Electron
S.R.L.
Design
Production &
Trading of
Educational
Equipment
A4 - BASIC ELECTRICAL MACHINES
TRAINING SYSTEM
ELECTRON S.R.L. VIA CASCINA TORCHIO I-26833 MERLINO (LO) ITALY - TEL. 39(Italy) 02(Milan) 9065 9200
FAX 9065 9180 - E-mail: electron@electron.it Web: www.electron.it
Rev 01
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File LEAFLET A4
ELECTRICAL MACHINES LABORATORY
Overall View
R, CSingle & Three Phase Transformers Tests
Loads
Speed AC & DC Motors Tests with
M∼/=
Individual
Instruments or
Power Analyzer
(V, I, VA, W,
Cosϕ)
A0240
Universal
Power
Supply
AC
1Ph / 3Ph
DC
M
Loads
Paralleling Board AC Generators
& Instruments
Manual Switch
Starters
M
Electronic AC
& DC Motor
Drivers
M
Loads
R, C, L Loads
& Instruments
PC Test System
M/G
∼/=
M
M
G=
M=
ELECTRON S.R.L. VIA CASCINA TORCHIO I-26833 MERLINO (LO) ITALY - TEL. 39(Italy) 02(Milan) 9065 9200
FAX 9065 9180 - E-mail: electron@electron.it Web: www.electron.it
Rev 01
File LEAFLET A4
G∼/=
G=
Tests
R, C, L
G∼
Phase
Shifter
Power Factor
Correction
page - 2 -
R, C, L
G∼
Start/Excitation
Rheostats
Protection
Relays
Specifications may change without notice
Generator, Eddy Current or
Powder Brakes
Torque
Meters
R Load
& Instruments
R, C, L Loads
Instruments &
Paralleling Board
R, C, L Loads
& Instruments
Phase Shifter
Tests
DC Generators
Tests
Multifunction Electrical
Machines System
Ward-Leonard DC Motor
Control
ELECTRICAL MACHINES TECHNOLOGY MODULE
GENERAL DESIGN
CONSIDERATIONS
The common objective guiding the design of
this equipment is the development of tools
that are the core of training programs about
the latest manufacturing and service
technologies and techniques.
In following these programs the students
acquire theoretical knowledge and practical
experience on machines that are basically of
an industrial type, but so arranged as to
provide maximum learning profitability to
them.
Also great attention has been given to the
human interface to provide a system that is
safe, user friendly, easy to understand,
continuously updated and tuned to the
actual industrial, real life world.
Some of the design features that provide our
equipment with an outstanding training
value are described below.
CONSTRUCTION
The ELECTRICAL MACHINES TRAINER
provides a complete range of
integrated teaching equipment for the
various subjects of both AC and DC
machines.
All equipment is implemented in rugged
enclosures. The modules can be optionally
mounted on an alluminium frame, when
being exercised or when stored, and can be
used both for individual or for group
demonstration purposes.
The machines within the same power range
are fully compatible among them, both
mechanically and electrically. They can be
easily and quickly assembled on a test
board that ensures safe coupling and
noiseless, smooth and vibration free
running.
Educational boards with 4 mm safety
terminals and printed electrical diagrams
are mounted on each machine.
Half-coupling joints are provided with shock
absorbers and rotating parts are covered
with protection guards.
Different types of brakes and dynamometers
are available for controlling and measuring
the loads of the motors under test.
Torque measuring is bi-directional by means
of a mechanical levelling system or a thin
film strain gauge load cell. Speed and
torque readings are normally digital.
However,
analog,
or
analog-digital
instruments are available on request.
A computerized electrical machine test
system is available to read and process the
parameters of machines under test. By
entering data manually the tests can be
simulated.
Brakes are sized for a breaking power
greater than the overload power of the
motors.
Power range of the machines, and therefore
power requirements, can vary from the S
series (fractional Horse Power), to the M
series (approximately 1 KW) and the L series
(up to 5 Kw).
