
BUILDING REGULATIONS
PART A STEEL FRAMED BUILDINGS
CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
Class 1 and 2A Buildings
Apartments and other residential buildings not exceeding 4 storeys. This type of building uses the friction and built-in
details to achieve tying requirements.
TYPICAL SECTION EXTERNAL STEELWORK DETAILS
In-situ
In-situ
In-situ
concrete stitch
concrete stitch
concrete stitch
Continuous wet mortar
Continuou
by Builder, to take up
by Builder,
camber
camber
Bison precast
Bison precast
Bison precast
Bison precast
Bison precast
Bison precast
Bison prec
concrete Hollow
concrete Hollow
concrete Hollow
concrete Hollow
concrete Hollow
concrete Hollow
concrete H
Core slab unit
Core slab unit
Core slab unit
Core slab unit
Core slab unit
Core slab unit
Core slab
In-situ concrete stitch
In-situ concrete stitch
150 mm wide perforated
150 mm w
Reinforcement to suit
Reinforcement to suit
Reinforcement to suit
pocket along the edge
pocket alo
Structural Engineer’s
Structural Engineer’s
Structural Engineer’s
of slab unit at 1200 mm
of slab uni
design welded to top
design welded to top
design welded to top
centreswith 10 mm dia.
centreswith
flange of steel beam at
flange of steel beam at
flange of steel beam at ‘U’ bar per socket
trough bottom
trough bottom
trough bottom
In-situ concrete stitch
In-situ concrete stitch
In-situ concrete stitch
‘U’ bar per
In-situ concrete stitch
In-situ concrete stitch
Shear stud
Shear stud
Bison precast
Bison precast
concrete Hollow
concrete Hollow
Core slab unit
Core slab unit
Bison precast concrete
Bison precast concrete
Bison precast concrete Bison precast
Bison prec
Reinforcement to suit
Reinforcement to suit
Hollow Core slab units
Hollow Core slab units
Hollow Core slab units concrete Hollow
concrete H
Structural Engineer’s
with preformed troughs
with preformed troughs
with preformed troughs Core slab unit
Core slab
design
for tying requirements
for tying requirements
for tying requirements
46Structural Engineer’s
design
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL DETAILS PLEASE VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
Continuous wet
Continuou
mortar, by Builder,
mortar, by
to take up camber
to take up
SECTION
05
PART A STEEL FRAMED BUILDINGS
CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
In-situ
In-situ
In-situ
concrete stitch
concrete stitch
Continuous wet mo
Continuous wet mortar
concrete stitch
by Builder, to take up
Class 2B Buildings (Horizontal and Vertical Ties)
by Builder, to take
camber
camber
Flats, apartments and other residential buildings greater than 4 storeys but not exceeding 15 storeys.
Class 3 Buildings (Horizontal and Vertical Ties + Risk Assessment)
Bison precast
concrete Hollow
precast
precast
precast
All buildings defined Bison
above
as Class 2A and 2B that exceed theBison
limits
on area and/or number ofBison
storeys.
Core slab unit
Bison precast
concrete Hollow
Bison precast
concrete Hollow
concrete Hollow Bison precast
Core slab unit
concrete Hollow
Core slab unit
Core slab unit
concrete Hollow
concrete Hollow
Core slab unit
Core slab unit
Core slab unit
These types of buildings require horizontal and vertical ties which are provided by the steel frame. Additionally the floors
must be tied to the steelwork at the perimeter and to each other for internal supports. Additional internal tying of the floor to
the steelwork is required where the frame is used for bracing.
TYPICAL SECTION EXTERNAL STEELWORK DETAILS
In-situ concrete stitch
In-situ concrete stitch
150 mm wide perfo
trough bottom
trough bottom
150 mm wide perforated
Reinforcement to suit
pocket along the edge
Structural Engineer’s
of slab unit at 1200 mm
design welded to top
centreswith 10 mm dia.
flange of steel beam at
‘U’ bar per socket
trough bottom
In-situ concrete stitch
In-situ concrete stitch
In-situ concrete stitch
Bison precast concrete
Bison precast concrete
precast
Bison precast Bison
concrete
Bison precast
Hollow Core slab units
Hollow Core slab units
concrete Hollow
Structural Engineer’s
with preformed troughs
with preformed troughs
concrete
Hollow Core slab
units Hollow
slab unit
with preformedCore
troughs
design
for tying requirements
for tying requirements
Reinforcement to suit
Structural Engineer’s
In-situ concrete stitch
In-situ concrete stitch
Shear stud
Shear stud
Bison precast
Bison precast
concrete Hollow
concrete Hollow
Core slab unit
Core slab unit
Reinforcement to suit
Reinforcement to suit
Structural Engineer’s
design
design welded to top
flange of steel beam at
Reinforcement to suit
Structural Engineer’s
design welded to top
flange of steel beam at
for tying requirements
Continuous wet
pocket along the e
of slab unit at 1200
centreswith 10 mm
‘U’ bar per socket
Core slab unit
Continuous wet
mortar, by Builder,
mortar, by Builder,
to take up camber
to take up camber
47
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
BUILDING REGULATIONS
PART E
CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
The Building Regulations Part E:2003 and the subsequent amendment May 2004 give guidance to the requirements for the
resistance to the passage of sound. For new build attached dwellings, two approaches may be made. Part E allows the developer
to choose between Pre Completion Testing (PCT) or, if available, a Robust Detail (RD) may be used by registering plots with Robust
Details Ltd. The Pre Completion Testing (PCT) and the Robust Detail (RD) requirements are given below.
