Bell Ringer
1) Describe this photograph.
2) When and where do you think this picture was taken?
Why do you think this?
3) What were 3 things you think people living in this setting did in the years following this photograph?
Oct 27­3:52 PM
Lincoln was assassinated and the person who became president was Andrew Johnson, a Southerner who sympathized with the South.
Many people in Congress opposed Johnson—they were called Radical Republicans. “Radical” means extreme, and “radicals” typically want to see extreme changes in society. In the 1860's the Radical Republicans wanted to punish the South for the Civil War and they wanted freedmen to have equal rights.
Oct 28­7:13 AM
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Why was the Radical Republican plan for Reconstruction considered “radical?
Oct 28­7:15 AM
The Civil War
1861­1865
Caused primarily by slavery in the southern states and states’ rights
Fought between the United States and the Confederate States of America The United States defeated the Confederate States of America Oct 27­3:52 PM
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Reconstruction
1865­1877
Major Questions following the Civil War:
1) How to re­build the South?
2) How to bring Southern states back into the United States?
3) How to bring former slaves into the United States as free men and women?
Oct 27­3:52 PM
Re­building the South
Over 1 million Americans lost their
lives during the Civil War: 664, 928 Northern Casualties
483, 286 Southern Casualties
After 4 years of war, could Northerners and Southerners
forgive each other? Could they become unified as citizens of the same country?
Oct 27­3:52 PM
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How to bring former Confederate States back into the
United States?
Should people who fought against the United State be allowed
to become American citizens? Should they be punished?
What should be done to southern state governments that fought
against the United States?
Oct 27­3:52 PM
Freedmen
At the end of the Civil War, there were hundreds of thousands former slaves living in the former Confederate States.
How would freed men and women be treated in the
Southern States?
What do you think were some
of the major challenges faced
by former slaves?
Oct 27­3:52 PM
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Reconstruction
What will be done when the war is over?
Reconstruction ­ The period following the Civil War in which Congress passed laws designed to rebuild the country and bring the Southern states back into the Union.
Oct 27­3:52 PM
President Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln wanted the country to come back together peacefully. Lincoln’s plan was created in 1863, about two years before the end of the war.
At the time of his death, the war was just ending and he was not able to put his ideas into practice.
The Ten Percent Plan
10% of voters in the seceded states must swear loyalty under oath to the Union.
The seceded states must abolish slavery.
Oct 27­3:52 PM
5
Republicans in Congress
• Wanted to be more strict with the States that had rebelled. • Wanted a State to re­enter through a slower admission process.
Wade­Davis Bill
The majority of white men from formerly Confederate states must swear loyalty to the United States.
The seceded states must abolish slavery.
Former Confederate soldiers or volunteers cannot hold office or vote.
Oct 27­3:52 PM
President Andrew Johnson
• Wanted to be strict with the States that had rebelled, but ended up making it relatively easy for them. • Allowed for segregation of the races.
Johnson Plan
The majority of white men from formerly Confederate states must swear loyalty to the United States.
Formerly Confederate states must ratify the 13th Amendment.
Former Confederate officials may hold office and vote.
Oct 27­3:52 PM
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Radical Republicans
• Radical republicans, often abolitionists, represented a large part of Congress. • These Congressmen wanted to be strict with the States that had rebelled. • They also wanted to protect the newly freed slaves.
Reconstruction Act
Formerly Confederate states must disband their state governments.
Formerly Confederate states must write new state constitutions. Formerly Confederate states must ratify the 14th Amendment
Formerly Confederate states must allow African Americans to vote.
Oct 27­3:52 PM
Turn in Projects ­ Hard copies
Turn in Homework that was due Friday!
Oct 31­8:41 AM
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Ten Percent Plan Wade ­ Davis Bill President Abraham Lincoln (1863) Republicans in Congress (1864)
Majority of white men must swear loyalty
10 percent of all voters must swear loyalty to the Union Must abolish slavery
Johnson
Plan Reconstruction Act
President Andrew Radical Republicans (1867)
Johnson (1865)
Majority of white men must swear loyalty
Must ratify 13th Amendment
Must disband state governments
Must write new constitutions
Must ratify 14th Amendment
Must abolish slavery former Confederate Former Confederate volunteers cannot officials may vote African Americans hold office or vote
must be allowed to and hold office
vote
Oct 26­7:30 AM
Lincoln Assassinated
Oct 26­8:23 AM
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Plan A
Kidnap Lincoln
Take Lincoln to Richmond
Exchange Lincoln for Captured Confederates
Bring the Civil War to an End
Save the Confederacy
But, When Lee surrendered to Grant, the plan changed…
Oct 26­8:25 AM
While John Wilkes Booth becomes frustrated over the surrender, Lincoln plans to go to the theater.
Booth finds out that Lincoln will be at the theater and sets out to kill him.
Another man sets out to kill the vice president, and another man to kill the secretary of state.
Booth shoots Lincoln in the back of the head during a play. The other men fail to assassinate their targets.
Booth runs to the Maryland countryside and hides
Lincoln dies in Washington, DC.
After 12 days on the run, Booth is discovered at a farm in Virginia, where he is shot and killed after refusing to surrender.
Oct 26­8:29 AM
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Ticket out the door
What do you think will happen during Reconstruction under Johnson’s plan? Why?
Oct 27­4:07 PM
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