For the operation of a typical experimental
group, a bench with a working area of
2000 x 700 mm is required.
ELECTRON S.R.L. VIA CASCINA TORCHIO I-26833 MERLINO (LO) ITALY - TEL. 39(Italy) 02(Milan) 9065 9200
FAX 9065 9180 - E-mail: electron@electron.it Web: www.electron.it
Rev 01
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File LEAFLET A4
EXPERIMENTAL GROUPS
TEACHING LEVEL
Several different experimental groups can
be selected by the user, each group using
the same power supply, loads and
control/accessory modules. The attached
selection matrix may be used to identify the
essential and the recommended items
required to provide complete experimental
components for each type of machine.
Each electrical machine test bench is
normally intended for 3 to 4 students
groups, but can be easily handled by two.
The system requires a three-phase supply, 5
wire, 220/380 V, 50 Hz (or according to
local voltages).
The flexible and modular design enables to
select a wide range of electrical machines
test methods, varying in complexity from
simple motor load test up to fully automated
PC based measurement and control system.
Therefore the teaching level can vary from
the technician level up to graduate level and
researcher.
SAFETY
Our power supply is provided with built-in
differential, earth leakage and magnetothermal protections that ensure a safe
operation and protection of the equipment
against damages caused by incorrect use.
An over-speed protection is available on
request.
Electrical connections are performed via 4
mm safety cables and terminals. Use of our
set of cables is recommended
FLEXIBILITY AND COMPATIBILITY
The instruments provided are electrically
compatible with the various machines of the
range. Load modules can be connected in
series, parallel, delta and star with no
limitation, and are suitable for testing
generators and transformers even in
overload conditions
EXPANSIONS AND INTERFACING
The electrical machines test systems can be
integrated with our power electronic drivers
for open or closed loop speed control of DC
motors and variable speed control of AC
motors. Included are computer interfaces for
real time monitoring and control techniques
under varying load conditions
ORIGIN
Our electrical machines and accessories
are manufactured in Italy.
COURSEWARE
An experiment manual is provided which
contains, for each experiment, a theoretical
review,
circuit
diagrams,
experiment
execution procedure in a step by step
approach and worksheets for tabling and
graphing the experiment results. Some of
the typical experiments covered are listed
below (others can be designed by the user
as necessary).
ELECTRON S.R.L. VIA CASCINA TORCHIO I-26833 MERLINO (LO) ITALY - TEL. 39(Italy) 02(Milan) 9065 9200
FAX 9065 9180 - E-mail: electron@electron.it Web: www.electron.it
Rev 01
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File LEAFLET A4
SINGLE AND THREE PHASE TRANSFORMERS
MEASUREMENT OF WINDING RESISTANCE
MEASUREMENT OF TRANSFORMATION RATIO
NO LOAD TEST
SHORT CIRCUIT TEST
AC ASYNCHRONOUS MACHINES
MEASUREMENT OF WINDING RESISTANCE
MEASUREMENT OF SLIP RING MOTOR TRANSFORMATION RATIO
NO LOAD TEST
SHORT CIRCUIT TEST
DETERMINATION OF WORKING CHARACTERISTICS
AC SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES
MEASUREMENT OF WINDING RESISTANCE
NO LOAD TEST
SHORT CIRCUIT TEST
DETERMINATION OF WORKING CHARACTERISTICS
DC MACHINES
MEASUREMENT OF WINDING RESISTANCE
MAGNETIC CHARACTERISTIC
NO LOAD TEST
DETERMINATION OF WORKING CHARACTERISTICS
ELECTRON S.R.L. VIA CASCINA TORCHIO I-26833 MERLINO (LO) ITALY - TEL. 39(Italy) 02(Milan) 9065 9200
FAX 9065 9180 - E-mail: electron@electron.it Web: www.electron.it
Rev 01
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File LEAFLET A4
COMPUTER BASED SYSTEM
SYSTEM SELECTION
In alternative to the manual test system, the
above experiments can be executed with a
computer based system. In this case the
electrical machines are connected to a data
acquisition box that communicates with a
personal computer. The parameters of the
tests are read directly into the computer
where they are processed for presentation in
tables and graphs.