Building Regulations Approved Document Part E
Airborne sound:
New Build
Change of use
Walls
min 45dB
min 43dB
Floors
min 45 dB
min 43dB
termed DnT,w +Ctr
max 62 dB
max 64 dB
termed LnT,w
Impact sound:
Floors
Robust Detail requirements (new build attached dwellings only)
Airborne sound:
Min/Max
Mean
Walls
min 47dB
min 50dB
Floors
min 47 dB
termed DnT,w +Ctr
Impact sound:
Floors
max 60 dB
max 57 dB
48
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL DETAILS PLEASE VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
termed LnT,w
SECTION
05
PART E
CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
TYPICAL SOUND ATTENUATION DETAIL
Min. 100mm thick blockwork
medium density (1350-1600kg/m3)
Yelofon E-strip acoustic edge strip
Nominal 8mm thick parge coat
65mm thick sand/cement screed or
Flexible cavity closer
40mm thick proprietary screed,
nominal 80kg/m2 mass per unit area
10mm Yelofon HD10+
200mm
100mm min.
200mm deep Bison Hollow Core
slab units (300kg/m2)
Gypsum-based board (nominal
8kg/m2) mounted on dabs on
cement/sand render (nominal
8mm) with scratch finish
100
75
100
275mm min.
49
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
BUILDING REGULATIONS
PART E MASONRY BUILDINGS
CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
ROBUST DETAILS SEPARATING FLOOR - CONCRETE E-FC-1
1
2
3
4
PRECAST CONCRETE HOLLOW CORE FLOOR
SLAB, SCREED
1.Floating floor See section 4 (Robust
Details Handbook) for suitable floating
floor treatment.
2. Screed 40mm (min) screed directly applied
to Hollow Core floor slabs - sand/cement or
proprietary screed nominal 80 kg/m2 mass per
unit area, see Appendix A
(Robust Details Handbook).
3. Structural floor 150mm (min) precast
concrete Hollow Core floor slab - 300kg/m2
mass per unit area.
4.Ceiling See section 3 (Robust Details
Handbook) for suitable ceiling treatment.
ROBUST DETAILS SEPARATING FLOOR - CONCRETE E-FC-4
1
2
3
4
PRECAST CONCRETE HOLLOW CORE
FLOOR SLAB, SCREED LAID ON ISORUBBER
RESILIENT LAYER
1. Screed 65mm (min) sand/cement screed,
or 40mm (min) proprietary screed, nominal
80kg/m2 mass per unit area.
2.Resilient layer 6mm IsoRubber layer
with IsoEdge flanking strip.
3. Structural floor 150mm (min) precast
concrete Hollow Core floor slab - 300kg/m 2
mass per unit area.
4.Ceiling See section 3 (Robust Details
Handbook) for suitable ceiling treatment
which is dependent on floorplank
depth and supporting wall density.
The requirements for a robust detail are taken from the
Robust Details Part E Handbook. The latest requirements
should always be sought from Robust Details Ltd.
50
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL DETAILS PLEASE VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
SECTION
05
PART E MASONRY BUILDINGS
CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
ROBUST DETAILS SEPARATING FLOOR - CONCRETE E-FC-5
1
2
3
4
PRECAST CONCRETE HOLLOW CORE
FLOOR SLAB, SCREED LAID ON ISORUBBER
RESILIENT LAYER
1. Screed 65mm (min) sand/cement screed,
or 40mm (min) proprietary screed, nominal
80kg/m2 mass per unit area.
2.Resilient layer YELOfon HD10+ with
E-strip perimeter edging and J-strip tape
for jointing.
3. Structural floor 150mm (min) precast
concrete Hollow Core floor slab - 300kg/m 2
mass per unit area.
4.Ceiling See section 3 (Robust Details
Handbook) for suitable ceiling treatment
which is dependent on floorplank
depth and supporting wall density.
