metox
Metal Oxide Technologies Inc.
MetOx Presentation
DOE Wire Workshop Jan 2006
metox
The Houston Connection
The HTS material we use was discovered at the University of
Houston Dr Paul Chu and his team discovered YBCO, the only truly
commercial HTS material, in 1987 at the Texas Center for
Superconductivity at the University of Houston (TcSUH), one of the worlds
premier superconducting materials research institutions
SVEC
The enabling production technology was developed at the
University of Houston The underlying epitaxial production technology
CAM
was developed in 1995 by Dr Alex Ignatiev and his team at the Space
Vacuum Epitaxy Center at the University of Houston (now Center for
Advanced Materials), a NASA Research Partnership Center, and one of
the worlds premier materials science research centers.
Space Vacuum
Epitaxy Center
metox The commercial wire production system was developed by MetOx
in Houston Metal Oxide Technologies licensed the YBCO and deposition
technology from the UH System in 1998 and designed and built a MOCVD
production system which is continuously improved.
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MetOx Houston
facility photo and
layout
PI-2
New Production System
Existing Production System
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MetOx Single Pass System
MetOx 6th generation system photograph
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MetOx MOCVD works well on 3 architectures
(2) MetOx MOCVD YBCO
(1) Single buffer – MOCVD
Ni substrate
MetOx MOCVD YBCO on MetOx MOCVD buffer
(7) MetOx MOCVD YBCO
(4) MetOx MOCVD YBCO
(5) LaMnO3
(3) CeO2
(4) epiepi-MgO
(2) YSZ
(3) IBADIBAD-MgO
(2) Y2O3
(1) Al2O3
(1) Y2O3
Ni Substrate
Hastelloy Substrate
MetOx MOCVD YBCO on IBAD architecture
MetOx MOCVD YBCO on Rabits architecture
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MetOx YBCO on LANL IBAD-buffered hastelloy substrates
Measurements performed at LANL by Dr. L. Civale and Dr. B. Maiorov
Angular dependence
Field dependence
Ic~94 A/cm 1
Metox CON54a
T=75.5K
0.22
Metox CON54a
T=75.5K µ0H=1T
-2
Jc [MAcm ]
10
0.1
Ic [A/cm]
0.20
-2
Jc [MA cm ]
0.24
100
H//ab
H//c
0.18
0.16
0.14
0.12
1
0.01
0
1
2
µ0H [T]
3
4
0.10
-45
0
45
Θ [deg]
Produced on MetOx continuous reel to reel, air to air system
90
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MetOx YBCO on ORNL Ni-3%W RABiTS substrates
Measurements performed at ORNL by Dr. D. F. Lee and Mr. P. Martin
Field dependence
Angular dependence
1.6
30
2
Jc = 1.39 MA/cm
25
Ic (A/cm)
2
Jc (MA/cm )
1.2
0.8
20
0.4
15
0
10
0
0.5
1
H//c (Tesla)
1.5
-20
0
20
40
60
80 100 120
Angle (deg.); H = 1 T
Produced on MetOx continuous reel to reel, air to air system
metox
MetOx YBCO on MetOx single buffer
At CCA in Dec I reported all MetOx at 22A and 244,444a/cm2
SEM crosscross-sectional view
I-V curve
5
Ic = 29.1 A
2
Jc = 323,000 A/cm
4
V (µV)
3
2 THETA scan
o
∆Ω = 5-7
o
∆Φ = 7.5
2
1
0
-1
0
20
30
40
50
60
10
20
I (A/cm-width)
2θ (deg.)
Produced on MetOx continuous reel to reel, air to air system
30
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Improving Performance with Thick Films
MetOx thicker YBCO films on ORNL and LANL substrates
1.7 µm YBCO/LANL
2
265 A/cm, 1.56 MA/cm
I-V curve
10
8
1.7 µm YBCO/ORNL
2
143 A/cm, 0.84 MA/cm
SEM cross-sectional view
1.7 µm YBCO
V (µV)
6
4
2
0
-2
0
100
200
I (A/cm)
Produced on MetOx continuous reel to reel, air to air system
300
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Improving Performance with Pinning Enhancement
Chemical pinning enhancement by doping with secondary phase particles
1.2Angular dependence
without doping
with doping
1
Jc/Jc(0)
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Angle (deg.); H = 1 T
Produced on MetOx continuous reel to reel, air to air system
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Requested information
Questions:
(1) What is the production rate of the slowest step in your fabrication
procedure? (2) What is the fastest production rate you anticipate for your
present fabrication facility without significant reduction in wire
properties/characteristics?
Answers:
1. Both MetOx production steps operate at the same rate. For development
runs we operate at < 5 M/hr at full width, single pass, air to air.
2. We have run the system at ~10 m/hr with superconducting deposition
and we ran the system once at ~ 50 m/hr with substrate, heat and gas to
make certain that everything stays together.
metox
Requested information
Questions: (1) What is the most expensive component of cost. (2) What
are the fractional costs for each component
Component
Cost %
YBCO
Buffer
Substrate
Stabilizer
Total
46%
31%
23%
???
100%
Questions: (1) What can be done to reduce the cost of the more
expensive steps? (2) How relatively important is a factor-of-two
improvement in the HTS Jc in terms of the overall cost?
Answers:
• Cost reductions will be achieved by economies of scale in precursor
and substrate cost and by increasing MOCVD process yield.
•
2 x Jc would be beneficial but MetOx process makes thick films
possible so Jc may not be as important
metox
Requested information
Questions:
(1) What are the top five technical advances that you feel are crucial for
realizing fabrication of long-lengths of tape with high Ic’s and with a
price/performance ratio of less than $10 kAm? (2) Which of these would
you like the national laboratories to focus on?
Answers:
1. From our perspective reaching $10 k-Am is more of an economy of
scale and system reliability issue than a technical issue. However, we
would consider MOCVD process yield as being important.
2. Increasing MOCVD yield would be a beneficial focus
metox
Hot off the press since CCA
• Superconducting 1 meter, single buffer, all MetOx
enhanced MOCVD, reel to reel, air to air.
• 5 micron, 500 A/cm (well almost) static sample by
MetOx enhanced MOCVD on buffered substrate
from ORNL at University of Houston.
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1 Meter all MetOx
All MetOx 110 cm long, single buffer, continuous, reel to reel, air to air.
2 THETA scan (before O2 anneal)
End
Start
I-V curve
5
Start, Ic = 14 A
End, Ic = 16 A
4
20
30
40
2θ (deg.)
SEM crosscross-sectional view
50
60
V (µV)
3
2
1
0
-1
0
5
10
15
I (A/cm-width)
20
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5 micron at almost 500 A/cm
Thick Film by static MetOx enhanced MOCVD at UH. Measured by UH.
SEM plain view
5 µm YBCO
20
I-V curve
Sample was 1.5 cm long x 1cm wide but cut to
3mm since only 200 A power supply available.
Transition caused by contact overheat and not
actual Jc. Expect actual Jc to be > 500A.
15
µ
V
(
V
)
SEM crosscross-sectional view
10
5
Transition at 453 A
0
0
250
I (A/cm-width)
500
metox
Thanks to Our Partners in Progress
SVEC
Space Vacuum
Epitaxy Center
CAM
Texas Center for
Advanced Materials
metox
Thanks for your attention…
The wake shield experiment as seen from the shuttle
Metal Oxide Technologies, Inc.