The experiments can also be simulated by
entering data manually through the PC
keyboard. Four software programs are
available for testing Transformers, AC
Asynchronous Machines, AC Synchronous
Machines and DC Machines respectively
To better clarify the use of the Components
Selection Table shown below, we propose
an example of how a complete list of the
required equipment can be produced.
1. Course content
First of all the course subjects must be
defined:
in or example it is assumed that the course
will cover three and single phase
transformers, three phase motors and
generators, single phase motors, DC motors
and generators.
2. Number of students and stations
Then, the number of students:
the laboratory of our example will include
24 students, 3 per test station, therefore 8
stations will be required.
3. Parallel work or rotation
A compromise must be reached between
simultaneous operation on 8 identical
stations (which can simplify the laboratory
supervision
but
requires
equipment
duplication), and student rotation (which
reduces the equipment need but requires
careful planning).
It is decided to provide the following 8 test
stations and one instrument bench
ADVANTAGES
The following are the distinct advantages of the
ELECTRON test systems:
− Any machine can be coupled with any
other.
− Due to the unique ELECTRON motor
fastening system, the position of the
machine shaft on the three axes (X, Y
and Z) can be easily and precisely
adjusted.
− By means of a simple kit of accessories
it is possible to mechanically couple
any machines of the same power range,
− expand the laboratory possibilities and
rationalise the set of equipment to avoid
any unwanted duplication.
All units are designed to perfectly integrate
each other. For example, the power supply
is suitable for the educational machines, for
the motor and transformer kits and for the
motor assembling system; the electrical
machines are fully compatible with the
power electronics trainer of the electronics
section
ELECTRON S.R.L. VIA CASCINA TORCHIO I-26833 MERLINO (LO) ITALY - TEL. 39(Italy) 02(Milan) 9065 9200
FAX 9065 9180 - E-mail: electron@electron.it Web: www.electron.it
Rev 01
Specifications may change without notice
page - 6 -
File LEAFLET A4
TEST STATIONS
Test stations N° 1 and 2 - Single and 3phase
transformers
Composed by 2 sets of :
Single phase transformer
Three phase transformer
Power supply
Resistive Load
Power measuring module
Set of cables
Working bench
Panel support
and 1 set of:
Capacitive load
Inductive load
Test stations N° 3 and 4 - Single and three
phase motors
Composed by 2 sets of:
Squirrel cage motor
Power supply
Coupling base
Eddy current brake
Tachometer
Power measuring module
Set of cables
Working bench
Panel support
and 1 set of:
Synchronous machine
2 speed motor
Capacitor motor
Starting rheostat
Excitation rheostat
Load cell
Star-delta starter
Two speed starter
Speed control trainer
Test stations N° 5 and 6 - Three phase
generators
Composed by 2 sets of :
Synchronous machine
Power supply
Coupling base
DC driving motor
Resistive load
Tachometer
Power measuring module
Set of cables
Working bench
Panel support
and 1 set of:
Starting rheostat
Excitation rheostat
Inductive load
Capacitive load
Paralleling board
Test stations N° 7 and 8 - DC motors and
generators
Composed by 2 sets of :
DC machine compound excitation
DC machine series excitation
Power supply
Coupling base
DC machine shunt excitation in brake
version
Resistive load
Tachometer
Working bench
Set of cables
Panel support
and 1 set of:
Torque measuring by load cell
Starting rheostat
Excitation rheostat
Speed control trainer
Power electronics trainer
Instrument Bench - Automatic test system
Composed by one set of :
Measuring instruments with serial
interface
PC and related Software
Data acquisition box
Working bench
Note:
Machines and other accessories for this
test bench are obtained from the above
8 stations.