51
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
4
14
5
15
6
16
7
17
8
BUILDING REGULATIONS
PART E STEEL FRAMED BUILDINGS
CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
TYPICAL DETAIL MASONRY WALLS
TYPICAL DETAIL STUD WALLS
INTERNAL SEPARATING FLOOR AND WALL
INTERNAL SEPARATING FLOOR AND WALL
100
74 100
30
min.
1
10
30
min.
1
11
1
2
12
2
3
13
3
100
74 100
2
30
min.
30
min.
11
9
12
10
13
11
14
12
13
6
4
5
15
5
6
16
6
14
7
8
8
16
9
7
17
15
17
10
Yelofon E-strip acoustic edge strip (by Cellecta).
10 Nominal 8mm thick parge coat (by Lafarge).
2
Minimum 40mm thick ‘Gyvlon’ Screed (by Lafarge).
11 12.5mm thick Echeck wallboard (by Lafarge).
3
Minimum 10mm Yelofon HD 10+ (by Cellecta).
12 Skirting board.
4
Min. 12.5mm thick ‘Lafarge’ Gypsum based ceiling
mm min.
board (min. 8kg/m2)335suspended
from a proprietary
9
275 mm min.
support system.
13 Yelofon J-strip acoustic jointing tape (by Cellecta).
8
9
102
1
11
Soft joint.
2
12
Compressible filler board.
3
13
Proprietary sliding brick anchor system.
4
14
5
15
100
2
floor units’ (300kg/m
).
1
10
Min. 100mm thick blockwork (medium density)
1800 -2300g/m3.
100
30
14 150 or 200mm min. deep ‘Bison Hollow
Core
min.
100
200
min. Bison Units
7
74 100
150
150
min. Bison Units
6
100
30
30
Acoustic quilt (by
min. Rockwool). min.
15
16
17
18
19
1
5
100
200
min. Bison Units
5
14
8
52
4
4
7
150
150
min. Bison Units
100
200
min. Bison Units
150
150
min. Bison Units
3
11
12
15 Grouted void between
P.C. units.
2
13
16 12.5mm thick Echeck wallboard (by Lafarge)
14
encasement to steelwork. Restrained via
proprietary framing system.
3
17 12.5mm thick Echeck wallboard (by Lafarge)
4
tacken up to u/side
of floor providing 1.0 hour
fire protection to
5 steelwork.
6
15
7
8
6
16
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL DETAILS PLEASE VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
9
7
17
10
8
16
17
18
19
100
200
min. Bison Units
30
min.
100
275 mm min.
150
150
min. Bison Units
275 mm min.
100
200
min. Bison Units
335 mm102
min. 100
9
150
150
min. Bison Units
335 mm min.
6
4
14
5
15
6
16
7
15
17
8
7
16
8
17
9
18
10
19
SECTION
05
PART E STEEL FRAMED BUILDINGS
CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
TYPICAL DETAIL MASONRY WALLS
TYPICAL DETAIL MASONRY WALLS
EXTERNAL WALL AND SEPARATING FLOOR
EXTERNAL WALL AND SEPARATING FLOOR
1
100
74 100
30
min.
2
1
2
3
100
100
30
min.
11
11
10
12
1
12
11
13
2
13
12
14
13
4
5
6
100
200
min. Bison Units
150
150
min. Bison Units
3
4
102
9
14
3
4
5
6
14
15
15
5
7
15
16
7
16
6
8
16
17
8
17
18
9
18
19
10
19
9
7
17
10
8
100
200
min. Bison Units
30
min.
30
min.
150
150
min. Bison Units
100
100
200
min. Bison Units
100
275 mm min.
150
150
min. Bison Units
335 mm min.
102
1
Yelofon E-strip acoustic edge strip (by Cellecta).
13 Skirting board.
2
Minimum 40mm thick ‘Gyvlon’ Screed (by Lafarge).
14
3
Yelofon J-strip acoustic jointing tape (by Cellecta).
15 Min. 12.5mm thick ‘Lafarge’ Gypsum based ceiling
4
Flexible cavity closer.
5
30
Acoustic 102
quilt100(by100Rockwool).
min.
11
6
Compressible
filler board.
1
12
7
2 joint.
Soft
13
17 2 No. layers of Echeck wallboard (by Lafarge)
External leaf.
14
encasement to steelwork. Restrained via
proprietary framing system.
8
9
Min. 10mm Yelofon HD10+ (by Cellecta).
board (min. 8kg/m2) suspended from a proprietary
support system.
16 150 or 200mm min. deep ‘Bison Hollow Core
floor units’ (300kg/m2).
5
11 Nominal
8mm thick parge coat (by Lafarge).
6
12 12.5mm
thick Echeck wallboard (by Lafarge).
