Chemistry Housed in the Howard L. Hunter Chemistry Laboratory, the Clemson University Chemistry Department has approximately 88,446 sq. ft. of space (not exact) for research and teaching. One of the finest research facilities in the Southeast, this negative pressure building, in which all emissions are captured and refiltered, includes a satellite chemistry library that supplements extensive holdings in the University’s central library. Several chemistry research groups also occupy space in other on‐ and off‐campus buildings. The department maintains a broad range of multiple‐user instruments for chemistry research. Major research instrumentation holdings include four Fourier‐
transform NMR spectrometers; X‐ray powder, single‐crystal and thin‐film diffractometers; an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer; gas chromatography/mass spectrometer systems; a thermal analysis system; and much more state‐of‐the‐art equipment maintained by individual faculty in support of their research programs. Computational Facilities and Capabilities Clemson University provides a diverse and extensive computing infrastructure supported locally within the chemistry department and by the Office of Computer and Network Services (CNS) and the Division of Computing and Information Technology (DCIT). Various laboratories in the department have high‐speed SGI, Sun and Linux workstations as well as a 28‐processor cluster for parallel computations. PC and Clemson University is also a participant in the high speed Internet 2 and partners with the Center for Advanced Engineering Fibers and Films which has a state‐of‐the‐art virtual reality laboratory and recently received a $1.3 million grant from the Keck Foundation to create a virtual visualization and design lab. Laser Facilities and Capabilities (Sun Research Group) The Laser Laboratory is managed by Dr. Ya‐Ping Sun and his research group, which is involved in the development of nanostructures and nanomaterials for optical, electronic, and biomedically significant applications. The laboratory is equipped with a CW Mode locked Nd: Yag Laser, a 20 Hz Q‐Switched Nd: Yag Laser, and 2 synchronous pumped Dye Lasers. The laser configuration is capable of conducting pump probe experiments in the nanosecond time scale region up to the subpicosecond time scale region. Additional light facilities include argon, Ti‐
sapphire and a 450W Xe lamp for excitation and pulse‐probe experiments from the UV through the 1550 nm band. Dr. Sun’s group, encompassing approximately eight postdoctoral scientists and ten graduate students under the direction of the PI, is involved in the development of nanostructures and nanomaterials for optical, electronic, and biomedically significant applications. The emphases are: 
polymeric nanocomposite materials based on carbon nanotubes and semiconductor and metal nanoparticles; 
bioactive and biocompatible nanoparticles and their interactions with biological systems; and 
dendritic nanostructures. The group is organized into three subsections. The first subsection focuses on the synthesis and fabrication of organic and polymeric nanomaterials. Recent and ongoing projects include (1) functionalization and solubilization of carbon nanotubes via various reactions of nanotubes with oligomeric, dendritic, and polymeric species; (2) preparation of bioactive and biocompatible nanoparticles; and (3) development of nanoscale optical probes for biomedical applications. The second subsection focuses on the preparation and processing of nanoparticles and related materials using supercritical fluid technology. Recent and ongoing projects include (1) preparation of nanoscale semiconductor, metal and other particles using the supercritical fluid processing method RESOLV (Rapid Expansion of Supercritical Solution into Liquid SOLVent); and (2) development of nanocomposites based on nanoscale cavities and templates. The third subsection focuses on investigations of properties and potential technological applications of nanomaterials. Recent and ongoing projects include (1) development of potent optical limiters for protection against pulsed laser irradiation; (2) development of photocatalysts based on nanoscale semiconductors; (3) optical and electronic properties of functionalized carbon nanotubes in solution; and (4) evaluation and application of nanoscale luminescence probes for bioimaging and other biomedical applications. This laboratory is sponsored with funds from the National Science Foundation, NASA, Department of Energy, Department of Defense and Army Research Office, USDA, Air Force Research Laboratory, and a South Carolina Space Grant. The Sun Lab has the following facilities. Chemical Synthesis 