ELECTRON S.R.L. VIA CASCINA TORCHIO I-26833 MERLINO (LO) ITALY - TEL. 39(Italy) 02(Milan) 9065 9200
FAX 9065 9180 - E-mail: electron@electron.it Web: www.electron.it
Rev 01
Specifications may change without notice
page - 7 -
File LEAFLET A4
ELECTRICAL MACHINES TECHNOLOGY
COMPONENTS SELECTION TABLE
Description
Code
Q.ty
Essential/
Recomm.
(for 24
Students)
min/max
Purpose
POWER SUPPLIES
Universal Power Supply
A0240
E/R
Single Phase
A4110
E/R
Three Phase
A4120
E/R
Squirrel Cage Motor
A4220
E/R
Slip Ring Motor
A4222
E/R
Synchronous Machine
A4223
E/R
Two Speed Motor
A4224
E/R
A4223
E/R
Provides variable AC and DC supplies for
powering AC and DC machines; extensive
protections are included against misuse
6/8
TRANSFORMERS
For Lab experiences and single phase
voltage step-up/down
For Lab experiences and three phase
voltage step-up/down
6/8
6/8
THREE PHASE MOTORS
For Lab experiences and as a driver for AC
and DC generators and for studying
different starting methods
For Lab experiences, as a driver for AC and
DC generators and as voltage phase shifter
for studying rotating magnetic fields
For Lab experiences, as AC generator and
synchronous motor
For Lab experiences , as a driver and for
studying motor speed controls
6/8
6/8
6/8
6/8
THREE PHASE GENERATORS
Synchronous Machine
For Lab experiences, as AC generator and
synchronous motor
3/4 (*)
SINGLE PHASE MOTORS
Capacitor Run Motor
A4230
E/R
Capacitor Start Motor
A4232
E/R
Universal Motor
A4234
E/R
For Lab experiences, as a driver motor and
for studying single phase motors starting
methods and ways of producing rotating
magnetic fields
For Lab experiences, as a driver motor and
for studying single phase motors starting
methods and ways of producing rotating
magnetic fields
For Lab experiences, as a driver motor,
repulsion motor and for studying effects of
magnetic fields
(*) See also Three Phase Motors Section
ELECTRON S.R.L. VIA CASCINA TORCHIO I-26833 MERLINO (LO) ITALY - TEL. 39(Italy) 02(Milan) 9065 9200
FAX 9065 9180 - E-mail: electron@electron.it Web: www.electron.it
Rev 01
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File LEAFLET A4
4/6
4/6
4/6
Description
Code
Q.ty
Essential/
Recomm.
(for 24
Students)
min/max
Purpose
DC MACHINES
Compound Excitation
A4240
E/R
For Lab experiences, as driver DC motor
and DC generator
4/6
Series Excitation
A4242
E/R
For Lab experiences and DC driver motor
4/6
Shunt Excitation
A4244
E/R
For Lab experiences, as driver DC motor
and DC generator
4/6
ASSEMBLING KITS
Motor Assembling Kit
A3110
E/R
Transformer
Assembling kit
A3120
E/R
For studying motor construction details to
integrate the theory; the motor can
subsequently be used for any Lab
requirement
For studying transformer construction details
to integrate the theory; the transformer can
subsequently be used for any Lab
requirement
3/4
3/4
UNIVERSAL MACHINE
A4300
E/R
Flexible and comprehensive system for a
great variety of Lab requirements: most
rotating electrical machines can be
assembled and coupled by means of a set
of modular components (stators, rotors,
coupling accessories and base)
A4840
E/R
For coupling two machines on a base by
fastening and aligning them with a quick
method that does not require tools
6/8
Eddy Current Brake
A4420
E/R
Provides a load for testing motors
1/2
Braking DC Generator
A4430
E/R
Provides a means for loading motors and
measuring torque
6/8
Resistive Load
A4510
E/R
Resistive load for testing AC and DC
generators
6/8
Capacitive Load
A4520
E/R
Capacitive load for testing AC generators
4/6
Inductive Load
A4530
E/R
Inductive load for testing AC generators
4/6
Starter for DC Motors
A4610
E/R
Rheostat for starting DC motors
6/8
Starter for AC Motors
A4620
E/R
Rheostat for starting 3 phase AC motors
6/8
Excitation Rheostat
A4630
E/R
Rheostat for controlling excitation in DC and
synchronous AC machines
6/8
Universal Machine
2/4
COUPLING BASE
Coupling Base
BRAKES
LOADS
RHEOSTATS
ELECTRON S.R.L. VIA CASCINA TORCHIO I-26833 MERLINO (LO) ITALY - TEL. 39(Italy) 02(Milan) 9065 9200
FAX 9065 9180 - E-mail: electron@electron.it Web: www.electron.it
Rev 01
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File LEAFLET A4
Description
Code
Q.ty
Essential/
Recomm.