100
200
min. Bison Units
150
150
min. Bison Units
Proprietary sliding brick anchor system.
3
10 Proprietary wall ties in accordance with approved
4
document
‘E’ (2003), section 2.
18 12.5mm thick Echeck wallboard (by Lafarge)
taken up to u/side of floor providing 1.0 hour
fire protection to steelwork.
19 Min. 100mm thick blockwork (medium density)
1800 -2300g/m3.
15
7
16
8
17
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
9
18
10
19
53
4
12
5
13
6
14
7
8
15
BUILDING REGULATIONS
PART E STEEL FRAMED BUILDINGS
CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
TYPICAL DETAIL STUD WALLS
TYPICAL DETAIL STUD WALLS
INTERNAL SEPARATING FLOOR AND WALL
INTERNAL WALL AND SEPARATING FLOOR
1
9
9
2
10
2
2
10 10
3
11
3
3
11 11
150
150
min. Bison Units
100
200
min. Bison Units
4
5
6
100
200
min. Bison Units
1
150
150
100
200
min. Bison
Bison Units
Units
min.
9
150
150
min. Bison Units
1
7
4
12
4
5
13
5
13 13
6
14
6
14 14
7
15
8
15 16
7
8
15
8
12 12
17
18
1
Yelofon E-strip acoustic edge strip (by Cellecta).
2
Minimum 40mm thick ‘Gyvlon’ Screed (by Lafarge).
3
Minimum 10mm Yelofon HD 10+ (by Cellecta).
4
10mm Aerofoil isolation layer.
5
Min.112.5mm thick ‘Lafarge’ Gypsum based
ceiling
9
board (min. 8kg/m2) suspended from a proprietary
2
10
support system.
8
RSP 38 modified Lafarge stud system.
10
4
12 150 or 200mm
min. deep Bison Hollow Core
floor units5 (300kg/m2).
6
13 Grouted void
between P.C. units.
7
4
12
5
13
6
14
14 12.5mm thick Echeck wallboard (by Lafarge)
8 to steelwork. Restrained via
encasement
proprietary framing system.
15 Deflection head detail.
7
8
12
13
14
15
15
16
17
54
18
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL DETAILS PLEASE VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
100
200
min. Bison Units
Deflection Tolerance.
10 Timber sole
2 plate.
150
150
min. Bison Units
7
RSP 38 modified Lafarge stud system studs.
Two 50mm C studs at 600mm centres.
Facings.
2 layers Lafarge 15mm dBcheck wallboard
both sides.
Insulation.
3
50mm glass
mineral wool density 19.5 kg/m9
.
1
3
11
11 Yelofon J-strip
acoustic jointing tape (by Cellecta).
11
100
200
min. Bison Units
Acoustic quilt.
150
150
min. Bison Units
3
6
9
4
12
5
13
8
12
13
6
14
14
7
15
8
15
16
17
18
SECTION
05
PART E STEEL FRAMED BUILDINGS
CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
TYPICAL DETAIL STUD WALLS
EXTERNAL SEPARATING FLOOR AND WALL
EXTERNAL WALL AND SEPARATING FLOOR
9
9
1
9
2
2
10
10
2
10
3
3
11
11
3
11
5
6
7
4
4
150
150
min. Bison Units
150
150
min. Bison Units
4
100
200
min. Bison Units
1
100
200
min. Bison Units
150
150
min. Bison Units
1
5
6
7
12
12
5
13
13
13
6
14
14
14
15
15
16
16
17
17
18
18
8
7
8
100
200
min. Bison Units
TYPICAL DETAIL STUD WALLS
15
8
1
Tyvek breather membrane 12.5 moisture resistant
wallboard and 36mm polyfoam plus.
2
Yelofon E-strip acoustic edge strip (by Cellecta).
3
Yelofon J-strip acoustic jointing tape (by Cellecta).
4
Timber sole plate.
5
10mm Aerofoil isolation layer.
6
Flexible
cavity closer.
3
7
Acoustic
quilt (by Rockwool).
4
8
5
External
cladding 102mm brick or 100mm
block
+
16mm
render.
6
9
Lafarge
stud system studs.
7
CS90/Y
Lafarge
C studs at 600mm centres.
8
12
Facings.
13
1 layer Lafarge 12.5mm firecheck wallboard
14
on 1 layer 12.5mm vapourcheck wallboard.
Insulation.
15
90mm rockwool flex.
1
9
2
10
12
10 Skirting board.
11 Minimum 40mm thick ‘Gyvlon’ Screed (by Lafarge).
12 Minimum 10mm Yelofon HD 10+ (by Cellecta).
13 150 or 200mm min. deep Bison Hollow Core
floor units (300kg/m2).
14 Min. 12.5mm thick ‘Lafarge’ Gypsum based ceiling
board (min. 8kg/m2) suspended from a proprietary
support system.