Several fully equipped synthetic laboratories; 
A biological testing and analysis laboratory (BSL‐2); 
Apparatus for photochemical reactions; 
Several glovebox workstations for handling air and/or moisture sensitive materials. Facilities for Testing and Analysis Optical Spectroscopy 
Shimadzu UV‐3100 UV/Vis/NIR spectrophotometer with attachment for solid samples; 
Shimadzu UV‐2101PC UV/Vis spectrophotometer; 
Shimadzu UV‐3600 UV/Vis/NIR spectrophotometer; 
Spex Fluorolog‐2 emission spectrometer equipped with two detectors for regular and near‐IR sensitive (thermoelectrically cooled, up to 1,200 nm) measurements; 
Nanosecond time‐resolved emission spectrometer with thermoelectrically cooled detectors; 
Nanosecond and picosecond transient absorption measurements; 
Apparatus for picosecond fluorescence decay studies; 
Horiba Jobin‐Yvon T64000 Raman spectrometer with microscopy attachment; 
Biacore X SPR Spectrometer; 
Thermo‐Nicolet Nexus 679 Near‐IR/FT‐IR Spectrometer Separation and Identification 
Two medium pressure liquid chromatography systems; 
Waters 2690 Alliance Liquid Chromatography System equipped with refractive index and photodiode array detection and Millenium® software; 
Dual‐pump HPLC system for analytical analysis and GPC (multiple GPC colums) polymer characterization; 
Preparative HPLC system (100mL/min capability) with preparative and specialty columns; 
Shimazdu medium resolution GC‐MS. Biological and Microbiological Testing Equipment 
Baker certified Type III biohazard hoods (laminar flow; 6 ft. wide); 
Labconco TypeA2 biosafety cabinet (laminar flow; 6 ft. wide); 
BioRad realtime PCR system; 
Pulse field gel electrophoresis system (BioRad); 
Various gel electrophoresis assets (protein and DNA); 
Ultrasec Plus spectrophotometer; 
Incubator shaker C‐25 (New Brunswick); 
American Sterilizer autoclave; 
Automated colony counter; 
Phase contrast microscope; 
Beckman Coulter L‐90K ultracentrifuge; 
Beckman J2‐MI centrifuge and Beckman XL‐80 ultracentrifuge; 
Gel Doc 2000 Gel Documentation System (BioRad). Other Specialty Equipment 
Bruker MALDI time‐of‐flight MS for peptide/protein identification and characterization, biomarker discovery and oligonucleotide analysis. 
Thermal Analysis Q‐1000 DSC; 
Thermal Analysis Q‐500 TGA; 
Dynamic Light Scattering Particle Sizers; 
Leica TCS SP2 confocal microscope with mult‐photon capability; 
Optical microscopes; 
Molecular imaging PicoPlus Atomic Force Microscopy system. 
Bulk Liquid nitrogen tank 
3 ice machines to make 500# dry ice weekly Shared Facilities NMR Facility (in Hunter Labs) 
Bruker 300‐MHZ multinuclear NMR spectrometer 
JEOL 500‐MHZ multinuclear NMR spectrometer; 
Bruker 500‐MHZ NMR spectrometer with solid state and high resolution gel probes; X‐ray Facility 
Three single crystal instruments; Rigaku AFC‐7R(18kW), Siemens R3mV with liquid nitrogen based low temperature systems and a Syntex P2(1); 
Powder x‐ray diffraction Scintag XDS 2000 with variable temperature stage and thin film attachment; 
CCD‐area detector based single crystal system with liquid helium cooling system. Magnetic Resonance Facilities and Capabilities Clemson’s Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Resource Center affords easy access to modern high‐resolution NMR instruments for students, postdoctoral scientists and faculty. The primary instrumentation includes four multinuclear high‐field spectrometers (two of which are modern Bruker NMR instruments with the proton frequency ranging from 200 to 500 MHz, and two of which are JEOL instruments) that are used for routine measurements, as well as for advanced one‐ and two‐dimensional NMR experiments in molecular structure determination, molecular dynamics, and chemical kinetics and thermodynamics. One of the instruments (Bruker Avance 500) includes gel and solid‐
state NMR capability. Dr. Aleksandr Kitaygorodskiy is the center’s director. In addition to maintaining the instruments, he provides assistance, training and consultation on NMR‐relevant subjects. He teaches a graduate course on applications of NMR spectroscopy in chemistry with emphasis on modern experimental techniques. All NMR users receive support through training and assistance in setting up experiments and interpreting results. The lab is equipped with four NMR spectrometers. 