(for 24
Students)
min/max
Purpose
METERS
Tachometer
A4720
E/R
Digital RPM meter
6/8
Transducer for A4720
A4721
E/R
Sensor that provides input to the tachometer
6/8
Torque Meter
A4730
E/R
Transducer for A4730
A4731
E/R
Electrical Power Measuring
Module
A4750
E/R
Computer Base System
A4780
R
Paralleling Board
A4810
R
STAR-DELTA Starter
A4820
E/R
Two Speed Commutator
A4830
E/R
Cable Set
A4890
E/R
B3600
E/R
B3610
E/R
B3620
E/R
For measuring torque with the braking DC
generator A4430
Sensor that provides input to the torque
meter
For measuring all DC and AC parameters in
the electrical Lab
A Personal Computer reads the electrical
test data through a data acquisition box and
presents processed results to the operator;
suitable also for simulating tests without
connecting the machines
6/8
6/8
6/8
1
ACCESSORIES
For connecting in parallel two or more AC
generators or generators and power line
For starting AC motor in a STAR
configuration and then switching to DELTA
To start the 4-2 poles motor A4224 on 4
poles and then switching to 2 poles for
double speed
For connecting all machines and
instruments; 4 mm safety terminals and
coloured leads ensure a safe use
1/2
1/2
1/2
6/8
DRIVERS
Power Electronics Trainer
Speed Control for DC
Motors
Speed Control for AC
motors
NOTES
For study of the power electronics used to
drive electric motors
For experiences on controlling DC motor
speed
For experiences on controlling AC motor
speed
Code:
Model Code - For power range consult the ELECTRON
Catalogue; power of machines, accessories and loads
should be matched
E/R:
Essential/Recommended component. Essential components are
required to perform the basic experiments. Recommended
components provide additional and higher level training
capabilities
Q.ty:
Essential/Recommended quantities for an effective and
comprehensive training system. The quantities are for a 24
students laboratory.
ELECTRON S.R.L. VIA CASCINA TORCHIO I-26833 MERLINO (LO) ITALY - TEL. 39(Italy) 02(Milan) 9065 9200
FAX 9065 9180 - E-mail: electron@electron.it Web: www.electron.it
Rev 01
Specifications may change without notice
page - 10 -
File LEAFLET A4
1/2
2/4
2/4
EXAMPLE OF DESCRIPTION OF AN EXPERIMENT ON AN ELECTRICAL MACHINE
(Actual copy from the Student Experiment Manual)
ELECTRON S.R.L. VIA CASCINA TORCHIO I-26833 MERLINO (LO) ITALY - TEL. 39(Italy) 02(Milan) 9065 9200
FAX 9065 9180 - E-mail: electron@electron.it Web: www.electron.it
Rev 01
Specifications may change without notice
page - 11 -
File LEAFLET A4
ELECTRON S.R.L. VIA CASCINA TORCHIO I-26833 MERLINO (LO) ITALY - TEL. 39(Italy) 02(Milan) 9065 9200
FAX 9065 9180 - E-mail: electron@electron.it Web: www.electron.it
Rev 01
Specifications may change without notice
page - 12 -
File LEAFLET A4