100
200
min. Bison Units
150
150
min. Bison Units
11
15 2No. layers of Echeck wallboard (by Lafarge)
encasement to steelwork. Restrained via
proprietary framing system.
16 Deflection tolerance.
17 Deflection head detail.
18 Lafarge stud system (see above).
16
17
18
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
55
2
9
3
10
BUILDING REGULATIONS
4
11
5
12
6
13
100
200
min. Bison Units
8
150
150
min. Bison Units
1
PART E CONCRETE WALLS
CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
175 mm
TYPICAL DETAIL SECTION
TYPICAL DETAIL SECTION
A TYPICAL INTERNAL SEPARATING WALL
A TYPICAL INTERNAL SEPARATING WALL
2
9
2
3
10
3
7
8
8
1
9
9
2
10
10
150
150
min. Bison Units
100
200
min. Bison Units
3
4
5
4
11
4
6
11
11
5
12
5
7
12
12
6
13
6
13
13
100
200
min. Bison Units
1
150
100
200
min. Bison Units
8
150
150
min. Bison Units
1
100
100
200
min. Bison
150
150Units
min. Bison Units
102
150
150
min. Bison Units
7
14
175 mm
175 mm 150 mm
8
Dry pack mortar.
2
Minimum 40mm thick ‘Gyvlon’ Screed
7 (by Lafarge).
9
Skirting board.
3
Minimum
10mm Yelofon HD 10+ (by 8
Cellecta).
1
10 Yelofon J-strip acoustic jointing tape (by Cellecta).
8
4
Min.
2 12.5mm thick ‘Lafarge’ Gypsum9based ceiling
board (min. 8kg/m2) suspended from a proprietary
3
10
support
system.
11 150 or 200mm
min. deep ‘Bison Hollow Core9
1
5
Acoustic sealant.
6
175mm thick concrete wall.
7
3mm Plaster skim on
4 Lafarge wallboard
11
15mm
12mm Metal furring channel on dabs
5
12
35mm cavity with
6 mineral fibre.
13
25mm
100
200
min. Bison Units
Yelofon E-strip acoustic edge strip (by Cellecta).
150
150
min. Bison Units
1
102
100
150
floor units (300kg/m2).
2
12 In-situ concrete infill.
3
13 3mm Plaster skim on
4
15mm Lafarge wallboard
5 furring channel on dabs
12mm Metal
35mm cavity with
6
25mm mineral fibre.
7
10
11
12
13
14
175 mm
150 mm
56
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL DETAILS PLEASE VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
7
102
100
150
1
8
2
9
1
9
3
10
2
10
4
5
SECTION
4
11
6
11
5
12
7
12
05
13
13
PART E CONCRETE WALLS
14
CONSTRUCTION SOLUTIONS
175 mm
150 mm
TYPICAL DETAIL SECTION
TYPICAL DETAIL SECTION
THROUGH A TYPICAL EXTERNAL WALL
THROUGH A TYPICAL EXTERNAL WALL
102
100
150
1
7
102
8
8
100
150
8
9
9
1
9
3
2
10
10
2
10
5
150
150
min. Bison Units
4
3
100
200
min. Bison Units
150
150
min. Bison Units
3
150
150
min. Bison Units
1
100
200
min. Bison Units
2
4
5
4
6
11
11
6
11
5
7
12
12
7
12
13
13
13
14
14
6
175 mm
150 mm
150 mm
1
Yelofon E-strip acoustic edge strip (by Cellecta).
2
Yelofon J-strip acoustic jointing tape (by Cellecta).
3
102 100
Dry pack
mortar.150
4
Flexible cavity closer.
5
1
9
In-situ concrete infill.
2
10
150mm concrete wall.
3
3mm Plaster skim on
4
15mm
Lafarge wallboard
12mm
Metal furring channel on dabs
5
35mm cavity with
6
11
25mm
mineral fibre.
7
3mm Plaster skim on
15mm Lafarge wallboard
12mm Metal furring channel on dabs
35mm cavity with
25mm mineral fibre.
9
Skirting board.
12
13
10 Minimum 40mm thick ‘Gyvlon’ Screed (by Lafarge).
100
200
min. Bison Units
7
8
8
150
150
min. Bison Units
6
100
200
min. Bison Units
6
100
200
min. Bison Units
150
150
min. Bison Units
3
100
200
min. Bison Units
150
150
min. Bison Units
8
11 Minimum 10mm Yelofon HD 10+ (by Cellecta).
12 150 or 200mm min. deep Bison Hollow Core
floor units (300kg/m2).
13 Min. 12.5mm thick ‘Lafarge’ Gypsum based ceiling
board (min. 8kg/m2) suspended from a proprietary
support system.