JEOL Eclipse+500 (500 MHz, high resolution multinuclear spectrometer), 
Bruker Avance 300 (300 MHz, high resolution multinuclear spectrometer), 
Bruker Avance 500 (500 MHz, high resolution multinuclear spectrometer). 
JEOL ECX‐300 (300 MHz, high resolution multinuclear spectrometer). Microscopy Facilities and Capabilities Clemson’s Electronic Imaging and Analytical Services (EIAS) group is one of the Southeast’s premier analytical imaging and surface analysis facilities. Area researchers both on and off campus can take advantage of a broad range of capabilities, including scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and high‐vacuum surface analysis. The EIAS facility is widely used in a number of areas but particularly in nanomaterial and nanotechnology research, which depend critically on the availability of tools that can characterize materials with submicrometer to subnanometer spatial resolution. The College of Engineering and Science supports the facility, and staff can provide training and run samples depending on project needs. Training is provided through several formal courses and short courses offered both for credit and as training vehicles. Located in the lower level of Jordan Hall, the most recent investment of $650,000 for new facilities takes the University commitment to the laboratory above the million‐
dollar mark. Although the EIAS lab is open Monday through Friday from 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., faculty and students may reserve access time beyond normal operating hours. A minimal waiting time, combined with state‐of‐the‐art technology, at prices that are extremely affordable, make Clemsonʹs Electronic Imaging and Analytical Services facility the ideal location for research and development projects. X‐Ray Facilities and Capabilities The Molecular Structure Center, under the direction of Dr. Colin McMillen, provides the chemistry department with methods of X‐ray diffraction analysis, the most reliable and unambiguous means for determining the structure of crystalline materials. The center maintains four separate diffractometer systems for performing both powder and crystalline diffraction experiments. These include two Rigaku mercury x‐ray diffractometers. One is a sealed tube system equipped with a CCD area detector; the other has a detector that uses a powerful 18 kW rotating anode source. The center also has a conventional four‐circle diffractometer with a sealed tubesource. A Scintag 2000 system with a germanium detector and a seven‐position automatic sample changer is used for powder diffraction. Data processing and analysis are done on numerous PCs running Microsoft Windows and Red Hat Linux. The center has access to many electronic databases, including Cambridge Structural Database, Inorganic Crystal Structure Database, NIST Crystal Data File and Powder Diffraction File. The department regularly offers a graduate course in the principles and applications of X‐ray diffraction methods. Undergraduate faculty enhancement workshops in X‐ray crystallography are taught during the summer. Students are encouraged to get hands‐on experience using the state‐of‐the‐art instrumentation in the laboratory. Clemson Center for Electro Chemical Research Directed by Dr. Steve Creager, the Clemson Center for Electro Chemical Research occupies 1300 square feet of laboratory space in the Advanced Materials Research Laboratory (AMRL) at Clemson. The space includes one lab that is partially outfitted for chemical synthesis and wet chemical activities (including assorted balances, pumps, ovens, evaporators, etc., and two 6‐foot fume hoods), and one lab suitable for chemical measurement activities. Several Pentium‐class computers with assorted peripherals, and items of electronic test equipment, are also available. The space also includes a graduate students office area, and eating area, lounge facilities, The lab also has the following equipment 
A BET Surface Analyzer and a mercury Porosimeter 
Two mini lathes and one tube furnace 
CH Instruments model 660 electrochemical workstation (modified to record light emission from the electrode‐solution interface via a Photon Technologies PMT‐
based detection system) 
Solartron model 1287 / model 1260 electrochemical workstation 
Solartron model 1280 electrochemical workstation 
Pine RDE‐4 bipotentiostat / rotator / rotating ring‐disk electrode system and other assorted manual and home‐built potentiostat systems. 