14 Acoustic sealant.
14
150 mm
57
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS & HEALTH AND SAFETY
BISON PRECAST FLOORING
SPECIFICATIONS
MANUFACTURE
1.1
Bison floors are manufactured by the long line prestressed method using slip form or extrusion techniques.
The units are cast on heated steel beds within an enclosed factory environment.
1.2
The materials used in the manufacture of Bison floors comply with the relevant British Standard for that material.
1.3
An air entraining agent complying with BS EN 934-2-2001 is included in the concrete mix to improve workability.
1.4
Reinforcement is generally 5mm diameter high tensile wire or 12.5mm diameter strand complying with the
requirements of B.S.5896:1980.
1.5
Bison units are sawn to length on the manufacturing bed and are supplied as standard with plain sawn ends
with open cores.
DIMENSIONS
2.1
2.2
Bison units are manufactured in nominal sizes as follows :
Standard nominal width of all units is 1200mm.
Solid :
Depth
75mm
100mm
Hollow :
Depth
150mm
200mm
260mm
300mm
250mm
400mm
450mm
Cross-sectional tolerances are within the limits set out in clause 6.2.8.3. of B.S. 8110:1997. Length tolerances are ± 20 mm.
2.3
Bison units will have an upward camber due to pre-stressing as described in clause 6.2.8.4. of B.S.8110:1997.
2.4
Edges are shaped to form a grout joint giving a shear key to distribute load to adjacent units. Where non-standard widths
are provided the edge will be rough cut from a standard unit.
FINISHES
3.1
Concrete surface finish to soffit is Type A finish as described in clause 6.2.7.3. of B.S.8110:1997.
The soffit is suitable for the direct application of a textured paint finish where this is applied in accordance with
the manufacturers instructions.
Where a plaster finish is intended it may be necessary to use a bonding agent in accordance with the instructions
of the plaster manufacturer. Plaster finishes are not recommended on longer spans.
3.2
Sides and top surfaces are ‘as extruded’ as described in Table 5.5 of B.S.8110:1997.
3.3
Units may accumulate water within the cores due to exposure during the construction programme. The General
Contractor should drill weep holes as necessary, or keep them clear where they are provided during manufacture.
58
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL DETAILS PLEASE VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
SECTION
06
BISON PRECAST FLOORING
SPECIFICATIONS
DESIGN
4.1
The design of Bison units is in accordance with the requirements and recommendations of B.S.8110:1997
“The Structural Use of Concrete.”
4.2
Load/Span capacity : The reinforcement pattern within a Bison section will vary according to the design
loading specified.
4.3
Exposure Condition : The standard Bison section is suitable for a XCI exposure classification as defined
in Table 3.2 of BS 8500:2002. Other exposure classes can be adopted subject to design approval from Bison
Technical Department.
4.4
Fire Resistance : Fire resistance is based upon the tabulated data contained within B.S. 8110 Part 2 Section 4.
Sections are available for fire periods of 1 hour or 2 hours, without the addition of further finishes.These periods of
fire resistance may be further enhanced by the application of appropriate finishes.
4.5
Serviceability : The standard Bison section is designed to meet the criteria of Class 3 as set out in clause 4.1.3
of B.S.8110.1997 Designs to Class 1 and Class 2 are available if required.
4.6
Sound Insulation : The requirements of The Building Regulations are that a floor construction incorporating
the use of precast concrete units should have a minimum mass which is dependent upon whether the finishes to
the top surface are directly applied or are on a separating layer. The mass of Bison unit sections are given in the
technical data and are net weights of standard hollow sections.
4.7
Horizontal & Vertical Ties : Ties necessary to satisfy the requirements for accidental damage should be
specified by the Engineer with responsibility for the design of the overall structure in accordance with the
Code of Practice.
4.8
Bearings : Level and structurally adequate bearings for Bison precast units should be provided by other
contractors. These should generally be 100 mm for masonry or 75 mm for concrete or steelwork, but may be
reduced in accordance with clause 5.2.3 of B.S.8110:1997.
4.9
Holes : Small holes up to 60 mm diameter may be drilled on site through the Hollow Cores, care being taken
to avoid damage to the reinforced ribs. Larger holes may be cut subject to the design capacity of the slab.
4.10
Grouting : Joints between units should be grouted with a 30 N/mm2 concrete using a 6 mm nominal
aggregate size.
4.11
Propping : Where the slab design requires site propping, this should be carried out in strict accordance with the
Bison drawings.
59
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS & HEALTH AND SAFETY
BISON PRECAST FLOORING
SPECIFICATIONS
QUALITY ASSURANCE
Bison operates a Quality Management System which complies with the requirements of ISO 9001: 2000 for the
following scope: design, manufacture and erection of ancillary cube products (including reinforced and normally
reinforced concrete). Prestressed floor units are subject to end product testing. Prestressed and ancillary concrete
is subject to full design approval, traceable to current codes of practise statutory/regulatory requirements.
All Bison U.K. factories have been assessed by the British Standards Institution (B.S.I.) and awarded Certificates of
Assessed Capability under the scheme covering Quality Assurance for the manufacture of precast concrete floors.
As a customer, you can be sure that all aspects of our production, design detailing and quality control have been
independently inspected and have achieved the high level of competence and quality required by the
British Standards Institution.
The company maintains a policy of continuous development, and reserves the right to change specification and
details without prior notice.
FM 00011
BISON PRECAST FLOORING
HEALTH & SAFETY
This information must be read in conjunction with:
•
Health , Safety & Welfare Attendances (supply & erect only).
•
C.O.S.H.H information sheet – Precast Elements.
•
Unit weight table.
•
Information sheet: Lifters & Chains, supplier hire or purchase.
•
Technical Information Sheet, Handling & Fixing Instructions for:
Sheet No.
TI/304/10
Hollow Core
Sheet No.
TI/304/11
Solid Composite Precast Elements
Sheet No.
TI/304/12
Prestressed Housebeam & Deepbeam
Sheet No.
TI/304/13
Bison Precast Stairs & Landings
Sheet No.
TI/304/15
Floor products with cast-in lifters
Sheet No.
TI/304/16
Trailasafe®
The Bison website www.bison.co.uk contains detailed information and data sheets on all products.
Alternatively call the Health & Safety Department at our Burton office Tel 01283 495000 .
60
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL DETAILS PLEASE VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
SECTION
06
BISON PRECAST FLOORING
HEALTH AND SAFETY
Safety Do’s & Don’ts
The do’s & don’ts listed below are by no means fully exhaustive-you should also refer to the current issue of the Precast
Flooring Federation Code of Practice available on Tel 0116 253 6161.
•
Do not alter the product without written permission from Bison Design Office, altering the product may compromise
its structural integrity and lead to failure. This includes notching, hole forming, shortening, narrowing the unit etc.
•
Do not alter the product in-situ, any permissible alterations must be completed on a flat stable platform. i.e. on the
ground or floor area.
•
Do not allow anyone to walk or work beneath the product whilst it is being hoisted or suspended.
•
Do not work in areas without the appropriate perimeter edge protection, handrails, guardrails, platforms or stages.
•
Do not access working areas without properly constructed, maintained, secured and illuminated, stairways, ramps,
ladders or the like.
•
Where lifting hooks are specified within a contract, do hoist the units by crane using ALL the lifting points in the top
surface provided for that purpose. Prior to lifting safety chains must be loosely slung around the underside of the
unit. The safety chains may only be released immediately before the slab is placed in its final position.
•
For insurance purposes, Bison do not supply or hire lifters or chain sets. Please refer to our information sheets for
details of supplier hire or purchase.
•
Do not run plant or store equipment on the precast floor before it is grouted and cured. Once cured do not exceed
the loads specified by the engineer.
•
Do use a passive fall protection system wherever reasonably practicable considering all heights where the potential
fall distance could result in an injury.
•
Do ensure that perimeter edge scaffolding is positioned no more than 900mm below the bearing level particularly on
masonry construction.
•
Do ensure all voids created whilst placing units are adequately protected during and after erection.
•
Do ensure all brickwork, blockwork or concrete is adequately cured, stable and fit to receive precast concrete units,
and that steelwork is stable.
•
Do ensure the stability of support beams, lintels etc. is considered, particularly the rotation of support member due
to unequal loading.
•
Do ensure you include allowance for site handling by referring to the unit weight table.
•
Do ensure that all lifting equipment is supplied, used and inspected in accordance with current legislation.
•
Do ensure all lifting operations are completed and in accordance with current legislation.
•
Do wear adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) whilst handling or cutting concrete.
NOTE; Due to the principle constituents of cement, the liquid released whilst drilling drainage points etc is likely to
have a caustic effect on the eyes and skin. For further information or to obtain the latest issue COSHH data sheet for
cement call our Health & Safety Department at our Burton office Tel 01283 495000.
61
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
RELATED PRODUCTS
Lifting hook being loaded into machine.
From transport to final position with ease and speed.
Bison Lifting Hooks
This is a unique system from Bison, available with our Hollow Core flooring. The hooks are machine inserted during the production
process, for which Bison holds the European patent. The hooks enable faster, safer and more accurate erection. They also offer
cost savings by minimising damage to soffit and blockwork bearings.
HEATED AND COOLED SLABS
Bison and velta have joined forces to provide an innovative, sustainable and cost effective
floor heating and cooling system which is precast in to Bison flooring products.