GlobeTech fuel cell test station, 
Home‐built FIA system consisting of a Harvard Apparatus syringe pump, a manual injector, a CH Instruments cross‐flow thin‐layer cell, and a manual potentiostat / chart recorder for data logging. 
ISCO analytical / prep HPLC system consisting of pump, solvent mixer, injector, UV and refractive index detectors, ESA Inc. 
Coulochem II detector, and manual integrator for data logging. 
Nicolet Magna 550 FT‐IR with external specular reflectance attachment 
A Rudolph Autoel II automated ellipsometer 
A CVC model 144 vacuum evaporator with a QCM thickness monitor 
Rame‐Hart model 100 contact angle goniometer Partners Research in Chemistry has grown increasingly interdisciplinary and collaborative. The projects conducted by the faculty at Clemson are part of this trend and actively collaborate with organizations on and off campus projects. The department actively collaborates with the Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies (COMSET), the Center for Advanced Engineering Fibers and Films (CAEFF), the Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) lab, Greenville Hospital/Clemson University Co‐operative, Clemson University Genomics Institute, Clemson University Food Safety Institute, and the South Carolina Institute for Energy Studies. Additional equipment The Mettler Toledo DSC/TGA SDTAE51 thermogravimetric analyzer is used to weigh samples and measure them as a function of temperature while subjecting them to controlled heat. TGA/SDTA is the application of two techniques to the same sample simultaneously. The Mettler Toledo TG/SDTA has a wide measurement range ( 1 to 5 g); a high resolution 0.1 to 1.0 mg; a temperature range from room temperature to 1600oC ; high temperature accuracy (+ 0.25 oC ); and observable physical transitions on the SDTA curve. The sample weight loss during TGA provides quantitative insight into sample composition, along with the temperature of thermal and oxidative degradation are measured. The TGA is used to observe sample volatilization, thermal degradation in an inert atmosphere (pyrolysis), oxygen or other reactive gas reaction, and melting, physical and chemical transitions. This lab is also equipped with a Lamp Power Supply 220B (Photon Technology International) used to provide stable power for Xenon, Mercury, and Mercury/ Xenon compact arc lamps as well as Tungsten‐Halogen lamps from 75 to 150 watts. These devices are used to measure spectrofluorometric quinine for example. Solid State Chemistry Lab Directed by Dr. Shiou‐Jyh Hwu, the Solid State Chemistry lab conducts research in
extended solids with magnetic nanostructures, creating via salt inclusion synthesis porous and polar solids, research in diluted magnetic semiconducting solids, and extended solids with periodic arrays of quantum dots. The lab has 16 furnaces for solid state work: 4 Fisher scientific programmable muffle furnaces in excess of 1100 C; and 12 thermoscientific Lindberg/Blue M Box Furnaces with heat ranges to 1500 degrees C. Additional equipment includes a dry box; a vacuum line; a schlenk line, for manipulating air sensitive compounds, with a high vacuum for removing solvent traces from samples. The multiport line/gas manifold makes it possible to undertake several operations simultaneously. Also in the lab is a pressure reactor, ultraviolet‐visible spectrophotometry (UV‐Vis or UV/Vis) equipment which uses near‐UV and near infrared NIR, a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) Magnetometer to discover the magnetic properties of samples, BET, TMA, Electrical Conductivity, a Macintosh G‐4 structural visualization workstation, a Dell Work station, an X‐ray lab containing database workstations for Power X‐Ray Diffraction (PXRD), Surface X‐Ray Diffraction (SXRD), the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD) and the Cambridge Cystrollgraphic Data center which has information on the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) respository of small‐molecule crystal structures.