DESIGN
MANUFACTURING
The system utilises low temperature water for heating and high
Precast concrete elements are designed and constructed in
temperature water for cooling to condition a building, which
the factory with a velta PE-Xa pipe matrix cast directly into the
provides the opportunity to use renewable energy sources.
precast slab or Hollow Core unit to offer a combined heating
A sustainable alternative, which can significantly reduce
and cooling solution.
CO2 emissions over the life of the building.
This service covers the design, off-site manufacture and
Substantial savings in investment, maintenance and
installation of precast, pre-stressed Hollow Core flooring,
operational costs, compared to conventional
precast multi-storey wall panel structures and other bespoke
air-conditioning systems.
solutions with an in built heating and cooling capability.
The requirements for flexible space utilisation and variable
partitioning are easily met.
Clear benefits to occupants, no noise and no draughts,
producing a comfortable and productive environment.
CONSTRUCTION
Off-site production reduces construction programmes
and improves quality control.
Elimination of suspended ceilings can reduce building
62
height and lower construction costs.
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL DETAILS PLEASE VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
SECTION
07
HEALTH AND SAFETY PRODUCTS
Health and Safety is a major concern for Bison, and we have developed a range of methods and systems which help to
ensure that anyone using Bison products can do so with minimal risk to themselves or others.
Trailasafe®
Trailasafe® is designed to prevent or mitigate injuries
resulting from falls from trailer decks. Comprising
synthetic mesh suspended from a series of brackets
housing support arms, the system arrests the fall of
personnel, absorbing the energy of their descent and
ensuring their safety. Fully demountable, the system can
be stored within the vehicle or at the unloading point.
THE BISON AIR MAT
The Bison Air Mat system has been tested by the BRE
and approved by the HSE. The Bison Air Mat system
comprises a series of interconnected and interlinked
mats available in a wide range of standard sizes. Using
a combination of modules they will accommodate
almost any floor area. Where the edges of an area to be
protected are open, or have large vertical voids that may
pose the hazard of “roll-off” fall to a lower area, special
parapet and corner mats can be provided.
Hole Covers
Voids such as service holes, formed in precast floor units
are trip hazards and have the potential to cause serious
injuries. Bison’s solution is the Hole Filler: a strong yet
slimlined product which is suitable for most holes.
The yellow, anti-slip cover is fully reusable and comes in
two sizes, 250mm or 350mm square. Each may be either
screwed down or fitted without the need for power tools,
by spreading the unit legs, locking it into position.
63
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
BISON ONLINE
www.bison.co.uk
For further information on Bison Precast Concrete Flooring and the full
range of Bison products and services, visit www.bison.co.uk or call the
Bison sales team on 01283 495000
64
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL DETAILS PLEASE VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
SECTION
08
FLOORS
HOLLOW CORE
FLOORS
HOLLOW CORE
COMPOSITE FLOORS
SOLID
COMPOSITE FLOORS
BEAM AND BLOCK
FLOORS
COMPOSITE STEEL
BEAM DESIGN
HOLLOW CORE
INSULATED FLOORS
FRAMES
STADIA
STAIRS
HEALTH AND SAFETY
LIFTING HOOKS
TRAILASAFE®
AIR MATS
65
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
BISON NOTES
66
For EXTENSIVE TECHNICAL DETAILS PLEASE VISIT our website: www.bison.co.uk
SECTION
09
67
For further HELP AND INFORMATION PLEASE CALL OUR TECHNICAL HELP LINE: 01283 495334
BISON CONCRETE
PRODUCTS Ltd
Millennium Court,
First Avenue, Centrum 100,
Burton-Upon-Trent
DE14 2WR
Telephone: 01283 495000
Facsimile: 01283 544900
Email: concrete@bison.co.uk
Web: www.bison.co.uk
OTHER BROCHURES
AVAILABLE
• Staircases
• Stadia Products
• Crosswalls
• Lattice Flooring
• Beam & Block Flooring
• Safety Systems
Printed on 100% recyclable paper
using vegetable based inks
August 2007
All dimensions and illustrations in this publication are intended for guidance only and shall not constitute a “sale by description”.
All dimensions given are nominal and Bison Limited may modify and change the information, products and specifications from time
to time for a variety of reasons without prior notice. The information printed in this publication at the time of going to print, to the
best of our knowledge, is correct and is not intended to have any legal effect, whether by way of advice, representation or warranty
(express or implied). We accept no liability whatsoever (to the extent permitted by law) if you place any reliance on this guide you
must do so at your own risk.
All rights reserved. Copyright in this publication belongs to Bison and all such copyright may not be used, sold, copied or
reproduced, in whole or part, in any manner or in any media to any person without prior written consent.